Laboratory
Safety
Training for
Non-PI’s
By: Kyle Schlarman
Phone: (419) 372-2173
Email: kschlar@bgsu.edu
Environmental Safety & Health Specialist
Bowling Green State University
OSHA → Public Employees Risk Reduction Act
29 CFR 1910.1450
Occupational Exposures to Hazardous
Chemicals in Laboratories
• Focuses on the development of a Chemical
Hygiene Plan, which sets forth procedures,
equipment, personal protection, and work
practices that are capable of protecting
employees from the health hazards
presented by hazardous chemicals in
laboratories.
“Due to graphic nature, viewer
discretion is advised!”
Laboratory Incidents

Biological
Biological Agents

Physical
Explosion
Electricity
Fire

Chemical
Flammables
Acids/Bases
Particularly Hazardous Substances
PART
The BGSU Chemical Hygiene Plan
A
copy shall be
kept in each lab at
all times
Appendices to the CHP
A – Specific Procedure Hazard
Assessment Guidelines
B – Personal Protective Equipment
C – Written copy of OSHA Standard 29
CFR 1910.1450
D – Gives an area for MSDS’s to be
placed
E – Acceptable Chemical Storage
Guidelines
Responsibilities:
Department
Principal
Chair
Investigator
Laboratory
Employees
(graduate students, post
docs, etc.)
Chemical
Hygiene Officer
Environmental
Health and
Safety Department
Your Responsibilities
1)
Follow safety procedures.
2)
Report any unsafe condition, accident, or injury to the
person responsible for the laboratory (the Principal
Investigator).
Particularly Hazardous
Substances (PHS)
•
Select Carcinogens
•
Reproductive Toxins
•
Substances with a high degree of acute toxicity
PHS Procedures
Steps to taken when working with PHS’s:
• Establishment of a designated area of use;
• Use of containment devices such as laboratory
fume hoods or glove boxes;
• Acceptable plans for safe removal of waste;
• Establishment of procedures for
decontamination of material, area, and workers
that contact the substance; and
• Wear appropriate protective clothing, including
laboratory coats or aprons, when using these
chemicals.
“Select Carcinogens” means any substance which
meets one of the following criteria:
(i)
It is regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen; or
(ii) It is listed under the category, "known to be a carcinogen," in the Annual
Report on Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program
(NTP)(latest edition); or
(iii) It is listed under Group 1 ("carcinogenic to humans") by the International
Agency for research on Cancer Monographs (IARC)(latest editions); or
(iv) It is listed as either Group 2A or 2B by IARC or under the category,
"reasonably anticipated to be carcinogenic" by NTP, and causes statistically
significant tumor incidence in experimental animals in accordance with any
of the following criteria:
(A) After inhalation exposure of 6-7 hours per day, 5 days per week, for a
significant portion of a lifetime to dosages of less than 10 mg/m3;
(B) After repeated skin application of less than 300 mg/kg of body weight
per week; or
(C) After oral dosages of less than 50 mg/kg of body weight per day.
Examples of Select Carcinogens (Tab 3)
Acetaldehyde
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Aflatoxins
4-Aminobiphenyl
Arsenic & certain arsenic compounds
Azathioprine
Barium chromate
Benzene
Benzidine
Bis(chloromethyl)ether
1,4-Butanediol dimethylsulfonate
(myleran)
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorambucil
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chromium & certain chromium compounds
Cyclophosphamide
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine (and its
salts)
Diethylstilbestrol
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
Dimethyl sulfate
1,4-Dioxane
Ethyl carbamate (urethane)
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene oxide
Ethylenimine
Formaldehyde
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hydrazine
Melphalan
4,4’-Methylene-bis[2chloroaniline]
-Naphthylamine
-Naphthylamine
Nickel carbonyl
4-Nitrobiphenyl
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
-Propiolactone
Styrene
Thioacetamide
Thorium dioxide
Treosulfan
Vinyl chloride
Reproductive Toxins
•
Chemicals that affect the
reproductive system,
including chromosomal
damage (mutations) and
effects on fetuses
(teratogenesis).
•
Sources of information
- State of California’s Safe
Drinking Water & Toxic
Enforcement Act
(Proposition 65)
- MSDS
Examples of Reproductive Toxins
• Arsenic & certain arsenic compounds
• Ethylene oxide
• Benzene
• Lead compounds
• Cadmium & certain cadmium compounds
• Mercury compounds
• Carbon disulfide
• Toluene
• Ethidium bromide
• Vinyl chloride
• Ethylene glycol monomethyl & ethyl ethers
• Xylene
A
completed SOP
Standard Operating Procedure for
____________________________________
Principle Investigator: ________________ Building: ________________ Room: _____
for Acrylamide can
For applications using __________________________, the material must be handled
according to BGSU’s General Standard Operating Procedures and these additional
procedures:
be found in the
Major Hazard
Laboratory Safety
& Health document.
