+66°00' Zone 35, Master Map Zone Master, Normal View, 10 deg FOV P Muller 118 STF 105 h5534 Milburn 187 NGC 637 Stein 264 Stein 245 11 Espin 118 h c STF 109 Stein 200 Milburn 383 h1085 NGC 559 h1074 h1082 Milburn 249 Milburn 280 ε Engelmann 7 Pettitt 3 Epsilon Cas IC 1747 h1102 STF 188 rej 17 IC 166 h1091 STF 152 rej Espin 1951Espin 1950 NGC 663 STF 151 rejSTF 153 35 Cas STF 121 i 12 d Berkeley 62 Milburn 246 Czernik 3 h1066 h1063 Stock 3 NGC 366 Cassiopeia h1070 NGC 358 Espin 1869 Bur 258 NGC 381 Kruger 11 NGC 654 Stein 237 Espin 2588 Trumpler 1 Smart 15 Smart 13 IC 63 Naviγ A. G. 301 P Muller 106Stein 251 STF 128 rej Espin 1870 Espin 1872 Gamma Cas Smart 14 M103 STF 131 h1098 44 Cas Kruger 10 Stein 175 NGC 581 Bpm 22 Stein 320 NGC 659 Bur 1102 δ Ruchbah STF 156 NGC 433 Hipparcos 259 Delta Cas Stein 201 Stein 250 Stein 315 Stein 221 NGC 743 Milburn 47 Stein 168 υ2 υ1 χ Espin 1712 Stein 1754 NGC 436 h1093 STF 192 h1088 OS 33 A 942 Stein 1560 ET Cluster φ NGC 457 STF 115 Phi Cas Perseus Tycho 61 Stein 1744 Bur 870 Stein 1710 Stein 1647 Argelander 6 Stein 1529 Stock 4 13 j 18 e 14 19 k f 15 20 Espin 1809 Milburn 111 h2082 Stein 1594 h2050 Espin 1773 Espin 1772 Espin 949 OS 35 h2047 h2066 Stein 1617 NGC 744 Espin 947 Smart 25 Espin 46 A 1265 Espin 617 Stein 1681 Espin 2584 Bur 3 10 +56°00' h2096 h2101 +64°00' 16 h1055 +62°00' STF 163 h1100 h1101 Stein 194 STF 96 +60°00' Jonckheere 1119 +58°00' h1108 g Stein 1593 Theta Casθ Theta Cas Espin 943 Espin 942 µ Mu Cas Espin 156 Espin 2585 Espin 760 Espin 119 h2051 02h 00m 01h 48m 01h 36m 01h 24m h2030 01h 12m H IV 66 01h 00m Zone 35, Map 1 Normal Image +64°00' +64°30' +65°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Berkeley 62 +63°00' +63°30' Milburn 246 Milburn 249 Czernik 3 01h 09m 01h 06m 01h 03m 01h 00m 00h 57m Zone 35, Map 1 Mirror Image +64°30' +65°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +64°00' Espin 118 Berkeley 62 +63°00' +63°30' Milburn 246 Czernik 3 00h 57m 01h 00m 01h 03m 01h 06m 01h 09m Zone 35, Map 2 Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +63°00' h1074 Milburn 249 Czernik 3 h1063 +62°30' h1066 Stock 3 +62°00' h1070 NGC 366 NGC 358 NGC 381 Espin 1869 +61°30' Bur 258 Kruger 10 +61°00' Smart 15 Smart 13 01h 12m 01h 09m 01h 06m 01h 03m Zone 35, Map 2 Mirror Image +63°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Milburn 249 Czernik 3 +62°30' h1066 h1063 Stock 3 +62°00' NGC 366 h1070 NGC 358 Bur 258 NGC 381 +61°30' Espin 1869 Kruger 10 +61°00' Smart 15 Smart 13 IC 63 01h 03m 01h 06m 01h 09m 01h 12m Zone 35, Map 3 Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Bur 258 NGC 381 +61°30' Espin 1869 Kruger 10 +61°00' Smart 15 Smart 13 IC 63 +60°30' Smart 14 Stein 175 +59°30' +60°00' NGC 433 +59°00' Stein 168 01h 15m 01h 12m 01h 09m 01h 06m 01h 03m 01h 00m Zone 35, Map 3 Mirror Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Bur 258 NGC 381 +61°30' Espin 1869 Kruger 10 +61°00' Smart 15 Smart 13 IC 63 +60°30' Smart 14 Stein 175 +60°00' NGC 433 +59°30' Espin 1710 +59°00' Stein 168 01h 00m 01h 03m 01h 06m 01h 09m 01h 12m 01h 15m Zone 35, Map 4 Normal Image +57°30' +58°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +56°00' +56°30' +57°00' Stein 1529 01h 12m 01h 09m 01h 06m 01h 03m 01h 00m Zone 35, Map 4 Mirror Image +57°30' +58°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +56°00' +56°30' +57°00' Stein 1529 01h 00m 01h 03m 01h 06m 01h 09m 01h 12m Zone 35, Map 5 Normal Image +55°30' +56°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Espin 942 Theta Cas Theta Cas µ +55°00' θ Mu Cas +54°00' +54°30' Espin 156 01h 12m 01h 09m 01h 06m 01h 03m Zone 35, Map 5 Mirror Image +55°30' +56°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Espin 942 Theta Cas +55°00' Theta Cas θ µ Mu Cas +54°00' +54°30' Espin 156 01h 03m 01h 06m 01h 09m 01h 12m Zone 35, Map 6 Normal Image +65°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +64°30' 35 Cas +64°00' STF 121 STF 109 +63°30' Stein 200 +63°00' h1074 01h 27m 01h 24m 01h 21m 01h 18m 01h 15m Zone 35, Map 6 Mirror Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +65°00' STF 96 +64°00' +64°30' 35 Cas STF 109 +63°30' Stein 200 +63°00' h1074 01h 15m 01h 18m 01h 21m 01h 24m 01h 27m Zone 35, Map 7 Normal Image +62°00' +62°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +61°00' +61°30' Kruger 11 +60°30' Espin 1870 δ 01h 27m 01h 24m 01h 21m 01h 18m 01h 15m Zone 35, Map 7 Mirror Image +62°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +62°00' Stock 3 Bur 258 +61°00' +61°30' Kruger 11 +60°30' Espin 1870 δ 01h 15m 01h 18m 01h 21m 01h 24m 01h 27m Zone 35, Map 8 Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +61°00' +61°30' Kruger 11 +60°30' Espin 1870 Bur 1102 Delta Cas δ Stein 201 NGC 433 +59°30' +60°00' Stein 221 01h 27m 01h 24m 01h 21m 01h 18m 01h 15m Zone 35, Map 8 Mirror Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Bur 258 +61°00' +61°30' Kruger 11 +60°30' Espin 1870 Bur 1102 δ Stein 201 +59°30' +60°00' NGC 433 Delta Cas 01h 15m 01h 18m 01h 21m 01h 24m 01h 27m Zone 35, Map 9 Normal Image +59°00' +59°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Espin 1712 +58°30' NGC 436 Stein 1560 φ Phi Cas ET Cluster NGC 457 +58°00' STF 115 01h 24m 01h 21m 01h 18m 01h 15m Zone 35, Map 9 Mirror Image Espin 1712 +59°00' +59°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +58°30' NGC 436 ET Cluster NGC 457 Stein 1560 φ Phi Cas +58°00' STF 115 01h 15m 01h 18m 01h 21m 01h 24m Zone 35, Map 9, detail Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. ET Cluster NGC 457 Stein 1560 φ Phi Cas Zone 35, Map 9, detail Mirror Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. NGC 457 ET Cluster Stein 1560 φ Phi Cas Zone 35, Map 10 Normal Image +57°00' +57°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Espin 1809 +56°00' Bur 3 +56°30' Stein 1594 Stein 1617 +55°30' Stein 1593 01h 27m 01h 24m 01h 21m 01h 18m Zone 35, Map 10 Mirror Image +57°00' +57°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Espin 1809 +56°30' Stein 1594 +56°00' Bur 3 +55°30' Stein 1593 01h 18m 01h 21m 01h 24m 01h 27m Zone 35, Map 11 Normal Image +64°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Milburn 187 +64°00' Stein 264 NGC 637 Stein 245 Milburn 383 +63°30' h1085 NGC 559 h1082 +63°00' Milburn 280 01h 42m 01h 39m 01h 36m 01h 33m 01h 30m Zone 35, Map 11 Mirror Image +64°30' +65°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Milburn 187 STF 121 NGC 637 +64°00' Stein 264 Stein 245 h1085 +63°30' Milburn 383 NGC 559 h1082 01h 30m 01h 33m 01h 36m +63°00' Milburn 280 01h 39m 01h 42m Zone 35, Map 12 Normal Image +62°00' +62°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +61°30' NGC 654 Trumpler 1 Espin 2588 +61°00' Stein 237 STF 128 rej P Muller 106 Stein 251 NGC 659 Bpm 22 STF 131 M103 NGC 581 +60°30' 44 Cas 01h 45m 01h 42m 01h 39m 01h 36m 01h 33m Zone 35, Map 12 Mirror Image +62°00' +62°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +61°30' NGC 654 Stein 237 Trumpler 1 STF 128 rej P Muller 106 +61°00' Espin 2588 Stein 251 NGC 659 Bpm 22 44 Cas 01h 33m 01h 36m 01h 39m 01h 42m 01h 45m +60°30' STF 131 M103 NGC 581 Zone 35, Map 13 Normal Image +61°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Trumpler 1 Espin 2588 STF 128 rej P Muller 106 +61°00' Stein 237 Stein 251 STF 131 M103 NGC 581 NGC 659 Bpm 22 +60°00' +60°30' 44 Cas +59°30' Stein 250 χ 01h 45m 01h 42m 01h 39m 01h 36m 01h 33m Zone 35, Map 13 Mirror Image +61°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Trumpler 1 Stein 237 STF 128 rej P Muller 106 +61°00' Espin 2588 Stein 251 STF 131 M103 NGC 581 NGC 659 +60°00' 44 Cas +60°30' Bpm 22 +59°30' Stein 250 χ 01h 33m 01h 36m 01h 39m 01h 42m 01h 45m Zone 35, Map 14 Normal Image +59°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +59°00' χ +58°30' OS 33 h1088 +58°00' A 942 Tycho 61 +57°30' Bur 870 +57°00' Stein 1647 Milburn 111 h2050 01h 45m 01h 42m 01h 39m 01h 36m 01h 33m 01h 30m Zone 35, Map 14 Mirror Image +59°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. A 942 Tycho 61 Bur 870 +57°00' Stein 1647 +58°00' h1088 +57°30' OS 33 +58°30' +59°00' χ Milburn 111 h2050 01h 30m 01h 33m 01h 36m 01h 39m 01h 42m 01h 45m Zone 35, Map 15 Normal Image +57°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Bur 870 +57°00' Stein 1647 h2050 +56°00' Espin 1772 Espin 1773 +56°30' Milburn 111 OS 35 h2047 +55°30' h2066 Espin 947 Espin 46 +55°00' A 1265 Espin 617 Stein 1681 +54°30' Espin 2584 Espin 2585 01h 45m 01h 42m 01h 39m 01h 36m 01h 33m Zone 35, Map 15 Mirror Image Bur 870 +57°00' Stein 1647 +57°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. h2050 Espin 1772 Espin 1773 +56°00' +56°30' Milburn 111 OS 35 h2047 +55°30' h2066 Espin 46 +55°00' A 1265 Espin 617 Stein 1681 +54°30' Espin 2584 Espin 2585 01h 33m 01h 36m 01h 39m 01h 42m 01h 45m Zone 35, Map 16 Normal Image +65°00' +65°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. STF 163 Stein 264 NGC 637 +64°00' +64°30' h1100 Engelmann 7 Epsilon Cas +63°30' ε Pettitt 3 +63°00' IC 1747 STF 188 rej 02h 00m 01h 57m 01h 54m 01h 51m 01h 48m 01h 45m 01h 42m Zone 35, Map 16 Mirror Image +65°00' +65°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. STF 163 +64°30' h1100 +64°00' Stein 264 NGC 637 Engelmann 7 IC 1747 +63°00' Pettitt 3 +63°30' Epsilon Cas ε 01h 42m 01h 45m 01h 48m 01h 51m 01h 54m 01h 57m 02h 00m +63°00' Zone 35, Map 17 Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +62°00' +62°30' STF 188 rej NGC 654 IC 166 Espin 1951 STF 182 Espin 1950 Espin 1872 STF 153 NGC 663 STF 152 rej STF 151 rej P Muller 106 +61°00' +61°30' h1091 A. G. 301 44 Cas STF 156 +60°30' NGC 659 Stein 320 +60°00' NGC 743 h1098 Stein 315 Hipparcos 259 Milburn 47 02h 00m 01h 57m 01h 54m 01h 51m 01h 48m 01h 45m 01h 42m +63°00' Zone 35, Map 17 Mirror Image +62°00' +62°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. NGC 654 +61°30' IC 166 h1091 Espin 1951 STF 182 Espin 1950 STF 152 rej +61°00' STF 153 NGC 663 STF 151 rej Espin 1872 P Muller 106 A. G. 301 44 Cas +60°30' NGC 659 STF 156 +60°00' Stein 320 Stein 315 Hipparcos 259 Milburn 47 01h 42m 01h 45m 01h 48m 01h 51m 01h 54m 