Zone 137, Master Map Normal View Zone Master, Normal View, 10 deg FOV κ ω δ Gemini +22°00' c Wasat Clown Face Nebula Eskimo Nebula ζ Mekbuda +20°00' e +24°00' ω1 ω2 f +18°00' Cancer d 08h 00m 07h 52m 07h 44m 07h 36m 07h 28m 07h 20m +16°00' λ 07h 12m 07h 04m 06h 56m Zone 137, Map 1 Normal Image +25°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. A. G. 335 Bpm 98 STF 1023 OS 164 rej 52 Gem Engelmann 30 STF 1053 h409 Jonckheere 701 NGC 2370 ω +24°00' OSS 85 Pourteau 2595 h408 +23°00' NGC 2357 Pourteau 2816 h416 Barton 2374 A. G. 140 STF 1035 Hough 345 NGC 2365 Delta Gemδ +22°00' South 548 Ball 20 Wasat Hussey 454 63 Gem STF 1081 Soulie 395 +21°00' OS 168 rej Clown Face Nebula Eskimo Nebula STF 1083 56 Gem 07h 30m 07h 25m NGC 2341 07h 20m ζ Mekbuda Zeta Gem h2372 07h 15m 07h 10m 07h 05m 07h 00m Zone 137, Map 1 Mirror Image +25°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. Bpm 98 52 Gem STF 1023 OS 164 rej Engelmann 30 OSS 85 STF 1053 h409 +24°00' Jonckheere 701 ω NGC 2370 Pourteau 2595 h408 +23°00' NGC 2357 STF 1035 Ball 20 δ Hough 345 NGC 2365 Wasat Barton 2374 South 548 A. G. 140 Delta Gem +22°00' h416 Hussey 454 STF 1081 Soulie 395 63 Gem Eskimo Nebula NGC 2392 Zeta Gemζ Mekbuda NGC 2341 h2372 07h 00m 07h 05m 07h 10m 07h 15m 07h 20m STF 1083 56 Gem 07h 25m 07h 30m +21°00' OS 168 rej Zone 137, Map 2 Normal Image +19°00' +20°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. Jonckheere 728 NGC 2339 A. G. 331 STF 1090 +18°00' Jonckheere 706 Hough 346 +17°00' STF 1041 rej STF 1027STF 1017 Lambda Gem +16°00' λ 51 Gem STF 1106 45 Gem Jonckheere 998 Jonckheere 2035 Engelmann 28 STF 1047 OS 162 Smart 72 STF 1094 Weisse 14 STF 1089 07h 30m 07h 25m 07h 20m 07h 15m 07h 10m 07h 05m 07h 00m Zone 137, Map 2 Mirror Image +19°00' +20°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. Jonckheere 728 NGC 2339 Bur 899 A. G. 331 +18°00' STF 1090 Hough 346 STF 1017 +17°00' STF 1041 rej STF 1027 51 Gem OS 162 OS 162 45 Gem Jonckheere 998 Jonckheere 2035 Engelmann 28 STF 1106 STF 1047 Smart 72 STF 1094 Weisse 14 STF 1089 07h 00m 07h 05m 07h 10m 07h 15m 07h 20m 07h 25m 07h 30m +16°00' Lambda Gemλ Zone 137, Map 3 Normal Image A. G. 335 NGC 2498 Pourteau 2835 +25°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. STF 1156 STF 1147 κ Kappa Gem +24°00' STF 1113 rej +23°00' NGC 2481 STF 1171 A. G. 142 STF 1108 STF 1158 STF 1124 Hussey 707 h428 h432 Couteau 928 NGC 2420 +21°00' Hough 523 Gemini +22°00' A. G. 144 h2418 Couteau 475 08h 00m 07h 55m 07h 50m 07h 45m 07h 40m 07h 35m 07h 30m Zone 137, Map 3 Mirror Image A. G. 335 ω2 +25°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. Pourteau 2835 OSS 85 STF 1156 STF 1147 Kappa Gem κ +24°00' STF 1113 rej +23°00' NGC 2481 A. G. 142 Pourteau 2816 STF 1108 STF 1158 STF 1124 NGC 2420 Hough 523 +21°00' Hussey 707 63 Gem +22°00' A. G. 144 South 548 Clown Face Nebula h428 h432 h2418 Couteau 928 Gemin Couteau 475 07h 30m 07h 35m 07h 40m 07h 45m 07h 50m 07h 55m 08h 00m Zone 137, Map 4 Normal Image Gemini Couteau 928 +20°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. h2418 Couteau 475 h2423 +19°00' Cancer Engelmann 33 NGC 2407 +18°00' STF 1140 STF 1129 Soulie 422 +17°00' h3299 +16°00' STF 1167 OS 183 rej Weisse 17 08h 00m 07h 55m 07h 50m 07h 45m 07h 40m 07h 35m 07h 30m Zone 137, Map 4 Mirror Image h2418 Couteau 928 +20°00' Sky charts generated by TheSky Software; used by permission of Software Bisque Inc. Gemin Couteau 475 Cancer +19°00' Engelmann 33 NGC 2407 +18°00' STF 1140 Jonckheere 706 STF 1129 Soulie 422 +16°00' +17°00' h3299 OS 183 rej Weisse 17 07h 30m 07h 35m 07h 40m 07h 45m 07h 50m 07h 55m 08h 00m Zone 137 Index 1 Reference Star, 63 Double Stars, 1 Planetary Nebula, 1 Open Cluster, 7 Galaxies Flamsteed h416 ..................................................... 14 h428 ..................................................... 34 h432 ..................................................... 31 Hough 345.............................................. 8 Hough 346............................................ 27 Hough 523............................................ 36 Hussey 454........................................... 10 Hussey 707........................................... 35 51 Gem ................................................ 23 52 Gem ................................................ 15 56 Gem ................................................ 17 63 Gem .................................................. 6 A A. G. 140 ............................................. 13 A. G. 142 ............................................. 36 A. G. 144 ............................................. 32 J Jonckheere 701 ...................................... 8 Jonckheere 728 .................................... 26 B Ball 20.................................................. 11 Barton 2374 ........................................... 9 K C Kappa Gem .......................................... 30 Couteau 475......................................... 41 Couteau 928......................................... 33 L D N Delta Gem............................................ 12 NGC 2339 ............................................ 28 NGC 2341 ............................................ 19 NGC 2357 ............................................ 20 NGC 2365 ............................................ 19 NGC 2370 ............................................ 20 NGC 2392 ............................................ 18 NGC 2407 ............................................ 43 NGC 2420 ............................................ 37 NGC 2481 ............................................ 38 Lambda Gem........................................ 24 E Engelmann 30 ...................................... 16 H h2372 ................................................... 16 h2418 ................................................... 31 h3299 ................................................... 