2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
21-Jan-15
Number of Households, Average Income and Income Shares, and Income Category Minimums for Nonelderly Childless Households, by Household Income Category, 1979-2011
Year
Lowest
Quintile
Second
Quintile
Middle
Quintile
Fourth
Quintile
Highest
Quintile
All
Quintiles
81st - 90th 91st - 95th
Percentiles Percentiles
96th - 99th
Percentiles Top 1%
10.2
10.4
10.3
11.0
11.5
8.8
9.3
9.6
9.3
7.9
8.1
8.3
9.0
6.5
6.9
7.3
7.6
5.8
5.8
6.1
5.9
5.4
5.4
5.5
5.7
5.7
6.5
6.0
6.3
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.6
9.3
9.2
9.2
9.7
9.6
8.2
8.4
8.6
9.0
7.6
8.0
7.9
8.2
6.7
6.8
7.1
7.4
6.7
6.5
6.2
6.6
6.5
6.7
6.8
6.5
5.5
5.8
5.9
5.7
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.3
48,900
49,800
50,500
52,200
53,900
54,100
55,400
54,600
54,700
56,200
57,400
58,200
60,600
58,700
58,400
58,400
57,700
42,900
41,700
41,800
41,500
41,500
43,800
44,000
45,200
45,200
45,700
46,400
46,600
46,300
46,900
46,600
46,800
32,600
32,700
33,300
34,900
35,900
35,700
36,500
36,100
35,800
37,100
38,200
38,600
40,000
38,900
38,600
39,000
38,800
28,600
27,700
27,700
27,200
26,500
28,600
28,300
28,900
28,300
28,900
29,600
30,400
30,100
30,000
30,700
31,100
15,200
15,300
15,500
16,300
16,900
16,400
17,100
16,300
16,200
16,400
17,400
18,100
18,700
18,700
18,700
18,700
18,700
13,400
12,900
12,900
12,700
12,100
13,000
13,000
13,100
13,100
13,300
13,900
14,400
14,700
14,800
14,700
14,900
161,500
169,800
180,900
191,500
202,400
211,400
192,900
183,500
187,600
202,700
224,300
229,200
231,500
215,500
199,900
205,300
208,100
120,400
118,000
118,200
120,300
123,700
132,600
135,000
147,000
142,400
154,500
153,300
153,500
147,900
154,600
152,700
155,700
71,200
73,300
74,900
77,800
79,900
81,200
81,400
80,400
81,000
84,700
85,800
87,900
90,500
88,200
86,700
87,000
86,600
60,900
60,100
60,700
60,700
60,800
64,000
64,200
66,700
67,300
68,200
68,900
68,400
68,100
68,600
68,900
69,700
10.1
9.9
10.0
10.4
10.2
8.9
9.1
9.4
9.9
7.7
8.3
8.6
8.8
7.4
7.5
7.7
7.8
7.1
7.2
7.1
7.3
6.6
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.0
6.1
6.2
6.3
5.3
5.4
5.7
5.7
12.9
12.5
12.5
12.6
12.6
12.4
12.5
12.3
12.4
11.3
11.6
11.8
11.9
12.0
12.2
12.6
12.7
11.0
11.3
11.1
11.4
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
9.5
9.7
10.0
10.2
10.1
10.0
10.5
10.6
Number of Households (Millions)
10.4
10.4
10.7
11.0
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.8
10.9
10.0
10.4
10.5
10.5
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.9
8.7
8.6
8.7
9.1
8.0
8.4
8.4
8.7
7.3
7.3
7.5
7.5
6.8
7.0
6.9
6.9
Average Before-Tax Income (2011 dollars)
49.5
49.9
51.0
52.0
53.3
52.8
52.9
54.5
54.9
41.2
42.1
43.3
44.8
45.4
47.1
48.0
49.4
37.7
38.8
38.9
39.3
39.9
39.9
39.8
40.6
32.0
32.8
33.8
33.9
34.9
35.8
36.4
36.7
6.3
6.1
6.2
6.1
6.1
6.4
6.1
6.2
6.2
5.9
6.0
6.1
6.1
5.4
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.5
5.6
5.5
5.6
5.4
5.5
5.5
5.5
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.2
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.8
75,900
78,900
81,700
85,100
88,800
90,500
86,600
82,300
84,000
87,400
92,500
94,300
94,500
89,000
85,000
84,400
84,700
62,500
61,000
61,000
61,700
61,600
64,000
66,100
70,300
70,100
74,000
73,400
74,200
72,200
74,500
74,000
74,800
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.6
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.1
3.3
132,500
137,800
143,100
149,100
154,700
158,400
154,500
150,200
154,000
