Matakuliah
Tahun
: L0182 / Web & Animation Design
: 2008
Video
Pertemuan 03
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan
mampu :
• Menunjukkan penggunaan Video pada Aplikasi
Multimedia
Bina Nusantara
Outline Materi
•
•
•
•
•
•
Definition
Analog Video
Digital Video
Broadcast Video Standards
Compression
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Video
Bina Nusantara
Video
• Video is a sequence of photographs projected onto a
screen with sufficient rapidity as to create the illusion of
motion and continuity.
• Different kind of movies :
– Analog video
– Digital video
Bina Nusantara
Analog Video
• Analog video is the process of taking an audio or video
signal (the human voice) and translating it into electronic
pulses.
• Video information that is stored using television video
signals, film, videotape or other non-computer media.
• Problems:
–
–
–
–
Bina Nusantara
Colour blending
Low clarity
Difficult to edit
Offer consumers slow access and limited control in how the
product is presented.
Digital Video
• Digital video is breaking the signal into a binary format
where the audio or video data is represented by a series
of "1"s and "0"s.
• With their data stored on optical discs or comparable
media, digital movies can offer a high degree of control
to consumers. Digital movies can be readily searched,
manipulated, and reformed by the consumer.
• A high degree of interactivity between the product and
the user becomes possible.
Bina Nusantara
Analog and Digital Video
• Conversion from analog to digital format requires the use
on an ADC (Analogue to Digital Converter)
• A Digital to Analogue Converter (DAC) can be used to
output digital video on analog equipment
Bina Nusantara
Analog and Digital Video Editing
• Analogue video editing is a linear process
– To find the section you want, you may have to forward or rewind
the video tape
– To move a section to another place in the sequence you have to
either re-record the section onto another tape or physically cut
and splice the video tape
• Digital video editing can be non-linear process
– You can move sections around inside the computer and play
those sections back in any order
Bina Nusantara
Broadcast Video Standards
• NTSC
– United States, Canada,
Mexico, Japan
– 525 interlaced resolution
lines
– 30 frames per second (fps)
• SECAM
– France, Eastern Europe
– 625 interlaced resolution
lines
– 25 frames per second (fps)
Bina Nusantara
• PAL
– United Kingdom, Western
Europe, Australia, South
Africa
– 625 interlaced resolution lines
– 25 frames per second (fps)
• HDTV
– Six different formats
– Aspect ratio is 16:9
The Difference Between VGA and HDTV Aspect Ratios
Bina Nusantara
Digital Video File Formats
• .MOV signifies Quicktime, an Apple standard. It is playable on
Macintosh and Windows machines.
• .AVI is a Microsoft standard that is playable on Windows and
Macintosh machines.
• .MPEG (.MPG) is playable on Unix and Windows machines.
Macintoshes can play MPEG, but may have trouble with the audio
track.
• .RM files are used by RealNetworks streaming. They are playable
on Windows, MacOS, and Unix computers.
• .ASF files are a Microsoft streaming format, and play on Windows,
MacOS, and Solaris.
• .WMV files are a Microsoft format used in Microsoft MovieMaker
Bina Nusantara
Compression
• Compression is a reversible conversion of data to a format that
requires fewer bits, usually performed so that the data can be stored
or transmitted more efficiently.
• Compressed data, like the folded letter, is not easily read and must
first be decompressed, or unfolded, to restore it to its original form.
• The greater the redundancy within the data, the more successful the
compression of the data is likely to be. Fortunately, digital video
contains a great deal of redundancy and thus is very suitable for
compression.
• A device (software or hardware) that compresses data is often know
as an encoder or coder.
• A device that decompresses data is known as a decoder.
• A device that acts as both a coder and decoder is known as a
codec.
Bina Nusantara
Compression
Bina Nusantara
Tips for Creating Digital Video
• High quality Tape and VCR
– minimize noise
• Use a tripod
– minimize jitter
• Minimize movement
• Avoid plain or very complex backgrounds
– Plain tends to chunkiness
– Very complex is difficult to compress
Bina Nusantara
How Video Can Be Used Effectively
• Showing physical procedures. Some uses are :
– Installing a board in a PC
– Adjusting engine timing
• Attracting and holding attention. Some uses are :
– Advertising products and services
– Teaching new skills to busy employees
• Presenting scenarios. Some uses are :
– Training technicians to respond to equipment malfunctions
– Demonstrating possible uses for a product
• Analyzing motion. Some uses are :
– Body motion to improve athletic performance
– Traffic patterns for transportation planning
Bina Nusantara
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Video
• Carefully planned, well-executed video clips can make a
dramatic difference in a multimedia project
• Video adds visual impact to multimedia applications :
– Advantages
•
•
•
•
Captures interest
Increase retention
Clarifies complex physical actions and relationships
Can incorporate other media
– Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
Bina Nusantara
Is expensive to produce
Requires extensive memory and storage
Requires special equipment
Does not effectively illustrate abstract concepts and static situations