I. Course Number: Course Title: College: Semester: Room: II. Instructor & Contact Info: Dr. Reta Ugena Whitlock KH 2310 Preferred Contact: Email address: rwhitlo3@kennesaw.edu WEBSITE: http://ksuweb.kennesaw.edu/~rwhitlo3/ Phone: 678-797-2249 Fax: 770-420-4334 Office Hours: Tuesday & Thursday, 12:30-1:30 III. Class Meeting Time: Tuesday, 5-7:45 PM IV. Texts: Required: EDAD 8100/01 Curriculum Theory & Development Bagwell College of Education Spring 2007 KH 1106 1. Wiles, J. & Bondi, J. (2007). Curriculum development: A guide to practice. NJ: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall. 2. Hooks, b. (2003). Teaching to transgress: Education as the practice of freedom. . NY: Routledge. V. VI. 3. Pinar, W. (2004). What is Curriculum Theory? NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 4. Dewey, J. (1997). Experience and Education. NY: The Free Press. Catalog Course Description: EDUC 8XXX. 3-0-3. Prerequisite: Admission to Doctoral Program. This course is designed for students of curriculum theory, development, and design/planning. It provides an in-depth study of the foundations, principles, and issues of curriculum as they affect teachers, supervisors, and administrators who participate in curriculum making. The course consists of two major components: curriculum theory, which is an interdisciplinary study of philosophical, historical, psychological, social, and cultural foundations of curriculum; and curriculum development, which examines various models of curriculum as processes that have emerged and continue to shape education and schooling. Purpose and Rationale: 1 KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITY’S CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: Collaborative development of expertise in teaching and learning The Professional Teacher Education Unit (PTEU) at Kennesaw State University is committed to developing expertise among candidates in initial and advanced programs as teachers and leaders who possess the capability, intent and expertise to facilitate high levels of learning in all of their students through effective, research-based practices in classroom instruction, and who enhance the structures that support all learning. To that end, the PTEU fosters the development of candidates as they progress through stages of growth from novice to proficient to expert and leader. Within the PTEU conceptual framework, expertise is viewed as a process of continued development, not an end-state. To be effective, teachers and educational leaders must embrace the notion that teaching and learning are entwined and that only through the implementation of validated practices can all students construct meaning and reach high levels of learning. In that way, candidates at the doctoral level leaders for learning and facilitators of the teaching and learning process. Finally, the PTEU recognizes, values and demonstrates collaborative practices across the college and university and extends collaboration to the community-at-large. Through this collaboration with professionals in the university, the public and private schools, parents and other professional partners, the PTEU meets the ultimate goal of assisting Georgia schools in bringing all students to high levels of learning. Knowledge Base Teacher development is generally recognized as a continuum that includes four phases: preservice, induction, inservice, renewal (Odell, Huling, and Sweeny, 2000). Just as Sternberg (1996) believes that the concept of expertise is central to analyzing the teaching-learning process, the teacher education faculty at KSU believe that the concept of expertise is central to preparing effective classroom teachers and teacher leaders. Researchers describe how during the continuum phases teachers progress from being Novices learning to survive in classrooms toward becoming Experts who have achieved elegance in their teaching. We, like Sternberg (1998), believe that expertise is not an endstate but a process of continued development. Use of Technology : Technology Standards for Educators are required by the Professional Standards Commission. Telecommunication and information technologies will be integrated throughout the master teacher preparation program, and all candidates must be able to use technology to improve student learning and meet Georgia Technology Standards for Educators. During the courses, candidates will be provided with opportunities to explore and use instructional media. They will master use of productivity tools, such as multimedia facilities, local-net and Internet, and feel confident to design multimedia instructional materials, and create WWW resources. Rationale for Course Curriculum as a field of study is both complex and diverse with multiple perspectives and approaches. This course will approach curriculum study by looking at curriculum not as a technical document, but as a social process. The course will introduce various theoretical and development discourses in the field of curriculum and the representative works of several influential theorists and individuals instrumental in the development of curriculum models. It is an introduction, by no means complete. The study of curriculum continually undergoes change; students are expected to acquire a working knowledge of contemporary curriculum thought, its historical antecedents, and