LANDOLT-BÖRNSTEIN
Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology
New Series
Group IV. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Thermodynamic Properties
Volume IV/10. HEATS OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
Subvolume B
Binary Gaseous, Liquid, Near-Critical, and Supercritical
Fluid Systems of Nonelectrolytes
Editor: H. V. Kehiaian
Authors: C. J. Wormald, J.-P. E. Grolier, J.-C. Fontaine,
K. Sosnkowska- Kehiaian and H. V. Kehiaian
INSTRUCTIONS ON USING THE ELBT PROGRAM ON THE CD
CD Version 2005
Producer: ELDATA, Paris, France
Programmers: J.-C. Fontaine and H. V. Kehiaian
ISBN-10 3-540-28004-0
ISBN-13 978-3-540-28004-9
© Springer
Berlin Heidelberg New York
Contents
Page
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
2
2.1
2.2
3
3.1
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.2
3.3
3.4
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7
7.1
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
9
9.1
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing the program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary search option: data file name (direct access) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
File identifier. File number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary search option: property type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physical quantities and physico-chemical properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Independent variables and dependent variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbols, units and scales of physical quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary search option: chemical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nomenclature of substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typing the chemical name of substances
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbols of natural elements and nuclides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Standard order of arrangement of elements in molecular formulae . . . . . . . . .
Typing the molecular formula of substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typing the CAS registry number of substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary search option: reference by author(s)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Identification of authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typing the names of authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary search option: reference by data source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Identification of data sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typing the internal code of data sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typing the SELF identifier of data sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Typing the abbreviation of data sources
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary search option: year range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multiple search options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search options: property type and chemical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search options: property type and reference by author(s)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search options: chemical system and reference by year range . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search options: reference by author(s) and data source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Visualization of numerical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PDF display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SELF (Standard ELectronic File) display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SELF structure. Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Numerical data and estimated uncertainties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Two-phase fluid-fluid systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Linked data files
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ELDATA display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graphical display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selection of units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Correlating experimental data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Output of correlated experimental data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Creating SpreadsheetML documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
2
2
2
2
3
5
5
5
5
5
6
10
14
14
15
15
16
16
18
18
25
25
26
26
29
29
30
30
30
30
33
33
33
33
34
35
35
36
36
37
37
39
39
40
41
41
41
42
46
50
Contents (contd.)
Page
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
11
12
13
14
15
Extraction of bibliographic data
Search option: data file name . .
Search option: property type . .
Search option: chemical system .
Search option: reference
. . . .
Help system . . . . . . . . . . .
Adobe Acrobat  Reader . .
Microsoft Office Excel. . . . .
Print setup . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical support . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
52
52
53
54
56
58
58
58
58
58
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 1
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
1
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 Introduction
The Landolt-Börnstein volume number IV/10B, 2005 edition, contains heat of mixing and solution data
(property group HMSD) for 448 binary gaseous, liquid, near-critical, or supercritical systems of
nonelectrolytes. Molar enthalpies of mixing HM, molar excess enthalpies HE, and molar enthalpies of
solution Hsol, are reported as a function of temperature T, pressure P, or mole fraction composition x1.
Fifteen property types are distinguished depending on whether none, one, or several among the physical
quantities P, T or x1 is kept constant in the particular data file: isobaric (constant P), isothermal (constant T),
isoplethal (constant x1).
The printed volume contains tables and graphs reproducing some of the best data for 314 selected
mixtures. The property type, including the physical quantities with their SI units, the state of the chemical
system, and the method used to obtain the data, the molecular formulae, names and CAS registry numbers
of the components, and the full reference to the original source of data are given. The original units have
been all converted into SI units. When the number of direct experimental data points reported in the original
source is very large (usually more than 50) then part of those data do not appear in the numerical table.
More data may appear in graphical form. In any case, this is marked in the footnote of the tables as “See
SELF for the totality of data”. The footnote gives merely an overall estimate of the uncertainties of the
variable physical quantities.
The ELBT Program on the CD permits to search, display, and print all the 448 data sets in three
formats:
1. The PDF Display has the same format as the printed version and can be viewed and printed as a PDF
file. It may not show all the direct experimental data. On the graph, the dotted line joining the experimental
points is not a calculated best-fit, but a ‘hand-drawn’ curve.
2. The SELF (Standard ELectronic File) Display is an ASCII file containing all the numerical data in a
well-defined format and SI units. The absolute uncertainties are specified individually for each measured
physical quantity. The Digital Object Identifiers (DOI) of property type, chemical system and reference are
given. The corresponding DOI descriptors are included on the CD in three distinct files. Using these files
and knowing the SELF format, the data can be transferred to databases and application programs.
3. The ELDATA Display is an ASCII file containing all the numerical data in the same format as SELF.
This file is more explicit than SELF, the DOIs of property type, chemical system and reference being
replaced by the corresponding descriptors. Moreover, the ELBT Program permits to convert in advance the
SI units of pressure, temperature and energy into several practical units.
For most of the property types, the ELBT Program allows the Graphical Display of the heat of mixing
and solution data, usually as a function of x1, P, or T, with possible unit conversions. All the experimental
points are displayed, but individually for each data set (isobaric, isothermal, or isoplethal). The ELBT
Program permits in some cases to correlate the experimental data points by means of a few equations using
up to ten adjustable coefficients. The values of the regression coefficients are displayed together with the
corresponding standard errors and with the overall standard deviation and the maximum deviation of the fit.
The graph displays the calculated curve. The results of the calculation may be saved in a separate file.
The ELBT Program allows importing the information of SELF and ELDATA files, as well as of the
files containing the results of correlations into SpreadsheetML documents. The XML files can be viewed
by means of Microsoft  Office Excel 2002 or later.