01h 57m 02h 00m Zone 35, Map 18 Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Espin 1950 Espin 1872 +60°30' A. G. 301 STF 193 STF 153 NGC 663 STF 152 rej STF 151 rej +61°00' STF 182 +61°30' Espin 1951 STF 156 Stein 320 NGC 743 +60°00' h1098 Stein 315 Hipparcos 259 +59°00' +59°30' Milburn 47 Stein 1754 +58°30' h1093 STF 192 02h 03m 02h 00m 01h 57m 01h 54m 01h 51m 01h 48m 01h 45m Zone 35, Map 18 Mirror Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. STF 153 NGC 663 STF 151 rej +61°30' Espin 1951 Espin 1950 STF 182 STF 152 rej +61°00' Espin 1872 A. G. 301 STF 193 STF 156 +60°30' NGC 659 Stein 320 +60°00' NGC 743 h1098 Stein 315 Hipparcos 259 +59°00' +59°30' Milburn 47 Stein 1754 STF 192 01h 45m 01h 48m 01h 51m 01h 54m 01h 57m 02h 00m +58°30' h1093 02h 03m Zone 35, Map 19 Normal Image +59°00' +59°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Stein 1754 +58°30' h1093 +58°00' STF 192 +57°30' Stein 1744 Stein 1710 Argelander 6 +57°00' Stein 1742 Stock 4 +56°30' h2082 h2096 h2101 Espin 1772 Espin 1773 02h 00m 01h 57m Stein 1712 01h 54m 01h 51m 01h 48m Zone 35, Map 19 Mirror Image +59°00' +59°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Stein 1754 Tycho 61 Stein 1744 +57°30' +58°00' STF 192 +58°30' h1093 Stein 1710 Argelander 6 +57°00' Stein 1742 Stock 4 h2096 h2101 Espin 1772 Espin 1773 01h 48m 01h 51m 01h 54m Stein 1712 01h 57m 02h 00m +56°30' h2082 Zone 35, Map 20 Normal Image Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. +57°30' Stein 1744 Stein 1710 Argelander 6 Stein 1742 +57°00' Stock 4 h2096 h2101 Espin 1772 Espin 1773 Stein 1712 OS 35 +56°00' +56°30' h2082 Smart 26 Stein 1741 NGC 744 Espin 947 +55°30' Espin 949 +55°00' Smart 25 +54°30' Stein 1681 02h 00m 01h 57m 01h 54m 01h 51m 01h 48m 01h 45m Zone 35, Map 20 Mirror Image Stein 1744 Bur 870 +57°30' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque, Inc. Stein 1710 Argelander 6 +57°00' Stein 1742 Stock 4 +56°30' h2082 h2096 h2101 +56°00' Espin 1772 Espin 1773 Stein 1712 OS 35 Stein 1741 NGC 744 Espin 947 +55°30' Espin 949 +55°00' Smart 25 +54°30' Stein 1681 01h 45m 01h 48m 01h 51m 01h 54m 01h 57m 02h 00m Zone 35 Index 2 Reference Stars; 97 Double Stars; 1 Diffuse Nebula; 1 Planetary Nebula; 20 Open Clusters Flamsteed Espin 1872 ............................................... 63 Espin 1950 ............................................... 64 Espin 1951 ............................................... 62 Espin 2588 ............................................... 38 Espin 46 ................................................... 55 Espin 942 ................................................. 16 Espin 947 ................................................. 75 Espin 949 ................................................. 76 35 Cas....................................................... 18 44 Cas....................................................... 44 A A 1265...................................................... 53 A 942 ........................................................ 50 A. G. 301 ................................................. 68 Argelander 6 ............................................ 72 H B h1063 .......................................................... 5 h1066 .......................................................... 6 h1070 .......................................................... 6 h1074 ........................................................ 17 h1082 ........................................................ 33 h1085 ........................................................ 34 h1088 ........................................................ 49 h1091 ........................................................ 63 h1093 ........................................................ 72 h1098 ........................................................ 69 h2047 ........................................................ 52 h2050 ........................................................ 52 h2066 ........................................................ 53 h2082 ........................................................ 75 h2096 ........................................................ 76 Hipparcos 259 ......................................... 68 Berkeley 62 ............................................... 3 Bpm 22 ..................................................... 44 Bur 1102 .................................................. 21 Bur 258 ...................................................... 8 Bur 3 ......................................................... 30 Bur 870 .................................................... 50 C Czernik 3.................................................... 9 D Delta Cas.................................................. 22 E Engelmann 7............................................ 57 Epsilon Cas .............................................. 57 Espin 1712 ............................................... 26 Espin 1772 ............................................... 54 Espin 1773 ............................................... 55 Espin 1809 ............................................... 30 Espin 1869 ................................................. 5 Espin 1870 ............................................... 21 I IC 166....................................................... 66 IC 1747 .................................................... 60 IC 63 ......................................................... 14 -1- Zone 35 K P Muller 106............................................ 46 Pettitt 3 ..................................................... 59 Phi Cas ..................................................... 25 Stein 1529 ................................................ 15 Stein 1560 ................................................ 27 Stein 1593 ................................................ 31 Stein 1594 ................................................ 31 Stein 1617 ................................................ 32 Stein 1647 ................................................ 49 Stein 168 .................................................. 12 Stein 1710 ................................................ 73 Stein 1712 ................................................ 77 Stein 1741 ................................................ 78 Stein 1742 ................................................ 78 Stein 1744 ................................................ 73 Stein 175 .................................................. 12 Stein 200 .................................................. 19 Stein 201 .................................................. 22 Stein 221 .................................................. 23 Stein 237 .................................................. 39 Stein 245 .................................................. 35 Stein 250 .................................................. 45 Stein 251 .................................................. 45 Stein 264 .................................................. 35 Stein 315 .................................................. 69 Stein 320 .................................................. 70 STF 109 ................................................... 18 STF 115 ................................................... 26 STF 121 ................................................... 19 STF 128 rej .............................................. 38 STF 131 ................................................... 43 STF 151 rej .............................................. 62 STF 152 rej .............................................. 61 STF 153 ................................................... 61 STF 156 ................................................... 67 STF 163 ................................................... 58 STF 182 ................................................... 64 Stock 3 ..................................................... 10 Stock 4 ..................................................... 74 S T Smart 13 ................................................... 13 Smart 14 ................................................... 13 Smart 15 ..................................................... 7 Smart 25 ................................................... 77 Theta Cas ................................................. 16 Trumpler 1 ............................................... 41 Tycho 61 .................................................. 51 Kruger 10 ................................................... 8 Kruger 11 ................................................. 20 M Milburn 111 ............................................. 56 Milburn 187 ............................................. 34 Milburn 246 ............................................... 3 Milburn 249 ............................................... 7 Milburn 280 ............................................. 33 Milburn 383 ............................................. 36 Milburn 47 ............................................... 70 N NGC 358 .................................................. 10 NGC 366 .................................................. 11 NGC 381 .................................................... 9 NGC 433 .................................................. 14 NGC 436 .................................................. 24 NGC 457 .................................................. 27 NGC 559 .................................................. 36 NGC 581 .................................................. 46 NGC 637 .................................................. 37 NGC 654 .................................................. 40 NGC 659 .................................................. 47 NGC 663 .................................................. 65 NGC 743 .................................................. 71 NGC 744 .................................................. 79 O OS 33........................................................ 48 OS 35........................................................ 54 P -2- Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 1 Double Stars Easy Milburn 246 Other name(s): ADS 865; HD 6129; SAO 11549 Rating: 5 E Position: 0104+6341 A B Magnitude 8.14 10.92 Separation PA — — 3.7 + 218 - Year — 1973 Spectra G0 IV Colors W ? Notes: 1922: 3.4 @ 221. 