be able to articulate a position, however temporary, where they find themselves within the field. The curriculum theory component of the course explores theory as a field of scholarly inquiry that endeavors to understand curriculum across the academic disciplines. Students will focus especially upon interdisciplinary themes, as well as the relations among curriculum, the individual, and society, in order to understand the overall educational significance of the curriculum. The scope of curriculum development will include traditional and common approaches to the field, i.e., the study of how curriculum is planned, implemented, and evaluated, along with the people, processes, and procedures involved in its construction. VII. Course Objectives: The objectives of this course are consistent with the Bagwell College of Education KSDs for Doctoral Candidates. Students will be able to: Course objective Doctoral NBPTS PSC/NCATE KSDs Core Standard Proposition Analyze and evaluate issues, historical perspectives and 1A, 1B, 1C, 5 1.1 2 current political and cultural influences in curriculum theory and development 2A Analyze and evaluate functions, purposes, history and organization of schools and schooling, as well as issues associated with the process of school reform and current affairs in education 1B, 2A, 4D, 4E, 5A, 6B 1, 2 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.7 Identify classroom or school-wide practices/products/processes in need of differentiation and suggest effective, appropriate means of meeting the needs of all students based on effective elements of curriculum development and design Synthesize and evaluate current research on a specific educational issue related to curriculum theory and development as they inform teaching and learning. Examine social, political, cultural, and psychological factors of curriculum theory and development and their implications for influencing teaching and learning Analyze one’s impact on student learning in diverse classrooms and schools and make suggestions for enhancement and/or improvement. Understand the impact of classroom and school climate on learning and work with colleagues to positively impact that environment 6B, 6C, 6D 1, 2, 3 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.7 1A, 1B, 1C 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 1.1 1, 2B, 2D, 2E, 3A, 3B, 3C, 5 1,4 1.3, 1.4, 1.7 3, 4A, 4B, 4D, 4E, 4F, 5C, 5E, 6 22, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4E, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6D 4A, 4C, 4D, 4E, 4F 1,2,3,4 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.7 1,2,3 1.3, 1.4, 1.7 1,3 1.4, 1.6, 1.7 1C, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 4A 1,2,3,4 1.3, 1.4 1A, 1B, 1C, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2E, 4A 1A, 1B, 1C, 4A, 4C, 4D 4,5 1.4, 1.6, 1.7 4,5 1.4, 1.6 Plan, implement and evaluate instruction which incorporates a variety of learning theories and assessment techniques Document one’s involvement in school, district and community activities beyond one’s own classroom which are designed to positively impact student learning and identify areas for additional involvement. Collaborate with peers and colleagues in evaluating teaching practices and leadership activities in schools. Conduct an analysis of current teaching practices in schools and using research based best practice, either justify maintaining current practice OR propose changes which are consistent with research based best practices. VII. Course Requirements and Assignments 1. Research Paper: This paper is designed so that students can focus on a particular strand, aspect, or issue of curriculum theory and/or development. This might entail critiquing a book from a theoretical perspective, developing specifically the implications of the book for classroom practice or situating the book within a particular current contemporary educational reform, movement or problem. In other words, this assignment should allow the doctoral student to focus in depth on a particular issue; the student is expected to research other works to help develop ideas. The length of the paper is 12-15 pages, double-spaced with a reference page that is formatted in APA style. There must be 10 sources listed on the reference page. Each of these sources should be used in a significant way in the body of the paper. It is critical that the student 3 choose credible and sterling sources to write this assignment. The student will access Galileo in order to gather materials from academic journals and books. Further guidelines will be discussed. 2. Reflective Writing on Reading Assignments, Including Blogging: Students will periodically be assigned reflective papers on assigned readings in which they will review/reflect upon salient points of the work and the particular curricular perspective which it embodies. Papers will be short, double-spaced, regular font, with exact number of pages TBA. This assignment is designed to help the student develop concise and lucid writing. Students will periodically be expected to respond to blog entries—Dr. Whitlock’s blog, http://edprofessor.blogspot.com/, for example. The following is a list of education blogs through which you may browse and write a response: http://www.spunkyhomeschool.blogspot.com/; http://publiceducationdefender.blogspot.com/; http://edspresso.com/; http://eduwonk.com/. The last blog has a long list of blogs at the bottom of the page on the left. You may choose one of those to read. Blog responses will be informal, yet reflective comments in which you can share insights on issues in curriculum and pedagogy. 