EHS
is available
Process
Personal Protective Equipment
Designated Area for Use and Containment Devices
All _____________________________ work shall be done in the laboratory fume hood. The
fume hood’s sash must be in the position where a face velocity of 100 feet per minute is achieved.
Use laboratory fume hood ______________________.
Special Handling Procedures and Storage Requirements
to assist.
Decontamination of Equipment and Area
Removal of Waste
Excess __________________________ and all waste material containing ______________ must
be placed in a glass container labeled with the following "______________________." Full
containers of waste must be manifested and disposed of according to BGSU’s Hazardous Waste
Program.
Spill and Accident Procedures
In the event of a spill, immediately vacate and secure the area. Contact Environmental Health &
Safety at 372-2171 and ______________________________ (the immediate supervisor).
Laboratory
Specific SOPs
• When working with
chemicals that are
hazardous and the
safety procedures are
not adequately
addressed in the
Standard Operating
Procedures, it is the
responsibility of the
Principle Investigator to
develop safe
procedures for specific
chemicals and
processes.
Laboratory Evaluations
• Review the results
of safety
evaluations and
take corrective
actions.
• Report all safety
deficiencies to the
Principal
Investigator.
PART
BGSU - Standard
Laboratory Procedures
• Work practices and procedures that will
reduce/eliminate exposures to chemicals.
• All laboratories at BGSU must follow these
procedures.
• A complete list of ‘Standard Laboratory
Procedures’ can be found on pages 36, 37,
and 38 in the ‘Laboratory Safety & Health’
document.
Injury/Illness Reporting
Personal Attire:
•
Closed toe shoes in
laboratories
– NO SANDALS
•
Do not wear porous or
absorbent watch straps
in laboratories
•
Avoid excessively loose
or baggy attire, which
may include loose
sleeves, long neck ties,
long unrestrained hair,
and hanging jewelry.
Personal Hygiene
• Do not eat or drink in the
lab.
• Do not apply cosmetics
in the lab.
• Avoid skin contact with
chemicals.
Personal Hygiene
• No food in refrigerators
that are used for
chemical storage
• Do not apply cosmetics
in the lab
• Wash hands often
while in the lab and
thoroughly before
leaving.
Chemical Handling
Never
smell or taste chemicals.
Always
Never
assume a chemical is hazardous.
use chipped or broken glassware.
Always
place chemicals back from the edge of
shelves, tables, or benches.
Use
only the amount needed.
Waste
chemicals will be handled in accordance with
the University’s Hazardous Waste Program.
KEEP
WORK AREA CLEAR AND UNCLUTTERED.
Eye Protection
•
•
•
•
Safety goggles must be
worn while engaged in
laboratory activities that
involve use of liquid
chemicals injurious to the
eyes.
Safety glasses with side
shields only protect
against particles.
The use of face shields
are required when there
is the potential of large
splashes with corrosive
chemicals.
Contact lenses shall not
be worn in laboratories.
Lab Coats
•
Clothing items made with synthetic fabrics will melt in
heat or fire causing severe burns. Lab coats are
generally made of cotton or specialized fabrics that will
not melt.
•
If a chemical splashes onto your lab coat or your coat
catches on fire – you can easily take the coat off. It is
more difficult to remove contaminated clothing.
•
Lab coats protect your skin from spills and splashes that
may occur during regular laboratory exercises.
•
Lab coats protect your street clothes from dirt and nonobvious contamination in the lab.
Gloves
• Wear appropriate
gloves whenever
using particularly
hazardous
substances or
chemicals with
significant skin
damaging or skin
absorbing potential.
Penetration- the bulk flow of chemical
through tears, rips, pinholes, and other
damage through the glove material.
Permeation – the diffusion of a
chemical on a molecular basis through
chemical protective clothing.
Degradation- the change in physical
properties of protective material as a
result of adverse effects of chemical.
Gloves
Selection
charts
available in lab
supply
catalogs
-Fisher
Scientific
-Lab Safety
Supply
Selection
guidelines
may also be
found in
MSDSs
Respiratory
Protection
Respirators shall not be
used unless approved by
Environmental Health and
Safety.