3 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Rich field. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 12.3 inches. Separation: AB = 1.90 miles. Distance (LY): 336 Total luminosity (Suns): 5.35 Deep Sky Objects Moderate Berkeley 62 Rating: 4 M Position: 0101+6357 Type : Oc Dimensions: 10' Class: III 2p Cluster population: 50 -3- Magnitude : 9.3 Zone 35 Notes:Notes: The brightest star is 10.9m. Observations: C8 at 104x. An arrowhead pattern of 7 stars which dominates the low power field. Averted vision suggests many more stars. At high power, it takes on more of a box shape. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): It would be 5,620 miles in diameter, with the stars being an average of 813 miles apart. Distance (LY): 6,000 Luminosity (suns): 1,120 -4- Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 2 Double Stars Easy Espin 1869 Other name(s): ADS 852 Rating: 4 E Position: 0103+6135 A B Magnitude 8.96 9.90 Separation PA — — 6.1 + 145 + Year — 1981 Spectra F5 III Colors W O? Notes: 1901: 5.5 @ 140. 10 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 4.50 inches. Separation: AB = 2.61 miles. Distance (LY): 274 Total luminosity (Suns): 2.17 Moderate h1063 Rating: 5 M Position: 0101+6229 A B Magnitude 11.26 11.90 Separation PA — — 8.8 288 + -5- Year — 1912 Spectra Colors W? ? Zone 35 Notes: 1903: 9.0 @ 287. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. h1070 Rating: 4 M Other name(s): Stein 177 (D, E); Milburn 1055 (F); Van Biesbroeck 1 (B); ADS 906 Position: 0107+6213 A B C D E F Magnitude 9.59 12.40 12.50 11.90 10.00 13.50 Separation — 3.9 + 9.2 50 11.6 6.4 PA — 49 90 = 19 101 + 66 Year — 1971 1923 1923 1923 1923 Spectra Colors ? ? ? W W ? Notes: AB 1909: 3.8 @ 50. 3 measurements. AC 1909: 9.7 @ 90. 9 measurements. AD 1 measurement. AE 1903: 11.8 @ 98. 3 measurements. AF 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. It lies in the wimpy open cluster NGC 366. h1066 Other name(s): ADS 905; HD 6448; SAO 11575 Rating: 4 M Position: 0107+6241 A B Magnitude 7.62 11.35 Separation PA — — 7.9 + 295 = -6- Year — 1991 Spectra K0 Colors Y W? Zone 35 Notes: 1828: 7.5 @ 295. 8 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. Moderate field. Smart 15 Rating: 5 M Position: 0108+6103 A B Magni0tude Separation PA 11.00 — — 11.50 10.6 15 Year — 1921 Spectra Colors ? ? Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. Extremely faint. I'd say more like 12m and 13m. Milburn 249 Other name(s): ADS 939 Rating: 4 M Position: 0110+6252 A B Magnitude 10.86 11.00 Separation PA — — 3.4 + 198 - Notes: 1908: 2.2 @ 215. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Yes, it was nicely split at 115x! An 8m Y star (HD 6824) is 5 min south. -7- Year — 1922 Spectra Colors W W Zone 35 Kruger 10 Other name(s): ADS 977 Rating: 4 M Position: 0112+6111 A B C Magnitude 9.09 10.60 11.30 Separation — 3.5 + 23.4 PA — 278 92 Year — 1999 1898 Spectra F0 V Colors W O? W? Notes: AB 1890: 3.4 @ 281. 7 measurements. AC 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 339x. C was very difficult.\ Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 6.70 inches. Separation: AB = 2.10 miles; AC = 14.0 miles. Distance (LY): 384 Total luminosity (Suns): 3.68 Difficult Bur 258 Other name(s): Leavenworth 14 (C); ADS 987; HD 7157 Rating: 4 D Position: 0113+6142 A B C Magnitude 6.40 8.87 12.20 Separation — 1.5 + 42 + PA — 263 + 206 + Notes: AB 1875: 0.8 @ 262. 1912 (Aitken): pa 251. AC 1916: 41 @ 203. -8- Year — 1991 Spectra B9 V Colors W W W? Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 560x. Very rich field. Note 3-star "wall" to NE. OC NGC 381 is 40 min W. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 9.60 inches. Separation: AB = 1.52 miles; AC = 42.6 miles. Distance (LY): 650 Total luminosity (Suns): 101 Deep Sky Objects Easy Czernik 3 Other Names: OCL 315 Rating: 5 E Position: 0104+6248 Type : Oc Dimensions: 3.0' Class: III 2p :b Cluster population: 8 Magnitude : 9.9 Observations: C8 at 104x. I counted only 5 stars in a roughly triangular pattern. Moderate NGC 381 Other Names: Collinder 10, H VIII 64 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Rating: 3 M Position: 0108+6135 Type : Oc Dimensions: 6' Class: III 1m Cluster population: 50 -9- Magnitude : 9.3 Zone 35 Notes: When Caroline Herschel discovered this cluster in 1783, her brother William included it in his catalog as H VIII.64. The brightest star is 10.0m. Observations: C8 at 65x. Faint; it needs averted vision. It is delicate and very dense. It has a V shape. Very rich field. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): It would be 1,840 miles in diameter, and the stars would be 262 miles apart, on average. Distance (LY): 3,450 Luminosity (suns): 180 Stock 3 Rating: 3 M Position: 0112+6220 Type : Oc Dimensions: 2' Class: IV 1p Cluster population: 8 Magnitude : 12.0 Notes:Notes: The stars are fainter than 11m. Observations: C8 at 83x. With averted vision, it is semi-resolved. Difficult NGC 358 Rating: 5 D Position: 0105+6200 Type : Oc Cluster population: 25 Magnitude : 12.0 - 10 - Dimensions: 3' Zone 35 Notes: Probably not a cluster. Observations: C8 at 83x. Faint; only four stars were resolved, the rest being hazy. NGC 366 Other Names: Collinder 9 Rating: 4 D Position: 0106+6214 Type : Oc Dimensions: 3' Class: II 3m Cluster population: 30 Magnitude : 10.0 Notes:Notes: The brightest star is 10.0m. Observations: C8 at 104x. You should use averted vision. At first glance, it looks nebulous, but four stars resolve at high power. However, substantial background graininess is still present even at 280x. - 11 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 3 Double Stars Moderate Stein 168 Rating: 5 M Position: 0104+5929 A B Magnitude 10.54 11.80 Separation PA — — 8.3 124 Year — 1910 Spectra Colors W ? Notes: 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Stein 175 Rating: 5 M Position: 0105+6025 A B Magnitude 11.16 12.69 Separation PA — — 13.8 = 182 = Year — 1991 Notes: 1900: 13.8 @ 181. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 600 Total luminosity (Suns): 1.20 - 12 - Spectra Colors W ? Zone 35 Smart 13 Rating: 5 M Position: 0107+6056 A B Magnitude 10.34 12.16 Separation PA — — 13.7 90 Year — 1921 Spectra Colors W? ? Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. This pair forms the base of a crude "Y" asterism. Smart 14 Rating: 5 M Position: 0107+6038 A B Magnitude 11.09 12.40 Separation PA — — 9.5 176 Year — 1921 Spectra B2 II Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. This pair is the eastern-most star of a short three-star chain. - 13 - Colors W? ? Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Moderate IC 63 Other Names: Sharpless 185 Rating: 5 M Position: 0100+6049 Type : Gn Class: E+R Dimensions: 10' x 3' Notes: Gamma Cas is a fast-rotating (300 kps) shell star, which gives rise to an emission-line spectrum, a fact first discovered in 1866 by Father Angelo Secchi. It is also a spectroscopic binary and member of the Cas-Tau OB1 Association. The mass loss to the shell varies with time. This star illuminates the nebula. Observations: C8 at 104x. It lies 24 min ENE of Gamma Cas (2.5m B0 IV, 340 times brighter than the Sun and 200 light years away) and surrounds two 10m stars. NGC 433 Other Names: Stock 22 Rating: 5 M Position: 0115+6008 Type : Oc Dimensions: 2.5' Class: III 2p Cluster population: 23 Notes: The brightest star is 9.0m. Observations: C8 at 83x. Poor, sparse; with parallel N-S chains. - 14 - Magnitude : 11.0 Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 4 Double Stars Difficult Stein 1529 Rating: 5 D Position: 0106+5705 A B Magnitude 12.05 12.61 Separation PA — — 14.2 200 Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. - 15 - Year — 1910 Spectra Colors W ? Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 5 Double Stars Easy Espin 942 Other name(s): ADS 910 Rating: 4 E Position: 0107+5512 A B C Magnitude 9.36 11.00 13.00 Separation — 19.0 4.5 - PA — 174 92 - Year — 1910 1971 Spectra Colors W ? No Notes: AB 1 measurement. AC 1910: 4.8 @ 97. 2 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. It is a vertex of a 10m right triangle. Distance (LY): 480 Total luminosity (Suns): 4 Theta Cas Other name(s): OS 553; HD 6961 Rating: 5 E Position: 0111+5509 A B Magnitude 4.33 10.40 Separation PA — — 131.2 -! 140 + Year — 1986 Spectra A7 V Colors W ? Notes: 1853: 154.6 @ 132. 4 measurements. A is a spectroscopic binary, B is optical. - 16 - Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 4.16 inches. Separation: AB = 28.1 miles. Distance (LY): 137 Total luminosity (Suns): 27.6 Zone 35, Map 6 Double Stars Easy h1074 Rating: 5 E Position: 0115+6310 A B Magnitude 10.60 11.20 Separation PA — — 8.7 = 339 - Year — 1903 Notes: 1897: 8.7 @ 340. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 116 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.094 - 17 - Spectra Colors W O? Zone 35 STF 109 Other name(s): ADS 1068 Rating: 3 E Position: 0120+6355 A B Magnitude 9.86 10.54 Separation PA — — 7.2 + 11 + Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W bW Notes: 1832: 7.0 @ 10. 12 measurements. Hipparcos gives different distances. For A, it gives 32,600 light years (making A as bright as 9,800 Suns!). For B, it gives 78 light years. Observations: C11 at 115x. 35 Cas Rating: 2 E Other name(s): OSS 15; South 397; ADS 1088; HD 8003; SAO 11712 Position: 0121+6439 A B Magnitude 6.30 8.70 Separation PA — — 56.0 +! 343 - Year — 1992 Spectra A0 Vm Colors W dR!! Notes: 1824: 50.4 @ 353. 30 measurements. The stars have different proper motions. The primary is spinning rapidly at 240 kps. Observations: C8 at 104x. Webb saw them as W, O. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 9.00 inches. Separation: AB = 20.9 miles. Distance (LY): 239 Total luminosity (Suns): 15.1 - 18 - Zone 35 STF 121 Other name(s): ADS 1144; SAO 11766 Rating: 3 E Position: 0128+6428 A B Magnitude 9.30 10.00 Separation PA — — 11.4 270 - Year — 1981 Spectra F5 V Colors W B Notes: 1831: 13.8 @ 279. 