2004 CAPSTONE CDR
Team SAFE Members
 Anders Fornberg
 Alejandro Henriquez
 Shannon Lahr
 Aaron Lyons
 Sean Groves
Shannon
Presentation Overview



Project Overview
System Specification
Subsystem Design




Processor & FPGA
Power & Structures
Sensors & Motors
Current Status and Project Goals
Shannon
Project Description
• Modified RC car that can sense an
accident threat and take corrective
action
• Detects and Prevents multiple accidents
• Head on Collisions
• Merging into blind spots
• Backing into Stationary Objects
Shannon
Modes of Operation




3 Modes of operation
1) User has complete control of the RC car.
2) Primary: SAFE System provides audible warning
when an accident is immanent. If corrective action is
not taken than Safe System takes control.
3) When accident is immanent, SAFE System takes
immediate action and assumes control from the user.
Shannon
System Overview
Aaron
Interface Specification
Aaron
Interrupt Type
Aaron
Current Speed
Aaron
Speed Action
Aaron
Turn Action
Aaron
Core Microprocessor
U1
34
33
32
43
45
47
49
44
46
48
50
8
7
17
51
52
26
19
18
3
2
PA0
PA1
PA2
PE0
PE1
PE2
PE3
PE4
PE5
PE6
PE7
XT
EX
RST
VRL
VRH
VDD
IRQ
XIRQ
MODA
MODB
MC68HC11E0
Alex
PA3
PA4
PA5
PA6
PA7
PB0
PB1
PB2
PB3
PB4
PB5
PB6
PB7
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
PC7
PD0
PD1
PD2
PD3
PD4
PD5
AS
R/W
E
31
30
29
28
27
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35

MC68HC11E0

Basic Functionality



9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
20
21
22
23
24
25
4
6
5

Manager
Memory access
Data execution
FPGA IRQ requests


LCD control


Sensors
20x4 DMC-20434N
RS232 Communication

Downloading Data
FPGA
U31
18
19
20
23
24
25
26
27
28
38
39
40
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
62
68
70
15
17
16
75
71
29
51
72
73
35
57
32
30
34

I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
TDI( I/O)
TMS(I/O)
TCK(I/O)
TDO(I/O)
SGCK2(I/O)
SGCK3(I/O)
SGCK4(I/O)DOUT
56
58
59
61
65
67
69
DONE
INIT(I/O)
PROGRAM
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
13
14
MODE
NC
NC

Basic Functionality


Work Horse
Read Sensors
Chip Select





I/O
I/O
36
37
60
66
Interrupt reg.
Speed reg.
Distance reg.
Receive Data from HC11



HDC
LDC(I/O)
Send Interrupts (XIRQ)
Provide HC11 with:

53
41
55
CCLK
PGCK2(I/O)
PGCK3(I/O)
XCS10

(I/O) WS/AO
PGCK4(I/O)A1
(I/O) CS1/A2
(I/O) A3
(I/O) A4
(I/O) A5
(I/O) A6
(I/O) A7
(I/O) A8
(I/O) A9
(I/O) A10
(I/O) A11
(I/O) A12
(I/O) A13
(I/O) A14
SGCK1(I/O)A15
PGCK1(I/O)A16
(I/O) A17
DIN( I/O)
XCS10/LCC
Alex
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
Speed Action reg.
Turn Action reg.
Interrupt car control

Speed Controller

Steering Controller
Alex
Memory Map
Alex
Power
Shannon
Power Continued


20ft tether to power car during testing
3 9V batteries in parallel for expo

150mAh/battery = 450mAh

Expected mAh of project:




Shannon
Board = 100mA
6 Sensors = 180 mA
LCD Screen = 4.5mA
Total = Approximately 300mA
Structures
Shannon
Structures Continued
Shannon
Structures Continued
Shannon
Structures Continued
Shannon
Drive/Steering Motor Control
Anders
Steering Motor Waveform
Amplitude [V]
Pulse Steering Motor Control
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Straight
Full Left
Full Right
Slow Right
Slow Left
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Time [ms]
Pulse Steering Motor Motor
Anders
Burst Rate
20ms
Forward Pulse Width
1.5ms
Max Left
1ms
Max Right
2ms
Slight Left
1.4ms
Slight Right
1.6ms
2.5
3
3.5
Drive Motor Waveform
Amplitude [V]
Pulse Drive Motor Control
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Neutral
Max Forward
Max Reverse
Pulse Drive Motor
0
1
2
Time [ms]
Anders
3
4
Burst Rate
20ms
Neutral PW
1.5ms
Max Forward PW
1ms
Max Reverse PW
2ms
Vmax
4.125
Sensor Package
9 V Sensors
700
Output [mV]
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Distance [inches]
Problems Encountered
•Voltage level would drift for various reason
•Highly Dependent on surface tilt and material
•Non linear output at large distances
•“Sort of” reliable at < 40 inches
•Needed use of op-amp, AC to DC, and A-D converter
Anders
Sensor Package SRF04
Voltage
5v
Current
30mA Typ. 50mA Max
Maximum Range
3m
Minimum Range
3 cm
Densitivity
Detect a 3cm diameter stick at >2 m
Size
1.75”w x .625”h x .5” d
Anders
Sensor Data
Sensor SRF04 at 14 in high
Pulse Width (mSec)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
20
40
60
Distance (inches)
Equation For Linear Section
t=.1461*d+.0144
Anders
80
100
120
Sensor Field
Anders
Current Status
Processor and Memory

ADDR[0:15]
U27
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
U1
34
33
32
Y1
OSC8
OUT
5
43
45
47
49
44
46
48
50
8Mhz
SW2
1
R1
VCC
D1
8
7
U24C
U24B
RESET SWITCH
PA0
PA1
PA2
PE0
PE1
PE2
PE3
PE4
PE5
PE6
PE7
XT
EX
PA3
PA4
PA5
PA6
PA7
PB0
PB1
PB2
PB3
PB4
PB5
PB6
PB7
31
30
29
28
27
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
1
19
VCC
ADDR8
ADDR9
ADDR10
ADDR11
ADDR12
ADDR13
ADDR14
ADDR15
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
DIR
G
MM74HC245A
VCC
20
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
U26
U11B
5
2
6
From Xilinx Page
4
4
6
74HC14
SW TACT-SPST-2
3
74HC14
17
51
52
5
C1
74HC08
26
VCC
DONE
RST
VRL
VRH
VDD
Decoupleing Caps needed
VCC
1K
19
18
3
2
1uF
IRQ
XIRQ
MODA
MODB
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
PC7
PD0
PD1
PD2
PD3
PD4
PD5
AS
R/W
E
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
20
21
22
23
24
25
3
4
7
8
13
14
17
18
11
1
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Q0
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
21
23
24
25
26
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
22
27
20
28
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
OE
WE
CE
VCC
CY62256
VCC
LE
OE
CD74HC373
U23
4
6
5
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
MC68HC11E0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
19
4.7K SIP
20
VCC
ADDR0
ADDR1
ADDR2
ADDR3
ADDR4
ADDR5
ADDR6
ADDR7
2
5
6
9
12
15
16
19
U34
ADDR0
ADDR1
ADDR2
ADDR3
ADDR4
ADDR5
ADDR6
ADDR7
ADDR8
ADDR9
ADDR10
ADDR11
ADDR12
ADDR13
ADDR14
ADDR15
11
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
DATA0
DATA1
DATA2
DATA3
DATA4
DATA5
DATA6
DATA7
DIR
G
MM74HC245A
VCC
10
VCC
74HC14
11
/E
10
74HC14
U37
R15
RES
10
74HC14
VCC
Sean
22
1
20
28
OE
WE
CE
VCC
AT28LV256
I/O0
I/O1
I/O2
I/O3
I/O4
I/O5
I/O6
I/O7
G ND
11
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
14
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
25
24
21
23
2
26
27
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
Processor and Memory