Fume Hood Components
Airfoil: streamlines airflow
into hood to help prevent
turbulent eddies
Baffles: help keep a
uniform airflow across the
face of the hood
Sash: closes/opens hood
Work Surface: set-up all
work at least 6” from the
airfoil
Laboratory
Hoods
•Keep
hoods free of
clutter.
•Do
not use hoods for
general chemical
storage.
•Position
gas phase or
particle generating
sources well within hood.
•Align
sash at arrow
when working in the
hood.
Do not use fume hoods as
storage cabinets.
Large containers or equipment,
such as shaker tables, water
baths, or numerous chemical
containers will interfere with
airflow inside the chemical fume
hood by causing reverse flows
and dead spots. These dead
spots may allow contaminants
to escape from the hood.
Placing large equipment on legs
or blocks will help reduce a
reverse airflow by allowing air to
circulate beneath the
equipment.
Option:
Taping tissue to
the fume hood
sash will provide
a visual
indication of air
flow.
It’s important not to
block fume hood air
flow.
When large
equipment needs to
be placed in a fume
hood, place
equipment on blocks
or racking to allow air
flow under the
equipment.
Improper
placement of
beta radiation
shields can
block airflow
and
significantly
reduce the
effectiveness
of the fume
hood.
Emergency Eyewash and
Shower Units
- Never
store
anything in front of
eyewash/shower
units.
- Make sure you
know where the
eyewash/shower
unit is in lab and
how it works.
Accidental Splash Procedure
If someone gets a chemical in their
eye or on their skin they should
follow this procedure:
1.
Get to the eyewash/shower unit quickly. Your
vision may be impaired so get help if needed.
2.
When you get to the eyewash/shower unit, start
flushing your eyes and/or skin immediately. You
may need help holding your eyelids back so the
water makes good contact with your eyes. If the
spill occurred on your skin, remove your clothing
as quickly as possible to reduce the contact time
of the chemical on your skin.
3.
Continue washing for 15 minutes.
4.
While washing, have someone contact 911.
Near Miss Accident Reporting
•An
incident that could have resulted in an injury, death,
pollution, damaged equipment.
•The
EH&S department ask that near misses be reported.
• A near miss can be viewed as a learning
opportunity.
• Our department will likely perform a evaluation
of the near miss. Nobody will go to jail for
reporting what happened.
Electrical
- Always make sure
electrical equipment is
properly grounded
-
Never remove the
grounding prong on a
three-prong electrical plug.
- Never modify a threeprong plug to use in a twoprong outlet.
Sharps
Dispose
of sharps in
approved sharps containers.
Never recap needles.
Sharps containers
should be disposed of
when they are ¾ full.
Dispose
of broken glass and
other sharps in appropriately
labeled containers.
Broken glass
receptacles will be
installed in laboratories.
Chemical Storage
• Only authorized
individuals should have
access to chemicals.
• Segregate incompatible
materials to prevent
contact with one another.
Chemical Storage: Example Storage Pattern
ChemAlert* Storage Codes
Flammable. Store in area segregated for flammable reagents.
RED (R)
BLUE (B)
YELLOW (Y)
Health Hazard. Toxic if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through
Skin. Store in secure area.
Reactive and Oxidizing Reagents. May react violently with
air, water, or other substances. Store away from flammable
and combustible materials
WHITE (W)
Corrosive. May harm skin, eyes, mucous membranes.
Store away from red-, yellow-, and blue-colored regents above.
GREY (G)
Presents no more than moderate hazard in any of categories
above. For general chemical storage.
Exception. Denoted by the word “STOP.” Reagents
Incompatible with other reagents of the same color bar. Store
separately.
Chemical Storage
•
Secure compressed
gas cylinders by
chain or strap.
•
Keep protective cap
on cylinders not in
use.
Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Flammable:
A liquid with a flashpoint below 1000 F.
Combustible:
A liquid with a flashpoint at or above 1000 F but
below 2000 F.
Flashpoint:
The lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid
gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mixture
with air near its surface or within a vessel.
Chemical Storage – Flammables
•
Make use of flammables
cabinets as much as you can.
•
Do not store chemicals of
different hazard classes in
flammables cabinets.
Ultraviolet Light
Exposing the skin to ultraviolet light
can cause erythema (redness of the
skin), photosensitivity, cancer, etc.
The International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC) has
found that ultraviolet light in all UV
regions are probably carcinogenic to
humans.
The eye is also impacted from
unprotected exposure to ultraviolet
light. The cornea and conjunctiva
absorb various wavelengths of UV
light and can cause photokeratitis
and photoconjunctivitis from acute
exposures.
