Appendix
List of Entries
Essays are shown in bold
 3’
 5’
 AB0 Blood Group System
Geoff Daniels, Marcela Contreras
 AB0 Histo-Blood Group System
 Abscess
 Acquired Immunity
 Acrocyanosis
 Activated Macrophages
 Activation-Induced Cell Death (AICD)
 Activator Surface
 Active Immunotherapy
 Active Lymph Pump
 Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease
 Acute Inflammation
 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
 Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
 Adaptive Immune Response
 Adaptive Immunity
 Adaptors
 ADCC
 Adherens Junctions
 Adhesion Molecules
 Adoptive Transfer PLNA
 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
 Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
 Advanced or Extended Histopathology
 Afferent Lymphatics
 Affinity Maturation of the Immune Response
 Aflatoxins
 Agglutination
 Aging and the Immune System
Anna Maria Wolf
 Ah Receptor (AhR)
 Air Pollution
 Airborne Contagion
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Alexin
Allelic Discrimination
Allergen
Allergen Hypothesis
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Allergic Reactions
Allergic Reactions to Drugs
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)
Allergy
Alloantigens
Allogeneic
Allogeneic Determinants
Alloreaction
Alloreactive
Allotransplantation
Allotype
Allotypic Epitopes
Alternative Activation
Alternative Pathway
Ambient Air
Amnestic (or Recall) Immune Response
ANA
Anaphylactic Shock (Anaphylaxis)
Anaphylatoxin
Anaphylaxis
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
Androgen
Anemia
Anemia Associated with Immune Response
Anergic
Anergy
Angioedema
Angiogenesis/Angiostasis
Animal Models for Respiratory
Hypersensitivity
Jürgen Pauluhn
712 List of Entries
 Animal Models of Immunodeficiency
Kenneth L Hastings, Shukal Bala
 Ankylosing Spondylitis
 Anterior (Head) Kidney
 Anthracene
 Anti-Cancer Antibodies
 Anti-DNA Antibodies
 Anti-Double Stranded (ds) DNA Antibodies
 Anti-Histone Antibodies
 Anti-Inflammatory Antibodies
 Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine
 Anti-Inflammatory (Nonsteroidal) Drugs
Petia P Simeonova
 Anti-Single Stranded (ss) DNA Antibodies
 Anti-Tumor Immunity
 Antibodies, Antigenicity of
Eugen Koren
 Antibody
 Antibody Class
 Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated
Cytotoxicity (ADCC)
 Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxic
(ADCC) Cells
 Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity
Jorge Geffner
 Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity
 Antibody-Forming Cell
 Antibody-Forming Cell Assay
 Antibody Forming Cell Response
 Antibody Fragments
 Antibody Isotype
 Antibody Response to Therapeutic and
Diagnostic Antibodies
 Anticytokines
 Antigen
 Antigen-Antibody Binding Assay
 Antigen-Dependent B Cell Development
 Antigen Presentation via MHC Class II
Molecules
Frank Straube
 Antigen-Presenting Cell (APC)
 Antigen-Specific Cell Enrichment
KGC Smith
 Antigenic Similarity
 Antigenic Variation
 Antigenicity
 Antigens, T Dependent and Independent
 Antiglobulin (Coombs) Test
Anne Provencher Bolliger
 Antihistamines
 Antinuclear Antibodies
Michael Holsapple
 Antioxidant (Levels)
 Antiprotease
 Aorto-Gonadomesonephros Region (AGM)
 Ape
 Apoptosis
Shigekazu Nagata
 Arachidonic Acid
 ARNT (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear
Translocator)
 Aroclor
 Arthritis Models
 Artificial Determinant
 Artificial Skin/Epidermis
 Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
 Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear
Translocator (ARNT)
 Aspirin
 Aspirin-Like Drugs
 Assays for Antibody Production
Gregory Ladics
 Asthma
Meryl Karol
 Asthma Models
 Asymptomatic
 Atopic Allergy
 Atopic Dermatitis
 Atopy
 Attenuated Bacilli
 Attenuated Organisms as Vaccines
Koert J Stittelaar
 Autoantibodies, Tests for
Jan GMC Damoiseaux, Jan Willem
Cohen Tervaert
 Autoantibody
 Autoantibody Detection
 Autoantigens
Michael Holsapple
 Autoimmune Chronic Active Hepatitis
 Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis
 Autoimmune Disease
List of Entries
 Autoimmune Disease, Animal Models
Dori Germolec
 Autoimmune Disorders
 Autoimmune Heart Disease
 Autoimmune Models
 Autoimmune Reaction
 Autoimmunity
 Autoimmunity, Autoimmune Diseases
Noel R Rose
 Autologous
 Autoreactive Cells
 Avidity
 Azathioprine
 Azo Dyes
 AZT
 B Cell
 B Cell Antigen Receptor (BCR)
 B Cell Maturation and Immunological
Memory
Claudia Berek
 B Cell Receptor Complex
 B Cell Receptor Modification
 B Lymphocytes
Norbert E Kaminski, Courtney
EW Sulentic
 B Memory Cell
 B7.1 and B7.2
 Bacteremia
 Bacteremic Shock
 Bactericidal
 B(a)P
 Bcl-2 Interacting Domain (Bid)
 Beige Mouse
 Benzo-E-Pyrene
 Berylliosis
 Beryllium Disease
 Beryllium-Stimulated [or Beryllium-Specific
Peripheral Blood?] Lymphocyte Proliferation
Test (BeLPT)
 bg/nu/xid Mouse
 Bioaerosols
 Biologic-Response Modifiers
 Biologics
 Biotherapeutics
 Biotransformation
 Biphenotypic Leukemia
 Birth Defects, Immune Protection Against
Steven Holladay