The ELBT Program on the CD includes a large, but not exhaustive, bibliographical database,
HMSD’2005, giving references to experimental (calorimetric) heat of mixing and solution measurements
for 2- to 6-component systems. These components are molecular substances, both organic and inorganic
having well-defined molecular formulae. Aqueous and non-aqueous systems of organic or inorganic
electrolytes, ionic liquids, alloy and fused salt systems, polymers and other materials are partly covered in
the database.
The principal features of HMSD’2005 are listed below:
Coverage:
Number of References:
Primary Data Sources:
Authors:
Systems:
Components:
Landolt-Börnstein
Nw Series IV/10B
1853-2005
3444
324
3330
10867
2049
2
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 1 - Chap. 1.1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.1 System requirements
The ELBT software works on IBM®-compatible PC under Microsoft Windows® 98 or later. It requires a
CD-ROM drive, a minimum of 16 MB RAM, 46 MB available hard disk space, and Adobe®Acrobat® Reader
version 4.0 or later.
1.2 Installing the program
Insert the CD-ROM into the drive. From Windows Explorer click on ELBT program in the root-directory of
the CD-ROM. Run the setup.exe application and follow the screen instructions in the setup procedure. The
program will be installed on the specified drive and directory (default C:\ ELBT10B).You can specify another
directory by typing in the full path.
1.3. To start
When the installation is completed, click the OK button on the opening screen (Fig. 1) displaying the dialog
box (Fig. 2).
Fig. 1 Opening screen
Continue by pressing the Cancel button or check out first one of the primary search options and press
the OK button (see Chaps. 2 - 7).
2 Primary search option: data file name (direct access)
2.1 File identifier. File number
The Landolt-Börnstein volume number IV/10B, 2005 edition, contains 448 numerical data files. Each data file
has a specific file identifier (data file name), incorporating the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) of the publisher
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 2.2 - Fig. 2
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
3
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(10.1007), the DOI of the publication, (b97686), the year of publication (2005), and the data file number.
Example:
10.1007/b97686/2005.LB0185
where LB0185 is the data file number.
Fig. 2 Select the primary search option
The data file numbers can be found in the printed volume in column 4 of the Class Indexes of Systems, Chaps.
4.4, 4.5, 4.6, and 4.7, and in column 5 of the Formula Index of Systems, Chap. 4.8. They appear also on the top
of the printed PDF tables in Chaps. 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, and 2.5.
2.2 Search procedure
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Data File Name button and click OK , or click first Cancel and
choose File / Data File from the main (i. e. the Search Criteria window) menu (Fig. 3). In both cases, the
dialog box shown in Fig. 4 will appear.
Fig. 3 Select a numerical data file
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
4
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 4 - Chap. 2.2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Using this dialog box type the data file number in the SELF File Name edit control (Fig. 4):
Fig. 4 Input of the data file number
Pressing the Select button you display the reference, chemical system, and property type descriptors of the
selected numerical data file (Fig. 5).
Fig. 5. Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 3
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
5
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3 Primary search option: property type
3.1 Physical quantities and physico-chemical properties
In the ELBT Edition 2005 there are eight physical quantities: HM - molar enthalpy of mixing, HE - molar
∞
excess enthalpy, Hsol - molar enthalpy of solution, H sol - molar enthalpy of solution at infinite dilution,
ο
H sol - standard molar enthalpy of solution, P - pressure, T - temperature, and x1 - mole fraction of
component 1. They are all intensive quantities, i. e. their magnitudes are independent of the extent of the
chemical system.
The physico-chemical properties are functional relationships between these quantities, e. g. HE (x1) at
constant P and T, or HM (P) at constant x1 and T, etc.
3.1.1 Independent variables and dependent variables
In the case of physico-chemical properties consisting of several physical quantities distinction is made
between the group of independent variables, [X1], [X2], etc. and the group of dependent variables,
[Y1], [Y2], etc. There must be at least one independent variable and one dependent variable.
ο
∞
In the 18 property types of this volume HM, HE, Hsol , H sol , or H sol is the dependent variable. In the
property types HMSD1111, HMSD1121, HMSD1131, HMSD1161, HMSD1221, HMSD1222,
HMSD1311, and HMSD1331 the independent variable is x1. In the property types HMSD1141,
HMSD1231, HMSD1232, and HMSD1351, the independent variable is P. In the property types
HMSD1241, HMSD1242, HMSD1332, and HMSD1333 the independent variable is T. In the property
types HMSD1151 and HMSD1251 P, T, and x1 are independent variables.
3.1.2 Parameters
Generally, in the case of physico-chemical properties consisting of three or more physical quantities, all the
physical quantities remaining after selecting the independent and the dependent variables are considered as
'parameters', [P1], [P2], etc., if they take one or several discrete constant values. E. g. in the property
types HMSD1121 and HMSD1141 the parameters are, respectively, P, T and T, x1. In the property type
HMSD1111 the data are taken at a low P that does not affect HE. Accordingly the value of P is not
specified. In the property type HMSD1131 the data are taken at the saturation P and one or several discrete
constant values of T. Accordingly, T is a parameter and P is a dependent variable. However, the value of P,
a vapor-liquid equilibrium property, is not specified in a HMSD type table, often it is not even known. In
the property types HMSD1332 the parameter is P. The property type HMSD1333 refers to the standard
enthalpy of solution at infinite dilution of an ideal gas in a liquid at the saturation P. The variable is T and
there is no parameter.
3.2 Symbols, units and scales of physical quantities
In PDF files the symbols used for molar enthalpy H, pressure P, temperature T, and mole fraction x, are
those recommended by IUPAC.
The symbols [X1], [X2], etc. used for the independent variables, [Y1], [Y2], etc. used for the
dependent variables, and [P1], [P2], etc. used for the parameters in SELF and ELDATA files, are
functional symbols having nothing in common with the physical symbols.
