vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
1
TITLE
PAGE
Student’s Declaration
ii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract
v
Abstrak
vi
Table of Content
vii
List of Figures
xi
List of Abbreviation
xii
List of Cases
xiii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of Study
1
1.2
Issues/ Problem Statement
6
1.3
Aim
8
1.4
Objectives
8
1.5
Scope of Study
8
1.6
Research Methodology
9
1.6.1 Initial Study and Identifiying Research Issue
9
1.6.2 Literature Review
10
1.6.3 Data Collection
10
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viii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION(CONT’D)
1.7
2
1.6.4 Research Analysis
10
1.6.5 Research Process
11
Outline of Chapter
12
CHAPTER 2 QUALIFICATION OF
ARBITRATOR
2.1
Introduction
14
2.2
Impartiality
18
2.3
Independence
20
2.4
The Difference between ‘Independence’ and
‘Impartiality’
2.5
22
Independence and Impartiality of Arbitrators in
Theoritical Perpective
25
2.5.1 Under Common Law
25
2.5.2 The PAM 2010 Edition Rules
27
2.5.3 Bias (PAM Arbitration Rules 2010)
28
2.5.4 Duty of Disclosure (PAM Arbitration Rules
2010)
30
2.5.5 UNCITRAL Model Law on International
Commercial Arbitration Rules
31
2.5.6 The Kuala Lumpur Regional Center (KLRCA)
rules
2.6
Independence and Impartiality of Arbitration in
Practical Perspective
2.7
32
33
2.6.1 Justifiable Doubts
35
2.6.2 ‘Real Danger of Bias’
36
Arbitration Proceeding Procedure
38
2.7.1 Preliminary Meetings
41
2.7.2 Pleadings and Evidence
44
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ix
2
CHAPTER 2 QUALIFICATION OF
ARBITRATOR(CONT’D)
2.8
3
2.7.3 Documentary Evidence
46
2.7.4 Oral Evidence - Witness
49
2.7.5 Hearings
50
2.7.6 The Award
55
Conclusion
58
CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS OF CASES :
DISQUALIFYING AN ARBITRATOR IN THE
ARBITRATION PROCEEDING
3.1
Introduction
60
3.2
Ground for Challenge
61
3.2.1 Duty to Disclosure
67
3.2.2 Disqualification of arbitrator In Respect of Lack
of Impartiality
73
3.2.3 Disqualification of Arbitrator In Respect of Lack
of Independence
3.2.4 Disqualification of Arbitrator In Respect of Bias
73
74
3.2.5 Disqualification of Arbitrator In Respect of Lack
of Qualifications
83
3.2.6 Disqualification of Arbitrator In Respect of
Misconduct
85
3.3
Procedure to Disqualify the Arbitrator
89
3.4
Conclusion
90
4
CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1
Introduction
91
4.2
Findings
92
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x
4
CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS(CONT’D)
4.3
Recommendations for further studies
94
4.4
Conclusion
95
REFERENCES
96
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xi
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO
TITLE
PAGE
1.1
Research Process
22
1.2
Summary of general proceeding of arbitration
36
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xii
LIST OF ABREVIATION
PAM
PERTUBUHAN ARKITEK MALAYSIA
Cl.
