How would you
solve this problem?
9+5=?
Helping Children
Master the Basic Facts
| BIG IDEAS
• Number relationships provide the foundation for strategies that help
children to remember basic facts or figure out unknown facts from those
already known. For example, knowing how numbers are related to 5 and
10 helps children master facts such as 3+5 (think of a ten frame) and 8+6
(since 8 is 2 away from 10, take 2 from 6 to make 10+4=14
• Finding the total number of objects arranged in equal sized groups helps
children to build a foundation for multiplication. This situation can be
represented using repeated addition.
Helping Children
Master the Basic Facts
| BIG IDEAS
• Mastery of the basic facts is a developmental process. Children move
through stages starting with counting, then moving to more efficient
reasoning strategies and eventually to quick recall. Instruction must help
children move through these phases without rushing them to memorization.
• Children who are not developing fluency with the basic facts may need to
revisit foundational ideas, such as number relationships. Simply continuing
to drill will not address the cause of their difficulty and can negatively affect
their confidence and attitude toward success in mathematics.
-*John A. Van De Walle
Developmental Process
for Basic Fact Mastery
Reasoning Strategies
The purpose of developing reasoning strategies is to help
children move from counting to more efficient ways of recalling
facts quickly and accurately.
Ways to Support Strategy Development:
• Story Problems
• Explicitly Teaching Reasoning Strategies
*John Van De Walle
Reasoning Strategies For Addition Facts
• One More Than, Two More Than
• Adding Zero
• Using 5 as an anchor
• Make 10
• Up Over 10 (Break apart)
• Doubles
• Near Doubles
Reasoning Strategies For Subtraction Facts
• Subtraction as Think-Addition
• Down Over 10
• Take From 10
Let’s go back….
How would you solve this problem?
9+5=?
How about this one?
14-9=?
QUESTIONS?
Games to Support
Basic Fact Development
Thank you for coming!
Please make your math game
kit to take home with you!
Enjoy!