 Blastogenesis
 Blood Cell Formation
 Blood Clotting
 Blood Coagulation
Klaus T Preissner
 Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
 Blood Group System
 Blotting
 Blotting Membrane
 Bone Marrow and Hematopoiesis
Reinhard Henschler
 Bootstrap
 BPDE
 BP-7,8-diol
 BPQ
 Bronchitis
 Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
 Buehler Test
 Buffy Coat
 Burkitt’s Lymphoma
 C-Reactive Protein
 C3 Convertase
 C5 Convertase
 Cachectin
 CAMs
 Cancer and the Immune System
Jörg Blümel
 Cancer Immunoediting
 Cancer Immunosurveillance
 Cancer-Testis Antigens
 Cancer Vaccine
 Canine Immune System
Mark Wing
 Carcinogenesis
I Bernard Weinstein
 Cardiac Disease, Autoimmune
Noel R Rose
 Cardiac Output (CO)
 Cardiomyopathy
 Carrier
 CAS Number 17646-01-6 Caspase
 CD (Cluster of Differentiation)
 CD Markers
713
714 List of Entries
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H Zola, B Swart
CD Molecule
CD3
CD4
CD4+/CD8−
CD4+ T Cells
CD8
CD28
CD40 Ligand
CD45RO
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Kris Vleminckx
Cell Adhesion Receptors
Cell-Based Bioassays
Cell-Mediated Allergic
Cell-Mediated Hypersensitivity, Type IV
Immune Reaction
Cell-Mediated Immunity
Cell-Mediated Lysis
B Paige Lawrence
Cell Separation Techniques
Mario Assenmacher
Cell Sorting
Cellular Immune Reactions
Central Tolerance
Centroblast
Centrocyte
CFA
CFU-Meg
Chagas Disease
Chemical Allergen
Chemical Structure and the Generation of
an Allergic Reaction
David Basketter
Chemoattractants
Chemokine
Chemokine Receptor Antagonists
Chemokine Receptors
Chemokines
Rafael Fernandez-Botran
Chemotactic Cytokines
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis of Neutrophils
Lasse Leino
Chimera
Chip Array
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Chlorobiphenyl
C62H111N11O12
Chromate
Chromium and the Immune System
Mitchell D. Cohen
Chromium Release Assay
Chromophore
Chronic Beryllium Disease
Sally S Tinkle, Ainsley Weston
Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammatory Disease
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Classical Pathway
Clonal Deletion
Clonal Expansion
Clonotypic Antibodies, T Cell
Clophen
Cluster Determinant (CD)
Cluster of Differentiation (CD)
Co-Cultured
Co-Stimulation
Cold Agglutinins Disease
Cold Autoantibodies
Colony Forming Unit (CFU)
Colony-Forming Unit Assay: Methods and
Implications
Hava Karsenty Avraham, ByeongChel Lee, Shalom Avraham
Committed Precursor of Megakaryocytes
Common Chain
Common Cold
Competitive PCR
Complement
Complement and Allergy
Jean F Regal
Complement Cascade
Complement Deficiencies
Michelle Carey
Complement Fixation Test
Complement Fragments
Complement System
Jean F Regal
Complementarity-Determining Region
List of Entries
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(CDR)
Complementary DNA (cDNA)
Complete Freund’s Adjuvant
Completely Randomized Design
ConA
Concanavalin A (ConA)
Concordance
Conditional Gene Expression
Conditioning
Connective Tissue Diseases
Connective Tissue Mast Cells
Constant Regions (C Regions)
Consumption
Contact Dermatitis
Contact Hypersensitivity
Shayne Cox Gad
Contact Inhibition
Contact Photoallergy
Coombs Test
COPD
Coreceptor Competition
Coreceptor of the TCR
Cornifying/Cornification
Coronavirus
Corrosive
Cortex
Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)
Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/Factor
Covariance, Analysis of
COX
COX Inhibitors
Coxsackievirus
CpG Motifs
CPMP
CREST
Criteria Air Pollutants
Cross-Reactivity
Crossover Design
Crossreactivity
Cryopreservation of Immune Cells
CTL
CTL Activity
CTMC
Cutaneous Anaphylaxis, Passive (PCA)
Cyclooxygenase (COX)
 Cyclosporin A
P Ulrich
 Cytochrome P450s
 Cytogenetics
 Cytokeratin
 Cytokine Assays
Curtis C. Maier
 Cytokine Inhibitors
Klaus Resch
 Cytokine Network
 Cytokine Polymorphisms and
Immunotoxicology
Berran Yucesoy, Victor J Johnson,
Michael I Luster
 Cytokine Receptor
 Cytokine Receptor Complexes
 Cytokine Receptors
Michael U. Martin
 Cytokines
Marianne Nain, Diethard Gemsa
 Cytomegalovirus
 Cytoskeleton
 Cytostatic
 Cytotoxic Activity
 Cytotoxic T Cell
 Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) Assay
 Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
B Paige Lawrence
 Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL)
 Cytotoxicity
 Cytotoxicity Assays
Elizabeth R Gore
 2-D Gel Electrophoresis
 3-D Human Skin/Epidermal Equivalents
 DAT
 DBPCFC
 Death-Inducing Signaling Complex
 Decavanadate
 Decoy Receptor
 Defensin
 Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
Hans-Werner Vohr
 Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)
 Delayed Type IV Hypersensitivity
 Dendritic Cell
 Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
715
716 List of Entries
 Depletion
 Dermatological Infections
S. Hanneken, Norbert J. Neumann
 Dermis
 Desaturation
 Desmosomes
 Developmental Immunotoxicology
John Barnett
 Dexamethasone
 DHA
 Diabetes and Diabetes Combined with
Hypertension, Experimental Models for
PA van Zwieten
 Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
 Differentiation
 DiGeorge Syndrome
 Dilated Cardiomyopathy
 7,12-dimethylbenz-a-anthracene
 DIOC183
 Dioxin Response Elements (DRE)
 Dioxins
 Dioxins and the Immune System
Charlotte Esser
 Direct Antiglobulin Test
 Direct Coombs test
 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
(DIC)
 DMBA
 DNA and RNA Blotting
 DNA-Derived Products
 DNA Fingerprinting
 DNA Vaccines
Deborah L Novicki
 Docosahexanoic Acid
 Dog
 Dolichos Biflorus
 Dominant Negative
 Dominant Peptides
 Draining Lymph Node
 Drug Allergies
 Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
 Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity
 Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity syndrome
(DIHS)
 Drugs, Allergy to
Tetsuo Shiohara
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DTH
Duffy Antigen
ECSA
Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue
Eczema Herpeticum
Edema
Effector Cells
Eicosanoids
Eicosapentanoic Acid
Electroblotting
Electrochemoluminescent Immunoassay
(ECLIA)
Electrophoresis
Electrophoretic Protein Transfer
Elicitation Dose
ELISA
ELISPOT
ELISPOT Assay
ELR
Embryonic Stem (ES) cell
Emphysema
Encapsulatus
Encephalopathy
Endocrine Disrupters
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
Endocytosis
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Endotoxin
Endotoxin Shock
Enhanced, Extended or Advanced Histology/
Histopathology
Enhanced Histological Assessment
Enhancer
Enrichment
Enteramine
Enterocytes
Enterotoxin
Environmental Estrogens
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA)
Enzyme-Linked Immunospot
Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
(ELISPOT)
Gernot Geginat
List of Entries
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Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia–Myalgia Syndrome (EMS)
Eotaxin
EPA
Epidemics
Epidemiological Investigations
Andrew Hall
Epidermal Cells
Epidermis
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Epitope
9,10-epoxide
Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV)
Erythema Multiforme (EM)
Erythrasma
Erythroderma
Erythroid Colony Stimulating Activity
Erythropoiesis Stimulating Factor
Erythropoietin
Rachel R. Higgins, Yaacov Ben-David
ESF
Essential Elements
Essential Fatty Acids
Essential Trace Nutrients
Esterases
Estrogen
Europium
Evaluation of Humoral Immunity
Evans Syndrome
Ex vivo
Experimental Design
Exposure Route and Respiratory
Hypersensitivity
B Jean Meade, Kimberly J Fairley
Expression Profiling
Extracellular Matrix
Extravasation
Extravascular Hemolysis
Extrinsic Control, Neural and Humoral
FACS
Facultative Anaerobes
Fas
Fats
Fatty Acids and the Immune System
Parveenn Yaqoob
FBS
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FC
Fc Region
FcR
FcRγ Chain
FDA
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)
FEV
Fibronectin
Fibrosis
Field Studies
Fish Immune System
Bettina Hitzfeld
Fixed Drug Eruptions (FDE)
Flow Cytometry
Flow Cytometry Technique
Danielle Roman
Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter
Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting
Fluoroimmunoassay (FIA)
Follicular Dendritic Cell (FDC)
Food Allergies
Food Allergy
AC Knulst
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Formylated Peptides
Framework Regions (FR)
Freund’s Complete Adjuvant
Fusion Proteins
G Proteins
Gamma Interferon Activation Sites (GAS)
Gastric Mucosa
Gastroenteritis
Gene Conversion (GC)
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Analysis
Gene Profiling
Gene-Targeted Mouse
Genetic Polymorphism
Genetic Predisposition
Genetic Susceptibility
Genetic Vaccines
Genetically Defined Rodents
Genetically Engineered Mouse
Genetically Modified
Genomic DNA
Germ Center
717
718 List of Entries
 Germinal Center
C Frieke Kuper
 Germinal Center Reaction
 Germinal Centers
 Global Gene Expression Analysis
 Glomerulonephritis
 Glucocorticoid Receptors
 Glucocorticoids
Bob Luebke
 Glucocorticoids and Stress
 Glucocorticosteroids (Glucocorticoids)
 Glucortisol
 Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF)
 Glutathione Redox Cycle
 Glycosyltransferase
 Goblet Cells
 Gonadal Hormones
 Goodpasture’s Syndrome
 Graft-Versus-Host Disease
 Graft-Versus-Host Reaction
Michael Holsapple
 Gram-Negative Bacteria
 Granulocyte
 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating
Factor (GM-CSF)
 Granuloma
 Granulopoiesis
 Granzymes
 Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)
 Guanine-Exchange Factor
 Guidelines in Immunotoxicology
 Guinea Pig Assays for Sensitization Testing
Hans-Werner Vohr
 Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT)
 H Antigen
 H-Chain and L-Chain
 H-2IA
 H-2IE (Mouse)
 HAART
 Haemopoiesis
 Hairy Cell Leukemia
 Haplotype
 Hapten
 Hapten and Carrier
Hans Ulrich Weltzien
 Hapten Theory
 Hassall’s Bodies
 Helper T Cells (Th Cells)
 Helper T Lymphocytes
Arati Kamath
 Hematopoiesis
 Hematopoietic Growth Factors (HGF)
 Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell (HPC)
 Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Reinhard Henschler
 Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC)
 Hemoflagellates
 Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal Nocturnal
 Hemolytic Anemia, Autoimmune
Anne Provencher Bolliger
 Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN)
 Hemolytic Plaque Assay
 Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
 Hemopoiesis
 Hemostasis
 HEPA Filtration
 Hepatitis, Autoimmune
Neil R. Pumford Ph.D, Kathleen
M. Gilbert Ph.D
 Hereditary Spherocytosis
 Heterophilic Adhesion
 Heterotypic Adhesion
 Hexacoordinate
 Hexavalent Chromium
 Hexose–Monophosphate Shunt
 Histocompatibility
 Histoincompatible
 Histones
 Histopathology of the Immune System,
Enhanced
C Frieke Kuper
 HIV Co-Receptors
 HLA-DP
 HLA-DQ
 HLA-DR (Muman)
 Hodgkin’s Disease
 Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
 Homeostatic Control
 Homogeneity/Heterogeneity of Variance
 Homologous Recombination
 Homophilic Adhesion
 Homotypic Adhesion
List of Entries
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Homozygous
Hormone
HOSEC
Host Defense Systems
Host Resistance
Host Resistance Assays
H Van Loveren, H-W Vohr
HSC
HSE
5-HT
HuCD4 Mouse
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)
Human Pathogen
Human Skin Recombinants
Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies
Joel B Cornacoff, Jill Giles-Komar
Humanized Monoclonal Antibody
Humanized Mouse
Humoral Autoreactivity Assays
Humoral Immune Assay
Humoral Immune Function
Humoral Immune Response
Humoral Immune System
Humoral Immunity
Courtney EW Sulentic, Norbert
E Kaminski
Humoral-Mediated Immunity
Hu-SCID Mouse
Hybridization
Hybridoma
Hydralazine
5-hydroxytryptamine
Hygiene Hypothesis
Hyperchimeric
Hypergammaglobulinemia
Hyperplasia
Hyperreactions
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Hans-Werner Vohr
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Drugs
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis
Hypothalamus
Hypovolemia
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor HIF1-β
ICH
ICICIS
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ICS
Idiopathic Chronic Active Hepatitis
Idiopeptides
Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions
Idiosyncratic Reaction
Idiotype
Idiotype Network
Hilmar Lemke
Idiotypic Cross-Reactivity
Idiotypic Epitopes
IFN-γ
Ig V-Region
IgE
IgE-Mediated Allergies
Werner Pichler
IMHA
Immediate-Type Hypersensitivity
Immediate-Type or Delayed-Type
Hypersensitivity
Immune Cells, Recruitment and
Localization of
Bernhard Moser,
Mariagrazia Uguccioni
Immune Competence
Immune Complexes and Complement
Activation
Immune Interferon
Immune-Mediated Heart Disease
Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia
(IMHA)
Immune Response
Michael U Martin, Klaus Resch
Immune Response to Cancer
Immune Surveillance
Immunity
Immunization
Immunoabsorbent
Immunoassay
Immunoassays
Danuta J Herzyk
Immunoblotting
Immunochemical-Based Assays
Immunocompetence
Immunocompetent
Immunodeficiency
Immunodeficient Animal
719
720 List of Entries
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Immunogenicity
Immunoglobulin
Immunoglobulin Class Switching
Immunoglobulin. Subclasses and Functions
David Shepherd
Immunohistochemical Staining
Immunological Memory
Immunological Synapse
Immunological Unresponsiveness
Immunomodulation
Immunonutrition
Immunopathology
Immunopharmacology
Immunophenotyping
Immunopoiesis
Immunopotentiation
Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Activation
Motif
Immunosenescence
Immunosuppression
Immunosuppressive
Immunoteratology
Immunotox
Immunotoxic Agents into the Body, Entry of
Georg Kraal, Janneke N Samsom
Immunotoxic Intermediates
Immunotoxicant
Immunotoxicity
Immunotoxicological Evaluation of
Therapeutic Cytokines
Peter T Thomas
Immunotoxicology
Dennis K Flaherty
Immunotoxicology, Definition of
Immunotoxicology of BiotechnologyDerived Pharmaceuticals
Gary J. Rosenthal
Immunotransmitters
Impetigo Contagiosa
In utero Immunotoxicology
In vitro Culture
In vitro Engineered Skin/Epidermal
Substitutes
In vivo Immunotoxicology Testing
Inbred Strains
Inbreds
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Indirect Coombs Test
Indirect Immunotoxicity
Infection Models
Infectious Agents Models
Inflammation
Inflammatory Cytokines
Inflammatory Heart Disease
Inflammatory Macrophages
Inflammatory Reactions, Acute Versus
Chronic
Michael I Luster
Influenza
Influenza Virus
Ingestion
Innate Immune Response
Innate Immune System
Innate Immunity
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
Interferon-γ
Rafael Fernandez-Botran
Interferon (IFN)
Interferon-Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10)
Interferon-γ Receptor (IFNγR)
Interferons
Interleukin (IL)
Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein
Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist
Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase I
Interleukin-1 Receptor Associated Kinase II
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β)
