Matakuliah
Tahun
: PSYCHOLOGY PEMERIKSAAN
: 2009
Conducting Interview and Questioner
Pertemuan 07
Conducting
Interview and Questioner
Session 07
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Learning Objectives
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Understanding about what interview and questioner means
Understanding about the purpose of interview and questioner
Understanding the activities of interview
Understanding variables need to be considered in doing an
interview
• Understanding variables need to be considered in making a
questioner
• Understanding and practicing how to do an interview
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What is Questioner
• Questioner is a list of questions proposed in order to get
written answers from responders.
• Since the responders answer the questions in written
and unsupervised, so they may write/ answer the
questions incorrectly.
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The Merits of Questioner
Advantages
• Massive
• Simultaneous
Disadvantages
• Need to validate
• Can not see the gesture
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What is interview ?
• Interview is one of audit procedures conducted by auditors during
audit process
• Interview is an activity in getting information from someone by
proposing verbal questions and expecting answers.
• In an interview there should be at least one interviewer and one
interviewee
• Questions are asked directly by an interviewer to the interviewee, and
the interviewee answer directly the questions
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Types of Interview
• Face to face interview
is an interview conducted in a room where an interviewer and
interviewee meet and do the interview
• The interviewer can hear directly the answers of the interviewee and
also see directly the expression of the interviewee. These are some
of the advantages of face to face interview.
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Types of Interview
• Interview through telephone connection
– Instead of face to face, interview can also be conducted through
telephone connection.
– Interviewer and interviewee do not meet directly in a room, so they will
not get the advantages of a face to face interview.
– The exception is when the telephone connection is furnished with
camera and screen (television).
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Types of Interview
• Interview through internet connection
Instead of face to face and telephone connection, interview
can also be conducted through internet connection.
– Interviewer and interviewee do not meet directly in a room, so they
will not get the advantages of a face to face interview.
– The exception is when the internet connection is furnished with
camera and screen (television).
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The Uses of Interview
Interviews help to obtained:
1.
information that establishes the essential elements of the crime
(problem)
2.
leads for developing cases and gathering other evidence
3.
the cooperation of the victims and witnesses
4.
information on the personal backgrounds and motives of witness
5.
sense of honesty of the interviewees
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The purposes of an Interview
• To get information directly from a source of information
(knowledgeable person).
• Interview (inquiry) is often complementary to performing
other audit procedures.
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Inquiry (Interview) involves
• Considering the knowledge, objectivity, experience, responsibility, and
qualification of the individual to be interviewed
• Asking clear, concise, and relevant questions
• Using open or closed questions appropriately
• Listening actively and effectively
• Considering the reactions and responses and asking follow-up
questions
• Evaluating the response
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The Importance of Interview
• Getting information directly from source of information
• Providing the auditors with information not previously
possessed or with corroborative evidence
• Might provide information that differs significantly from
other evidence the auditor has obtained
• Might confirm an auditor’s understanding or the audit
evidence that the auditor has obtained
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The Functions of Interview
• As a primary method, interview is the only one data
collecting tool used to get information needed
• As a secondary method, interview is the complementary
of methods or tools used to get information needed.
• As a criteria, interview is a tool to check the correctness
of data or information collected.
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The Advantages of Interview
• Feed back can be received promptly,
• Can avoid misunderstanding,
• Can create more conducive environment in
getting information
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Factors needed for
a good interview ?
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Room or location of interview
Time of interview
Length of interview
Atmosphere built up during an interview
Gesture of interviewer and interviewee
Tone of voice sounded by interviewer and interviewee
Perception of interviewer and interviewee
Words used by interviewer and interviewee
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Words or Sentences Used
by interviewer
• Boss
: Where were you born?
Sardar
: India ..
Boss
: which part?
Sardar
: What 'which part'? Whole body
was born in India .
• Sardar were fixing a bomb in a car.
Sardar 1
: What would you do if the bomb
explodes while fixing.
Sardar 2
: Don’t worry, I have one more.
• Sardar
: What is the name of your car?
Lady: I forgot the name, but it starts with 'T'.
Sardar
: Oh, what a strange car, starts with
Tea. All cars that I know start with gas.
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Words or Sentences Used
by interviewer
• Boss
: Where were you born?
Sardar
: India .
Boss
: which part?
Sardar
: What 'which part'? Whole body
was born in India .
• Sardar were fixing a bomb in a car.
Sardar 1
: What would you do if the bomb
explodes while fixing.
Sardar 2
: Don’t worry, I have one more.
• Sardar
: What is the name of your car?
Lady: I forgot the name, but it starts with 'T'.
Sardar
: Oh, what a strange car, starts with
Tea. All cars that I know start with gas.
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Words or Sentences Used
in a Good Interview
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Simple words
Straight to the point
Clear and not multi interpretation
Not using jargon unless necessary
Open-ended questions
Closed questions
Leading questions
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Types of Interviewee
• The friendly interviewee
• Neutral interviewee,
• Hostile interviewee
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Tips in conducting an interview
• Preparation of an Interview
– Define the materials of interview
– Decide the person to be interviewed
– Define the time of interview
– Make interview guidance
• Make opening statement
• Always be positive
• Always be a good listener
• Document the process of interview and its results
• Evaluate the answers
• End the interview
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Evaluating the answers of interviewee
• The Relevance of an answer.
If an answer of interviewee is not relevant to the question, the
interviewer should repeat the same questions by using other
sentences.
• Paraphrasing.
If an answer of an interviewee is unsystematic, the interviewer need
to confirm the answer to ensure he/she has the same understanding
as the interviewee’s.
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Evaluating the answers of interviewee
• Probing.
is a condition where the interviewee has answered the questions
clearly and relevantly, but the interviewer still need to dig up more
information from the interviewee.
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Characteristics of a Good Interview
• Sufficient length and depth to uncover relevant facts
• Focus on pertinent information and quickly steer talk
away from irrelevant information
• End on a positive note
• Conducted as closely as possible to the event in
question
• Objective, fair, and impartial manner
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Exercise
Role play
• Get two students
• One interviews the other
• Topics
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Personal identification
Experience during studying in Binus
Plan of Continuing education
Social life
• Observe the process of interview and make a report.
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