40 h408 ..................................................... 10 h409 ....................................................... 5 -1- Zone 137 O STF 1041 rej ........................................ 25 STF 1047.............................................. 24 STF 1053................................................ 6 STF 1081................................................ 8 STF 1083................................................ 4 STF 1090.............................................. 21 STF 1094.............................................. 26 STF 1106.............................................. 22 STF 1108.............................................. 29 STF 1113 rej ........................................ 33 STF 1124.............................................. 29 STF 1129.............................................. 41 STF 1140.............................................. 39 STF 1147.............................................. 37 STF 1156.............................................. 31 STF 1158.............................................. 35 STF 1167.............................................. 39 OS 162 ................................................. 22 OS 164 rej............................................ 15 OS 168 rej............................................ 13 OS 183 rej............................................ 42 OSS 85................................................... 9 P Pourteau 2595 ...................................... 11 Pourteau 2816 ...................................... 12 Pourteau 2835 ...................................... 33 S Smart 72............................................... 26 Soulie 395 .............................................. 7 Soulie 422 ............................................ 40 South 548............................................. 14 STF 1017 ............................................. 23 STF 1023 ............................................... 7 STF 1027 ............................................. 21 STF 1035 ............................................... 4 Z Zeta Gem................................................ 3 -2- Zone 137 Zone 137, Map 1 Reference Star Zeta Gem (43 Gem; Mekbuda, "the contracted" paw of a lion; Sh 77; HD 52973; SAO 79031) Position: 0704+2034 Mag : 3.80 Spectrum : G3 Ibv Color : Y Assumed distance: 1,170 light years Assumed luminosity (suns): 2,760 Observations: C8 at 83x. C11 at 115x. B and D were difficult. Notes: AB 1880: 87.2 @ 84. 1 measurements. A is a Cepheid, and an occultation double. AC 1781: 91.9 @ 351. 36 measurements. CD 1907: 27.2 @ 166. 3 measurements. Hipparcos gives discordant distances: 1,170 light years to A, 89 to D. A and D also have different proper motins. This star is a Cepheid (10.15172 day period), discovered by J. Schmidt between 1844 and 1847; it is also an eclipsing binary. The Cepheid cycle swings from 4.4m (F7Ib) to 5.2m (G3Ib), with an abnormal light curve. It is also an infra-red source. There are two optical companions: 10.5m (at 88- @ 84), and 8.0m (100+ @ 348). From James Kaler's Star Notes: Mekbuda is a supergiant, albeit as supergiants go a modest one. Its diameter is 60 times solar. If our Sun were Zeta Gem, it would appear some 30 degrees across, half again as big as the constellation Gemini itself. Through a small telescope, Mekbuda appears to have a faint companion a minute of arc away, but it is a line-of-sight accident. The bright star itself, however, does seem to have a true faint companion that cannot be resolved by eye at the telescope. None of these facts give the star any particular claim to fame. What does is its changeability, for Zeta Gem is one of the sky's few easily visible "Cepheid variable stars." Cepheids are dying supergiants that have lost their sense of stability, and pulsate, changing their diameters, temperatures (5,300 Kelvin to 5,800 for Mekbuda), classes (G to F), and magnitudes. The first of these discovered was Delta Cephei, after which the class of stars was named. It, Eta Aquilae, and the southern hemisphere's Beta Doradus are all about the same apparent brightness, Mekbuda changing from magnitude 3.7 to 4.1 and back every 10.2 days. Cepheids are enormously valuable stars, as their periods of pulsation are firmly linked to their true luminosities: the longer the period, the more luminous the star. Once we know the long-established relationship, we can find the true -3- Zone 137 luminosity of a Cepheid from only its period. From its luminosity and its apparent brightness, we can calculate its distance. Cepheids allow us to find the distances of other galaxies, helping us to explore the Universe. One of the key projects for the Hubble Space Telescope is the measurement of the expansion rate of the Universe using distant Cepheids to help measure distance. Though the four brightest Cepheids all look similar to the eye, Mekbuda has the longest period, almost double that of Delta Cephei, making it the most luminous of them and a true "gem" of a star. Double Stars Easy STF 1035 Rating: 2 E ADS 5858; HD 55005; SAO 79152 Position: 0712+2217 A B Magnitude 7.37 7.51 Separation PA — — 8.8 + 41 + Year — 1994 Spectra F5 V Colors W L Notes: 1829: 8.5 @ 40. 47 measurements. The stars share common proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. Webb saw them both as Y and wrote, "Very pretty." Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 4.35 inches. Separation: AB = 7.69 miles. Distance (LY): 560 Total luminosity (Suns): 32 STF 1083 Rating: 2 E ADS 6060; HD 58246; SAO 79375 Position: 0726+2030 A B Magnitude 6.92 7.79 Separation PA — — 6.7 + 46 + -4- Year — 1991 Spectra A5 Colors Y G Zone 137 Notes: 1822: 6.3 @ 42. 67 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Webb saw them as Y and bW. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 7.56 inches. Separation: AB = 5.00 miles. Distance (LY): 480 Total luminosity (Suns): 33 h409 A. G. 134; ADS 5722 Position: 0703+2427 A B C Magnitude 9.26 9.96 10.29 Rating: 3 E Separation — 1.7 = 15.7 + PA — 202 =? 