All the physical quantities are reported in SI units (product or quotient of SI base units), without
multiple or submultiple prefixes. So there is no need to specify the unit in the SELFs.
Whenever necessary, values taken from the literature have been converted into SI units using the
appropriate conversion factors. Temperatures are based on the International Temperature Scale of 1990
(ITS-90). The molar quantities are based on the 1999 table of the IUPAC Commission on Atomic Weights
and Isotopic Abundances. The standard atomic weights apply to elements as they exist naturally on Earth
(natural abundance of the stable nuclides).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
6
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 6 - Chap. 3.3
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The year of publication of a SELF appears in the SELF name. If it differs from the year of publication of
the original source of data, then temperatures and molar quantities should be converted to the abovementioned scales. The corrections being within the limits of uncertainties of the measured quantities they
were not applied to the data reported in this volume.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Symbol Physical Quantity
SI Unit
HM
HE
Hsol
Molar enthalpy of mixing
Molar excess enthalpy
Molar enthalpy of solution
joule per mole (J mol-1 = kg m2s-2mol-1)
joule per mole (J mol-1 = kg m2s-2mol-1)
joule per mole (J mol-1 = kg m2s-2mol-1)
∞
H sol
Molar enthalpy of solution at infinite dilution
joule per mole (J mol-1 = kg m2s-2mol-1)
ο
H sol
Standard molar enthalpy of solution
joule per mole (J mol-1 = kg m2s-2mol-1)
P
Pressure
pascal (Pa = N m-2 = kg m-1s-2)
T
Temperature
kelvin (K)
x
Mole fraction
(dimensionless)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
The property type identifier determines unambiguously the state, all the physical quantities and their quality
(dependent variable, independent variable, or parameter), and the method. The descriptors of the five property
types are shown in Table 1 and are stored in the same directory as the Program as ELBTPropTypes.txt file
3.3 Property types
Eighteen property types are distinguished in the Landolt-Börnstein volume numbers IV/10A, 2004 edition,
and IV/10B, 2005 edition (Table 1). All refer to binary single-phase or two-phase fluid-fluid systems obtained
by mixing two pure fluid components (State). The heat of mixing or solution data were obtained by direct
calorimetric measurements (Method).
Fig. 6 Select the property type
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 3.3 - Table 1
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
7
_________________________________________________________________________
Table 1. Property Types
HMSD1111
Example: Vol. IV/10 A LB0151, p.2-117
Property Type [HMSD1111] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase liquid or two-phase liquid-liquid
Pure component 1, liquid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
T/K
Temperature
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Direct low-pressure calorimetric measurement of HE at variable x1 and constant T
Method
HMSD1121
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0432, p.2-80
Property Type [HMSD1121] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
Two-component system, single-phase liquid or two-phase liquid-liquid
State
Pure component 1, liquid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
x1/HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable x1 and constant P and T
HMSD1131
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0445, p.2-152
Property Type [HMSD1131] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
Two-component system, single-phase liquid or two-phase liquid-liquid
State
Pure component 1, liquid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
T/K
Temperature
Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
x1/HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at saturation pressure, variable x1, and constant T
Method
HMSD1141
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0289, p.2-48
Property Type [HMSD1141] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase liquid or two-phase liquid-liquid
Pure component 1, liquid
Pure component 2, liquid
T/K
Temperature
Parameters
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
P/Pa
Pressure
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable P and constant T and x1
Method
HMSD1151
Example: Vol. IV/10 A LB0100, p.2-75
Property Type [HMSD1151] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase liquid or two-phase liquid-liquid
Pure component 1, liquid
Pure component 2, liquid
Variables
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable P, T, and x1
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
8
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Table 1 - Chap. 3.3
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
HMSD1161
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0387, p.2-55
Property Type [HMSD1161] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid - fluid
Pure component 1, liquid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
Variables
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable x1 and constant P and T
HMSD1221
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0145, p.2-57
Property Type [HMSD1221] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
Variables
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable x1 and constant P and T
HMSD1222
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0444, p.2-110
Property Type [HMSD1222] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
Variables
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Smoothed HE data at variable x1 and constant P and T, obtained from direct calorimetric
measurements of HE at variable P, T and x1
HMSD1231
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0043, p.2-108
Property Type [HMSD1231] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Parameters
T/K
Temperature
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
P/Pa
Pressure
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable P and constant T and x1
HMSD1232
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0362, p.2-154
Property Type [HMSD1232] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Parameters
T/K
Temperature
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
P/Pa
Pressure
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Smoothed HE data at variable P and constant T and x1, obtained from direct calorimetric
measurements of HE at variable P, T and x1
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 3.3 - Table 1
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
9
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
HMSD1241
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0127, p.2-127
Property Type [HMSD1241] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
T/K
Temperature
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable T and constant P and x1
HMSD1242
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0150, p.2-145
Property Type [HMSD1242] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
T/K
Temperature
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Smoothed HE data at variable T and constant P and x1 , obtained from direct calorimetric
measurements of HE at variable P, T and x1
HMSD1251
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0440, p.2-107
Property Type [HMSD1251] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, gas or supercritical fluid
Variables
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
HE/J mol-1
Molar excess enthalpy
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HE at variable P, T, and x1
HMSD1311
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0172, p.2-20
Property Type [HMSD1311] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
Variables
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
HM/J mol-1
Molar enthalpy of mixing
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HM at variable x1 and constant P and T
HMSD1331
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0212, p.2-19
Property Type [HMSD1331] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase liquid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
T/K
Temperature
Variables
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Hsol/J mol-1
Molar enthalpy of solution of component 1
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of Hsol at variable x1 and constant P and T
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
10
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 7 - Table 1 - Chap. 3.4
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
HMSD1332
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0322, p.2-120
Property Type [HMSD1332] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase liquid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
P/Pa
Pressure
Variables
T/K
Temperature
H∞sol/J mol-1
Molar enthalpy of solution at infinite dilution of component 1
Method
H∞sol calculated by extrapolation to infinite dilution of direct calorimetric measurements
of the molar enthalpy of solution at constant P and variable T
HMSD1333
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0345, p.2-91
Property Type [HMSD1333] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase liquid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, liquid
Variables
T/K
Temperature
H°sol/J mol-1
Standard molar enthalpy of solution of component 1
Method
H°sol obtained by correcting for gas phase nonideality calorimetric measurements
of the molar enthalpy of solution at infinite dilution at constant P and variable T
HMSD1351
Example: Vol. IV/10 B LB0381, p.2-111
Property Type [HMSD1351] HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
T/K
Temperature
x1/Mole fraction of component 1
Variables
P/Pa
Pressure
HM/J mol-1
Molar enthalpy of mixing
Method
Direct calorimetric measurement of HM at variable P and constant T and x1
3.4 Search procedure
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Property Type button and click OK , or click first Cancel and choose
Property from the main menu (Fig. 3). Type the letter H in the property Identifier edit control, select the desired
property type identifier from the Property Type list box, and press the Select Type button (Fig. 6).
