Matakuliah
: V0152 / Hygiene, Keamanan &
Keselamatan
Tahun
: 2009
FOOD DEFENSE
Pertemuan 10
FOOD DEFENSE EVOLUTION
Food defense is the protection of food
products from intentional adulteration/
Contamination
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WHY FOOD DEFENSE IMPORTANT? AND WHY SHOULD TAKE ACTION?
Terrorist attacks can occur during the various stages of the farm to table chain
Which include cultivation of crops, raising livestock, and distributing,
Processing,retailing,transporting,and storing the food product.It is crucial to
Practice food defense during all phases of the farm to table chain to ensure
That food is safe at all times.
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WHY FOOD DEFENSE IMPORTANT? AND WHY SHOULD TAKE ACTION?
Intentional Food Terrorism Incidents
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•
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In 2003,a disgruntled supermarket employee contaminated 200 pounds of
ground beef with a nicotine-based pesticide.This incident caused a reported
92 people become ill.
In 1993,a disgruntled former employee contaminated a tray of doughnuts
and muffins with Shigella dysenteriae Type 2,which caused 12 employees
to suffer severe gastrointestinal illness, and 4 employees to be hospitalized
In 1984,cult members in Oregon added salmonella to several restaurant
salad bar in an attempt to affect the outcome of local elections.This incident
caused 751 illnesses and 45 people had to be hospitalized.
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FOOD SECURITY
Food security is best defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “ The
Implication that all people at all times have both physical and economic access to
Enough food for an active,healthy life.”Internationally,food security is defined as a
2 year supply of food for a particulary country,
Unlike the rest of the world,the United States originally referred to food defense as
Food security.This terminology was shifted only when the U.S. Government realized
That food security was not compatible when the term was used in other parts of the
World.While food security and food defense may be used interchangeably depending
On where you are in the world,the common goal is to prevent the deliberate
Contamination of food and to make sure the food we serve is safe
Unlike food defense ,which is the protection of food products from intentional
Contamination,food safety is the protection of food products from unintentional
Contamination.
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Unintentional Incidents
- In 2003,hepatitis A caused more than 650 confirmed illnesses and 4 deaths in
seven states.All the victims consumed raw or undercooked onions.
- In 1994,Salmonella enteritidis caused 150 confirmed illnesses when the
pasteurized ice cream mix produced at one facility became cross contaminated
- In 1985,Salmonella typhimurium caused more than 16,000 confirmed illnesses
and 17 deaths in six states. All the victims consumed recontaminated
pasteurized milk from milk produced at one dairy plant.
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HOAXES
According to the United States General Accounting Office Resources, Community,
and Economic Development Divison: “Threats of contamination with a biological
agent occur infrequently: From October 1995 through March 1999, federal agencies
reported receiving thre such threats – two of these were hoaxes, and the other is
still an open investigation.” More common are incidents using physical objects to
contaminate food.
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WHY IS FOOD DEFENSE IS IMPORTANT?
Consider the following scenarios that could affect the safety of the food in your
Established :
•You leave the kitchen door open for a long period of time
•You encounter unusual behaviour from customer or a coworker
•You do not check to make sure your deliveries are safe and intact
•There is no designed employee who monitors salad bars and food displays
•Chemicals are stored near the food in your operation
•Chemicals are not properly labeled
•You do not recognize a person who is in your kitchen
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Having an “It Won’t Happen to Me” Attitude Can Be Very Damaging!
It is natural to think that nothing bad will happen to you or in your own work
Place – the “it won’t happen to me” syndrome.
Food terorism can potentially occur when there is:
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Lack of awareness
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Limited budget for food defense measures
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Lack of training
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