354 + Year — 1991 1958 Spectra A5 Notes: AB 1902: 1.7 @ 22. 14 measurements. Quadrant reversal? AC 1903: 14.1 @ 352. 6 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. This pair lies at the S corner of a tiny version of "Gemini". Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.75 inches. Separation: AB = X=1,003 feet; AC = 1.76 miles.. Distance (LY): 72 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.11 -5- Colors W No O? Zone 137 STF 1053 Rating: 3 E ADS 5945; HD 56152; SAO 79238 Position: 0717+2432 A B Magnitude 7.32 10.51 Separation PA — — 14.9 + 330 + Year — 1991 Spectra A0 Colors Y R Notes: 1831: 13.7 @ 310. 12 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 5.86 inches. Separation: AB = 12.3 miles. Distance (LY): 530 Total luminosity (Suns): 32 63 Gem Sh 368; ADS 6089; HD 58728; SAO 79403 Position: 0728+2127 A B C D Magnitude 5.26 10.92 10.50 9.09 Separation — 42.9 + 145.9 + 3.9 Rating: 3 E PA — 324 + 219 = 219 Year — 1917 1909 1991 Spectra Colors F5 IV+F5 V dY R W? Notes: AB 1863: 43: @ 324. 3 measurements. The primary is a spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 1.9327 days. It is also listed as McAllister 30 and has been measured at 0.1 @ 352. AC and AD, 1 measurement. The D star was discovered by the Hipparcos satellite. Observations: C8 at 104x. -6- Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.32 inches. Separation: AB = 7.43 miles; AC = 25.3 miles; AD = 3,538 feet; Aa = 160 feet. Distance (LY): 111 Total luminosity (Suns): 8.4 Soulie 395 Position: 0704+2122 A B Magnitude 10.72 11.02 Rating: 4 E Separation PA — — 11.6 342 + Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1893: 14.0 @ 333. 4 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. It lies just S of a nice diamond of 10m stars. Distance (LY): 49 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.02 STF 1023 Rating: 4 E SAO 79098 Position: 0708+2459 A B Magnitude 8.91 9.44 Separation PA — — 24.2 105 + Year — 1991 Spectra K5 Colors Y O Notes: 1831: 24.7 @ 102. 16 measurements. The stars share a small common proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 36.2 inches. Separation: AB = 2.19 miles. Distance (LY): 58 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.14 -7- Zone 137 Jonckheere 701 Rating: 4 E ADS 5806 Position: 0709+2417 A B Magnitude 10.97 11.00 Separation PA — — 2.1 273 = Year — 1952 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1892: 2.2 @ 273. 6 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. Hough 345 Rating: 4 E ADS 6022; HD 57590; SAO 79337 Position: 0723+2205 A B C Magnitude 9.57 10.45 13.40 Separation — 1.2 = 24.9 + PA — 286 + 227 - Year — 1991 Spectra A0 Colors W W ? Notes: AB 1890: 1.2 @ 282. 18 measurements. AC 1890: 24.3 @ 228. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 634x. STF 1081 Rating: 4 E ADS 6038; HD 57900; SAO 79361 Position: 0724+2128 A B C Magnitude 7.30 8.61 9.20 Separation — 1.9 + 107.2 PA — 233 + 64 -8- Year — 1999 1865 Spectra B9 Colors W No bW Zone 137 Notes: AB 1828: 1.3 @ 216. 68 measurements. AC 1 measurement. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 4.80 inches. Separation: AB = 1.89 miles; AC = 107 miles. Distance (LY): 640 Total luminosity (Suns): 47 Barton 2374 Position: 0727+2218 A B Magnitude 10.29 11.20 Rating: 4 E Separation PA — — 3.4 + 298 - Year — 1990 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1894: 3.2 @ 299. 4 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Distance (LY): 1,720 Total luminosity (Suns): 25.4 OSS 85 Rating: 4 E HD 58919; SAO 79416 Position: 0729+2439 A B Magnitude 7.61 9.02 Separation PA — — 62.8 + 21 - Notes: 1875: 56.3 @ 27. 15 measurements. The stars share common proper motion. -9- Year — 1993 Spectra F8 V F0 Colors W bW Zone 137 Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 3.60 inches; B = 11.1 inches. Separation: AB = 37.2 miles. Distance (LY): 380 Total luminosity (Suns): 13 h408 Position: 0703+2322 A B Magnitude 9.77 12.26 Rating: 5 E Separation PA — — 14.6 + 74 + Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W B Notes: 1892: 14.5 @ 65. 6 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Hussey 454 Rating: 5 E ADS 5773; HD 53383; SAO 79049 Position: 0706+2142 A B C Magnitude 9.44 11.8. 11.00 Separation — 1.5 13.1 = PA — 216 43 - Notes: AB 1902: 2.0 @ 218. 8 measurements. AC 1911: 13.1 @ 46. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. B was not detected. - 10 - Year — 1933 1925 Spectra A Colors W No W? Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.22 inches. Separation: AB = 845 feet; AC = 1.41 miles. Distance (LY): 69 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.08 Pourteau 2595 Position: 0715+2345 A B Magnitude 10.55 10.73 Rating: 5 E Separation PA — — 18.1 + 51 - Year — 1956 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1909: 17.4 @ 54. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Ball 20 Rating: 5 E HD 55847; SAO 79216 Position: 0716+2158 A B Magnitude 7.02 10.44 Separation PA — — 95 = 264 = Notes: 1879: 95 @ 264. 3 measurements. The stars have different proper motions. Observations: C11 at 115x. - 11 - Year — 1919 Spectra K5 III Colors Y W? Zone 137 Pourteau 2816 Rating: 5 E SAO 79433 Position: 0730+2303 A B Magnitude 9.10 12.89 Separation PA — — 24.9 + 193 - Year — 1954 Spectra G5 Colors O W? Notes: 1892: 24.7 @ 194. 