In order to display all the chemical systems corresponding to the selected property type (there must be at least one
chemical system), choose Find / Systems from the main (i. e. the Search Criteria window) menu (Fig. 7).
Fig. 7 Find all the chemical systems for a preselected property type
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 3.4 - Fig. 8
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
11
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Select the system from the Found System list and click the References linked to System icon
(Fig. 8).
Fig. 8 Find all the references for a preselected property type and chemical system
This displays the descriptors of the preselected property type and chemical system and of all the
corresponding references (there must be at least one reference). The availability of numerical data in this
volume (IV/10B) (Fig. 9), or in the previous volume (IV/10A) (Fig. 12), is displayed on the screen.
Otherwise the information is purely bibliographic (Fig. 13).
Fig. 9 Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file available in this volume (IV/10B)
In order to display all the references in the data base corresponding to the selected property type (there must
be at least one reference), choose Find / References from the main menu (Fig. 10).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
12
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 10 - Chap. 3.4
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 10 Find all the references for a preselected property type
Select the reference from the Found Reference list and click the Systems linked to Reference icon
(Fig. 11).
Fig. 11 Find all the chemical systems for a preselected property type and reference
This displays the descriptors of the preselected property type and reference and of all the corresponding chemical
systems (there must be at least one chemical system) (Fig. 12).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 3.4 - Fig. 12
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
13
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The availability of numerical data in this volume (IV/10B) (Fig. 9), or in the previous volume (IV/10A) (Fig.
12), is displayed on the screen .
Fig. 12 Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file available in Vol. IV/10A
Otherwise the information is purely bibliographic (Fig.13).
Fig. 13 Descriptors and menu entries for a bibliographical data file without numerical data in Vols. IV/10A or B
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
14
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 4
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Primary search option: chemical system
Each chemical system consists of two or several (maximum 9) components. Each component is either a pure
substance, e.g., ethanol, C2H6O, or an undefined isomer or mixture of isomers, e.g., dimethylbenzene,
C8H10, with well defined molecular formulae, or a material, i.e., a substance or mixture of substances with
undefined molecular formulae, e.g., poly(vinylacetate), air, gasoline, etc. In the bibliographical database the
generic name of a class of substances may appear as a component, e.g., naphtenes, dextrans, etc. Numerical
data are available only for binary systems of pure substances.
4.1 Nomenclature of substances
In general, for each substance an unambiguous and unique name was chosen as the main name (i.e. preferred
name). For organic substances, it is usually one among the various systematic names recommended by
IUPAC. For inorganic substances, the practices approved by the ACS Committee on Nomenclature were
usually followed. The element S is spelled sulfur. A few other systematic names and widely used trivial
names and abbreviations were adopted as synonyms (alternate names).
An attempt has been made to select the main names and synonyms as far as possible in a consistent way.
The following examples illustrate some typical cases of main names, of selected synonyms, and of
unselected synonyms:
Main name
Heptane
1,2-Dimethylbenzene
tert-Butyl methyl ether
Oxirane
Butan-2-ol
Propan-2-one
Vinyl ethanoate
1-Chlorobutane
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane
Propylamine
N,N-Dimethylethanamide
Selected synonym(s)
1,2-Xylene
MTBE
2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane
Ethylene oxide
Epoxyethane
sec-Butanol
sec-Butyl alcohol
2-Butanol
Acetone
Dimethyl ketone
Vinyl acetate
Ethanoic acid vinyl ester
Acetic acid vinyl ester
Butyl chloride
Freon 113
CFC 113
CFC-113
R 113
R-113
1-Aminopropane
Propanamine
N,N-Dimethylacetamide
DMA
DMAC
Unselected synonym(s)
n-Heptane
o-Xylene
Methyl tert-butyl ether
Oxacyclopropane
Dimethylene oxide
Ketone, dimethyl
Dimethylformaldehyde
Ethenyl ethanoate
Butane, 1-chloro
n-Butyl chloride
n-Propylcarbinyl chloride
1,1,2-Trifluorotrichloroethane
CFC113
R113
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 4.2
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
15
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
References
1) IUPAC Organic Chemistry Division. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, Sections A, B, C, D, E, F and
H. 1979, Rigaudy, J.; Klesney, S. P., Eds., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1979, 559 pp.
2) Block, B. P.; Powell, W. H.; Fernelius, W. C. Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature, Principles and Practice.
ACS Professional Reference Book, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 1990, 210 pp.