17 measurements. Observations: C8 at 65x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 12.4 inches. Separation: AB = 7.74 miles. Distance (LY): 435 Total luminosity (Suns): 4 Moderate Stein 200 Other name(s): SAO 11677 Rating: 5 M Position: 0118+6346 A B Magnitude 10.21 11.51 Separation PA — — 10.8 154 + Notes: 1904: 11.2 @ 147. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. - 19 - Year — 1956 Spectra Colors W bW? Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 7 Double Stars Moderate Kruger 11 Other name(s): ADS 1062; HD 7859 Rating: 3 M Position: 0120+6135 A B Magnitude 9.57 9.66 Separation PA — — 2.0 + 239 = Year — 1999 Spectra F5 Notes: 1890: 1.8 @ 239. 18 measurements. Observations: C11 at 193x. This pair is the right angle of a small right triangle. - 20 - Colors W W Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 8 Double Stars Easy Espin 1870 Other name(s): ADS 1052 Rating: 3 E Position: 0119+6053 A B Magnitude 10.32 10.65 Separation PA — — 3.7 = 286 = Year — 1973 Spectra B7 Colors W W Notes: 1903: 3.7 @ 286. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Yes, this one was cleanly split at only 115x! A delightful treat! Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 4.10 inches. Separation: AB = 2,059 feet. Distance (LY): 69 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.048 Bur 1102 Other name(s): ADS 1145; HD 236740 Rating: 3 E Position: 0127+6017 A B C Magnitude 7.96 10.76 10.30 Separation — 63 + 1.0 + PA — 265 = 340 + Notes: AB 1889: 60 @ 265. 4 measurements. - 21 - Year — 1991 1977 Spectra B3 Ia Colors W B W Zone 35 AC 1889: 0.8 @ 336. 7 measurements. Hipparcos gives discordant distances— 3,360 light years to A, 27 to B. Observations: C11 at 115x and 634x. Moderate Stein 201 Rating: 5 M Position: 0118+6007 A B Magnitude 11.11 11.95 Separation PA — — 14.6 81 - Year — 1991 Spectra Colors ? ? Notes: 1910: 15.3 @ 82. 4 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Delta Cas Rating: 5 M Other name(s): 37 Cas; Ruchbah, "the knee"; Bpm 19; HD 8538; SAO 22268 Position: 0126+6014 A B Magnitude 2.66 11.06 Separation PA — — 131.7 66 - Year — 1925 Spectra A5 IV Colors W ? Notes: 1909: 136.0 @ 67. 2 measurements. Star A is a spectroscopic binary (and might even be an eclipsing binary) and an infrared emitter and a member of the Hyades Group and is slightly variable. Becvar listed this star as "Ksora". - 22 - Zone 35 From James Kaler's Star Notes: A star with a temperature of 8,400 Kelvin, a fair bit warmer than the Sun, it falls into mid-class A. Stars produce radiation whose quality depends on temperature. Relative to what we see with our eyes, cool stars radiate vast amounts of invisible infrared, very hot stars a great deal of invisible ultraviolet, both of which must be factored in to estimate the star's true luminosity. White Ruchbah falls into a narrow temperature range where we simply do not have to worry much about either the ultraviolet or infrared, and little or no correction is needed. Marginally detected as a disk, the star is not quite four times the radius of the Sun and just barely classed as a giant, which means it has begun its death process, core hydrogen fusion shutting down. With a mass 2.5 times solar, this 600 million-year-old star will become a much larger orange giant in a mere 10 million years. Careful observations show that Ruchbah is slightly variable. Every 1.26 years it undergoes a partial eclipse when a small orbiting companion star, about which nothing is known, passes in front of it. Otherwise the star is quite normal, which makes it a good one against which to measure the properties of others. Ruchbah's greatest significance is that it provides a good background against which to study the local complex system of interstellar gas through which the Sun is now passing. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 9.15 inches. Separation: AB = 20.3 miles. Distance (LY): 99 Total luminosity (Suns): 63 Stein 221 Rating: 4 M Position: 0128+6002 A B Magnitude 10.49 11.80 Separation PA — — 14.4 178 Notes: 1 measurement. - 23 - Year — 1901 Spectra Colors W ? Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. An 8m Y star is 5 min east. Deep Sky Objects Moderate NGC 436 Rating: 5 M Other Names: H VIII 64; Collinder 11; Melotte 6; Raab 2, H VII 45 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Position: 0116+5849 Type : Oc Dimensions: 6' Class: I 2m Cluster population: 40 Magnitude : 8.8 Notes: It is 79 million years old. Its earliest stars are B5 types, and 49 members are known. The brightest star is 11.1m. It lies 32,000 light years from the galactic center and 450 light years below the galactic plane. It is 16 light years in diameter. Observations: C8 at 83x. A poor, tight and small group in a sparse field. Use high power. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Its diameter:would be 5,110 miles; the stars would be, on average, be 750 miles apart. Distance (LY): 9,100 Luminosity (suns): 2,000 - 24 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 9 Double Stars Easy Phi Cas Rating: 4 E Other name(s): 34 Cas; ADS 1073; HD 7927; SAO 22191; H III 23 Position: 0120+5813 A B C Magnitude 4.95 12.20 6.99 Separation — 48.2 +!! 134.1 + PA — 208-! 231 = Year — 1925 1991 Spectra F0 Ia F Colors W ? W Notes: AB 1783: 13.5 @ 272. 3 measurements. AC 1903: 133.8 @ 231. 7 measurements. Star A is a spectroscopic binary and is star #136 of NGC 457; C is #131. Star A is also an infra-red source. Our Sun at this distance would be a feeble 14m. There are two more very faint comes. Observations: C8 at 104x. It lies on the edge of the open cluster NGC 457. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 9.10 inches; C = 1.20 inches. Separation: AB = 177 miles; AC = 492 miles. Distance (LY): 2,350 Total luminosity (Suns): 4,810 - 25 - Zone 35 STF 115 Other name(s): ADS 1105; HD 8272; SAO 22230 Rating: 5 E Position: 0123+5808 A B C D Magnitude 6.40 6.60 12.80 10.50 Separation — 0.1 46.4 + 248.1 - PA — 358 -! 280 + 183 + Year — 1997 1925 1909 Spectra F4 V Colors W No W? ? Notes: AB 1831: 0.7 @ 158. 79 measurements. Orbit computed; period is 210 years, semimajor axis of 0.90" with retrograde motion. AC 1909: 44.6 @ 279. 2 measurements. AD 1880: 249.1 @ 182. 2 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 10.3 inches. Separation: AB = 158 feet; AC = 13.6 miles; AD = 73.0 miles. Distance (LY): 188 Total luminosity (Suns): 8.02 Espin 1712 Other name(s): ADS 1112; HD 8372 Rating: 3 E Position: 0124+5858 A B Magnitude 7.73 9.28 Separation PA — — 47.8 3- Year — 1991 Spectra Notes: 1908: 50.4 @ 5. 10 measurements. Hipparcos shows the B star to be at a distance of 860 light years. - 26 - Colors pY B Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 1,930 Total luminosity (Suns): 292 Moderate Stein 1560 Rating: 3 M Position: 0119+5818 A B Magnitude 9.71 10.02 Separation PA — — 13.7 + 324 + Year — 1999 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1911: 13.6 @ 320. 7 measurements. The stars share a small common proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. It is in the NW quadrant of an airplane-shaped cluster. H 23 is just 5 min E. Deep Sky Objects Easy NGC 457 Rating: 2 E Other Names: The Owl Cluster; Melotte 7; Collinder 12; Raab 3, H VII 42 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Position: 0119+5820 Type : Oc Dimensions: 13' Class: II 3r Cluster population: 100 Magnitude : 6.4 Notes: The listed luminosity does not include Phi Cas. The brightest star is an 8.6m red one. - 27 - Zone 35 The cluster is 25 million years old and 30 light years in diameter. The earliest star types are B2 stars. 204 members are known. It lies 34,500 light years from the galactic center and 750 light years below the galactic plane. Observations: C8 at 104x. It resembles Aquila! Note the 10m/10m double (10" separation, pa130). Phi Cas may (or may not) be a member. If it is, Phi is one of the brightest stars known (275,000 times the Sun's luminosity). Steve Coe writes that "in the Southwest, we call this cluster the Kachina Doll, two sparkling eyes and the rest of the cluster outlines outstretched arms with feathers. Many tribes in the Southwest made such dolls for their rites." Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 11,300 miles; the stars would be, on average, 1,210 miles apart. Distance (LY): 9,300 Luminosity (suns): 19,000 See sketch, next page. - 28 - Zone 35 NGC 457 (The Owl) Open cluster (II 3 r; 100 stars) Observed with C-8 on 9/23/95; s7, t8 Magnification: 100x - 29 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 10 Double Stars Easy Bur 3 Other name(s): ADS 1024; HD 7587; SAO 22146 Rating: 4 E Position: 0117+5630 A B Magnitude 7.91 10.50 Separation PA — — 4.4 = 28 = Year — 1972 Spectra K0 Colors O W Notes: 1875: 4.4 @ 28. 12 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. Espin 1809 Other name(s): ADS 1082; HD 236700 Rating: 4 E Position: 0121+5652 A B Magnitude 9.43 11.00 Separation PA — — 5.9 + 119 + Notes: 1911: 5.6 @ 114. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Very rich field! - 30 - Year — 1992 Spectra B8 Colors W O? Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 4.64 inches. Separation: AB = 3.66 miles. Distance (LY): 398 Total luminosity (Suns): 2.59 Moderate Stein 1594 Rating: 5 M Position: 0123+5635 A B Magnitude 11.18 11.56 Separation PA — — 15.7 305 + Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W? B? Notes: 1912: 15.8 @ 303. 5 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. This pair is the obtuse angle of a triangle with two 10m stars. Distance (LY): 40 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.007 Stein 1593 Rating: 4 M Position: 0123+5538 A B Magnitude 10.66 11.64 Separation PA — — 13.1 209 + Year — 1991 Spectra Colors yW ? Notes: 1912: 13.4 @ 28. 5 measurements. Quadrant reversal in 1912. The digitizee sky survey 2 shows 15.2 @ 206. - 31 - Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. It is bracketed by 10m stars N and S. Stein 1617 Rating: 4 M Position: 0128+5542 A B Magnitude 11.15 11.50 Separation PA — — 11.7 = 43 = Year — 1912 Spectra Colors Y ? Notes: 1911: 11.7 @ 43. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. B appears fainter than 11.m5; more like 12.5m. Nice field. This pair lies on the side of a long and narrow 10m parallelogram. - 32 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 11 Double Stars Easy h1082 Rating: 5 E Position: 0133+6312 A B Magnitude 9.89 10.68 Separation PA — — 12.9 + 252 - Year — 1908 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1898: 12.5 @ 254. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Milburn 280 Other name(s): ADS 1233; HD 9546; SAO 11846 Rating: 5 E Position: 0135+6305 A B C BC Magnitude 6.73 11.33 11.80 Separation PA — — 58.4 79 6.4 45 Notes: 1 measurement each. Observations: C8 at 104x. Very rich field. - 33 - Year — 1923 1923 Spectra K1 V Colors Y ? No Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 62.0 inches. Separation: AB = 35.9 miles. Distance (LY): 394 Total luminosity (Suns): 26.37 Milburn 187 Other name(s): ADS 1249; HD 9681 Rating: 5 E Position: 0137+6430 A B Magnitude 8.96 9.50 Separation PA — — 5.7 + 256 + Year — 1991 Spectra A2 Colors W yW Notes: 1921: 5.6 @ 254. 4 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. Another 9m star is 2 min S. The open cluster NGC 609 is 8 min NE. h1085 Other name(s): ADS 1276 Rating: 2 E Position: 0139+6343 A B Magnitude 8.71 8.74 Separation PA — — 3.8 = 118 =? Year — 1999 Spectra K0 V Colors O bW Notes: 1879: 3.8 @ 298. 20 measurements. There seems to be a quadrant reversal here! 1879 is correct. 1999 should be 298. Observations: C11 at 115x. Very nice! - 34 - Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 2.40 inches. Separation: AB = 5,010 feet. Distance (LY): 160 Total luminosity (Suns): 1.29 Moderate Stein 245 Other name(s): ADS 1265 Rating: 5 M Position: 0138+6353 A B Magnitude 11.35 11.85 Separation PA — — 10.8 88 + Year — 1905 Spectra Colors W? ? Notes: 1905: 11.3 @ 87. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Stein 264 Other name(s): ADS 1342 Rating: 3 M Position: 0143+6402 A B Magnitude 10.00 11.70 Separation PA — — 9.5 = 352 + Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W Y Notes: 1898: 9.5 @ 343. 9 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. It is part of a beautiful little chain of 10m and 11m stars (six in number). This chain goes by the euphemism NGC 637. - 35 - Zone 35 Difficult Milburn 383 Other name(s): ADS 1258 Rating: 4 D Position: 0137+6344 A B C D Magnitude 10.51 12.10 12.80 11.06 Separation — 5.6 32.2 31.5 PA — 162 64 167 Year — 1925 1925 1984 Spectra Colors W ? ? W? Notes: All 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 388 Total luminosity (Suns): 1.43 Deep Sky Objects Moderate NGC 559 Other Names: Collinder 13, H VII 48 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Rating: 4 M Position: 0130+6318 Type : Oc Dimensions: 4.4' Class: I 1m Cluster population: 60 Magnitude : 9.5 Notes: It is 1.3 billion years old. The brightest star is 10.6m. It lies 30,000 light years from the galactic center and slightly above its plane. - 36 - Zone 35 Its diameter is 4 light years. Observations: C8 at 65x. Faint wedge; very sparse. The background looks nebulous (unresolved stars or real gas?). Barbara Wilson says this group looks like a mini-Little Dipper. With the C-11, this group forms a nice tight knot of abouit 8 stars at 115x, and 11 at 193x, with graininess beginning to appear. Very nice effect! Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 1,200 miles; the stars would be, on average, 165 miles apart. Distance (LY): 2,900 Luminosity (suns): 100 NGC 637 Other Names: Collinder 17, H VII 49 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Rating: 5 M Position: 0143+6400 Type : Oc Dimensions: 3.5' Class: I 2m Cluster population: 20 Magnitude : 8.2 Notes: This cluster is 40 million years old and still has a number of B0 types. 55 stars are known to be members. The brightest star is 10.0m. It lies 33,000 light years from the galactic center and 230 light years above its plane. It is 7 light years in diameter. Observations: C8 at 83x. Loose and sparse. There are 8 bright stars, many fainter ones. Note the small triangle of stars near the center. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 2,260 miles; the stars would be, on average, would be 415 miles apart. Distance (LY): 6,900 Luminosity (suns): 2,000 - 37 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 12 Double Stars Easy STF 128 rej Rating: 4 E Other name(s): Stein 227; STF 131?; ADS 1196; HD 9145; SAO 11798 Position: 0132+6102 A B Magnitude 8.10 10.40 Separation PA — — 11.6 309 = Year — 1999 Spectra B8 III Colors W dB Notes: 1901: 12.8 @ 309. 7 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Moderate field. Espin 2588 Other name(s): ADS 1237 Rating: 3 E Position: 0136+6117 A B Magnitude 11.09 12.99 Separation PA — — 28.1 217 + Year — 1992 Notes: 1921: 28.6 @ 215. 2 measurements. It is a member of h1083. Observations: C8 at 104x. A 10m star lies between them. Distance (LY): 358 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.88 - 38 - Spectra Colors W W Zone 35 Difficult Stein 237 Rating: 3 D Other name(s): JCT 2 (a); Espin 2588 (Ac); Stein 239 (DE); ADS 1237 Position: 0136+6117 A B C D E Magnitude 9.40 10.90 11.90 12.20 9.60 Separation — 15.1 + 24.2 66.7 28.1 - PA — 220 + 86 + 132 .217 + Year — 1992 1992 1921 1992 Spectra Colors W W W W? ? Notes: AB 1901: 15.0 @ 203. 3 measurements. AC 1921: 24.6 @ 85. 2 measurements. AD 1901: 14.3 @ 35. 4 measurements. DE 1901: 5.2 @ 334. 1921: 5.5 @ 333. 2 measurements. AF 1921: 28.6 @ 215. 3 measurements. Aa (9.80m) 1992: 1.0 @ 156. 1 measurement. This and Stein 239 are members of the multiple system h1083. Observations: C11 at 115x. The "a" star was not detected even at 634x. This system forms a pretty little chain of faint stars. Distance (LY): 22 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.015 - 39 - Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Easy NGC 654 Other Names: Melotte 9; Collinder 18; Raab 5, H VII 46 Astronomical League Program: H400 Rating: 2 E Position: 0144+6153 Type : Oc Dimensions: 5' Class: II 2r Cluster population: 60 Magnitude : 6.5 Notes: It is 15 million years old. Its earliest stars are hot OB types, and 83 members are known. The brightest star is 7.4m. It lies 32,000 light years from the galactic center and just below its plane. It is 12 light years in diameter. It is interesting to note that the interstellar medium surrounding this cluster contains as much mass as 1,500 Suns, and a number of infrared stars are embedded in it. What is going on here? Observations: C8 at 206x. Pyramid shape. Note the 6m O star on the NE edge. The background looks grainy. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 3,840 miles; the stars would be, on average, 495 miles apart. Distance (LY): 8,200 Luminosity (suns): 13,000 See sketch, next page. - 40 - Zone 35 NGC 654 Open cluster (II 2 r; 60 stars) Observed with C8 on 9/27/95 Magnification: 100x Difficult Trumpler 1 Other Names: Collinder 15 Rating: 2 M Position: 0136+6117 Type : Oc Dimensions: 4.5' Class: I 3p Cluster population: 25 Notes: It is 26 million years old. The brightest star is 9.6m. - 41 - Magnitude : 8.1 Zone 35 Observations: C8 at 206x. Nebulous, with a 4-star chain on the NW side; dense, and best seen in clear skies. Distance (LY): 7,200 Luminosity (suns): 25,000 Trumpler 1 Open cluster (I 3 p; 25 stars) Observed with C8 on 9/27/95 Magnification: 270x - 42 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 13 Double Stars Easy STF 131 Other name(s): ADS 1209; HD 9311; SAO 11822 Rating: 2 E Position: 0133+6041 A B C Magnitude 7.23 9.82 11.90 Separation — 13.9 + 28.2 = PA — 143 = 145 = Year — 1996 1996 Spectra B5 Ib B3 IV Colors O B ? Notes: AB 1827: 13.8 @ 143. 20 measurements. AC 1910: 28.2 @ 145. 4 measurements. Observations: C8 at 65x. It lies near the center of M103. Some observers (including Franks) report Y and B. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 12.0 inches; B = 17.0 inches. Separation: AB = 29.1 miles; AC = 59.0 miles. Distance (LY): 1,340 Total luminosity (Suns): 205 - 43 - Zone 35 Bpm 22 Other name(s): SAO 11826 Rating: 4 E Position: 0136+6039 A B C Magnitude 8.72 9.09 8.20 Separation — 60.0 = 145 +!!? PA — 187 + 125 = Year — 1991 1909 Spectra Colors O W W Notes: AB 1876: 60 @ 186. 3 measurements. AC 1876: 44.3 @ 125. 2 measurements. Is there is misprint in the WDS or did it move this much? The AB stars shown common proper motion. Observations: C11 at 115x. This system lies at the center of the open cluster NGC 581, a rich and tight group dominated by this triple. 44 Cas Other name(s): Bur 1103; ADS 1344; HD 10425; SAO 11941 Rating: 4 E Position: 0143+6033 A B C Magnitude 5.78 12.10 10.84 Separation — 1.6 68.0 + PA — 358 31 + Year — 1934 1984 Spectra B9 III Colors Y ? B Notes: AB 1889: 1.7 @ 4. 3 measurements. Star A is a spectroscopic binary and rotates at 130 kps. AC 1901: 65.1 @ 310. 7 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. - 44 - Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 18.6 inches. Separation: AB = 2.27 miles; AC = 96.6 miles. Distance (LY): 910 Total luminosity (Suns): 331 Moderate Stein 251 Rating: 5 M Position: 0139+6053 A B Magnitude 11.04 12.09 Separation PA — — 11.9 228 Year — 1902 Spectra Colors W ? Notes: 1 measurement. The Tycho-2 catalogue indicates a photo-center solution of a known or suspected double, or one component of a double where the companion has been rejected. Observations: C11 at 115x. A 7.7m Y star (HD 9926) is 2 min south. Stein 250 Rating: 4 M Position: 0139+6001 A B Magnitude 11.60 12.00 Separation PA — — 11.2 + 10 - Notes: 1902: 10.5 @ 12. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. - 45 - Year — 1909 Spectra Colors W W? Zone 35 Difficult P Muller 106 Rating: 3 D Position: 0143+6056 A B C Magnitude 9.05 11.20 12.40 Separation — 0.9 + 8.2 - PA — 159 + 183 + Year — 1992 1992 Spectra G0 Colors Y W? ? Notes: AB 1970: 0.8 @ 158. 