Dorothy Colagiovanni
Interleukin-1F2 (IL-1F2)
Interleukin-4 (IL-4)
Interleukin-5 (IL-5)
Interleukin-8 (IL-8)
Interleukin-12 (IL-12)
Interleukin-18 (IL-18)
Internalization
International Collaborative Studies on the
Detection of Immunotoxicity
Anthony D Dayan, Henk van Loveren,
Ralph J Smialowicz, Ian Kimber
Intracellular Adhesion Molecule
Intracellular Cytokine Staining (ICS)
Intracellular Parasites
Intracellular Staining by Flow Cytometry
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Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
Intraluminal Pressure and Flow
Intravascular Hemolysis
Ionophores
IP-10
Irritant
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Isolation
Isotype
ITAM
ITIM
JAKS
Janus Kinase (JAK)
Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase
Juvenile Periodontitis
K-562
Kanechlor
Keratinocytes
Keratins
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH)
Klebsiella, Infection and Immunity
Helen V Ratajczak
KLH ELISA
Knock-In
Knockout Animal
Knockout, Genetic
Jeanine L. Bussiere, Brad Bolon
KO Mouse
Kupffer Cells
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and/or
Adenylate Kinase (AK) Leakage
Lactoferrin
Lamina propria
Langerhans Cells
Large Granular Lymphocyte
Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM)
Lateral Line
LDA
Lectins
Leukemia
Leigh Ann Burns-Naas
Leukemia-Initiating Cells (L-IC)
Leukocyte
Leukocyte Culture: Considerations
for In Vitro Culture of T cells in
Immunotoxicological Studies
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721
Maciej Tarkowski
Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens
Leukocyte Emigration
Leukocyte Function-Associated Antigen-3
(LFA-3)
Leukocyte Margination and Adhesion
Ligand Blotting
Ligand Passer
Ligand Passing
Ligand Traps
Limiting Dilution Analysis
Georg Brunner
Limiting Dilution Cell Cloning
Limiting Dilution Polymerase Chain Reaction
Lipid Rafts
Lipids
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Listeria Monocytogenes
Live-Death Discrimination
Live Rate
LLNA Challenge Experiment
Local Immune System
Local Lymph Node Assay
Ian Kimber, Rebecca J Dearman
Local Lymph Node Assay (IMDS),
Modifications
Peter Ulrich, Hans-Werner Vohr
Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA)
Local Skin Immune Hyperreaction
LPS
LTT
Lung Sensitization Test
Lupoid Hepatitis
Lymph
Lymph Flow
Lymph Gland
Lymph Node
Lymph Nodes
C Frieke Kuper
Lymph Transport and Lymphatic System
Anatoliy A Gashev, David C Zawieja
Lymphadenopathy
Lymphangion
Lymphatic
Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Lymphocyte-Activated Killer (LAK) Cells
722 List of Entries
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Lymphocyte-Activating Factor
Lymphocyte Activation Test
Lymphocyte Mitogenesis
Lymphocyte Proliferation
René Crevel
Lymphocyte Proliferation Test
Lymphocyte Proliferative Response
Lymphocyte Transformation
Lymphocyte Transformation Test
Werner Pichler
Lymphocytes
Brad Bolon
Lymphocytes
Lymphodynamics
Lymphoid Organ Compartments
Lymphokine
Lymphoma
Leigh Ann Burns-Naas
Lymphotoxin
Lytic Unit (LU)
M Cells
MAbs
Macrophage
Macrophage Activation
JG Lewis
Macrophage Development
Macrophage Differentiation
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1α (MIP1α)
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1β
Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 3 alpha
(MIP-3α)
Macrophage Maturation
Magnusson-Kligman Maximization Test
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I
Antigen Presentation
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II
Antigen
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
Molecules
MALT
Mannose-Binding Lectin (MBL)
Mannose-Binding Lectin Pathway
MAP-Kinase
 Marginal Zone
 Marginal Zone Lymphoma
 Mast Cells
Frank AM Redegeld, Maurice W van der
Heijden
 (Matrix) Metalloproteinase (MMP)
 Maturation of the Immune Response
Huub FJ Savelkoul, Scott B Cameron,
Anthony W Chow
 MC
 Medulla
 Megakaryocyte Colony-Forming Unit (CFUMeg)
 Melanocytes
 Melanomacrophages
 Melatonin
 Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
 Memory Cells
 Memory, Immunological
William Lee
 Memory T Cells
 MEST
 Metabolic Activation
 Metabolism, Role in Immunotoxicity
Tae Cheon Jeong
 Metabolite
 Metals and Autoimmune Disease
David A Lawrence
 3-methylcholanthrene, 3-MC, dibenz-a,
h-anthracene, benz-a-anthracene, BA, BPquinones
 MHC
 MHC Antigen Presentation
 MHC Class I Antigen Presentation
Hansjoerg Schild, Mark Schatz
 MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex)
Class II Molecule
 MHC Restriction
 MHC Tetramer
 Microarray Technology
 Microenvironment of the Bone Marrow
 Microfold Cells
 Microinjection
 Micronutrients
 Microparticles
 Microsphere-Based Multiplex Assays
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MIG
Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)
Migration of Neutrophils
Minipig
Mismatched or Matched Organ
Mitogen
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAP
Kinases)
Mitogen Assay
Mitogen-Induced Lymphocyte Blastogenesis