3) A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Recommendations 1993, Panico, R.; Powell,
W. H.; Richer, J.-C., Eds., Blackwell Science, Oxford, 1993, 190 pp.
4) IUPAC Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Recommendations 1990, Leigh, G. J., Ed., Blackwell
Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1990, 289 pp.
5) IUPAC Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry II, Recommendations 2000, Mc Cleverty, J. A. and
Connelly, N. G., Eds., Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, 2001, 130 pp.
6) Lide, D. R. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA,
2004.
4.2 Typing the chemical name of substances
You may use upper or lower case letters when typing chemical names. These are all converted by Program to
upper case. Greek letters are typed as follows:
.ALPHA.
.BETA.
.GAMMA.
.EPSILON.
After typing a name, you have to specify whether it is a Complete Name or a Partial Name (i.e., just a portion
of the Complete Name).
Example:
Typed Text
Partial Name
Displayed
formula
Displayed
main name
TETRACHLORO
C Cl4
C2 H2 Cl4
C2 Cl4
Cl4 Sn
Tetrachloromethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
Tin tetrachloride
In both cases, the Program displays either a No Component found message or all the main names and
synonyms containing a fragment matching the typed text.
4.3 Symbols of natural elements and nuclides
Natural Elements: The symbols used to denote the natural elements are those recommended by IUPAC.
Nuclides: The symbol used to denote a specific nuclide in the formula of an isotopically modified substance
consists of the atomic symbol of the natural element and an Arabic numeral indicating the mass number of
the nuclide in the left position. Example: 12C. For the hydrogen isotopes with mass numbers 1 (protium), 2
(deuterium), 3 (tritium), the symbols 1H, 2H, and 3H, respectively, are used (the symbols D, T, d, t are not
used at all in formulae).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
16
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 4.4
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reference
1)
IUPAC Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances. Atomic Weights of the Elements 1995.
Pure Appl. Chem. 1996, 68, 2339.
4.4 Standard order of arrangement of elements in molecular formulae
For substances not containing C atoms, the elements are arranged in the alphabetical order of their chemical
symbols with an Arabic numeral indicating the number of atoms of each element (if different from 1).
Examples:
Cl H
Hydrogen chloride
N2 O
Dinitrogen oxide
For substances containing C atoms but no H atoms, the elements are arranged in the following order: C, followed
by the other elements in the alphabetical order of their chemical symbols with an Arabic numeral indicating the
number of atoms of each element (if different from 1).
Examples:
C S2
Carbon disulfide
C Cl2 F2
Dichlorodifluoromethane
For substances containing C atoms and H atoms, the elements are arranged in the following order: C, H, followed by
the other elements in the alphabetical order of their chemical symbols with an Arabic numeral indicating the number
of atoms of each element (if different from 1).
Examples:
C2 H Br Cl F3
Bromochloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
C4 H7 N O
Pyrrolidin-2-one
For isotopically modified substances, the symbol of a nuclide occupies the same place in the formula as the natural
element.
Examples:
(2H)2 O
(2H2)Dihydrogen oxide
C (2H) Cl3
Trichloro(2H)methane
When the isotopically unmodified atomic symbol and one or several modified atomic symbols occur in the same
place in the formula, then the atomic symbol precedes the nuclide symbols, the latter being written in the order of
increasing mass number.
Examples:
(1H) (2H)
(1H,2H)Hydrogen
C H (2H)3 O
(2H3)Methanol
4.5 Typing the molecular formula of substances
The symbols of the constitutive elements followed by the corresponding number of atoms may be typed in any
desired order. To avoid ambiguities, type all the symbols with the usual upper and lower case letters.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 4.5
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
17
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Program may correct unusually typed symbols in some cases. The same symbol may appear several times
in the formula. Spaces left between symbol characters and numbers are ignored. The Program sums up the
elements and arranges them in the standard order of arrangement of elements in molecular formulae.
Examples:
Typed text
Display
clh or Clh or hcl or HCl
CO or OC or oc
Co or co
h4c or CH4 or ch4 or Ch4 or chhhh
brCH2CH2CH3
Cl H
CO
Co (not C O)
C H4
C3 H7 Br
Nuclide symbols must be written in parentheses with the atomic symbol of the element preceded by an Arabic
numeral indicating the atomic mass number of the nuclide.
Examples:
Typed txt
Display
(2h)2o or (2H)O(2H)
CCl3(2H)
(2H)2 O
C (2H) Cl3
Typing erroneous symbols or symbols of elements not included in the data base results in a Syntax Error in
Formula message.
After typing a formula, you have to specify whether it is a Complete Formula or a Partial Formula (i.e.,
containing all the elements or only part of the elements).
Examples:
Typed text
Complete formula
Displayed
formula
Displayed
main name
C3 H8 O2
C3 H8 O2
C3 H8 O2
C3 H8 O2
C3 H8 O2
2,4-Dioxapentane
2-Methoxyethanol
Propane-1,2-diol
Propane-1,3-diol
Typed text
Partial formula
Displayed
formula
Displayed
main name
C2 N O
C2 H5 N O
C2 H7 N O
N-Methylmethanamide
2-Aminoethanol
In both cases, the Program displays either a No Component found message or the total number of components
matching the given numbers of the specified elements.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
18
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 14 - Chap. 4.6
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.6 Typing the CAS registry number of substances
The complete CAS registry number must be typed. The hyphens may be omitted but no spaces should be left
between the numbers.
Example:
Typed text
Displayed
CAS registry number
Displayed
main name
71-43-2
7143-2
71-432
71432
71-43-2
71-43-2
71-43-2
71-43-2
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
Benzene
The Program displays either the component in the data base having the typed CAS registry number or a No
Component found message.