2 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Use averted vision to see B. Moderate Delta Gem Rating: 2 M 55 Gem; Wasat, "the middle"; Chevalier 85; STF 1066; ADS 5983; HD 56986; SAO 79294 Position: 0720+2159 A B Magnitude 3.55 8.18 Separation PA — — 5.9 224 + Year — 1997 Spectra F0 IV K6 V Colors Y rO! Notes: 1822: 7.1 @ 198. Over 100 measurements. Star A is a long-period eclipsing spectroscopic binary with a period of 6.13 years. It is also an infra-red source as well as an occultation binary. The AaxB orbital period may be 1,200 years (Hopmann, 1960). (Another orbital solution suggests 3,168 years.) The stars are about 95 AU apart. Sadler found a faint companion: 85 @ 180. In February, 1930, Clyde Tombaugh of Lowell Observatory (Flagstaff, AZ) discovered Pluto near here. From James Kaler's Star Notes: Wasat marks the famed and last planet Pluto, as Clyde Tombaugh discovered the body close to the star in 1930. The star is also somewhat more solar than most of its naked-eye brethren, a class F "subgiant" with a temperature of 6,700 Kelvin, only 1,000 Kelvin hotter than the Sun. Subgiants are stars that are in the first stages of expanding to - 12 - Zone 137 gianthood after the central nuclear fire goes out, so Wasat is now beginning to expire. It will soon be a "gap" star like Caph (Beta Cassiopeiae). Tucked next to it is a cooler ordinary class K companion, easily seen through a small telescope, that is 1,200 Kelvin cooler than the Sun. Over 100 times the Earth-Sun distance from Wasat proper, the companion takes 1,200 years to orbit. Wasat itself may be a close inseparable double, though no one is sure. Keep your eye on this star: Pluto will pass it again in just 179 years. Observations: C8 at 206x. Star B is hard to see in the glare, even with a diffraction mask. Some observers report Y and R (Webb) or, or bW and Y, or see both as white. C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.40 inches; B = 35.0 inches. Separation: AB = 2,851 feet. Distance (LY): 59 Total luminosity (Suns): 11.04 A. G. 140 Hough 628; ADS 6063; Position: 0726+2205 A B Magnitude 9.89 10.57 Rating: 3 M Separation PA — — 1.9 175 = Year — 1992 Spectra F8 Colors W O? Notes: 1898: 2.2 @ 175. 13 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. OS 168 rej Rating: 4 M ADS 5873; HD 55201; SAO 79174 Position: 0713+2121 A B C Magnitude 7.30 11.55 10.08 Separation — 24.0 + 51.8 + PA — 67 = 114 - - 13 - Year — 1900 1900 Spectra G5 Colors Y ? ? Zone 137 Notes: AB 1868: 22.7 @ 67. 4 measurements. AC 1868: 51.3 @ 116. 4 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 18.5 inches. Separation: AB = 51.7 miles; AC = 112 miles. Distance (LY): 1,380 Total luminosity (Suns): 208 h416 Rating: 4 M ADS 5973 Position: 0719+2243 A B Magnitude 10.38 10.40 Separation PA — — 9.3 76 - Year — 1959 Spectra G Colors yW W Notes: 1893: 9.4 @ 79. 6 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Difficult South 548 Espin 2625 (AB); ADS 6087; HD 58712; SAO 79401 Position: 0728+2209 A B C Magnitude 6.78 12.10 8.91 Separation — 11.5 + 35.4 - PA — 19 277 + Observations: C8 at 206x. - 14 - Year — 1901 1991 Rating: 3 D Spectra K5 Colors R! ? B! Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 31.6 inches. Separation: AB = 28.7 miles; AC = 88.4 miles. Distance (LY): 1,600 Total luminosity (Suns): 463 OS 164 rej Rating: 4 D ADS 5775; HD 53472; SAO 79054 Position: 0706+2452 A B Magnitude 6.89 10.30 Separation PA — — 9.8 + 63 + Year — 1963 Spectra K8 III Colors W ? Notes: 1843: 9.1 @ 48. 9 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Webb saw them both as Y. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 60.0 inches. Separation: AB = 15.8 miles. Distance (LY): 1,030 Total luminosity (Suns): 106 52 Gem Hough 343; ADS 5909; HD 55621; SAO 79199 Position: 0715+2453 A B Magnitude 5.84 12.70 Separation PA — — 23.9 + 265 + Notes: 1890: 22.4 @ 257. 7 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Nice golden tone in A. - 15 - Rating: 5 D Year — 1910 Spectra M1 IIIv Colors Y!! ? Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 1.20 inches. Separation: AB = 12.6 miles. Distance (LY): 337 Total luminosity (Suns): 41 Engelmann 30 Bpm 99 (a, b); HD 55579; SAO 79191 Position: 0715+2443 A B C D Magnitude 6.89 12.31 10.62 10.40 Separation — 49.1 + 127.4 93.4 Rating: 5 D PA — 18 = 108 = 193 Year — 1921 Spectra A1pSrCr Colors W ? ? ? Notes: AB 1907: 49.0 @ 18. 2 measurements. AC 1886: 127.5 @ 108. 5 measurements. AD 1907. 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 6.09 inches. Separation: AB = 52.1 miles; AC = 135 miles; AD = 99.1 miles. Distance (LY): 680 Total luminosity (Suns): 68 h2372 Rating: 5 D HD 56913; SAO 79288 Position: 0720+2028 A B Magnitude 7.81 12.57 Separation PA — — 22.4 3 Notes: 1 measurement. - 16 - Year — 1901 Spectra G0 Colors Y ? Zone 137 Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 16.7 inches. Separation: AB = 100 miles. Distance (LY): 2,860 Total luminosity (Suns): 487 56 Gem Bur 1413; ADS 6016; HD 57423; SAO 79328 Position: 0722+2027 A B BC Magnitude 5.09 12.20 Separation — 16.5 8.2 + PA — 202 246 + Rating: 5 D Year — 1935 1935 Notes: AB 1901: 17.8 @ 205. 3 measurements. BC 1900: 7.7 @ 245. 2 measurements. A is a suspected variable. Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 63.0 inches. Separation: AB = 11.0 miles. Distance (LY): 429 Total luminosity (Suns): 133 - 17 - Spectra M0 IIIab Colors Y! ? No Zone 137 Deep Sky Objects Easy NGC 2392 Rating: 2 E Other Names: Eskimo Nebula; Clown Face Nebula; PK 197+17.1; H IV 45 Astronomical League Program: Caldwell Club, Herschel 400 Club, Urban Deep Sky Club Position: 0729+2055 Type: Pn Dimensions: 40" x 43" Class: 3b Magnitude: 8.0 Notes: It was discovered by William Herschel in 1787. He called it, "a very remarkable phenomenon." The filaments are racing outward at 68 mps. The central star (10.5m) is 40,000o K on the surface and is an O8 star with 40 times the Sun's brightness. Observations: C8 at 206x. Very large and bright and seen face on. The central star (10.5m) is visible at high powers. It has a distinct green tint. Try "blinking" this nebula— that is, look directly at the central star, then use averted vision to see the nebula. The effect can be fascinating as you bring different parts of your retina into use. A bright star lies a little N. NGC 2392 (The Eskimo Nebula) Planetary