159,400
168,100
171,100
177,300
169,600
165,700
168,500
170,700
106,200
105,000
105,700
105,400
108,400
116,400
115,000
121,600
124,000
126,400
128,600
125,500
123,400
126,500
127,400
128,600
100,200
103,400
105,800
110,400
114,500
116,600
115,000
113,700
115,700
120,100
123,300
126,300
129,800
126,900
123,500
124,200
125,300
83,400
81,700
82,300
83,200
84,300
89,500
88,300
93,000
94,300
95,000
97,400
95,800
94,200
94,900
96,100
97,700
841,700
931,000
1,111,700
1,267,200
1,282,000
1,368,100
1,074,600
934,100
981,800
1,192,000
1,531,400
1,609,700
1,533,200
1,305,400
1,079,200
1,154,800
1,154,400
489,700
475,700
463,800
516,000
520,100
593,300
654,700
788,600
665,600
850,200
782,100
827,200
702,800
796,600
740,000
793,900
203,100
210,500
224,200
235,900
246,900
253,500
239,100
229,600
237,700
250,400
269,200
282,200
291,300
268,100
252,800
261,600
266,600
152,900
148,500
148,700
149,600
153,400
166,900
168,700
183,500
181,600
187,900
192,400
186,200
183,100
188,400
188,900
194,700
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.2
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.1
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4

Year
Number of Households, Average Income and Income Shares, and Income Category Minimums for Nonelderly Childless Households, by Household Income Category, 1979-2011
Lowest
Quintile
Second
Quintile
Middle
Quintile
Fourth
Quintile
Highest
Quintile
All
Quintiles
81st - 90th
Percentiles
91st - 95th
Percentiles
96th - 99th
Percentiles Top 1%
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
3.8
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.6
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.1
3.4
3.6
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.0
2.9
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.6
2.8
3.2
3.7
3.3
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.4
7.4
7.6
7.9
8.2
8.0
7.0
7.1
7.0
7.1
6.8
6.7
6.9
7.2
7.0
6.7
6.6
6.8
7.0
6.6
6.5
6.7
7.0
6.8
7.0
6.7
6.7
7.2
6.9
6.4
7.4
7.3
7.2
6.9
11.8
11.7
11.5
11.8
12.2
12.4
13.0
13.2
12.6
11.6
11.3
10.9
10.7
10.3
10.5
11.4
11.8
11.4
10.9
11.4
11.0
11.4
11.4
11.3
11.2
11.4
11.2
11.5
11.4
11.6
11.6
11.3
11.0
39,300
40,000
40,400
41,900
43,300
43,600
45,600
45,100
45,700
46,900
47,800
48,300
50,300
50,200
50,300
50,100
49,700
34,300
33,200
33,100
33,400
33,700
35,300
35,200
36,200
36,300
36,700
37,200
37,300
37,200
37,800
37,600
37,600
27,500
27,600
28,100
29,600
30,300
30,300
31,500
31,400
31,300
32,300
33,100
33,400
34,700
34,800
34,900
35,100
34,800
23,900
23,200
23,100
23,000
22,400
24,100
23,600
24,200
23,800
24,200
24,800
25,400
25,200
25,400
25,900
26,200
13,300
13,500
13,600
14,300
14,900
14,600
15,300
14,600
14,500
14,700
15,500
16,000
16,800
17,300
17,400
17,400
17,200
11,900
11,500
11,500
11,300
10,700
11,400
11,400
11,500
11,500
11,600
12,100
12,500
12,800
12,800
12,800
13,100
116,400
122,000
129,700
137,900
145,200
151,700
140,800
135,200
140,500
151,300
166,400
169,800
173,200
163,400
152,300
155,100
158,600
87,200
85,400
85,600
89,900
93,400
100,200
101,800
111,100
105,100
114,300
113,800
114,000
109,500
114,100
111,300
112,600
55,400
57,100
58,100
60,400
62,200
63,200
64,400
64,100
65,000
68,100
68,800
70,400
72,500
72,300
71,500
71,300
71,300
47,100
46,300
46,300
47,200
47,600
50,100
49,900
51,700
52,600
53,000
53,500
53,200
53,000
53,600
53,900
54,400
Average After-Tax Income (2011 dollars)
57,100
59,300
61,200
64,000
66,700
67,900
66,300
63,600