4.7 Search procedure
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Chemical System button and click OK , or click Cancel first and
choose System from the main menu (Fig. 3).
In order to restrict the search to chemical systems with a well defined number of components, comprised between
a lower limit (minimum 2) and an upper limit (maximum 9), which are the default values, press Modify (Fig. 14).
Fig.14 Modify the number of components of the chemical system
Enter the desired Lower Limit and Upper Limit numbers in the Selection of Number of Components window (Fig.
15) and press OK .
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 4.7 - Fig. 15
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
19
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
By pressing Cancel you restore the initial values and display the Search Criteria window (Fig. 3).
Fig. 15 Select the number of components of the chemical system
In order to display all the chemical systems having the selected number of components choose Find / Systems
from the main menu (Fig. 3). Select the desired system from the Found System list (there must be at least one
chemical system). In order to display all the references which are linked to the selected chemical system click
icon (there must be at least one reference) (Fig. 16).
the
Fig. 16 Display all the references linked to a selected chemical system
Choose System / Add Component from the main menu.(Fig. 3) Using the dialog box shown in Fig. 17, select
Component # 1 by typing the Complete or Partial chemical name in the Name edit control (Fig. 18), or the
Complete or Partial molecular formula in the Formula edit control (Fig. 19), or the CAS registry number in
the CAS Registry Number edit control (Fig. 20), and press the Search button. The Program displays either a
No Component found message or all the components matching the typed characters.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
20
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 17 - Chap. 4.7
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 17 Select Component # 1 by chemical name, molecular formula, or CAS registry number
Fig. 18 Select component by partial chemical name
When typing name, or formula, or CAS registry number follow the instructions given in Chaps 4.2, 4.5 and 4.6.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 4.7 - Fig. 19
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
21
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 19 Select component by complete molecular formula
Select the desired Component # 1 from the Found Component list. After pressing the Select button you may
use the same dialog box and search procedure to select Component # 2.
Fig. 20 Select component by CAS registry number
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
22
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 21 - Chap. 4.7
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Alternatively, you can close the window by pressing the Close button, then choose from the main menu the System
/ Add Component command and select Component # 2 in the usual way (Fig. 18). The options System / Delete
Component and System / Cancel are also available (Fig. 21). More components can be added without exceeding the
Upper Limit (Fig. 18).
Fig. 21 Add component # 2, or delete component # 1, or cancel the selected chemical system
In order to identify all the chemical systems in the data base containing the preselected components, after pressing
the Close button (Figs. 18 - 20), choose from the main menu the Find / System command (Fig. 22). The Program
displays either a No System found message or all the chemical systems in the database containing the preselected
components. Select the desired system from the Found System list (Fig. 23).
Fig. 22 Find chemical systems
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 4.7 - Fig. 23
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
23
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 23 Select a binary chemical system from the list of systems containing a given component
The Program does not allow to add more components than the Upper Limit. Only the options Delete
Component and Cancel are available from the System menu (Fig. 21).
In order to display all the references and/or all the property types which are linked to a selected chemical
or
(Figs. 24, 25, and 26), and select a reference (there must be at
system click the appropriate icons,
least one reference) and a property type.
The absence of an icon
indicates that no numerical data files are available in Volumes IV/10A and
IV/10B for the selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components. The
information provided is then purely bibliographic.
Fig. 24 Display all the properties and all the references linked to a selected binary system
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
24
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 25 - Chap. 4.7
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 25 Display all the references linked to a selected binary system
This displays all the descriptors of the numerical data file corresponding to the selected chemical system, reference,
and property type (Figs. 27 and 28).
Fig. 26 Display all the property types linked to a selected binary system
Fig. 27 Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 5 - Fig. 28
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
25
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 28 Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file
5 Primary search option: reference by author(s)
The full citation of a reference comprises the name(s) with initials of the author(s), the title of the article, the
abbreviation of the original data source, the year of publication, the volume number (if any), the issue number
in parentheses (if necessary), and the first and last page numbers of the article. The Chemical Abstracts
accession number is supplied when available.
5.1 Identification of authors
The name of an author consists of the family name (one or several words), a comma, and the initial(s) of the
forname(s). The family name and the comma, but a single comma, must appear in the name.
All the names are printed in the Roman alphabet. Modified letters and letters with diacritical marks are
printed as their unmodified equivalents except ä, ö, and ü which are transliterated as ae, oe, and ue, respectively.
Names printed in non-Roman alphabets or ideographs are romanized according to the systems used in Chemical
Abstracts.
It often happens that an author publishes under different names either as a consequence of a change of name
or simply because names are not spelled identically in different publications. In order to retrieve all the papers
of an author, independent of how his name appears in the publication, the alternate names were recorded as
synonym names, provided there was no doubt that they do really correspond to the same author. Even slight
differences are taken into account.
Examples:
Azevedo, E. J. S. G.
Chao, J. P.
Fenclova, D.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Gomes de Azevedo, E. J. S.
Azevedo, E. G.
Chao, J.-P.
Blahova, D.
26
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 29 - Chap. 5.2
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Different authors may have the same name. Whenever this could be evidenced they were distinguished by adding a
Roman numeral.
Example:
Fernandez, J.
Fernandez, J.
Fernandez I, J.
Fernandez II, J.
In doubtful cases, the names are considered as corresponding to a single author.
5.2 Typing the names of authors
Type one or several initial letters of the family name of the author. You may ignore the comma and the initial(s) of the
forname(s). You may use upper or lower case letters. These are all converted by program to upper case.
Example:
Typed text
Displayed names
ALL
Allan, W. A.
Allawi, A. J.
Allred, G. C.
O’Shea, S.
O’Shea, S. J.