Table 2: Probable Lethal Dose for Humans
Lethal Dose When Ingested by
Toxicity Rating
Animal LD50 (per kg)
70kg (150 lb) Human
Extremely Toxic
Less than 5 mg
A taste (less than 7 drops)
Highly Toxic
5 to 50 mg
Between 7 drops and 1 teaspoon
Toxic
50 to 500 mg
Between 1 teaspoon and 1 once
Slightly Toxic
500 mg to 5 g
Between 1 ounce and 1 pint
Practically nontoxic
Above 5 g
Above 1 pint
This information is available in some MSDSs
Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS)
• MSDSs for all chemicals
used in the lab shall be
maintained in a readily
accessible location for lab
employees.
• Chemical and Manufacturer’s
Information
• Hazardous Ingredients
• Physical and Chemical
Properties and Characteristics
• Fire and Explosion Information
• Reactivity Information
• Health Hazard Information
• Precautionary Information
• Exposure Control
ChemWatch
 Can
create a chemical inventory for each
laboratory online
 A very useful tool to look up MSDS’s for
chemicals
 Can be accessed anywhere on campus
 Links to these web sites and the training
module can be found on our web page
http://www.bgsu.edu/offices/envhs/ under “Laboratory Safety and
Health” and then “ChemWatch”
Labeling Secondary Containers
• All chemical containers must be labeled with the
chemical’s name, date container was filled & hazard
warnings.
• Abbreviations are not permitted.
Isopropyl Alcohol
2/15/2012
•Flammable
•Hazardous
in case of eye contact,
ingestion, or inhalation.
PART
Emergency
Procedures
BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
FIRE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
* Avoid working alone.
If it must be done,
have a check-in
system.
SOUND ALARM BY USING FIRE ALARM PULL STATION.
CALL 911 - GIVE DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION.
CALMLY AND SAFELY EVACUATE ALL BUILDING OCCUPANTS.
ATTEMPT TO EXTINGUISH FIRE IF YOU ARE TRAINED TO USE
PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS. USES ON SMALL FIRES ONLY.
IF UNABLE TO EXTINGUISH FIRE, LEAVE BUILDING AND CLOSE DOOR
BEHIND YOU TO CONTAIN FIRE. NEVER RE-ENTER A BURNING
BUILDING FOR ANY REASON.
DO NOT USE ELEVATOR - USE STAIRWAY ONLY!
MEDICAL - SEVERE ILLNESS OR INJURY
1.
CHECK THE SCENE. DO NOT PLACE YOURSELF IN A LIFE-THREATENING
SITUATION.
2.
CALL 911 - GIVE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT.
3.
IF YOU ARE TRAINED IN CPR AND/OR FIRST AID, ASSESS THE NEED FOR
SUPPORT.
CRIMES IN PROGRESS - CALL 911
TORNADO - SEE TORNADO INFORMATION & INSTRUCTION POSTERS IN
BUILDINGS
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENT - CHEMICAL OR RADIATION SPILLS, LEAKS
1.
EVACUATE TO A SAFE DISTANCE.
2.
CALL 911 - GIVE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL.
3.
PREVENT ACCESS TO AREA UNTIL RESPONSE TEAM ARRIVES.
4.
IF CHEMICAL OR RADIATION CONTACTS EYES OR SKIN:
- FLUSH IMMEDIATELY AND CONTINUOUSLY FOR AT LEAST 15
MINUTES.
- USE EYE WASH STATION, SAFETY SHOWER, OR OTHER WATER
SOURCE.
UTILITY EMERGENCIES - GAS LEAK, FLOODING, ELEVATOR FAILURE,
ELECTRICAL OR POWER FAILURE.
CALL 372-7647, M-F 8:00A.M. - 5:00 P.M., AFTER THESE HOURS, CALL PUBLIC
SAFETY AT 372-2346.
Prepared by:
Department of Risk Management
Department of Public Safety
Department of Environmental Health and Safety
Tornado
Procedures
Tornado
Procedures
OHIO PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM
to help
protect your health
and safety as a
State employee
while active in your
job duties.
SAFETY AND HEALTH
PROTECTION ON THE JOB
Designed
THE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT RISK REDUCTION ACT WAS ENACTED
TO PROVIDE SAFE AND HEALTHFUL WORKING CONDITIONS FOR
OHIO’S PUBLIC EMPLOYEES.
Employer Duties:
Employee Duties:
Enforcement:
Each public employer shall provide a place of employment free
from recognized hazards.