3. Book Talks: Students will conduct small group discussions about assigned readings salient to curriculum theory and development. 4. Field Experience: Students of curriculum theory should be able to take their knowledge of curriculum theory and apply it to practical situations. Thus, EDUC 8100 students will be expected to investigate the curriculum at a school of their choice. They will interview teachers, curriculum specialists, and/or administrators to learn more about the development of the school’s curriculum; identifying the social constructs, either explicit or implied. They will then align the curriculum to theory and to the Georgia Performance Standards, making suggestions as necessary to provide a standards-based curriculum that is also theoretically grounded. 5. Small Group Presentations: Students are required to participate in at least one small group presentation, which will focus on presenting a contemporary curricular discourse. The presentation should focus on how this particular perspective of curriculum makes sense of the world. What are the major ideas, what major thinkers or works does this perspective draw on, who are its major proponents and how have they helped us to see the world differently. These presentations are expected to be creative, interactive and engaging. Handouts with major ideas, bibliographies, biographies, etc. are most welcome. 6. Attendance and Participation: Students are expected to take an active role in generating class discussions. To this end, students are expected to come to class having read the course material thoroughly. What this means is that students should be able to distinguish among the major themes or issues raised in each reading; identify concepts and vocabulary that are unfamiliar or confusing; articulate the significant contributions and/or shortcomings of the particular readings. If you cannot attend class, please contact the professor prior to class. Assignments are due on date assigned. All written assignments must be typed in 12 point font with standard margins. Work that is unedited or presented with little thought or planning will not be accepted. IX. Policies Diversity: A variety of materials and instructional strategies will be employed to meet the needs of the different learning styles of diverse learners in class. Candidates will gain knowledge as well as an understanding of differentiated strategies and curricula for providing effective instruction and assessment within multicultural classrooms. One element of course work is raising candidate awareness of critical multicultural issues. A second element is to cause candidates to explore how multiple attributes of multicultural populations influence decisions in employing specific methods and materials for every student. Among these attributes are age, disability, ethnicity, family structure, gender, geographic region, giftedness, language, race, religion, sexual orientation, and 4 socioeconomic status. An emphasis on cognitive style differences provides a background for the consideration of cultural context. (Confessions Assignment) Kennesaw State University provides program accessibility and accommodations for persons defined as disabled under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 or the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. A number of services are available to support students with disabilities within their academic program. In order to make arrangements for special services, students must visit the Office of Disabled Student Support Services (ext. 6443) and develop an individual assistance plan. In some cases, certification of disability is required. Please be aware there are other support/mentor groups on the campus of Kennesaw State University that address each of the multicultural variables outlined above. Professionalism- Academic Honesty: KSU expects that graduate students will pursue their academic programs in an ethical, professional manner. Faculty of the Ed.D. in Adolescent Education program abide by the policies and guidelines established by the university in their expectations for candidates’ work. Candidates are responsible for knowing and adhering to the guidelines of academic honesty as stated in the graduate catalog. Any candidate who is found to have violated these guidelines will be subject to disciplinary action consistent with university policy. For example, plagiarism or other violations of the University’s Academic Honesty policies could result in a grade of “F” in the course and a formal hearing before the Judiciary Committee. Professionalism- Participation, and Attendance: Part of your success in this class is related to your ability to provide peer reviews and feedback to your editing groups regarding their research and their writing. Furthermore, responding effectively and appropriately to feedback from your peers and the professor is another measure of one’s professionalism. In addition, since each class meeting represents a week of instruction/learning, failure to attend class will likely impact your performance on assignments