Mitogen-Induced Lymphoproliferative
Response
Mitogen Response
Mitogen-Stimulated Lymphocyte Proliferation
Assay
Mitogen-Stimulated Lymphocyte Response
Ralph J Smialowicz
Mitogenic Stimulation
Mitogens
Mitomycin C
Mitotic
Mixed Leukocyte Culture
Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction
Ralph J Smialowicz
Mixed Lymphocyte Response (MLR)
MMC
Mobilization
Modeling
Molecular Chaperones
Molecular Mimicry
Alan Ebringer, Lucy Hughes,
Taha Rashid, Clyde Wilson
Molecular Similarity
Monoclonal Antibodies
George Treacy, David M Knight
Monoclonal Antibody (mAb)
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP1)
Monocytes
Monokine
Mononuclear Cell Function
Mononuclear Leukocyte
Mononuclear Phagocyte System (MPS)
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
Morbilliform Eruptions
 Motif
 −/− Mouse
 Mouse Ear Swelling Test
Shayne Cox Gad
 Mouse Immune System
 MSC
 MSE
 MTT Conversion (MTT Test)
 Mucociliary
 Mucosa
 Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Rosana Schafer, Christopher Cuff
 Mucosal Mast Cells
 Mucositis
 Multicomponent Enzyme Complexes
 Multiple Sclerosis
 Multiplex
 Multiplicity
 Multipotential Stem Cell
 Multisystem Autoimmunity
 Murine Immune System
 Muteins
 Myalgia
 Mycotoxins
 Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
 Myeloid Suppressor Cells
 Myeloperoxidase
 Myocardial Infarction
 Myocarditis
 Myosin
 Naive Cell
 Naive T Cell
 Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
 Natural Antibodies
 Natural Antibody
 Natural Killer Cell Assay
Karin Cederbrant
 Natural Killer Cells
David Shepherd
 Natural Killer 51Cr Release Assay
 Natural Killer (NK) Cell
 Natural Killer (NK) Cell Assay
 Negative Selection
 Neoantigen-Forming Chemicals
 Neonatal Immune Response
Kenneth S. Landreth, Sarah V.
723
724 List of Entries
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M. Dodson
Neonatal Tolerance
Neural Tube Defect
Neuroendocrine Response
Neurons
Neurotransmitter
Neutropenia
Neutrophil
Kathleen Rodgers
Neutrophils
Newborn Immune Function
NF-kappa B (NFκB)
NHL
Niacin
Nitro-PAH
Nitrophenyl-Chicken gamma Globulin
NK Cells
NK Gene Complex (NKC)
NK Cell Killing
No Observable Adverse Effect Level (NoAEL)
Nodus lymphaticus
Non-Caseating Granuloma
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Non-Obese Diabetic Mouse (NOD)
Non-Radioactive Flow Cytometric Analysis of
NK Cell Cytotoxicity
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
(NSAIDs)
Nonhuman Primates, Immunotoxicity
Assessment of Pharmaceuticals in
Werner Frings, Gerhard F Weinbauer
Nonparametric Statistics
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
Northern
Nosocomial
NSAID-Activated Gene (NAG-1)
NSAIDs
Nuclear Factor κB (NFκB)
Nucleic Acid Blotting
Nucleic Acid Vaccines
Nude Mouse
Null Mutant Mouse
Nurse Cell
Nutrition and the Immune System
Michelle Carey
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Obese Zucker rat
OECD
Oily Fish
Oliguria
Oncogenes
Opportunistic infection
Opsonin
Opsonins
Opsonization
Opsonization and Phagocytosis
Charles J Czuprynski
Oral Mucositis and Immunotoxicology
Gary J. Rosenthal
Oral Ulcer
Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
Organogenesis
Organotypic Murine or Human Skin Explant
System
Orofacial Cleft
Oryctolagus cuniculus
Oxidative Stress
Oxy-PAH
p53
p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein
PAH
Paramagnetic Cell Selection
Parturition
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis
Passive Immunotherapy
Passive Lymph Pump
Pathogenicity
PBS
PCA
PCDDs
PCR
PEF
Pentavalent Vanadium
Peptide Regulatory Factors
Peptides
Percent of Living Cells
Perforin
Peripheral Tolerance
Peyer’s Patches
PHA
Phagocytic Cells
Phagocytosis
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Phagocytosis Assay
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Phenotype
Phosphatases
Phosphorylative Balance
Photoactivation
Photoallergic Contact Dermatitis
Photoallergy (Photoallergic Contact
Dermatitis)
Photodermatology
Photoirritation
Photoreactions
Thomas Maurer
Photoreactive Compounds
Frank Gerberick
Photosafety
Photosensitivity
Photosensitization
Phototoxicity
Physicochemical Properties
Phytohemagglutin (PHA)
Pig
Pineal Gland
Pinocytic Uptake
Pituitary Gland
Plaque Assay
Plaque-Forming Cell Assays
Gregory Ladics
Plaque Versus ELISA Assays. Evaluation
of Humoral Immune Responses to TDependent Antigens
Kimber L. White
Plasma Cell
Plasmodium
Platelets
Plating Efficiency
PLN Index
PLNA
Pluripotent
Pluripotential Stem Cell
Pneumococcal Disease Models
Pneumonia
Pokeweed Mitogen
Polarization
Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs)
725
 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and the
Immune System
John L Olsen
 Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins
 Polychlorinated Diphenyls
 Polyclonal
 Polyclonal Activators
Stephen B Pruett
 Polyclonal Mitogens
 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
and the Immune System
Scott W Burchiel
 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