Nebula (3b) Observed with C8 on 2/1/92 Magnification: 200x Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 201 miles. Distance (LY): 3,000 Luminosity (suns): 450 - 18 - Zone 137 Moderate NGC 2341 Other Names: UGC 3708 Rating: 4 M Position: 0709+2036 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 12.6 Class: Sab pec Dimensions: 0.9' x 0.9' Magnitude: 13.2 PA: 136 Observations: C8 at 206x. At 104x, this and NGC 2342 (just to the N of it) look like barely out-offocus stars. At 200x, 2341 is amorphous, but has a sharp, stellar nucleus. Radial velocity (km/sec): +5,227 Difficult NGC 2365 Other Names: UGC 3821 Rating: 4 D Position: 0723+2204 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 13.8 Class: SABa Dimensions: 3.0' x 1.6' Magnitude: 12.4 PA: 170 Observations: C8 at 206x. I had to use tube movement to confirm its presence. I could only see the nucleus, which appeared as a fuzzy star. A pair of 9m stars ot the E is tough on the seeing. Use high power and get them out of the view. An 11m pair (about 10" separation) lies 3 min W. Radial velocity (km/sec): +2,278 - 19 - Zone 137 NGC 2357 Other Names: UGC 3782 Rating: 5 D Position: 0718+2321 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 13.7 Class: Sc Dimensions: 3.7' x 0.5' Magnitude: 13.3 PA: 122 Observations: C8 at 206x. Only the nucleus was visible, and even it was very faint and difficult. Radial velocity (km/sec): +2,275 NGC 2370 Other Names: UGC 3835 Rating: 5 D Position: 0725+2347 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 12.9 Class: SB? Dimensions: 1.1' x 0.6' Magnitude: 13.6 PA: 43 Observations: C8 at 104x. The field is strewn with 12 and 13m stars. This galaxy appears as one of those stars that cannot quite be focused. It lies 4 min S of a 12m star. Radial velocity (km/sec): +5,500 - 20 - Zone 137 Zone 137, Map 2 Double Stars Easy STF 1027 Rating: 2 E ADS 5816; HD 54244; SAO 96547 Position: 0709+1654 A B Magnitude 7.70 7.95 Separation PA — — 6.9 + 357 + Year — 1991 Spectra K3 III Colors rO rO Notes: 1830: 6.7 @ 356. 29 measurements. The stars show similar proper motions. Observations: C8 at 83x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 51.3 inches. Separation: AB = 25.3 miles. Distance (LY): 2,350 Total luminosity (Suns): 600 STF 1090 Rating: 2 E ADS 6073; HD 58453; SAO 96897 Position: 0727+1831 A B C Magnitude 7.26 8.10 9.92 Separation — 61.0 48.9 + PA — 99 + 80 - Year — 1987 1959 Spectra F0 V F0 IV Colors W Y R? Notes: AB 1830: 61.1 @ 98. 18 measurements. The stars share common proper motion. AC 1863: 47.7 @ 81. 7 measurements. Different proper motions. - 21 - Zone 137 Observations: C8 at 83x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 5.70 inches; B = 10.5 inches. Separation: AB = 49.5 miles; AC = 39.7 miles. Distance (LY): 520 Total luminosity (Suns): 44 STF 1106 Position: 0728+1558 A B Magnitude 9.40 9.47 Rating: 3 E Separation PA — — 10.8 + 34 + Year — 1991 Spectra G0 G0 Colors B! O! Notes: 1828: 10.6 @ 31. 20 measurements. The stars have different proper motions. Observations: C8 at 104x. OS 162 Rating: 4 E ADS 5660; HD 51911; SAO 96359 Position: 0700+1556 A B Magnitude 7.05 12.14 Separation PA — — 21.2 + 155 - Year — 1924 Notes: 1843: 13.5 @ 165. 10 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Bright but moderate field. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 32.4 inches. Separation: AB = 22.8 miles. Distance (LY): 690 Total luminosity (Suns): 54 - 22 - Spectra G0 III Colors yW ? Zone 137 STF 1017 Rating: 4 E ADS 5794; HD 53817 Position: 0707+1650 A B Magnitude 8.80 9.90 Separation PA — — 12.8 + 255 + Year — 1963 Spectra G F8 Colors O B Notes: 1828: 12.2 @ 254. 13 measurements. The stars show a similar, but small, proper motion. Observations: C8 at 104x. There are many faint doublets in the area. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 20.3 inches; B = 16.7 inches. Separation: AB = 4.75 miles. Distance (LY): 238 Total luminosity (Suns): 5.4 51 Gem BQ Gem; HD 55383; SAO 96638; H VI 74 (AB) Position: 0713+1609 A B C Magnitude 5.07 11.19 11.17 Separation — 150.7 + 200.0 -! PA — 19 45 +! Rating: 4 E Year — 1991 1925 Spectra M III Colors yO! W W Notes: AB 1896: 148.0 @ 21. 8 measurements. The primary is an infra-red source and is a semi-regular variable. AC 1901: 222.9 @ 37. 3 measurements. This system is part of the Wolf 630 Group. Observations: C8 at 104x. You'll need averted vision to see the companions. - 23 - Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 70.5 inches. Separation: AB = 165 miles; AC = 218 miles. Distance (LY): 700 Total luminosity (Suns): 304 STF 1047 Fox 154 (D); A 2526 (BC); ADS 5908; HD 55625; SAO 96665 Position: 0715+1546 A B C D BC Magnitude 8.07 9.66 11.40 11.40 Separation PA — — 23.8 + 29 + 42.0 0.3 - 330 320 - Year — 1991 Rating: 4 E Spectra F2 III 1924 1996 Colors Y B No No Notes: AB 1828: 20.7 @ 19. 17 measurements. Hipparcos/Tycho data show different distances for these stars; they may be optical. BC 1913: 0.6 @ 337. 5 measurements. AD 1 measurement. Observations: C8 at 65x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 24.9 inches. Separation: AB = 5.83 miles; AC = 10.3 miles; BC = 388 feet. Distance (LY): 157 Total luminosity (Suns): 1.4 Lambda Gem 54 Gem; STF 1061; ADS 5961; HD 56537; SAO 96746 Position: 0718+1632 A B Magnitude 3.58 10.70 Separation PA — — 9.8 + 33 + - 24 - Year — 1953 Rating: 4 E Spectra A3 V Colors W R Zone 137 Notes: 1829: 9.6 @ 31. 18 measurements. Star A is an eclipsing spectroscopic binary as well as an occultation binary. It may also be a Delta Scuti variable. It rotates at 154 kps and is 1.7 times bigger than the Sun. The system is a part of the Ursa Major moving stream. Both stars share the same proper motion. Observations: C8 at 206x. Some observers (including Webb) note colors of G and B. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 5.10 inches. Separation: AB = 1.43 miles. Distance (LY): 94 Total luminosity (Suns): 25.04 STF 1041 rej Rating: 5 E SAO 96649 Position: 0714+1746 A B Magnitude 9.30 11.70 Separation PA — — 25.2 267 Year — 1906 Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 6.60 inches. Separation: AB = 5.00 miles. Distance (LY): 127 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.22 - 25 - Spectra A0 Colors W ? Zone 137 Smart 72 Position: 0718+1523 A B Magnitude 9.56 11.47 Rating: 5 E Separation PA — — 15.3 137 - Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W W Notes: 1896: 15.5 @ 139. 5 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Moderate STF 1094 Rating: 2 M ADS 6086; HD 58729; SAO 96914 Position: 0727+1519 A B Magnitude 7.61 8.63 Separation PA — — 2.4 = 97 + Year — 1997 Spectra A0 V Colors W R Notes: 1829: 2.4 @ 96. 37 measurements. Observations: C8 at 206x. Distance (LY): 2,000 Total luminosity (Suns): 540 Jonckheere 728 Rating: 5 M ADS 5779; HD 53506 Position: 0706+1903 A B Magnitude 8.58 9.52 Separation PA — — 3.0 + 71 - Notes: 1912: 2.1 @ 72. 10 measurements. - 26 - Year — 1991 Spectra G5 Colors Y O Zone 137 Observations: C8 at 280x. This pair is the NE vertex of a roughly equilateral triangle with two other 9m stars. Rich field. Hough 346 Rating: 5 M ADS 6064; HD 58338; SAO 96888 Position: 0726+1809 A B Magnitude 6.93 11.70 Separation PA — — 12.8 + 57 - Year — 1930 Notes: 1891: 12.7 @ 58. 4 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Use averted vision to see B. Faint but moderate field. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 18.0 inches. Separation: AB = 44.9 miles. Distance (LY): 2,250 Total luminosity (Suns): 708 - 27 - Spectra G5 Colors Y W Zone 137 Deep Sky Objects Moderate NGC 2339 Other Names: UGC 3693; H II 769 Astronomical League Program: Herschel II Club Rating: 5 M Position: 0708+1900 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 13.2 Class: SAB(rs)bc Dimensions: 2' x 1' Magnitude: 12.5 PA: 175 Observations: C8 at 83x. It looks like a smudgy star. Use high power. The axis runs N-S. Moderate field. Distance (LY): 100,000,000 Radial velocity (km/sec): +2,206 Total luminosity (Suns): 7,900,000,000 - 28 - Zone 137 Zone 137, Map 3 Double Stars Easy STF 1108 Rating: 1 E ADS 6160; HD 59878; SAO 79489 Position: 0733+2253 A B Magnitude 6.54 8.80 Separation PA — — 11.9 + 179 = Year — 1991 Spectra K0 II/III G5 Colors Y! B! Notes: 1827: 11.5 @ 179. 27 measurements. Star A is a spectroscopic binary. The stars share common proper motion. Observations: C8 at 83x. Webb saw them as Y and B, and wrote, "Beautiful!" Jim Jones (Lake Oswego, OR; 8" SCT)— measured 11.2" with a MicroGuide. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 17.5 feet. Separation: AB = 8.80 miles. Distance (LY): 474 Total luminosity (Suns): 50 STF 1124 Rating: 3 E ADS 6272; HD 61604; SAO 79609 Position: 0741+2150 A B Magnitude 9.10 9.20 Separation PA — — 19.0 326 = - 29 - Year — 1979 Spectra A5 A5 Colors B G Zone 137 Notes: 1828: 19.4 @ 326. 26 measurements. Hipparcos/Tycho data show different distances for these stars; they may be optical. However, the stars exhibit common proper motion. Observations: C8 at 83x. Some observers report both as W. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.67 inches; B = 8.72 inches. Separation: AB = 4.35 miles. Distance (LY): 147 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.8 Kappa Gem 77 Gem; OS 179; ADS 6321; HD 62345; SAO 79653 Position: 0744+2424 A B Magnitude 3.57 8.10 Separation PA — — 6.9 + 241 + Year — 1996 Rating: 3 E Spectra G8 III Notes: 1832: 6.3 @ 225. 73 measurements. The primary is an infra-red source. They share proper motion. Observations: C8 at 206x. Some observers report W for both stars, or yO and W. Webb wrote, "Very delicate and beautiful." Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 43.5 inches. Separation: AB = 1.53 miles. Distance (LY): 143 Total luminosity (Suns): 59.9 - 30 - Colors Y B Zone 137 h2418 Position: 0751+2001 A B Magnitude 10.07 10.02 Rating: 3 E Separation PA — — 21.5 217 = Year — 1980 Spectra A0 F2 Colors W W Notes: 1880: 21.9 @ 217. 6 measurements. The stars have different proper motions. Observations: C11 at 115x. h432 Sinachopoulos 33 (C); SAO 79776 Position: 0753+2050 A B Magnitude 9.72 9.81 Rating: 3 E Separation PA — — 14.5 + 276 +? Year — 1991 Spectra G5 G5 Colors Y Y Notes: 1893: 12.9 @ 91. 13 measurements. Quadrant reversal? The stars have different proper motions. Observations: C11 at 115x. C was not detected. STF 1156 STF 1163; HD 64682; SAO 79803 Position: 0756+2440 A B Magnitude 7.70 10.67 Rating: 3 E Separation PA — — 19.1 + 160 + - 31 - Year — 1991 Spectra K0 Colors yO rO Zone 137 Notes: 1827: 18.6 @ 159. 8 measurements. Hipparcos/Tycho data show different distances for these stars; they may be optical. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 23.8 inches. Separation: AB = 82.0 miles. Distance (LY): 2,750 Total luminosity (Suns): 531 A. G. 144 Couteau 927; ADS 6411 Position: 0752+2215 A B Magnitude 8.28 10.58 Rating: 4 E Separation PA — — 11.8 + 331 + Year — 1924 Spectra F5 Notes: 1902: 11.1 @ 330. 3 measurements. B has an 11.24m companion at 0.9 @ 208. Observations: C8 at 104x. It is bracketed, east and west, by a pair of 8m stars. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 13.3 inches. Separation: AB = 1.54 miles. Distance (LY): 84 Total luminosity (Suns): 0.296 - 32 - Colors W bW Zone 137 Couteau 928 Rating: 4 E SAO 79764 Position: 0753+2003 A B Magnitude 9.27 9.70 Separation PA — — 5.4 99 = Year — 1972 Spectra K0 Colors O O! Notes: 1894: 5.5 @ 99. 2 measurements. The Tycho-2 Catalog indicates a single star entry. Observations: C8 at 104x. It is part of a small right triangle. STF 1113 rej h425; HD 60336; SAO 79523 Position: 0735+2416 A B C BC Magnitude 8.10 10.10 10.70 Rating: 5 E Separation PA — — 91.3 179 8.1 - 46 = Year — 1892 Spectra M5 Colors dO! W? ? 