and final exams. Please be prepared with all readings completed prior to class. We depend on one another to ask pertinent and insightful questions. Course Calendar Date Week 1: Jan 9 Week 2: Jan 16 Topic Introduction: Re-Thinking Curriculum Schools & Schooling Week 3: Jan 23 Week 4: Jan 30 Week 5: Feb 6 Contextualizing Curriculum Classroom Activities Discuss syllabus, course expectations; What is curriculum? Preview Wiles & Bondi Chapter 1: Historical perspectives & current political/cultural influences; discussion of leadership/leadership for learning; Explore education blogs. Functions, purposes, history, & org. of schools (Dewey); Discussion, group activity Readings Due Note: In addition to required texts, articles from professional journals may be assigned periodically. Assignment Due Dewey Blog Response The process of school reform: issues & challenges; Current affairs in education; Discussion, Lab activity Myths, historical perspectives, origins; Curriculum & Ideology; Tyler Rationale; Lecture, discussion Teaching for Community: A Curriculum of Hope; Discussion, Dewey Reflection on Dewey Apple selection; Tyler selection Blog Response hooks Reflection on hooks 5 Week 6: Feb 13 Week 7: Feb 20 Week 8: Feb 27 Curriculum Theory: Reconceptualizing Curriculum Lab: Work on Research Project Curriculum Theory Week 9: March 6 Week 10: March 13 Spring Break Week 11: March 20 Week 12: March 27 Week 13: April 3 Week 14: April 10 Curriculum Development Curriculum Development Curriculum Development Whitlock Conference Week 15: April 17 Curriculum in the 21st Century: Putting it all together Week 16: April 24 Curriculum Theory Last Day of Class Book Talk “The Mis-education of the American Public” & “Autobiography: A Revolutionary Act” Pinar, Part 1 Field Experience Due Curriculum & Place: Racial & gendered text; Discussion Last day to withdraw without academic penalty Pinar, Part 2 Reflection on Pinar “The Analytic Moment: Antiintellectualism and Complicated Comversation”; “The Synthetical Moment: Self-mobilization and Social Reconstruction” Classroom lab activity; Explain Group Presentations Pinar, Part 4 Reflection on Pinar TBA TBA Research Paper Revision Lab—In Class Work on Research; Complete Curriculum Development Assignment Wrap up of Curriculum Theory & Development: Leadership for Learning Group Presentations on Curriculum Theory and Development Research Discussions Curriculum Development Assignment Due Research Papers Due X. References and additional readings CLASSICS APPLE, M., IDEOLOGY & CURRICULUM. NEW YORK: ROUTLEDGE. AUSUBEL, D. (1968). EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: A COGNITIVE VIEW. NY: HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON. Bandura, A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: 6 Prentice-Hall. Bruner, J. (1960). The Process of Education. NY: Random House. Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and Education. NY: MacMillan. Dewey, J. (1997). Experience and Education. NY: The Free Press. Dewey, J., School & Society/The Child and the Curriculum. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Gagne, E. (1985). The Cognitive Psychology of School Learning. Boston: Little Brown and Co. Gagne, R. M. (1985). The Conditions of Learning. Fort Worth: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Hooks, b. (2003). Teaching community: A pedagogy of hope. NY: Routledge. Hooks, b. (1994). Teaching to transgress: Education as the practice of freedom. NY: Routledge. Piaget, J. (1952). The Origins of Human Intelligence. NY: International Universities Press. Pinar, W., Reynolds, W., Slattery, P., and Taubman, P. (1996). Understanding Curriculum. New York: Peter Lang. Schunk, D. H. (2004) Learning Theories: An Educational Perspective. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Skinner, B.F. (1954). The science of learning and the art of teaching. Harvard Educational Review, 24, 86-97. Thorndike, R.L. & Hagen, E. (1961). Measurement and Evaluation in Psychology and Education. (2nd ed.). NY: John Wiley and Sons. Tyler, R.W., Basic Principles of Curriculum. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Others Daniels, H. & Bizar, M. (1998) Methods That Matter: Six Structures for Best Practice Classrooms. York, ME: Stenhouse Publishers. Gardner, H. (1991). The Unschooled Mind. NY: Basic Books. George, P.S., McEwin, C. K., & Jenkins, J. M. (2000) The Exemplary High School. Orlando, FL: Harcourt College Publishers. Grant, C.A. (1994). Best practices in teacher preparation for urban schools: Lessons from the multicultural teacher education literature. Action in Teacher Education, 16(3), 1-18. Herman, J.H., Aschbacher, P.R., & Winters, L. (1992). A Practical Guide to Alternative Assessment. Alexandria, VA: ASCD. Kubiszyn, T., & Borich, G. (1993). Educational Testing and Measurement. (4th ed.)., NY: Harper Collins. Payne, D.A. (1992). Measuring and Evaluating Educational Outcomes. NY: Merrill. 7 Shulman, L. (1999). Taking learning seriously. Change. July/August. 11-17. Slattery, P. (1995). Curriculum Development in the Postmodern Era. New York: Garland Publishing. Stiggins, R.J. & Conklin, N.F. (1992). In Teacher’s Hands: Investigating the Practices of Classroom Assessment. Albany, NY: State University of the New York Press. White, R. & Gunstone, M. R. (1992). Probing Understanding. London: Falmer Press. 8