4 measurements. AC 1970: 8.5 @ 180. 3 measurements. AB, AC same coordinates as Stein 270. Observations: C11 at 634x. I got a "snowman" for AB. C was difficult. Deep Sky Objects Difficult NGC 581 Other Names: Melotte 8; Collinder 14; Raab 4, M103 Astronomical League Program: Messier Certificate Rating: 4 D Position: 0133+6042 Type : Oc Dimensions: 8' Class: III 2p Cluster population: 40 Magnitude : 8.0 Notes: P. Mechain found it in 1781. This is the last item on the original Messier list. It is 15 light years in diameter and 22 million years old. - 46 - Zone 35 Observations: C8 at 65x. Sparse and fan-shaped, it looks best under low power. The core contains a semi-circle of stars open to the W. With the C11, it is a rich, tight group of 18 stars. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 6,000 miles; the stars would be, on average, 710 miles apart. Distance (LY): 8,000 Luminosity (suns): 3,200 NGC 659 Other Names: Melotte 10; Collinder 19; Raab 6, H VIII 65 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Rating: 3 D Position: 0144+6042 Type : Oc Dimensions: 5' Class: I 2m Cluster population: 40 Magnitude : 9.8 Notes: It is 20 million years old. Its earliest stars are hot OB types, and 186 members are known. The brightest star is 10.4m. It lies 33,500 light years from the galactic center and 200 light years below the galactic plane. It is 10 light years in diameter. Observations: C8 at 83x. Small and round, averted vision is a big help. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 3,230 miles; the stars would be, on average, 470 miles apart. Distance (LY): 6,900 Luminosity (suns): 450 - 47 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 14 Double Stars Easy OS 33 Rating: 3 E Other name(s): Doberck 2 (C); ADS 1262; HD 9812; SAO 22441 Position: 0137+5838 A B C Magnitude 7.25 8.97 Separation — 26.5 + 106.9 - PA — 77 + 109 = Year — 1991 1983 Spectra B8 IV K7 Colors W yO No Notes: AB 1843: 23.5 @ 75. 39 measurements. The stars have a small difference in proper motion. AC 1902: 107 @ 109. 6 measurements. Common proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. Webb saw them as Y and ? Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 27.0 inches; B = 28 feet! Separation: AB = 248 miles; AC = 1,001 miles Distance (LY): 6,000 Total luminosity (Suns): 4,220 - 48 - Zone 35 h1088 Other name(s): ADS 1334; HD 10293; SAO 22520 Rating: 3 E Position: 0142+5837 A B Magnitude 6.35 9.80 Separation PA — — 19.9 + 168 = Year — 1997 Spectra B8 III Colors W dB Notes: 1900: 19.7 @ 168. 15 measurements. The stars have different proper motions. Observations: C8 at 104x. A curious-looking chain of 9m stars lies S of this star. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 18.0 inches. Separation: AB = 45.3 miles. Distance (LY): 1,460 Total luminosity (Suns): 520 Moderate Stein 1647 Rating: 4 M Position: 0139+5727 A B Magnitude 10.81 11.92 Separation PA — — 12.9 + 359 + Notes: 1910: 12.7 @ 358. 6 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. An 8m star is 3 min S. - 49 - Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W B Zone 35 Difficult A 942 Other name(s): ADS 1200 Rating: 3 D Position: 0132+5826 A B Magnitude 9.29 10.02 Separation PA — — 1.9 + 47 +! Year — 1991 Spectra B8 Colors W W Notes: 1905: 1.3 @ 28. 19 measurements. Observations: C11 at 634x. It was split at 339x, but looked better at 634x. Bur 870 Other name(s): A 1359; ADS 1359; HD 10543; SAO 22566 Rating: 5 D Position: 0144+5732 A B Magnitude 6.18 8.56 Separation PA — — 0.7 348 -! Year — 1999 Spectra A3 V F0 Notes: 1880: 1.0 @ 69. 76 measurements. A premature orbit has been computed. Observations: C8 at 206x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.10 inches; B = 5.70 inches. Separation: AB = 1,488 feet. Distance (LY): 258 Total luminosity (Suns): 18.5 - 50 - Colors W W Zone 35 Tycho 61 Rating: 5 D Position: 0145+5755 A B Magnitude 10.51 11.86 Separation PA — — 2.0 162 Year — 1991 Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 634x. Rich field. Distance (LY): 60 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.023 - 51 - Spectra Colors W Y Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 15 Double Stars Easy h2050 Rating: 4 E Position: 0133+5628 A B Magnitude 10.44 11.47 Separation PA — — 15.3 82 Year — 1904 Spectra Colors W? ? Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. h2047 Rating: 4 E Position: 0134+5553 A B Magnitude 10.66 10.88 Separation PA — — 13.0 + 54 + Year — 1991 Spectra Notes: 1903: 12.0 @ 45. 4 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. It lies between two bright stars— 8m (NE) and 7m (SW). - 52 - Colors W W Zone 35 A 1265 Other name(s): ADS 1266; HD 232480; SAO 22451 Rating: 4 E Position: 0138+5511 A B Magnitude 8.78 11.26 Separation PA — — 52.5 251 Year — 1919 Spectra K2 Colors pO bW Notes: 1 measurement. Similar proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. Moderate field. h2066 Rating: 4 E Position: 0142+5547 A B Magnitude 10.30 10.45 Separation PA — — 20.3 + 71 + Year — 1982 Notes: 1909: 19.1 @ 67. 5 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. It lies 8 min W of an 8m W star. Distance (LY): 53 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.031 - 53 - Spectra Colors pO W Zone 35 OS 35 Other name(s): ADS 1353; HD 10495; SAO 22555 Rating: 4 E Position: 0144+5553 A B Magnitude 6.94 10.73 Separation PA — — 12.7 + 99 - Year — 1958 Spectra A2 V Colors Y ? Notes: 1845: 9 @ 117. 26 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 12.6 inches. Separation: AB = 10.9 miles. Distance (LY): 550 Total luminosity (Suns): 41 Espin 1772 Other name(s): ADS 1364; HD 236852 Rating: 4 E Position: 0145+5607 A B C BC Magnitude 10.05 10.84 11.70 Separation PA — — 24.7 108 + Year — 1983 2.9 + 1993 138 - Spectra A0 Colors W O? No Notes: AB 1913: 25 @ 107. 4 measurements. Hipparcos gives discordant distances— 206 light years to A, 526 to B. BC 1912: 2.4 @ 141. 4 measurements. - 54 - Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. Very nice field. Espin 1773 Other name(s): ADS 1372; HD 236858; SAO 22584 Rating: 5 E Position: 0145+5606 Magnitude A 9.15 B 11.30 C 12.30 BC Separation PA — — 55.9 + 285 + 5.2 - Year — 1984 1919 Spectra G5 Colors Y bW No 334 Notes: AB 1913: 55.2 @ 284. 4 measurements. BC 1915: 6.1 @ 335. 2 measurements. May be optical because Hipparcos gives different distances (150 and 103 light years). Observations: C8 at 104x. A 10.5m pair is 2 min W. Moderate Espin 46 Other name(s): ADS 1280; HD 232483 Rating: 4 M Position: 0139+5514 A B C Magnitude 9.38 10.60 9.41 Separation — 2.7 54.5 + PA — 37 = 289 + Notes: AB 1901: 2.9 @ 37. 8 measurements. AC 1901: 53.0 @ 288. 8 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. - 55 - Year — 1997 1991 Spectra B8 Colors W W W Zone 35 Milburn 111 Rating: 4 M Position: 0139+5651 A B C Magnitude 10.52 11.10 10.70 Separation — 2.0 = 9.9 - PA — 42 228 - Year — 1982 1919 Notes: AB 1919: 2.0 @ 44. 2 measurements. AC 1914: 10.5 @ 232. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 634x. It is nested inside a small 9m triangle. Distance (LY): 238 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.673 - 56 - Spectra Colors W W W Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 16 Reference Star Epsilon Cas Rating: na Other name(s): 45 Cas; Segin; Ruchbah; HD 11415; SAO 12031 Position: 0154+6340 A Magnitude 3.35 Separation PA — — Year — Spectra B3 III Colors W Notes: This star is helium weak and has a shell and is a member of the Cas-Tau OB1 Association (and a member of the Pleiades group). Distance (LY): 442 Total luminosity (Suns): 670 Double Stars Easy Engelmann 7 Other name(s): HD 10780 Rating: 4 E Position: 0148+6351 A B Magnitude 5.63 9.67 Separation PA — — 91 -! 138 + Notes: 1892: 102.7 @ 135. 3 measurements. - 57 - Year — 1911 Spectra K0 V Colors D! W Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. The PA is not the value listed. On 12/31/01, I measured 172 deg with the MicroGuide. The color in A is very nice. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 2.40 inches. Separation: AB = 4.69 miles. Distance (LY): 33 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.487 STF 163 Other name(s): ADS 1459; HD 11092; SAO 12006 Rating: 1 E Position: 0151+6451 A B C Magnitude 6.54 9.17 10.75 Separation — 34.6 114.3 - PA — 37 + 255 + Year — 1991 1991 Spectra K5 Ia Colors drO!! B ? Notes: AB 1831: 34.9 @ 34. 23 measurements. Hipparcos/Tycho data show different distances for these stars; they may be optical. The stars have a small difference in proper motion. AC 1879: 114.8 @ 254. 7 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Wonderful colors! Webb said reddish-gold and blue. "Colors splendid," he wrote. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 31.9 inches. Separation: AB = 8,640 miles; AC = 28,540 miles. If the distance to this system is correct, it cannot possibly be a binary! Distance (LY): 160,000 Total luminosity (Suns): 5,924,300 See sketch, next page. - 58 - Zone 35 B C A Σ163 Double star; rO!!, B; 6.5 / 9.2; 35” @ Observed with C11 on 10/13/03 Magnification: Moderate Pettitt 3 Other name(s): Olivier 114; Stein 317; ADS 1493 Rating: 4 M Position: 0154+6324 A B Magnitude 10.32 10.78 Separation PA — — 3.9 + 135 = Year — 1997 Notes: 1913: 3.2 @ 135. 7 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. This pair is the NW corner of a small trapezoid. Distance (LY): 108 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.1113 - 59 - Spectra Colors W W Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Moderate IC 1747 Other Names: PK 130+1.1 Rating: 3 M Position: 0158+6320 Type : Pn Dimensions: 13" Class: 3b Magnitude : 12.1 Notes: The central star is 15.8m. Observations: C8 at 206x. It shows up best at high power. It is round and faint, but has a sharp, bright center. It is the right angle of a 10m right triangle. