Matakuliah
Tahun
: E1122 - Psikologi Pendidikan
: 2010
Sociocultural Diversity
Pertemuan 8
Culture
• Culture: The behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other
products of a particular group of people that are passed
on from generation to generation.
• Cross-cultural studies: Studies that compare what
happens in one culture whit what happens in one or
more other cultures, they provide information about the
degree to which people are similar and to what degree
behaviors are spesific to certain cultures
• Individualism, A set of values tht give priority to
personal rather than to group goals
• Collectivism: A set of values that support the group
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Socioeconomic status (SES)
• Socioeconomic status: the categorization of people
according to their economic, educational, and
occupational characteristics
• In United States SES has important implications for
education. Low – SES individuals often heve less
eduction, less power to influence a community’s
institutions (such as school), and fewer economic
resources.
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Ethnicity
• Ethnicity: A shared pattern of characteristics such as
cultural heritage, nationality, race, religion, and
language.
• Ethnicity and School;
• Prejudice, discrimination, and bias
• Diversity and differences
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Bilingualism
• Learning a second language;
learning secong language is easier for children than for
adolescents or adults. Adult make faster initial progress,
but their eventual success in the second language is not
as great as children’s.
• Bilingual education: teaching academic subject to
immigrant children in their native language while slowly
teaching English. ;
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Multicultural Education
• Multicultural Education : Education that values
diversity and includes the perspectives of a variety of
cultural proups on a regular basis.
• Empowerment, providing people with intellectual and
coping skills to succed and make this a more just world
• Culturally Relevant Teaching, a good teacher are
aware of and integrate culturally relevant teaching into
the curriculum because it makes teaching more effective
• Issues-Centered Education, in this approach, students
area taught to systematically examine issues that involve
equity and socail justice. They are not only clarify their
values but also examine alternatives and consequences
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if they take a particular stance on an issue.
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Improving Relations Among Children
From Different Ethnic Groups
• The Jigsaw Classroom, a classroom in which students
from different cultural backgrounds cooperate by doing
different parts of a project to reach a common goal
• Positive personal contact with others from different
cultural background
relation improve when students talk with each other
about their personal worries, success, failures, coping
strategies, interests, and so on.
• Perspective Taking
Execises and activities that help students see other
people’s perspectives can improve interethnic relations
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Improving Relations Among Children
From Different Ethnic Groups
• Critical Thinking and Emotional Entelligence
Students who learn to think deeply and critically about
interethnic relations are likely to decrease their prejudice
and stereotyping of other.
• Reducing Bias
The antibias curriculum argues that although differences
are good, discriminating against someone is not. It
encourages teacher to confront troublesome bias issues
rather than covering them up
• Increase Tolerance
• The school and community as a team
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The Issue of Whether a core of “White”
values Should be Taught
• All students should be tought a set of core values
(mutual respect, individual right, tolerance of differences)
• All students should be taught a common core or cultural
knowledgeto ensure that they become “culturally
literate”.
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