Each employee shall comply with all safety and health standards,
rules, and regulations.
The Ohio Department of Commerce will:
1.
Inspect job sites for unsafe and unhealthful conditions following a request to do so by a public
employee, public employee representative, or public employer.
2.
Issue citations requiring public employers to correct safety and health violations.
Refusal to Work: Any public employee acting in good faith may refuse work under conditions reasonably believed
to present an imminent danger of death or serious physical harm, provided that the condition is
not such as normally exists or reasonably might be expected to occur in the normal and regular
duties of the employee. In the case of refusal to work, the public employee must follow these
three steps and if all of the conditions in this rule are not met, the public employee may be subject
to disciplinary action pursuant to law or agreement:
1.
Notify his or her immediate supervisor of the imminent danger condition.
2.
If the employer declines to correct or disputes the condition, the employee must attempt to
contact the director of the Division of Occupational safety and Health and/or a representative
of the Division knowledgeable of Risk Reduction standards and workplace hazards.
3.
Submit a written statement of the imminent danger to the Chief of the Bureau of Occupational
Safety and Health as soon as practical.
Complaints:
Any public employee or employee representative may file a complaint with the Ohio Department of
Commerce of any unsafe or unhealthful condition or practice by letter or by fax. Employees should
initially attempt to have unsafe or unhealthful conditions corrected through their own procedures
by contacting their immediate supervisor.
Inspections:
The inspector will question privately a representative number of employees and management
personnel concerning safety and health conditions in the workplace.
Citations:
Following an inspection by the Ohio Department of Commerce, notice of violations issued to the
public employer must be prominently posted at or near the place where the hazard was found.
Protection:
Employees cannot be discharged or otherwise discriminated against in any manner for filing a
complaint in accordance with the Act or by instituting or causing to be instituted any provision of
the Act. Discrimination complaints must be filed with the State Personnel Board of Review within
60 days of the discriminatory act or be pursued through provisions under a collective bargaining
agreement.
For additional information contact:
Ohio Department of Commerce
Division of Labor and Worker Safety
Bureau of Occupational Health and Safety
50 West Broad Street
29th Floor
Columbus, Ohio 43215
Phone: 1-800-671-6858 or 614-644-1618
Fax: 614-644-3133
Refusal to Work Phone: 614-731-4380
BGSU employees are encouraged to correct unsafe conditions as follows:


Report them to the next administrative level.
If this notification does not correct the hazard, or if the hazard is not in the employee’s department, call Environmental Health and
Safety at 372-2171.
Examples of reportable conditions: fire hazards, trip/fall hazards, unsafe equipment, improper use of equipment, damaged asbestos, no
personal protective equipment, or improper chemical use or storage. Call Environmental Health and Safety or Human Resources (372 -2259)
with questions about this poster or about hazard reporting procedures.
HMIS vs. NFPA
What are these labels
trying to tell you?
Other Hazards
Irritants
 Chemicals that are capable of causing a reversible
inflammatory effect on the body at the site of contact as a
function of concentration or duration of exposure.
Harmful agents
 A substance that presents a moderate risk to health by
inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption.
Oxidizers
 Initiates or promotes combustion in other materials,
thereby causing fire either of itself or through the release
of oxygen or other gases.
Implosions
 Rotary evaporators under vacuum conditions should be
wrapped with electrical tape and must be enclosed in a
shield to guard against flying glass in the event of an
implosion.
Corrosives
Strong
Can
acids and bases
destroy skin
Can
damage other materials
such as metals and plastics
Make
sure proper PPE is
used when working with these
types of chemicals
Organic Peroxides
Chemicals
containing
a bivalent -O-Ostructure, which is a
structural derivative of
hydrogen peroxide
where one or both
hydrogen atoms are
replaced by an organic
radical.
Highly
reactive and
unstable
Organic Peroxides Classes
Class A
Class B
Class C
•Divinyl
Ether
•
Diethyl Ether
•
Acrylonitrile
•Divinyl
Acylene
•
Cyclohexene
•
Butadiene
•
Furan
•
Chlorotrifluoroethyle
•
Tetrahydrofuran
(THF)
•
Tetrafluoroethylene
•Isopropyl
Ether
•Potassium
Metal
•Potassium
Amide
Let’s Play a Game!
See if you can identify conditions in
the following pictures that can lead
to a chemical spill
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Are there any issues with this picture that
could lead to a chemical spill?
Any Questions?
Thank you for your time and
attention!
For more information, please contact the
Environmental Health and Safety office at
419-372-2171