1914 Notes: AB 1 measurement. BC 1892: 8.4 @ 46. 2 measurements. Observations: C8 at 280x. Star B is very difficult and will require averted vision. Pourteau 2835 Rating: 5 E SAO 79518 Position: 0735+2450 A B Magnitude 9.44 11.70 Separation PA — — 7.3 29 -! - 33 - Year — 1954 Spectra K0 Colors O W Zone 137 Notes: 1902: 7.9 @ 45. 2 measurements. Observations: C11 at 115x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 26.4 inches. Separation: AB = 6.15 miles. Distance (LY): 540 Total luminosity (Suns): 4.30 h428 Rating: 5 E HD 62568; SAO 79670 Position: 0745+2051 A B Magnitude 8.24 13.01 Separation PA — — 14.3 + 279 - Year — 1911 Notes: 1894: 14.2 @ 280. 2 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 6.21 inches. Separation: AB = 8.74 miles. Distance (LY): 392 Total luminosity (Suns): 6.3 - 34 - Spectra A0 Colors W W Zone 137 STF 1158 Rating: 5 E ADS 6472; HD 64813; SAO 79813 Position: 0756+2153 A B C D E Magnitude 9.50 10.20 12.50 Separation — 7.6 + 20.4 + 63.6 58.4 PA — 334 + 249 307 + 154 Year — 1987 1987 1987 1907 Spectra A5 III Colors W bW ? No No Notes: AB 1829: 7.5 @ 333. 14 measurements. AC 1905: 19.0 @ 269. 4 measurements. AD 1907: 65.3 @ 305. 2 measurements. AE 1 measurement. Observations: C8 at 104x. The C star is extremely difficult and will require high power and averted vision. Moderate Hussey 707 Rating: 4 M ADS 6176; HD 60256; SAO 79514 Position: 0734+2138 A B Magnitude 8.98 10.80 Separation PA — — 2.5 = 19 = Notes: 1903: 2.5 @ 19. 9 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. - 35 - Year — 1987 Spectra A3 Colors W W Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 7.83 inches. Separation: AB = 2.26 miles. Distance (LY): 580 Total luminosity (Suns): 7.99 A. G. 142 Rating: 4 M ADS 6277 Position: 0741+2312 A B Magnitude 9.81 10.45 Separation PA — — 1.7 + 18 = Year — 1991 Spectra A5 Colors W W Notes: 1902: 1.6 @ 18. 11 measurements. Observations: C11 at 339x. Hough 523 Rating: 4 M ADS 6286 Position: 0742+2138 A B C Magnitude 9.49 11.20 11.70 Separation — 8.6 = 34.0 PA — 324 + 329 Notes: AB 1894: 8.6 @ 323. 6 measurements. AC 1894. 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 115x. C was very difficult. - 36 - Year — 1930 Spectra F5 Colors W W? ? Zone 137 Difficult STF 1147 Rating: 3 D ADS 6394; SAO 79735 Position: 0751+2432 A B Magnitude 9.66 9.68 Separation PA — — 2.3 171 + Year — 1991 Spectra G0 Colors Y Y Notes: 1830: 2.5 @ 162. 32 measurements. Observations: C8 at 280x. A 7.5m star lies 10 min W. Deep Sky Objects Moderate NGC 2420 Rating: 2 M Other Names: Melotte 69; Collinder 154; Raab 56; Hagen 4; H VI 1 Astronomical League Program: Herschel 400 Club Position: 0739+2134 Type: Oc Dimensions: 10' Class: I 1r Cluster population: 100 Magnitude: 8.3 Notes: It is 1.1 billion years old. It contains one Ba supergiant, and lies 33,500 light years from the galactic center and 2,100 light years above the galactic plane. Observations: C8 at 206x. Rich and misty at low powers, it was resolved at high powers. Since it lies near the ecliptic, it often gets occulted by Solar System members. It is well-seen with averted vision. Barbara Wilson, an amateur from Texas, says this cluster looks like a crab to her. Glenn Bock, another amateur, writes that the cluster has a Y shape. And to Steve Coe, it is reminiscent of Corona Borealis. C11 at 115x. A small dense knot of 16 stars in a "7" shape. - 37 - Zone 137 Model (where the Sun is a baseball): Its diameter would be 7,680 miles and its stars would be 830 miles apart. Distance (LY): 10,060 Luminosity (suns): 3,800 NGC 2420 Open cluster (I 1 r; 100 stars) Observed with C8 on 2/1/92 Magnification: 80x Difficult NGC 2481 Other Names: H II 302; UGC 4118 Position: 0757+2346 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 12.4 Rating: 4 D Class: E? Dimensions: 1.4' x 0.5' Magnitude: 12.9 PA: 18 Observations: C11 at 98x. Small, round spot without a nucleus. It is 5 min W of a narrow 11m-12m triangle. Radial velocity (km/sec): +2,332 - 38 - Zone 137 Zone 137, Map 4 Double Stars Easy STF 1140 Rating: 1 E ADS 6376; HD 63210; SAO 97260 Position: 0748+1820 A B Magnitude 6.70 8.37 Separation PA — — 6.4 + 274 = Year — 1991 Spectra K0 III Colors Y dB!! Notes: 1829: 6.2 @ 274. 33 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Webb saw them as Y and B! Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 46.2 inches. Separation: AB = 6.09 miles. Distance (LY): 610 Total luminosity (Suns): 84 STF 1167 Rating: 4 E ADS 6489 Position: 0759+1628 A B Magnitude 9.70 11.50 Separation PA — — 12.3 + 228 = Year — 1904 Spectra G0 Notes: 1830: 12.0 @ 228. 4 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. A 7m Y star lies 5 min N and scorches the whole field! - 39 - Colors Y ? Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 18.6 inches. Separation: AB = 18.4 miles. Distance (LY): 960 Total luminosity (Suns): 12 Soulie 422 Rating: 5 E HD 60300; SAO 97031 Position: 0735+1724 A B Magnitude 9.00 10.40 Separation PA — — 23.3 268 Year — 1984 Spectra A Colors W W? Notes: 1 measurement. Observations: C11 at 98x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 8.03 inches. Separation: AB = 11.3 miles. Distance (LY): 311 Total luminosity (Suns): 2.42 h3299 Position: 0746+1713 A B Magnitude 10.81 11.31 Rating: 5 E Separation PA — — 19.5 = 240 + Notes: 1895: 19.5 @ 239. 3 measurements. Observations: C11 at 98x. - 40 - Year — 1991 Spectra Colors W W Zone 137 Couteau 475 Rating: 5 M HD 60471; SAO 97053 Position: 0736+1950 A B Magnitude 8.52 12.10 Separation PA — — 19.3 82 + Year — 1991 Spectra A3 Colors W ? Notes: 1894: 19.5 @ 79. 5 measurements. Observations: C8 at 104x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 7.63 inches. Separation: AB = 26.8 miles. Distance (LY): 890 Total luminosity (Suns): 21 Difficult STF 1129 A 2876 (B); ADS 6287; HD 61787; SAO 97148 Position: 0742+1803 A B C D Magnitude 8.97 10.22 9.10 10.90 Separation — 1.0 + 21.6 33.0 PA — 197 = 64 + 334 Notes: AB 1914: 0.8 @ 197. 