John L Olsen
 Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor (pIgR)
 Polymorphism
 Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte
 Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
 Polynucleotide Vaccines
 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
 Popliteal Lymph Node Assay
Raymond Pieters
 Popliteal Lymph Node Assay, Secondary
Reaction
Peter Griem
 Popliteal Plymph Node Assay (PLNA)
 Population Studies
 Porcine Immune System
Ricki M Helm
 Positive Level
 Positive Selection
 Preclinical Immunotoxicity Evaluation in the
Nonhuman Primate
 Preclinical Safety Assessment
 Prednisone
 Prenatal Immunotoxicology
 Prevention of Infection
 Primary Antibody Response
 Primary Humoral Immune Response
 Primary Immune Response
 Primary Lymphoid Organs
 Primate Immune System (Nonhuman) and
Environmental Contaminants
Helen Tryphonas
 Primed Macrophages
 Procainamide
726 List of Entries
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Progesterone
Programmed Cell Death
Proinflammatory Cytokine
Prolymphocytic Leukemia
Promoter
Pronucleus
Prostaglandins
Tina Sali
Prostaglandins
Prostanoids
Proteases
Protein Blotting
Protein Kinases
Protein-Modifying Compound
Proteins
Pseudoallergic Reaction
Pseudoallergy
Psoriasis
PUFA
Pulmonary Hypersensitivity
Pulmonary Infections
PWM
Pyrene
Pyrogen
Quantitative Analysis
Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship
(QSARs)
Quenching
RA
RA-PLNA
Rabbit
Rabbit Immune System
Rose G Mage
Radiation Mucositis
Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
Randomized Complete Blocks Design
RANTES
Ras
Rat Immune System
Reaction
Reactive Oxygen Intermediate (ROI)
Real-Time and Quantitative PCR
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR
Rearrangement
Recall Antigens
 Receptor Shedding
 Receptors for Mediators of the Immune
System
 Recombinant
 Recombinant Antibodies
 Reconstructed Human Skin/Epidermis
 Red Pulp
 Regenerative Anemia
 Regression Analysis
 Regulated on Activation, T Cell Expressed and
Secreted (RANTES)
 Regulatory Cells
 Regulatory Environment
 Regulatory Guidance in Immunotoxicology
Robert V House
 Regulatory T Cells
 Relative Risk
Stephen B Pruett
 RELISPOT
 Repeated Measures Design
 Replicate Cultures
 Reporter Antigen
 Reporter Antigen Popliteal Lymph Node
Assay
Raymond Pieters
 Resident Macrophages
 Respiratory Allergy Assay
 Respiratory Burst
 Respiratory Hypersensitivity Test
 Respiratory Infections
Donald E Gardner, Susan C Gardner
 Responder Cell
 Responder Cell Frequency
 Reverse Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay
 Reye’s Syndrome
 Rheumatic Fever
 Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related
Autoimmune Diseases, Animal Models
Jeanne M Soos
 Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
 Rhinitis
 Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
 Ricin
 Risk Assessment
 Rodent Immune System, Development of
the
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Kenneth S. Landreth
Rodents, Inbred Strains
Ina Hagelschuer
Rosetting Techniques
RT1.B, RT1.D (Rat)
RTqPCR
Safety Assessments
SAg
Salmonella, Assessment of Infection Risk
Wim H de Jong, Rob de Jonge,
Johan Garssen, Katsuhisa Takumi, Arie
H Havelaar
Salmonella enterica
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis
Salmonella Enteritidis
Salmonella Enteritidis Rat Model
Salmonella Food-Borne Disease
Salmonella Food Poisoning
Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonellosis
SAPS
SARS
Saturated Fatty Acids
SCID Mouse
Scleroderma
SDS-PAGE
SEB
Secondary Antibody Response
Secondary Cytokines
Secondary Humoral Immune Response
Secondary Immune Response
Secondary Lymphoid Organs
Secondary Neoplasms
Secondary PLNA
Secondary Prevention
Secretory Immune System
Secretory Immunoglobulin A
Selection
Self Antigen
Self-Renewal
Semiquantitative PCR
Sensitization
Sensitizer
Septic Shock
Jutta Liebau
Septicemia
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Septicemic Shock
SEREX
Serine Protease Inhibitors
Serotonin
Helen V Ratajczak
Serum Sickness
Seveso-Dioxin
Seveso-Poison
SFC
Shared Tumor Antigens
Sheep Red Blood Cell Receptor
Sheep Red Blood Cells (SRBC)
Shingles
Signal Transduction During Lymphocyte
Activation
Kathleen M Brundage
Signaling Through Antigen Receptors
Single Amino Acid Polymorphisms
Single Base Transition
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Sjögren Syndrome
Skin, Contribution to Immunity
Emanuela Corsini
Skin Prick Test
Skin Sensitization Assay
Skin Sensitization Potency
SLE
Sleeping Sickness
Slp 76 (SH2 Domain-Containing Leukocyte
Protein of 76 kDa)
Smad
Small Secreted Cytokines
SNPs
Somatic Hypermutation
Southern
Southern and Northern Blotting
Kevin Trouba
Spherocytes
Spleen
C Frieke Kuper
Split-Plot or Split-Unit Design
Split-Well Analysis
Spot-Forming Cells
SRBC ELISA
Src Family Kinases
Src Homology 2 (SH2) Domain
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728 List of Entries
 Src Homology 3 (SH3) Domain
 Statistics in Immunotoxicology
Michael L Kashon
 Stem Cells