O’S
5.3 Search procedure
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Reference by Author(s) button and click OK , or click first Cancel and
choose the Reference / Add Author command from the main menu. Using the dialog box shown in Fig. 29, type the
name of the author in the Name edit control following the instructions of Chap. 5.2, and press the Search button.
The Program displays either a No Author found message or all the names matching the typed letters (Fig. 29).
Fig. 29 Select author
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 5.3 - Fig. 30
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
27
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Select the desired author from the Found Author list. After pressing the Select button (Fig. 29) you may
add one or several co-authors by choosing the Reference / Add Author command from the main menu (Fig.
30).
Fig. 30 Add author
The options Reference / Delete Author and Reference / Cancel are also available (Fig. 30).
Choosing the Find / References command from the main menu, the program displays either a No
Reference found message or all the references of the selected author(s). Select the desired reference. In
order to display all the chemical systems (there must be at least one chemical system) and/or all the
property types which are linked to the selected reference click the appropriate icons
or
(Figs. 31
and 32) and select a chemical system and a property type.
Fig. 31 Display all the chemical systems linked to a selected reference
The absence of an icon
indicates that no numerical data files are available in Volumes IV/10A and
IV/10B for the selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
The information provided is then purely bibliographic.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
28
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 32 - Chap. 5.3
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 32 Display all the properties linked to a selected reference
This displays all the descriptors of the numerical data file corresponding to the selected reference, chemical
system, and property type (Figs. 29 and 30).
Fig. 33 Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 6 - Fig. 34
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
29
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 34 Descriptors and menu entries for a numerical data file
6 Primary search option: reference by data source
6.1 Identification of data sources
Each data source is characterized by an unambigous abbreviation, an internal code, and a SELF identifier.
The abbreviation of a serial publication is usually the same as in Chemical Abstracts and is based on a
standard of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO 4-1972(E)). For non-serial publications
or when the Chemical Abstracts abbreviation could not be identified, an abbreviation was constructed in
the same style.
The internal code used for a serial publication is usually the six-character CODEN (American Chemical
Society International CODEN Directory). For non-serial publications or when the CODEN could not be
identified, a CODEN-like Code (000 followed by three other characters) was defined.
The SELF identifier of serial publications for which the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) is
available consists of the ISSN preceded by the character S. The SELF identifier of dissertations and Ph. D.
Theses consists of an ISSN-like code preceded by the letter T.
Examples:
Internal code
Abbreviation
SELF identifier
EIEDEX
FPEQDT
0006SY
ELDATA: Int. Electron. J. Phys.-Chem Data
Fluid Phase Equilib.
Dissertation (Univ. Saar, Saarbruecken, Germany)
S1265-1532
S0378-3812
T0049-0032
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
30
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 6.2
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.2 Typing the internal code of data sources
Type one or several initial characters of the internal code of the data source. You may use upper or lower case
letters. These are all converted to upper case by Program.
Example:
Typed text
Displayed internal codes
JC
JCEAAX
JCEJAQ
JCFTAR
JCFTAB
JCFTBS
JCPBAN
6.3 Typing the SELF identifier of data sources
The complete SELF identifier of data source must be typed. The hyphen may be omitted but no spaces
should be left between the characters.
Example:
Typed text
Displayed SELF identifier
S1265-1532
S12651532
S1265-1532
S1265-1532
6.4 Typing the abbreviation of data sources
Type an arbitrary string of one or several characters of the abbreviation of the data source. You may use
upper or lower case letters. These are all converted by program to upper case.
Example:
Typed text
Displayed abbreviations
ACAD
Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., Ser. Sci. Chim.
Rev. Acad. Cienc. Exactas, Fis. Quim. Nat. Zaragoza
Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Ser. A2
6.5 Search procedure
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Reference by Data Source button and click OK , or click first
Cancel and choose the Reference / Data Source command from the main menu. Using the dialog box
shown in Fig. 35, type the internal code of the data source in the Internal Code edit control (Fig. 36), or the
SELF identifier of the data source in the SELF Identifier edit control (Fig. 37), or the abbreviation of the
data source in the Abbreviation edit control (Fig. 38) following the instructions of Chaps. 6.2, 6.3 or 6.4,
and press the Search button. The Program displays either a No Data Source found message or all the data
sources matching the typed letters (Figs. 36 and 38).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 6.5 - Fig. 35
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
31
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 35 Select data source
Fig. 36 Select data source by internal code
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
32
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 6.5 - Fig. 37
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 37 Select data source by SELF identifier
Fig. 38 Select data source by abbreviation
Select the desired data source from the Found Data Source list and press the Select button.
Choosing the Find / References command from the main menu, the Program displays all the references
from the selected data source (there must be at least one reference). Select the desired reference. In order to
display all the chemical systems and/or all the property types which are linked to the selected reference
click the appropriate icons
or
(Figs. 31 and 32) and select a chemical system (there must be at least
one chemical system) and a property type.
The absence of an icon
indicates that no numerical data files are available in Volumes IV/10A and
IV/10B for the selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
The information provided is then purely bibliographic.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 7 - Fig. 39
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
33
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7 Primary search option: year range
The Landolt-Börnstein volume number IV/10B, 2005 edition, contains 3444 bibliographical references
published in the period from 1853 through 2005.
7.1 Search procedure
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Reference by Year Range button and click OK , or click first
Cancel and choose the Reference / Year Range command from the main menu. Using the dialog box
shown in Fig. 39, overtype the lower and upper limits of the selected year range in the From / To edit
controls and press the OK button (Fig. 39). Choosing the Find / References command from the main
menu, you display either a No Reference found message or all the references of the selected year range.
Fig. 39 Select year range
Select the desired reference. In order to display all the chemical systems and/or all the property types which
are linked to the selected reference click the appropriate icons
or
(Figs. 27 and 28) and select a
chemical system (there must be at least one chemical system) and a property type.