9 measurements. AC 1828: 21.7 @ 63. 18 measurements. AD 1 measurement. Observations: C8 at 104x. - 41 - Rating: 4 D Year — 1991 1991 1984 Spectra G4 IV F5 Colors Y ? B No Zone 137 Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 9.30 inches; B = 14.7 inches. Separation: AB = 2.71 miles; AC = 58.7 miles; AD = 89.6 miles. Distance (LY): 1,740 Total luminosity (Suns): 159 OS 183 rej Rating: 5 D ADS 6440; HD 64330; SAO 97348 Position: 0754+1602 A B Magnitude 7.24 13.44 Separation PA — — 16.0 26 + Year — 1932 Notes: 1878: 16.2 @ 20. 5 measurements. Observations: C8 at 83x. Scale model (in which the Sun is the size of a baseball): Diameter: A = 6.72 inches. Separation: AB = 11.4 miles. Distance (LY): 456 Total luminosity (Suns): 23 - 42 - Spectra A2 Colors W ? Zone 137 Deep Sky Objects Difficult NGC 2407 Other Names: UGC 3896 Rating: 4 D Position: 0732+1821 Type: Gal Surface brightness: 13.0 Class: S0-: Dimensions: 1.0' x 0.8' Magnitude: 13.4 PA: 75 Observations: C8 at 206x. It is an extremely faint and fuzzy E-W oval best seen with averted vision. With direct vision, all you can see is a fuzzed star. The nucleus is stellar. Radial velocity (km/sec): +8,403 - 43 - Zone 137 Zone 137 Mini-Catalog Double Stars Designation Position Rating Map STF 1108 0733+2253 1E 3 STF 1140 0748+1820 1E 4 STF 1027 0709+1654 2E 2 STF 1035 0712+2217 2E 1 STF 1083 0726+2030 2E 1 STF 1090 0727+1831 2E 2 h409 0703+2427 3E 1 STF 1053 0717+2432 3E 1 63 Gem 0728+2127 3E 1 STF 1106 0728+1558 3E 2 STF 1124 0741+2150 3E 3 Kappa Gem 0744+2424 3E 3 h2418 0751+2001 3E 3 h432 0753+2050 3E 3 STF 1156 0756+2440 3E 3 OS 162 0700+1556 4E 2 Soulie 395 0704+2122 4E 1 STF 1017 0707+1650 4E 2 STF 1023 Jonckheere 701 0708+2459 4E 1 0709+2417 4E 1 51 Gem 0713+1609 4E 2 Component A B A B A B A B A B A B C A B C A B A B C D A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B C - 44 - Mag 6.54 8.80 6.70 8.37 7.70 7.95 7.37 7.51 6.92 7.79 7.26 8.10 9.92 9.26 9.96 10.29 7.32 10.51 5.26 10.92 10.50 9.09 9.40 9.47 9.10 9.20 3.57 8.10 10.07 10.02 9.72 9.81 7.70 10.67 7.05 12.14 10.72 11.02 8.80 9.90 8.91 9.44 10.97 11.00 5.07 11.19 11.17 Separation — 11.9 + — 6.4 + — 6.9 + — 8.8 + — 6.7 + — 61.0 48.9 + — 1.7 = 15.7 + — 14.9 + — 42.9 + 145.9 + 3.9 — 10.8 + — 19.0 — 6.9 + — 21.5 — 14.5 + — 19.1 + — 21.2 + — 11.6 — 12.8 + — 24.2 — 2.1 — 150.7 + 200.0 -! PA — 179 = — 274 = — 357 + — 41 + — 46 + — 99 + 48.9 + — 202 =? 15.7 + — 330 + — 324 + 145.9 + 3.9 — 34 + — 326 = — 241 + — 217 = — 276 +? — 160 + — 155 — 342 + — 255 + — 105 + — 273 = — 19 200.0 -! Zone 137 Designation STF 1047 Position 0715+1546 Rating 4E Map Component A B C D BC A B A B C A B C A B A B A B A B A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B A B A B A B A B C BC A B A B 2 Lambda Gem 0718+1632 4E 2 Hough 345 0723+2205 4E 1 STF 1081 0724+2128 4E 1 Barton 2374 0727+2218 4E 1 OSS 85 0729+2439 4E 1 A. G. 144 0752+2215 4E 3 Couteau 928 0753+2003 4E 3 STF 1167 0759+1628 4E 4 h408 0703+2322 5E 1 Hussey 454 0706+2142 5E 1 STF 1041 rej 0714+1746 5E 2 Pourteau 2595 0715+2345 5E 1 Ball 20 0716+2158 5E 1 Smart 72 0718+1523 5E 2 Pourteau 2816 0730+2303 5E 1 Pourteau 2835 0735+2450 5E 3 Soulie 422 0735+1724 5E 4 STF 1113 rej 0735+2416 5E 3 h428 0745+2051 5E 3 h3299 0746+1713 5E 4 - 45 - Mag 8.07 9.66 11.40 11.40 3.58 10.70 9.57 10.45 13.40 7.30 8.61 9.20 10.29 11.20 7.61 9.02 8.28 10.58 9.27 9.70 9.70 11.50 9.77 12.26 9.44 11.80 11.00 9.30 11.70 10.55 10.73 7.02 10.44 9.56 11.47 9.10 12.89 9.44 11.70 9.00 10.40 8.10 10.10 10.70 8.24 13.01 10.81 11.31 Separation — 23.8 + 42.0 PA — 29 + 42.0 0.3 — 9.8 + — 1.2 = 24.9 + — 1.9 + 107.2 — 3.4 + — 62.8 + — 11.8 + — 5.4 — 12.3 + — 14.6 + — 1.5 13.1 = — 25.2 — 18.1 + — 95 = — 15.3 — 24.9 + — 7.3 — 23.3 — 91.3 320 — 33 + — 286 + 24.9 + — 233 + 107.2 — 298 — 21 — 331 + — 99 = — 228 = — 74 + — 216 13.1 = — 267 — 51 — 264 = — 137 — 193 — 29 -! — 268 — 179 8.1 — 14.3 + — 19.5 = 46 = — 279 — 240 + Zone 137 Designation Position Rating Map STF 1158 0756+2153 5E 3 Delta Gem 0720+2159 2M 1 STF 1094 0727+1519 2M 2 A. G. 140 0726+2205 3M 1 OS 168 rej 0713+2121 4M 1 h416 0719+2243 4M 1 Hussey 707 0734+2138 4M 3 A. G. 142 0741+2312 4M 3 Hough 523 Jonckheere 728 0742+2138 4M 3 0706+1903 5M 2 Hough 346 0726+1809 5M 2 Couteau 475 0736+1950 5M 4 South 548 0728+2209 3D 1 STF 1147 0751+2432 3D 3 OS 164 rej 0706+2452 4D 1 STF 1129 0742+1803 4D 4 52 Gem 0715+2453 5D 1 Engelmann 30 0715+2443 5D 1 h2372 0720+2028 5D 1 56 Gem 0722+2027 5D 1 OS 183 rej 0754+1602 5D 4 Component A B C D E A B A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B C A B A B A B A B C A B A B A B C D A B A B C D A B A B BC A B - 46 - Mag 9.50 10.20 12.50 3.55 8.18 7.61 8.63 9.89 10.57 7.30 11.55 10.08 10.38 10.40 8.98 10.80 9.81 10.45 9.49 11.20 11.70 8.58 9.52 6.93 11.70 8.52 12.10 6.78 12.10 8.91 9.66 9.68 6.89 10.30 8.97 10.22 9.10 10.90 5.84 12.70 6.89 12.31 10.62 10.40 7.81 12.57 5.09 12.20 7.24 13.44 Separation — 7.6 + 20.4 + 63.6 58.4 — 5.9 — 2.4 = — 1.9 — 24.0 + 51.8 + — 9.3 — 2.5 = — 1.7 + — 8.6 = 34.0 — 3.0 + — 12.8 + — 19.3 — 11.5 + 35.4 — 2.3 — 9.8 + — 1.0 + 21.6 33.0 — 23.9 + — 49.1 + 127.4 93.4 — 22.4 — 16.5 BC 8.2 + — 16.0 - PA — 334 + 20.4 + 63.6 154 — 224 + — 97 + — 175 = — 67 = 51.8 + — 76 — 19 = — 18 = — 324 + 34.0 — 71 — 57 — 82 + — 19 35.4 — 171 + — 63 + — 197 = 21.6 33.0 — 265 + — 18 = 127.4 93.4 — 3 — 202 BC 246 + — 26 + Zone 137 Deep Sky Objects Object NGC 2392 NGC 2420 NGC 2341 NGC 2339 NGC 2365 NGC 2407 NGC 2481 NGC 2357 NGC 2370 Position 0729+2055 0739+2134 0709+2036 0708+1900 0723+2204 0732+1821 0757+2346 0718+2321 0725+2347 Rating 2E 2M 4M 5M 4D 4D 4D 5D 5D Map 1 3 1 2 1 4 3 1 1 Type Pn (3b) Oc (I 1r) Gal (Sab pec) Gal (SAB(rs)bc) Gal (SABa) Gal (S0-:) Gal (E?) Gal (Sc) Gal (SB?) - 47 - Specifications Surface Mag Br 8.0 8.3 13.2 12.6 12.5 13.2 12.4 13.8 13.4 13.0 12.9 12.4 13.3 13.7 13.6 12.9 Population 100