65,700
68,200
71,800
73,100
73,800
71,000
68,200
67,400
68,000
47,200
46,000
45,900
47,500
47,800
49,700
51,000
54,200
53,500
56,400
56,100
56,600
55,100
56,800
56,100
56,400
98,200
102,000
105,600
110,000
113,900
116,800
115,200
112,900
117,500
121,700
128,200
130,100
135,100
131,000
128,800
130,100
132,900
78,400
77,000
76,800
78,800
82,100
88,300
86,700
91,500
92,700
94,500
96,200
93,800
92,100
95,000
95,200
95,600
75,900
78,400
79,700
83,300
86,200
87,800
88,100
87,800
90,500
93,900
96,300
98,200
101,100
100,800
98,700
98,300
100,100
62,900
61,100
61,000
63,100
64,500
68,400
67,400
70,800
71,900
72,100
73,900
72,700
71,800
72,400
73,300
74,100
543,200
600,200
727,900
846,600
855,700
919,600
725,400
633,700
680,900
828,300
1,058,300
1,119,100
1,089,300
929,600
761,400
809,800
814,800
318,400
318,600
323,000
376,100
381,100
432,500
482,900
592,600
460,200
602,100
558,300
592,700
494,500
554,900
490,100
514,200
147,100
152,100
161,500
170,000
177,000
181,500
174,000
168,600
177,600
186,300
199,700
208,000
216,400
201,200
190,600
195,700
201,300
110,500
106,600
106,500
111,200
115,800
127,000
127,200
138,400
133,200
139,000
142,500
138,000
135,300
138,800
138,200
141,700
58.2
58.1
59.2
58.7
57.8
57.0
55.8
54.9
55.5
58.2
59.2
60.1
59.7
60.3
60.4
58.4
57.2
59.3
60.6
59.5
59.9
59.2
60.0
59.5
59.1
57.3
57.3
57.7
58.7
58.2
57.8
59.2
60.6
Share of Before-Tax Income (Percent)
20.3
20.2
19.5
19.6
19.5
20.0
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.8
20.3
19.7
20.1
19.9
19.8
20.5
20.8
20.4
20.0
20.2
20.4
20.5
20.0
20.4
20.8
20.7
21.0
20.4
20.2
20.7
20.3
19.9
19.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.8
16.9
16.2
16.1
16.3
16.5
16.9
16.5
16.4
17.3
17.7
17.5
17.2
16.7
16.3
17.0
17.0
19.4
18.2
18.6
18.2
18.1
17.8
18.0
17.9
18.8
18.9
19.1
19.3
18.7
19.0
18.7
18.6
14.2
14.0
14.1
14.3
13.9
13.4
13.5
13.6
13.9
13.3
13.3
13.2
13.1
13.1
13.4
13.3
13.2
12.7
12.7
12.3
12.2
12.0
12.4
12.3
12.3
12.0
11.6
11.5
11.5
11.9
12.1
11.5
12.0
15.0
14.5
14.0
14.4
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.5
14.4
15.0
15.0
14.4
14.3
15.0
14.5
14.8
15.3
14.9
14.8
14.8
14.6
15.5
14.9
15.1
14.9
14.8
15.1
15.5
15.1
15.4
15.2
15.3
15.3
13.0
14.6
17.4
16.7
15.7
14.2
12.2
12.3
12.6
12.8
13.9
15.5
15.8
16.5
17.6
14.3
12.5
11.1
14.4
12.7
13.9
12.6
14.2
13.0
13.0
9.4
9.3
9.1
10.0
10.1
10.1
11.6
13.0

Year
Number of Households, Average Income and Income Shares, and Income Category Minimums for Nonelderly Childless Households, by Household Income Category, 1979-2011
Lowest
Quintile
Second
Quintile
Middle
Quintile
Fourth
Quintile
Highest
Quintile
All
Quintiles
81st - 90th
Percentiles
91st - 95th
Percentiles
96th - 99th
Percentiles Top 1%
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
4.3
4.8
4.9
5.2
5.3
3.9
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.7
4.0
4.2
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.4
3.3
3.5
3.4
3.1
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.7
4.2
3.7
3.7
4.0
4.0
4.1
3.9
8.2
8.5
8.9
9.2
9.0
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.9
7.6
7.6
7.8
8.1
7.8
7.5
7.5
7.7
7.7
7.3
7.2
7.5
7.7
7.4
7.7
7.4
7.3
7.8
7.5
6.9
8.2
8.1
8.0
7.5
12.5
12.6
12.3
12.6
13.0
13.3
14.0
14.2
13.6
12.4
12.1
11.7
11.4
11.0
11.3
12.3
12.6
12.0
11.4
12.0
11.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.1
11.8
12.2
11.9
12.1
12.0
11.8
11.4
Share of After-Tax Income (Percent)
21.2
21.5
20.7
20.4
20.9
20.5
20.1
19.6
20.9
20.4
20.6
20.8
20.9
