Matakuliah
Tahun
: Decision Support System
: 2009
DSS Requirement Analysis
Pertemuan - 14
Sasaran Pembelajaran
•Mahasiswa dapat menyusun kembali kebutuhan
user manajemen akan system yang dapat
mendukung tugas dan pekerjaan dalam suatu
rancang bangun DSS
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3
Pokok Bahasan
• General Development Phases
• Problem Analysis and Planning
• Requirement Analysis
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DSS Development
• DSS Development
– Objectives –
• Explain the relative advantages and disadvantages of do-ityourself versus professional development.
• Describe important steps that can occur in the process of
building a decision support system.
• Differentiate among the developmental activities of analysis,
design, and implementation.
• Discuss your role as a do-it-yourself developer.
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DSS Development
– Development ranges from recognition of need for a DSS through
use of the DSS to support decisions
– Quality of DSS depends on
• Developer skills
• Development process
• Development tool(s)
– These also affect speed and cost of develop-ment
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DSS Development
• Measures of success
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Is it used?
Extent of usage
User’s perception about convenience of usage
Ability to produce correct responses
Economic payoffs
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DSS Development Success
• Ingredients for successful development
– Technical skills in system development
– Methodological skills in system development
• analysis (what are the requirements?)
• design (what is the blueprint?)
• implementation (following the blueprint)
– Satisfying the end user
• familiarity with problem domain
• determining end user needs
• user involvement in analysis and design
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DSS Development Success
• Selecting an appropriate development tool(s)
– depends on developer’s technical skills
– depends on end user’s needs
• Knowledge access
– initializing the KS
– depends on appreciation of knowledge sources for the problem domain
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DSS Developers
– Developers
• Professional
– builds systems for a living
– formally trained in computer science/business computing
• Do-It-Yourself
– is a manager and end user
– typically little formal training in computer science
• Both can succeed or fail
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Computer Based Decision Support
– Help for do-it-yourself developers
• Information center
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educate end users about possibilities and how to achieve them
provide technical assistance
promote do-it-yourself development
track technological advances
• To benefit from such services, do-it-yourself developer should
be
– familiar with DSS development process
– conversant in KM techniques
– acquainted with development tool(s)
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Computer Based Decision Support
– DSS development process
• Many formal approaches to system development exist within SDLC
confines
– used by professionals
– used for large scale systems
– require time, effort, and resources
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Computer Based Decision Support
• Do-it-yourself development skirts SDLC formalities
– can informally consider same issues as professional
– guidelines can be organized in 5 topic areas:
» Preliminaries or planning
» analysis
» design
» implementation
» operations
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Planning Phase
• Activities
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–
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recognizing a decision support need or opportunity
setting broad objectives and evaluation standards
planning for the development project
Proposing the solution
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Analysis Phase
• Activities
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studying the decision situations to be supported
specifying detailed requirements to be met
identifying tool candidates
Defining DSS Architecture base on technological
requirements
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Design Phase
• Design
– Dialog Management
– Model Management
– Coordination Management
• Implementation
• Operation
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Development Plan
• Aktivitas didasarkan pada phase Planning
– Mengenali decision support yang dibutuhkan atau peluannya
• improving decision-maker productivity
• pursuing a competitive strategy
– Menetapkan broad objectives dan evaluation standards
• kinds of support to be provided
• capacity expectations
• standards for gauging success
– Menetapkan DSS System Definition sebagai solution concept
– planning untuk development project
• securing commitment of superiors
• constructing a budget
• scheduling the development activities
– Propose untuk mendapatkan users approval
• Deliverables
– DSS System Definition
– Project Proposal
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Requirement Analysis
• Aktivitas
– Study situasi atau lingkungan pengambilan keputusan yang
akan disupport
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•
•
•
decision maker inclinations and tastes
relevant problem recognition and solving means
relevant knowledge used in decision making
organizational context in which system will be used
– Specifikasikan secara rinci requirements yang harus dipenuhi
• functional requirements ( data dan function)
– Entity class and use cases ( OOAD)
• interface dan dialog requirements
• coordination requirements
• knowledge management techniques yang diperlukan
– Identifikasi technological tool candidates
– Definisikan DSS Architecture berdasarkan technological
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requirements
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Analysis
• Deliverables ( OOAD )
– Entity Class Diagram
• Class diagram dan Class behavior
– Usage
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•
•
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Usecase details
functional requirements list
Decision model specification
interface and dialog requirements
coordination requirements
needed knowledge management techniques
– DSS Architecture
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Review&Question
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