Video 1
Subject
Session
Tahun
Versi
:
:
:
:
T0934 / Multimedia Programming Foundation
10
2009
1/0
Learning Outcomes
In the end of this session, students must be
able to:
– Understand the basic principal of
various video compression
– Identify Java Media Framework syntax
to manipulate basic video properties
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Outline
• Digital Video
• Digital Video Compression
• Java Media Framework 2.1 API
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Digital Video
• Sequence of digital image
• Repeated recording doesn’t degrade
quality
• Ease of encryption and better tolerance to
channel noise
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Digital Video Compression
•
•
•
•
H.261
H.263
MPEG-1
MPEG-2
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H.261
• Earlier digital video compression standard
whose method of compression is adopted
by later video compression standard
• Development is initiated in 1988
• Is designed for videophone,
videoconferencing, and other audiovisual
services over telephone lines
• Supports 176x144 and 352x288 resolution
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H.261 Format
H.261
Picture Layer
TR
Ptype
GOB
PSC
• Picture Start Code
• Defines boundaries between pictures
TR
• Temporal Reference
• Provides a timestamp for the picture
PType
• Picture Type
• Specifies picture type and resolution
GOB
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PSC
• Group of Blocks
…
GOB
H.261 Format
GOB
GOB Layer
GBSC
GN
GQuant
MB
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GBSC
GN
GQuant
MB
…
• GOB Start Code
• Each one is unique and identifies each GOB
• Group Number
• Identifies each GOB
• GOB Quantizer
• Indicates the quantizer to be used in GOB
• Macroblock
MB
H.261 Format
MB
MB Layer
Address
Type
MQuant
Type
MQuant
MVD
CBP
b0
…
• Indicates its position within GOB
• Defines type of block (intra-, inter-, motion-compesanted, or non motion-compensated
block)
• MB Quantizer
• Indicates the quantizer to be used, can override GQuant
MVD
• Motion Vector Data
• Obtained by taking the difference between preceeding and current MB
CBP
• Coded Block Pattern
• Indicates well/poorly matched blocks
b
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Address
• Block Layer
• 8x8 block, contains data and EOB (End of Block) code
B5
H.263
• Improved video coding standard for video
conferencing and low bitrate
communication ( < 64kbps)
• Use similar compression methods to
H.261
• Supports five resolutions
–
–
–
–
–
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128 x 96
176 x 44
352 x 288
704 x 576
1408 x 1152
H.263 Encoding
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Further H.263 Development
H.263
H.263+
• Second version of H.263
• Improved efficiency and error resilience
• Adopt many aspects of MPEG standards
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H.263++
• Improved of H.263+
MPEG-1
• A standard for storing and playing video on the CD at low
bitrate (1.5 Mbps)
• Supports only non-interlaced (progressive) video
• Supports 352x240 (NTSC) and 352x288 (PAL) resolution
• Allows other resolutions/formats as long as it is within
Constrained Parameter Set (CPS)
CPS
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Value
Horizontal size of picture
<=768
Vertical size of picture
<=576
Number of macroblocks/picture
<=396
Number of macroblocks/second
<=9900
Frame rate
<=30fps
Bitrate
<=1856kbps
MPEG-1 Format
MPEG-1
Sequence Layer
Sequence
header
GOP
GOP
…
Sequence
end code
Sequence • Contains picture information, such as horizontal &
vertical size, pixel aspect ratio, frame rate, bit rate, etc
header
GOP
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• Group of Pictures layer
• Contains one or more pictures
MPEG-1 Format
GOP
GOP Layer
GOP
header
Picture
Picture
…
Picture
GOP
header
• Contains information, such as time code to indicate hourminute-second-frame from the start of the sequence
Picture
• Can be divided in one or more slices (more flexible than
GOB)
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MPEG-1 Format
Picture
Picture
header
Slice
Slice
…
Slice
header
MB
MB
…
MB
B0
B1
B2
B3
B4
Picture Layer
Slice Layer
MB Layer
Slice
header
MB
B
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MB
header
• Specifies the length and position of each slice
• Macroblocks
• 8x8 block, similar to MB’s H.261
• Blocks layer
Slice
B5
MPEG-2
• Development started in 1990
• Initially developed as a standard for digital
broadcast TV, now adopted for DVD
• Supports interlaced video
• For higher-quality video at more than 4 Mbps
bitrate
• Better error checking and correction
• More flexible video format such as 1920x1152,
1440x1152, 720x576, 352x288, etc
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JMF 2.1 API
• The Java Media Framework API (JMF)
enables audio, video and other time-based
media to be added to applications and
applets built on Java technology.
• Load video
• Start and stop video
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Sample Code
Create Player from file and add ControllerListener
ControllerListener which update Visual and Controls Component
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Sample Code
Result
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References
• Java Media Framework. 2009.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Media_Framework
• Image Compression. 2009.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_compression
• H.263 Video Codec. 2004.
http://www.brogent.com/brogentENG/eng/tech/video_2.htm
• Java Media Framework API Guide. 1999.
http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/media/jmf/2.1.1/gui
de/index.html
• Java Media Development with QuickTime for Java. 2002.
http://onjava.com/pub/a/onjava/2002/12/23/jmf.html
• Playing Video and Other Media with the Java Media Framework.
2006.
http://www.deitel.com/articles/java_tutorials/20060422/PlayingVideo
withJMF/
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