20.4
21.0
21.6
21.5
21.0
20.4
20.8
20.7
20.5
21.2
21.4
20.8
20.8
20.2
20.3
20.0
20.6
20.9
21.0
20.9
54.9
55.0
55.5
56.9
56.7
56.3
57.8
59.3
57.4
58.9
57.8
58.3
57.5
58.1
57.2
56.7
55.7
56.6
57.5
57.1
57.7
57.7
55.7
54.5
55.7
55.5
56.5
56.1
55.4
54.2
52.9
51.9
52.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.7
18.7
18.8
19.0
18.5
18.7
18.5
18.4
19.4
18.2
18.5
18.1
18.0
17.8
18.1
18.0
17.4
17.8
17.6
17.2
16.7
16.4
17.0
16.9
17.8
16.9
16.3
16.1
16.2
16.4
16.8
16.3
16.4
Source: Congressional Budget Office, https://www.cbo.gov/publication/49440
Notes: Effective tax rates are calculated by dividing taxes by comprehensive household income. An elderly childless household is headed by a person age 65 or older with no member under age 18.
Comprehensive household income equals pretax cash income plus income from other sources. Pretax cash income is the sum of wages, salaries, self-employment income, rents, taxable and nontaxable interest, dividends, realized capital gains, cash transfer payments, and retirement benefits plus taxes paid by businesses (corporate income taxes and the employer's share of Social Security, Medicare, and federal unemployment insurance payroll taxes) and employees' contributions to 401(k) retirement plans. Other sources of income include all in-kind benefits
(Medicare, Medicaid, employer-paid health insurance premiums, food stamps, school lunches and breakfasts, housing assistance, and energy assistance).
Income categories are defined by ranking all people by their comprehensive household income adjusted for household size—that is, divided by the square root of the household’s size. (A household consists of the people who share a housing unit, regardless of their relationships.) Quintiles, or fifths, contain equal numbers of people.
Households with negative income (business or investment losses larger than other income) are excluded from the lowest income category but are included in totals.
Individual income taxes are attributed directly to households paying those taxes. Social insurance, or payroll, taxes are attributed to households paying those taxes directly or paying them indirectly through their employers.
Corporate income taxes are attributed to households according to their share of capital income. Federal excise taxes are attributed to them according to their consumption of the taxed good or service.
The minimum adjusted income is the lower income boundary for each quintile. Because incomes are adjusted by dividing income by the square root of household size, an adjusted income range implies different unadjusted income for different size households. To compute the unadjusted income range for a particular size household, the adjusted income must be multiplied by the square root of the household size: 1.414 for a two-person household, 1.732 for a three-person household; 2.0 for a four-person household, 2.236 for a five-person household.
12.0
11.8
11.4
11.3
11.3
11.5
11.8
11.2
11.7
13.0
12.5
12.5
12.1
12.0
11.8
12.1
12.0
13.6
13.0
13.1
12.9
12.8
12.9
13.2
13.1
13.9
13.6
13.6
13.9
13.6
13.1
13.2
13.3
14.4
13.8
13.4
13.7
13.6
13.5
13.7
13.6
13.6
14.4
14.4
13.8
13.7
14.3
13.8
14.1
14.6
14.4
14.3
14.4
14.2
15.0
14.4
14.6
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.7
14.5
15.0
14.9
14.9
15.0
11.6
13.0
15.5
15.0
14.3
12.7
10.7
10.8
11.1
11.0
11.9
13.6
14.1
14.7
15.8
12.6
11.0
10.0
13.3
11.9
13.1
11.6
12.9
11.4
11.2
9.6
9.5
11.1
12.7
8.1
8.3
8.4
9.5