Wired and tested



Serial Port Construction

Sean
Runs Code from EPROM
Fully functional RAM
New clock
Current Status

FPGA and EPROM
U31
18
19
20
23
24
25
26
27
28
38
39
40
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
62
68
70
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
5
6
7
8
VCC
9
10
11
12
13
JTAG Conn.
TDI
TMS
TCK
D4/CFbar
OE/RESETbar
VCC
TD0
D1
D3
D5
18
17
16
15
14
15
17
16
75
D6
CEba r
G ND
D7
CEO bar
TDI
TMS
TCK
TDO
VCC
GND
CLK
D2
Data (DO )
V CCO
V CC
U29
3
2
1
19
20
VCC33
VCC
VCC
71
XC18V256
29
51
72
300 ohm
4.7K
73
35
57
32
30
34
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
TDI(I/O)
TMS( I/O)
TCK( I/O)
TDO( I/O)
(I/O)WS/AO
PGCK4(I/O)A1
(I/O)CS1/A2
(I/O)A3
(I/O)A4
(I/O)A5
(I/O)A6
(I/O)A7
(I/O)A8
(I/O)A9
(I/O)A10
(I/O)A11
(I/O)A12
(I/O)A13
(I/O)A14
SGCK1(I/O)A15
PGCK1(I/O)A16
(I/O)A17
DIN(I/O)
SGCK2(I/O)
SGCK3(I/O)
SGCK4(I/O)DOUT
DONE
INIT(I/O)
PROGRAM
56
58
59
61
65
67
69
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
13
14
53
41
55
CCLK
PGCK2(I/O)
PGCK3(I/O)
MODE
NC
NC
XCS10/LCC
Sean
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
HDC
LDC( I/O)
I/O
I/O
36
37
60
66
DONE
To processor and memory page
FPGA and EPROM
Sean
1
1
1
0
1
0
Problems Encountered







Sean
Learning Curve
Wire-wrap Issues
B-scan for FPGA
Xilinx project navigator link to Impact
Power-Ground Short
Inaccurate Part Specifications
Labeling
Division of Labor
•Aaron Lyons
•Software Development
•Core Microprocessor
•RC Car Test & Modification
•Alex Henriquez
•Core Microprocessor
•Software Development
•Sensors
•Anders Fornberg
•Sensors
•RC Car Test
Sean
•Motor Control
• Sean Groves
• Power
• Core Microprocessor
• Motor Control
• Shannon Lahr
• Motor Control
• Power
• RC Car Test
• Everyone
• Documentation
• Project/Deadline
Management
Lead for the task
Milestone 1





Sean
FPGA control of drive/steering and Chip
Select
Sampling from Sensors
Interrupt Controller
Dip Switches
RS232 Communication
Milestone 2






Sean
Boot Monitor
LCD Implementation
Mounting Specifications
LED/Audio Integration
Subsystem Integration
Multiple Mode Operation
Future Concerns




Sean
Physical limitations that software can
not cope with
Tracking Speed of Sensors
Board integrity during testing
Low Speed Response
Project Schedule
Scheduale
Sean
Parts List/Cost Estimate
Main Board
Description
Price
Quantity
Total
-Processor
MC68HC11
$0
1
$0
-EPROM
-FPGA
Fairchild 27C512
Spartan XCS10
$0
$0
1
2
$0
$0
$0
$25
$0.20
1
1
10
$0
$25
$2
$35
6
$210
-RAM
Cypress 62258
-Board
-Plastic Standoffs
Sensors
Front, Back, Side, Angle Devantech SRF04 Ranger
Other Parts
-RC Car
Rustler by Traxxas
$165
1
$165
-Battery Charger
AC/DC Charger
$40
1
$40
-Battery
7.2V Battery
$15
2
$30
-Battery
9 V Battery
$3
8
$24
-Plexi Glass
$5
10 x 12
$5
-Metal
$10
10 x 12
$10
-Metal Standoffs
-Tether
$1.70
~$.10/ft
20
40ft
$34.00
$4
Total
Sean
$548.60
QUESTIONS???