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 138 miles. Distance (LY): 6,800 Luminosity (suns): 52 - 60 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 17 Double Stars Easy STF 153 Other name(s): ADS 1390; SAO 11974 Rating: 3 E Position: 0146+6116 A B Magnitude 9.20 10.20 Separation PA — — 7.7 + 69 = Year — 1991 Spectra B3 II Colors W O Notes: 1831: 7.5 @ 69. 12 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. It is on the N edge of open cluster NGC 663. STF 152 rej Other name(s): ADS 1384; SAO 11968 Rating: 5 E Position: 0146+6113 A B Magnitude 8.83 11.38 Separation PA — — 9.1 107 + Year — 1991 Notes: 1902: 9.4 @ 104. 8 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. It lies in the E end of the open cluster NGC 663. - 61 - Spectra B2 Colors Y R Zone 35 STF 151 rej Other name(s): ADS 1381 Rating: 5 E Position: 0146+6113 A B Magnitude 10.50 11.00 Separation PA — — 7.2 + 37 - Year — 1991 Spectra B3 Colors W ? Notes: 1875: 6.7 @ 40. 8 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. It lies in the E end of the open cluster NGC 663. Espin 1951 Other name(s): ADS 1433 Rating: 4 E Position: 0149+6135 A B Magnitude 10.57 11.04 Separation PA — — 6.6 + 340 +? Year — 1993 Notes: 1908: 6.0 @ 153. 5 measurements. Quadrant reversal? Observations: C11 at 115x. Nice, but faint. - 62 - Spectra Colors W W Zone 35 h1091 Other name(s): HD 10892; SAO 11992 Rating: 3 E Position: 0149+6150 A B Magnitude 8.57 8.94 Separation PA — — 28.3 + 152 = Year — 1991 Spectra A2 V Colors W W Notes: 1904: 27.7 @ 152. 8 measurements. Hipparcos/Tycho mission data show different distances for these stars (572 and 487 light years); they may be optical. However, the stars show similar proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. Moderate field. Espin 1872 Other name(s): ADS 1452 Rating: 4 E Position: 0151+6105 A B C BC Magnitude 10.11 11.10 11.70 Separation PA — — 25.5 271 2.8 - 346 - Notes: AB 1 measurement. BC 1921: 3.1 @ 349. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. C was very difficult. - 63 - Year — 1921 1989 Spectra F5 V Colors W W? ? Zone 35 STF 182 Other name(s): ADS 1531; HD 11669; SAO 12046 Rating: 2 E Position: 0156+6117 A B C Magnitude 7.43 7.47 13.30 Separation — 3.5 29.9 + PA — 124 +? 71 + Year — 1998 1953 Spectra B7 V Colors W bW No Notes: AB 1832: 3.6 @ 302. 52measurements. Quadrant reversal? AC 1913: 28.4. @ 65. 2 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. Webb saw the primary as Y. Rich field. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 10.5 inches. Separation: AB = 18.0 miles; AC = 154 miles. Distance (LY): 3,300 Total luminosity (Suns): 1,460 Moderate Espin 1950 Other name(s): ADS 1388; SAO 11972 Rating: 4 M Position: 0146+6115 A B Magnitude 8.48 12.29 Separation PA — — 28.8 + 253 = Notes: 1922: 28.4 @ 253. 2 measurements. B has a 12.8m companion at 2.2 @ 76 (1922). - 64 - Year — 1922 Spectra B2 Colors bW B Zone 35 Observations: C8 at 104x. It lies at the N end of NGC 663. Deep Sky Objects Easy NGC 663 Other Names: Melotte 11; Collinder 20; Raab 7, H VI 31 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Rating: 2 E Position: 0146+6115 Type : Oc Dimensions: 16' Class: II 3r Cluster population: 80 Magnitude : 7.1 Notes: It is 22 million years old. Its earliest stars are B1 types, and 108 members are known. The brightest star is 8.4m. It lies 33,000 light years from the galactic center and 120 light years below the galactic plane. It is 34 light years in diameter. Observations: C8 at 65x. Large and bright, with many B and W stars. A dark line seems to bisect it in a N-S direction. The background is grainy. It contains STF 151, STF 152, and STF 153. With the C11, it is very rich and fills about 2/3 of the 115x field of view. I counted about 80 stars. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 10,800 miles; the stars would be, on average, 1,270 miles apart. Distance (LY): 7,200 Luminosity (suns): 5,900 See sketch, next page. - 65 - Zone 35 NGC 663 Open cluster (II 3 r; 80 Observed with-8 on 9/27/95 Magnification: 100x Moderate IC 166 Other Names: Tombaugh 3 Rating: 5 M Position: 0153+6150 Type : Oc Dimensions: 4.5' Class: III 1r Cluster population: 120 Magnitude : 11.7 Notes: It is 14 light years in diameter and 1.6 billion years old. The brightest star is 11.7m. Observations: C8 at 206x. It is a nebulous, unresolved patch requiring averted vision and high powers. The field is also faint. With a 13-inch Newtonian, Steve Coe writes that there is "a wide dark lane that splits the cluster into 1/3 and 2/3 portions." Not noted in my 8-inch. - 66 - Zone 35 Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 4,510 miles; the stars would be, on average, 460 miles apart. Distance (LY): 11,000 Luminosity (suns): 200 Zone 35, Map 18 Double Stars Easy STF 156 Other name(s): ADS 1421; HD 10871 Rating: 3 E Position: 0149+6027 A B Magnitude 8.36 10.39 Separation PA — — 5.8 + 101 + Year — 1990 Notes: 1832: 5.1 @ 96. 8 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.40 inches. Separation: AB = 11.8 miles. Distance (LY): 1,300 Total luminosity (Suns): 70.0 - 67 - Spectra A9 V Colors W O? Zone 35 Hipparcos 259 Other name(s): HD 11463 Rating: 2 E Position: 0155+5954 A B Magnitude 8.34 10.45 Separation PA — — 16.7 + 212 + Year — 1997 Spectra B9 IV Colors W O Notes: 1901: 15.5 @ 211. 6 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. It is the center star of a small "Corona Borealis" asterism of 8m and 9m stars. Very nice field. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 2.29 inches. Separation: AB = 21.9 miles. Distance (LY): 840 Total luminosity (Suns): 30.2 A. G. 301 Other name(s): ADS 1527; HD 11632 Rating: 3 E Position: 0156+6035 A B Magnitude 9.33 10.11 Separation PA — — 8.5 263 + Notes: 1877: 8.8 @ 262. 4 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. - 68 - Year — 1991 Spectra G0 Colors W W Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 18.3 inches. Separation: AB = 17.2 miles. Distance (LY): 1,300 Total luminosity (Suns): 36.8 h1098 Rating: 5 E Position: 0159+6010 A B Magnitude 10.10 12.61 Separation PA — — 16.3 343 = Year — 1911 Spectra Colors W ? Notes: 1909: 16.5 @ 343. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. This pair is the second star off the point of a wedge-shaped asterism of 10m and 11m stars. A 9m star lies 3 min west. Distance (LY): 112 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.097 Moderate Stein 315 Rating: 5 M Position: 0151+6001 A B Magnitude 10.69 12.48 Separation PA — — 14.5 + 128 + Notes: 1902: 13.8 @ 126. 4 measurements. - 69 - Year — 1910 Spectra Colors W W Zone 35 Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 880 Total luminosity (Suns): 3.84 Milburn 47 Other name(s): ADS 1455 Rating: 4 M Position: 0151+5939 A B C Magnitude 10.17 12.30 10.10 Separation — 2.4 = 37.1 - PA — 185 + 131 + Year — 1984 1991 Spectra Colors W ? W Notes: AB 1918: 2.4 @ 174. 2 measurements. AC 1901: 39.5 @ 133. 6 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. Stein 320 Rating: 4 M Position: 0155+6016 A B Magnitude 10.49 11.00 Separation PA — — 12.4 352 + Notes: 1901: 12.5 @ 349. 5 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Two 8.5m stars lie 3 min south. - 70 - Year — 1996 Spectra Colors W Y? Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Easy NGC 743 Rating: 3 E Position: 0159+6011 Type : Oc Dimensions: 5' Class: IV 1p Cluster population: 12 Notes: The brightest star is 10.0m. Observations: C8 at 104x. Sharply triangular, it is framed by five 8m stars. - 71 - Magnitude : 10.0 Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 19 Double Stars Easy h1093 Other name(s): ADS 1474 Rating: 3 E Position: 0152+5838 A B Magnitude 9.04 9.77 Separation PA — — 4.9 + 24 - Year — 1990 Spectra A0 Colors W W Notes: 1910: 3.5 @ 31. 9 measurements. May be optical because Hipparcos gives different distances (136 and 66 light years). Observations: C8 at 104x. It is set inside a small 10m triangle. Argelander 6 Other name(s): ADS 1480; HD 11307; SAO 22703 Rating: 4 E Position: 0153+5717 A B Magnitude 8.13 9.94 Separation PA — — 14.7 + 136 - Year — 1957 Spectra B9 Colors W B Notes: 1904: 14.2 @ 137. 8 measurements. The stars have different proper motions. Observations: C8 at 104x. It lies on the northern edge of the open cluster Stock 4. - 72 - Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 5.07 inches. Separation: AB = 1.83 miles. Distance (LY): 80 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.32 Moderate Stein 1710 Rating: 5 M Position: 0154+5721 A B Magnitude 10.71 12.40 Separation PA — — 10.1 238 Year — 1911 Spectra Colors W ? Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. A 10m triangle lies 3 min S and a 9m star 5 min NW. Difficult Stein 1744 Rating: 4 D Position: 0159+5734 A B Magnitude 11.10 11.50 Separation PA — — 5.2 155 - Year — 1911 Notes: 1910: 5.6 @ 156. 5 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Faint field. Distance (LY): 81 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.031 - 73 - Spectra Colors W bW Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Moderate Stock 4 Rating: 4 M Position: 0153+5704 Type : Oc Dimensions: 20' Class: III 1p Cluster population: 15 Magnitude : 11.0 Notes: The brightest star is 11.0m. Observations: C8 at 104x. The stars are fairly even in magnitude. It is a faint group in a triangular shape. Two 8m stars lie 6 min N (the brighter one Argelander 6; the fainter one is SAO 22708). - 74 - Zone 35 Zone 35, Map 20 Double Stars Easy Espin 947 Other name(s): ADS 1401 Rating: 5 E Position: 0147+5528 A B C Magnitude 9.71 11.00 11.44 Separation — 4.6 + 26.7 PA — 212 + 26 Year — 1935 1910 Spectra Colors yW No bW Notes: AB 1910: 4.4 @ 205. 2 measurements. AC 1910: 26.7 @ 26. 1 measurement. May be optical because Hipparcos gives different distances (413 and 13 light years). Observations: C8 at 104x. Moderate field. h2082 Other name(s): ADS 1437; HD 236885 Rating: 3 E Position: 0150+5646 A B Magnitude 8.83 9.93 Separation PA — — 16.2 + 126 = Notes: 1905: 16.1 @ 126. 