 Stereochemistry
 Sterilizing Immunity
 Steroid Hormones
 Steroid Hormones and their Effect on the
Immune System
Michael Laiosa
 Steroid Receptors
 Stevens–Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
 Stimulation Index
 Stomatitis
 Streptococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB)
 Streptococcus Infection and Immunity
S Gaylen Bradley
 Streptococcus pneumoniae
 Streptokinase
 Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus,
STZ-Induced Diabetic Rat
 Streptozotocin-Induced Spontaneously
Hypertensive Rat,
 Stress
 Stress and the Immune System
Helen G. Haggerty
 Stressor
 Stroma
 Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1)
 Stromal Cells
 Structural Alert
 Structure Activity Relationships
 STZ-SHR Rat
 Sunlight
 Superantigens
Thomas Herrmann
 Suppressor Cells
Nancy I Kerkvliet
 Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
 Surfactant
 Surrogate
 Sweetbread (When Used as Food)
 Swine
 SYBR Green
 Symian
 Syngeneic
 Systemic Anaphylaxis
 Systemic Autoimmunity
K Michael Pollard
 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
 Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)
 T Cell
 T Cell Antigen Receptor (TCR)
 T Cell Antigen-Specific Receptor
 T Cell-Dependent Antibody Response
 T Cell-Dependent Antigen
 T Cell-Independent Antigen
 T Cell Oligoclonality
 T Cell Receptor (TCR)
 T Cell Receptor (TCR) Complex
 T Cell Selection
 γδT Cells
 T-Dependent Antibody-Forming Cell
Response
 T Helper 1 Cells
 T Helper 1 Cytokines (Th1)
 T Helper 1 (Th1) Cells
 T Helper 1 (Th1) Response
 T Helper 1–T Helper 2 Balance
 T Helper 2 Cells
 T Helper 2 (Th2) Cells
 T Helper 2 (Th2) Response
 T Helper Cell
 T Helper Cell Polarization
 T Helper Lymphocyte
 T Lymphocyte
 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Test
 T Regulatory Cells (Tregs)
 T Suppressor Lymphocyte
 Tachycardia
 Tachypnea
 TAPA-1 (Target of an Antiproliferative
Antibody-1)
 Taqman
 Target Cell
 Target Cell Killing
 Targeted Mutant Mouse
 TbAT1 Genes
 TCDD
 Telomeres
 TEQ/TEF
 Teratogen
List of Entries
 Testosterone
 Tests for Autoimmunity
Raymond Pieters
 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
 Tetravalent Vanadium
 TGF-β1
 Th1/Th2 Balance
 Three-Dimensional Human Skin/Epidermal
Models and Organotypic Human and
Murine Skin Explant Systems
Hans-Werner Vohr, Eckhart Heisler
 Three Rs
 Thrombin
 Thrombocytopenia
 Thrombocytopenic Purpura
 Thymic Hypoplasia
 Thymocyte Development
 Thymocyte Education
 Thymocyte Selection
 Thymus
C Frieke Kuper
 Thymus: A Mediator of T Cell Development
and Potential Target of Toxicological Agents
Michael Laiosa, Allen Silverstone
 Thymus Atrophy
 Thymus-Dependent Antigen
 Thymus Gland
 Thymus Involution
 Tight Junctions
 Time-Resolve Fluorometry
 Tissue Factor
 Tm Mouse
 TNF-α
 Tolerance
Anke Kretz-Rommel
 Tolerance and the Immune System
 Toll-Like Receptors
 Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
 Toxic Oil Syndrome (TOS)
 Toxicogenetics
 Toxicogenomic Studies
 Toxicogenomics
 Toxicogenomics (Microarray Technology)
Rob J Vandebriel
T
 Trace Metals
729
 Trace Metals and the Immune System
Judith T Zelikoff
 Trans-Signaling
 Transcription Factors
 Transendothelial Migration
 Transferrin
 Transferrin Receptor
 Transforming Growth Factor β1; Control of
T Cell Responses to Antigens
Susan C McKarns
 Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1)
 Transgenic Animals
Peter J Bugelski
 Transgenic Mouse
 Transglutaminase
 Transition Element
 Transporter Associated with Antigen
Processing (TAP)
 Trichinella spiralis
 Triglycerides
 Trivalent Chromium
 Trypanosomes, Infection and Immunity
Ronald Kaminsky
 Tryptophan
 Tsetse Fly
 TSK
 Tuberculin
 Tuberculin-Type Reaction
 Tumor Antigen
 Tumor-Associated Antigens
 Tumor, Immune Response to
Pier-Luigi Lollini
 Tumor Immunology
 Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes
 Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)
 Tumor Necrosis Factor-α
Victor J Johnson
 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated
Factor-6
 Tumor-Specific Antigen
 Type I Error
 Type I Reactions According to Gell and
Coombs
 Type I–IV Reactions
 Type 1 or Type 2 T Cell Responses
 Type II Activation
730 List of Entries
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Type II Error
Type II Interferon
Ulcerative Mucositis
Ulcerative Stomatitis
Upper Respiratory Infection
Uptake
Urinary ract Infection
Urticaria
US Clean Air Act
UVA Radiation
UVC Radiation
Vβ
Valency
Vanadate
Vanadium and the Immune System
Mitchell D. Cohen
Variable Region (V Region)
Variable Surface Glycoprotein (VSG)
Variance, Analysis of
Variant Antigen Type (VAT)
Vasculitis
Vasculopathy
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Vasoactive Amine
VDJ
VDJ Region
Viability, Cell
Andrea Engel
Vimentin
Virulence
Vitamins
René Crevel
Waldeyer’s Ring
Warm Autoantibodies
Western Blot Analysis
Georg Brunner
White Pulp
WHO
Xenogeneic
XRE-Element (Xenobiotic Response Element)
XSCID
YAC
Zap70 (Zeta-Associated Protein of 70 kDa)
Zucker Rat