Clause
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xiii
LIST OF CASES
CASES
PAGES
ASM Shipping LTD of India v TTMI Ltd of England [2005] APP.L.R
10/19………………………………………………………………………….68,77,81,82
AT & T Corporation vs. Saudi Cable Company [2000] 1 All ER (D) 657…………..62,64
Berkley v. Automobile Salesman’s Union Local 1905, 843 F.2d 751, 756 (9th Cir. 1987),
cert. Denied, 486 U.S. 1043 (1988)……………………………………...36,59,93
Catalina (Owners) v Norma (Owners) [1] (1938) 82 Sol Jo 698…………................24,70
Cockburn CJ in Re Hopper [1867] LR 2 QB 367……………………………………...17
Commonwealth Coatings Corp. v. Continenetal Casuality Co., 393 U.S. 145
(1968)……………………………………………………………………………….59,93
Compagnie Financiere du Pacifique v. Peruvian Guano Co (1882) 11 QBD
55……………………………………………………………………………………….47
Dato’ Tan Heng Chew v Tan Kim Hor & Anor [2006] FC……………….....................66
Du Toit v Vale & Ors (1993) 9 WAR 139……………………………………………..42
Future Heritage Sdn Bhd v Intelek Timur Sdn Bhd [2003] MLJ 49……………………45
Goldencourse Sdn Bhd v Azastera Sdn Bhd [2010]……………………………………86
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xiv
Hock Hua Bank (Sabah) Bhd v Yong Liuk Thin [1995] 2 MLJ 213………………..64,65
Hussman (Europe) Ltd v Pharoon [2002] CLC 1030……………………................67,68
Ian Keith Brown v CBS (Contractors) Ltd [1987] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 279…………………..6
ICT Pty Ltd v Sea Containers Ltd [2002] NSWSC 77…………………………………43
Intelek Timur Sdn Bhd v Future Heritage [2004] 1 MLJ 401………………………14,16
JE Taylor Co Ltd v Paul L Brown [1992] ADRLJ 117………………………………..38
Kuala Ibai Development Sdn Bhd v Kumpulan Perunding (1988) Sdn Bhd & Anor
[1999] 5 MLJ 137…………………………………………………………………...70,93
Laker Airways v FLS Aerospace [1999] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 45…………………………76,77
Lau Tiong Ik Construction Sdn Bhd v the Government of Malaysia [2008] 5 MLJ
604………………………………………………………………………………………46
Logy Enterprises Ltd v. Haikou City Bonded Area Wansen Products Trading Co [1996]
1 Lioyd’s L. Rep.76 (Q.B 1965)………………………………………………………..38
Merit Ins. Co v. Leatherby Ins. Co. 763 F.2d 673 ……………...……………………...37
Middlesex Mutual Ins. Co. V. Levine 675 F.2d 1197…………………………………...36
Miller Construction Ltd v James Moore Earthmoving [2000] APP.LR
11/01……………………………………………………………………………………54
Nye Sauders v Alan E. Bristow (1987) 37 BLR 92………………………......................77
Oakland Metal Co. Ltd. V. D. Benaim & Co. Ltd (1953) 2 QB 261: (1953) 2 All FR 650
(A)…………………………………………………………............................................84
Ocean Marine Navigation Ltd v Koch Carbon Inc, The Dynamic [2003] EWHC
1936…………………………………………………………………………………….51
Olson v. Merril Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. 51 F.3d 157 ……….....................77
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xv
Ong Guan Teck & Ors v Hijjas [1982] 1 MLJ 105…………………………………….86
Pacol Ltd v Joint Stock Co Rossakhar [ 1999] 2 All ER……………………………….53
Penang Development Corp v Trikkon Construction Sdn Bhd [1997] 3 MLJ
115………………………………………………………………………………………71
Petroleum Cargo Carriers Ltd v. Unitas, Inc 220 N.Y.S.2d 724, aff’d, 224 N.Y.S.2d
654 (1961)………………………………………………………………………………37
PiLkington Plc v PPG Industries Inc (Unreported High Court Commercial Divison 1
Nov. 1989)………………………………………………………………………………77
Porter v Magill [2002] 2 AC 357………………………………………………..67,69,82
Progressive Insurance Sdn Bhd v Gaya Underwriting Services Sdn Bhd [1997] 23 MLJ
524 at 529……………………………………………………………………………65,66
R v Gough [1993] 2 All ER 724………………………………………….............66,67,79
Rand v. Readington 13 N.H. 72 (1842)……………………………………………..36,65
Fraser v Ehrensperger (1883) 12 QBD 310, CA (Eng)………………….....................26
Re Medicament & Related Classes of Goods ) [2001]1 WLR700………………….74,83
Rustal Trading Ltd v Grill & Duffus SA [2000] 1 Lloyd’s Reps 14……………………80
Sharikat Pemborong Perumahan v Federal Land Development Authority [1971] 2 MLJ
210…………………………………………………………………………………..15,85
Turner v Stevenage Borough Council [1997] ADRLJ 409……………….......................7
Veritas Shipping Corporation v. Anglo-Canadian Cement Ltd [1966] 1 Lloyds’ Rep
76……………………………………………………………………………………38,88
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