10 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. - 75 - Year — 1974 Spectra F8 V Colors W O? Zone 35 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 3.60 inches. Separation: AB = 7.56 miles. Distance (LY): 299 Total luminosity (Suns): 3.65 h2096 Other name(s): ADS 1536 Rating: 4 E Position: 0157+5631 A B Magnitude 10.65 12.40 Separation PA — — 7.2 + 356 - Year — 1911 Spectra Colors W ? Notes: 1909: 7.0 @ 360. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Faint but rich field. Espin 949 Other name(s): ADS 1565 Rating: 4 E Position: 0159+5545 A B C Magnitude 9.97 10.23 11.23 Separation — 6.1 + 25.6 + PA — 264 = 19 = Year — 1991 Spectra Notes: AB 1910: 5.7 @ 264. 8 measurements. AC 1910: 24.0 @ 19. 5 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. A neat flying saucer-like asterism lies 3 min east. Distance (LY): 60 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.060 - 76 - Colors Y W? W? Zone 35 Smart 25 Rating: 4 E Position: 0159+5517 A B Magnitude 10.13 10.73 Separation PA — — 26.4 104 =? Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W ? Notes: 1900: 26.5 @ 284. 6 measurements. Quadrant reversal obvious in 1900. DSS2 shows 26 @ 104. Observations: C11 at 115x. Moderate Stein 1712 Rating: 5 M Position: 0155+5601 A B Magnitude 9.86 11.40 Separation PA — — 7.8 + 359 + Year — 1913 Notes: 1912: 7.5 @ 354. 4 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 600 Total luminosity (Suns): 3.99 - 77 - Spectra Colors W ? Zone 35 Stein 1742 Rating: 4 M Position: 0159+5713 A B Magnitude 10.31 13.06 Separation PA — — 6.9 289 + Year — 1911 Spectra Colors W B? Notes: 1911: 7.1 @ 287. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. This pair is the tip of a small very acute triangle. Distance (LY): 1,500 Total luminosity (Suns): 14.5 Stein 1741 Rating: 5 M Position: 0159+5529 A B Magnitude 11.38 11.41 Separation PA — — 13.7 55 +?? Year — 1991 Spectra Colors ? ? Notes: 1911: 13.9 @ 234. 6 measurements. Quadrant reversal. DSS2 shows 22.8 @ 243. Observations: C11 at 115x. It is bracketed by 9m and 10m stars. - 78 - Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Moderate NGC 744 Other Names: Collinder 22 Rating: 5 M Position: 0158+5529 Type : Oc Dimensions: 11' Class: III 1p Cluster population: 20 Magnitude : 8.6 Notes: It is 39 million years old, and its earliest stars are B7 and B9 types. 99 members are known. The brightest star is 10.4m. This cluster lies 31,000 light years from the galactic center and 500 light years below its plane. It is 16 light years in diameter. Observations: C8 at 65x. This is a coarse group. Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 5,050 miles; the stars would be, on average, 950 miles apart. Distance (LY): 4,900 Luminosity (suns): 680 - 79 - Zone 35 Zone 33 Mini-Catalog Double Stars Star Designation Position Rating Map STF 163 0151+6451 1E 16 35 Cas 0121+6439 2E 6 STF 131 0133+6041 2E 13 h1085 0139+6343 2E 11 Hipparcos 259 0155+5954 2E 18 STF 182 0156+6117 2E 17 Espin 1870 0119+6053 3E 8 STF 109 0120+6355 3E 6 Espin 1712 0124+5858 3E 9 Bur 1102 0127+6017 3E 8 STF 121 0128+6428 3E 6 Espin 2588 0136+6117 3E 12 OS 33 0137+5838 3E 14 h1088 0142+5837 3E 14 STF 153 0146+6116 3E 17 STF 156 0149+6027 3E 18 h1091 0149+6150 3E 17 h2082 0150+5646 3E 20 h1093 0152+5838 3E 19 A. G. 301 0156+6035 3E 18 Espin 1869 0103+6135 4E 2 Component A B C A B A B C A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B - 80 - Specifications Mag Sep from A 6.54 — 9.17 34.6 10.75 114.3 6.30 — 8.70 56.0 +! 7.23 — 9.82 13.9 + 11.90 28.2 = 8.71 — 8.74 3.8 = 8.34 — 10.45 16.7 + 7.43 — 7.473 3.5 13.30 29.9 + 10.32 — 10.65 3.7 = 9.86 — 10.54 7.2 + 7.73 — 9.28 47.8 7.96 — 10.76 63 + 10.30 1.0 + 9.30 — 10.00 11.4 11.09 — 12.99 28.1 7.25 — 8.97 26.5 + 6.35 — 9.80 19.9 + 9.20 — 10.20 7.7 + 8.36 — 10.39 5.8 + 8.57 — 8.94 28.3 + 8.83 — 9.93 16.2 + 9.04 — 9.77 4.9 + 9.33 — 10.11 8.5 8.96 — 9.90 6.1 + PA from A — 37 + 114.3 — 343 — 143 = 28.2 = — 118 =? — 212 + — 124 +? 29.9 + — 286 = — 11 + — 3— 265 = 1.0 + — 270 — 217 + — 77 + — 168 = — 69 = — 101 + — 152 = — 126 = — 24 — 263 + — 145 + Zone 35 Star Designation Position Rating Map Espin 942 0107+5512 4E 5 Bur 3 0117+5630 4E 10 Phi Cas 0120+5813 4E 9 Espin 1809 0121+5652 4E 10 STF 128 rej 0132+6102 4E 12 h2050 0133+5628 4E 15 h2047 0134+5553 4E 15 Bpm 22 0136+6039 4E 13 A 1265 0138+5511 4E 15 h2066 0142+5547 4E 15 44 Cas 0143+6033 4E 13 OS 35 0144+5553 4E 15 Espin 1772 0145+5607 4E 15 Engelmann 7 0148+6351 4E 16 Espin 1951 0149+6135 4E 17 Espin 1872 0151+6105 4E 17 Argelander 6 0153+5717 4E 19 h2096 0157+5631 4E 20 Smart 25 0159+5517 4E 20 Espin 949 0159+5545 4E 20 Component A B C A B A B C A B A B A B A B A B C A B A B A B C A B A B C BC A B A B A B C BC A B A B A B A B C - 81 - Specifications Mag Sep from A 9.36 — 11.00 19.0 13.00 4.5 7.91 — 10.50 4.4 = 4.95 — 12.20 48.2 +!! 6.99 134.1 + 9.43 — 11.00 5.9 + 8.10 — 10.40 11.6 10.44 — 11.47 15.3 10.66 — 10.88 13.0 + 8.72 — 9.09 60.0 = 8.20 145 +!!? 8.78 — 11.26 52.5 10.30 — 10.45 20.3 + 5.78 — 12.10 1.6 10.84 68.0 + 6.94 — 10.73 12.7 + 10.05 — 10.84 24.7 11.70 2.9 + 5.63 — 9.67 91 -! 10.57 — 11.04 6.6 + 10.11 — 11.10 25.5 11.70 2.8 8.13 — 9.94 14.7 + 10.65 — 12.40 7.2 + 10.13 — 10.73 26.4 9.97 — 10.23 6.1 + 11.23 25.6 + PA from A — 174 4.5 — 28 = — 208-! 134.1 + — 119 + — 309 = — 82 — 54 + — 187 + 145 +!!? — 251 — 71 + — 358 68.0 + — 99 — 108 + 138 — 138 + — 340 +? — 271 346 — 136 — 356 — 104 =? — 264 = 25.6 + Zone 35 Star Designation Position Rating Map Milburn 246 0104+6341 5E 1 Theta Cas 0111+5509 5E 5 h1074 0115+6310 5E 6 STF 115 0123+5808 5E 9 h1082 0133+6312 5E 11 Milburn 280 0135+6305 5E 11 Milburn 187 0137+6430 5E 11 Espin 1773 0145+5606 5E 15 STF 152 rej 0146+6113 5E 17 STF 151 rej 0146+6113 5E 17 Espin 947 0147+5528 5E 20 h1098 0159+6010 5E 18 Stein 1560 0119+5818 3M 9 Kruger 11 0120+6135 3M 7 Stein 264 0143+6402 3M 11 h1066 0107+6241 4M 2 h1070 0107+6213 4M 2 Milburn 249 0110+6252 4M 2 Kruger 10 0112+6111 4M 2 Stein 1593 0123+5538 4M 10 Component A B A B A B A B C D A B A B C BC A B A B C BC A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B A B A B C D E F A B A B C A B - 82 - Specifications Mag Sep from A 8.14 — 10.92 3.7 + 4.33 — 10.40 131.2 -! 10.60 — 11.20 8.7 = 6.40 — 6.60 0.1 12.80 46.4 + 10.50 248.1 9.89 — 10.68 12.9 + 6.730 — 11.33 58.4 11.80 6.4 8.96 — 9.50 5.7 + 9.15 — 11.30 55.9 + 12.30 5.2 8.83 — 11.38 9.1 10.50 — 11.00 7.2 + 9.71 — 11.00 4.6 + 11.44 26.7 10.10 — 12.61 16.3 9.71 — 10.02 13.7 + 9.57 — 9.66 2.0 + 10.00 — 11.70 9.5 = 7.62 — 11.35 7.9 + 9.59 — 12.40 3.9 + 12.50 9.2 11.90 50 10.00 11.6 – 13.50 6.4 10.86 — 11.00 3.4 + 9.09 — 10.60 3.5 + 11.30 23.4 10.66 — 11.64 13.1 - PA from A — 218 — 140 + — 339 — 358 -! 46.4 + 248.1 — 252 — 79 45 — 256 + — 285 + 334 — 107 + — 37 — 212 + 26.7 — 343 = — 324 + — 239 = — 352 + — 295 = — 49 9.2 50 101 + 66 — 198 — 278 23.4 — 209 + Zone 35 Star Designation Position Rating Map Stein 1617 0128+5542 4M 10 Stein 221 0128+6002 4M 8 Stein 250 0139+6001 4M 13 Milburn 111 0139+5651 4M 15 Espin 46 0139+5514 4M 15 Stein 1647 0139+5727 4M 14 Espin 1950 0146+6115 4M 17 Milburn 47 0151+5939 4M 18 Pettitt 3 0154+6324 4M 16 Stein 320 0155+6016 4M 18 Stein 1742 0159+5713 4M 20 h1063 0101+6229 5M 2 Stein 168 0104+5929 5M 3 Stein 175 0105+6025 5M 3 Smart 14 0107+6038 5M 3 Smart 13 0107+6056 5M 3 Smart 15 0108+6103 5M 2 Stein 201 0118+6007 5M 8 Stein 200 0118+6346 5M 6 Stein 1594 0123+5635 5M 10 Delta Cas 0126+6014 5M 8 Stein 245 0138+6353 5M 11 Stein 251 0139+6053 5M 13 Stein 315 0151+6001 5M 18 Stein 1710 0154+5721 5M 19 Component A B A B A B A B C A B C A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B - 83 - Specifications Mag Sep from A 11.15 — 11.50 11.7 = 10.49 — 11.80 14.4 11.60 — 12.00 11.2 + 10.52 — 11.10 2.0 = 10.70 9.9 9.38 — 10.60 2.7 9.41 54.5 + 10.81 — 11.92 12.9 + 8.48 — 12.29 28.8 + 10.17 — 12.30 2.4 = 10.10 37.1 10.32 — 10.78 3.9 + 10.49 — 11.00 12.4 10.31 — 13.06 6.9 11.26 — 11.90 8.8 10.54 — 11.80 8.3 11.16 — 12.69 13.8 = 11.09 — 12.40 9.5 10.34 — 12.16 13.7 11.00 — 11.50 10.6 11.11 — 11.95 14.6 10.21 — 11.51 10.8 11.18 — 11.56 15.7 2.66 — 11.06 131.7 11.35 — 11.85 10.8 11.04 — 12.09 11.9 10.69 — 12.48 14.5 + 10.71 — 12.40 10.1 PA from A — 43 = — 178 — 10 — 42 9.9 — 37 = 54.5 + — 359 + — 253 = — 185 + 37.1 — 135 = — 352 + — 289 + — 288 + — 124 — 182 = — 176 — 90 — 15 — 81 — 154 + — 305 + — 66 — 88 + — 228 — 128 + — 238 Zone 35 Star Designation Position Rating Map Stein 1712 0155+5601 5M 20 Stein 1741 0159+5529 5M 20 A 942 0132+5826 3D 14 Stein 237 0136+6117 3D 12 P Muller 106 0143+6056 3D 13 Bur 258 0113+6142 4D 2 Milburn 383 0137+6344 4D 11 Stein 1744 0159+5734 4D 19 Stein 1529 0106+5705 5D 4 Bur 870 0144+5732 5D 14 Tycho 61 0145+5755 5D 14 Component A B A B A B A B C D E A B C A B C A B C D A B A B A B A B - 84 - Specifications Mag Sep from A 9.86 — 11.40 7.8 + 11.38 — 11.41 13.7 9.29 — 10.02 1.9 + 9.40 — 10.90 15.1 + 11.90 24.2 12.20 66.7 9.60 28.1 9.05 — 11.20 0.9 + 12.40 8.2 6.40 — 8.87 1.5 + 12.20 42 + 10.51 — 12.10 5.6 12.80 32.2 11.06 31.5 11.10 — 11.50 5.2 12.05 — 12.61 14.2 6.18 — 8.56 0.7 10.51 — 11.86 2.0 PA from A — 359 + — 55 +?? — 47 +! — 220 + 24.2 66.7 .217 + — 159 + 8.2 — 263 + 42 + — 162 32.2 31.5 — 155 — 200 — 348 -! — 162 Zone 35 Deep Sky Objects Object NGC 457 NGC 654 NGC 663 NGC 743 Czernik 3 Trumpler 1 NGC 381 Stock 3 IC 1747 Berkeley 62 NGC 559 Stock 4 IC 63 NGC 433 NGC 436 NGC 637 IC 166 NGC 744 NGC 659 NGC 366 NGC 581 NGC 358 Position 0119+5820 0144+6153 0146+6115 0159+6011 0104+6248 0136+6117 0108+6135 0112+6220 0158+6320 0101+6357 0130+6318 0153+5704 0100+6049 0115+6008 0116+5849 0143+6400 0153+6150 0158+5529 0144+6042 0106+6214 0133+6042 0105+6200 Rating 2E 2E 2E 3E 5E 2M 3M 3M 3M 4M 4M 4M 5M 5M 5M 5M 5M 5M 3D 4D 4D 5D Map 9 12 17 18 2 12 2 2 16 1 11 19 3 3 8 11 17 20 13 2 13 2 Type Oc (II 3r) Oc (II 2r) Oc (II 3r) Oc (IV 1p) Oc (III 2p :b) Oc (I 3p) Oc (III 1m) Oc (IV 1p) Pn (3b) Oc (III 2p) Oc (I 1m) Oc (III 1p) Gn (E+R) Oc (III 2p) Oc (I 2m) Oc (I 2m) Oc (III 1r) Oc (III 1p) Oc (I 2m) Oc (II 3m) Oc (III 2p) Oc () - 85 - Specifications Mag Surface Br 6.4 6.5 7.1 10.0 9.9 8.1 9.3 12.0 12.1 9.3 9.5 11.0 11.0 8.8 8.2 11.7 8.6 9.8 10.0 8.0 12.0 Population 100 60 80 12 8 25 50 8 50 60 15 23 40 20 120 20 40 30 40 25