This displays all the descriptors of the numerical data file corresponding to the selected reference,
chemical system, and property type (Figs. 31 and 32).
The absence of an icon
indicates that no numerical data files are available in Volumes IV/10A and
IV/10B for the selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
The information provided is then purely bibliographic.
8 Multiple search options
Chaps. 2 - 7 describe the procedure of identification of a numerical data file starting with a single
preselected search option: property type, chemical system (one or two components), or reference (one or
several authors, data source, or year range).
The search can be extended to multiple options by selecting them from the main menu before choosing
Find.. A few cases are described below.
8.1 Search options: property type and chemical system
After defining a property type (see Chap. 3.4, Fig. 6), choose first the System / Add Component command
from the main menu, select a chemical system as described in Chap. 4.7, Figs. 14 - 21, and then choose Find /
Systems (Fig. 22).
The Program may display a No System found message (for the given property type). Otherwise, click the
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
34
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 40 - Chap. 8.2
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
References linked to System icon
(Fig. 40) and select a reference (there must be at least one reference).
Fig. 40 Display all the references linked to a selected property type and chemical system
This displays the property type, chemical system, and reference descriptors of the selected numerical data file.
(Fig. 9).
8.2 Search options: property type and reference by author(s)
After defining a property type (Chap. 3.4, Fig. 6), choose first the Reference / Add Author command from the
main menu, select one or several authors as described in Chap. 5.3, Figs. 29 - 30, and then choose Find /
References. The Program may display a No Reference found message (for the given property type).
(Fig. 41) and select a system (there must be at
Otherwise, click the Systems linked to Reference icon
least one system).
Fig. 41 Display all the chemical systems linked to a selected property type and reference
This displays the property type, reference, and chemical system descriptors of the selected numerical data file.
(Fig. 13).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 8.3 - Fig. 42
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
35
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8.3 Search options: chemical system and reference by year range
After defining a chemical system as described in Chap. 4.7, Figs. 17 - 20, choose the Reference / Year
Range command from the main menu, specify the year range as described in Chap. 7.1, Fig. 39, and then
choose the Find / Systems command from the main menu. The Program may display a No System found
message (for the given year range). Otherwise, click the References linked to System icon
(Fig. 25) and
select a reference (there must be at least one reference).
Fig. 42 Display all the property types linked to a selected chemical system and a reference for a given year
range
In order to display all the property types which are linked to the selected chemical system and the reference
for the given year range, click the Properties linked to Reference icon
(Fig. 42) and select a property
type. This displays the chemical system, reference, and property type descriptors of the selected numerical
data file (Fig. 27).
The absence of an icon
indicates that no numerical data files are available in Volumes IV/10A and
IV/10B for the selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
The information provided is then purely bibliographic.
8.4 Search options: reference by author(s) and data source
After selecting one or several authors as described in Chap. 5.3, Figs. 29 and 30, choose the Reference /
Data Source command from the main menu, select a data source as described in Chap. 6.5, Figs. 35 - 38,
and choose the Find / References command from the main menu.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
36
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 9 - Fig. 43
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Program may display a No Reference found message (for the given author(s)). Otherwise, select a
reference. In order to display all the chemical systems and/or all the property types which are linked to the
or
(Figs. 31 and 32) and select a
selected author(s) and data source, click the appropriate icons
chemical system (there must be at least one chemical system) and a property type. This displays the
reference, chemical system, and property type descriptors of the selected numerical data file. (Fig. 33).
indicates that no numerical data files are available in Volumes IV/10A and
The absence of an icon
IV/10B for the selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
The information provided is then purely bibliographic.
9 Visualization of numerical data
The numerical data which are available in this volume, IV/10B, can be visualized after having displayed the
descriptors of property type, chemical system, and reference of the selected data file in one of the seven
possible configurations shown in Figs. 5, 9, 12, 27, 28, 33, or 34. Choose the display format from the Data
menu (Fig. 43).
Fig. 43. Select the display format of numerical data
9.1 PDF display
The PDF (Portable Document Format) display presents the numerical data in a rather traditional tabular
and graphical form similar to the tables printed in the book. In addition, the property type descriptor (see
Chap. 3.3) appears on the top of the table (Fig. 44). It includes the physical quantities with their SI units,
the state of the chemical system, and the method used to obtain the data. The molecular formulae, primary
names, and CAS registry numbers of the components are given. The full reference to the original source of
data is given with the author(s) and the title of the publication.
The states (of aggregation) of the chemical systems of this volume are as follows: each pure components
is either liquid or (gas or supercritical) fluid; the binary system is either single-phase liquid or fluid or twophase liquid-liquid or fluid-fluid system. Two-phase regions are clearly marked on the PDF tables.
The original units of the physical quantities have all been converted into SI units. When the number of
direct experimental data points reported in the original source is very large (usually more than 50), then part
of the data do not appear in the numerical PDF table. More data may appear in graphical form. In any case,
this is marked in the footnote of the tables as “See SELF for the totality of data” (Fig. 44).
The footnote gives merely an overall estimate of the uncertainties of the main physical quantities,
usually of x1 and HM, HE, or Hsol (Chap. 9.2.2).
On the graph, the dotted line joining the experimental points is not a calculated best-fit, but a ‘handdrawn’ curve.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.2 - Fig. 44
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
37
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 44 PDF display of a numerical data file
9.2 SELF (Standard ELectronic File) display
The concept of a Standard ELectronic File (SELF) format has been developed in 1998-2002 by the Task
Group on Standard Physico-Chemical Data Formats (IUCOSPED) of the International Union of Pure
and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA)
in cooperation with the International Council of Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI). A data
portal, called DataExplorer (FIZ - Karlsruhe), implemented SELFs for a variety of physico-chemical
properties. The structure of the ELBT SELFs follows the general format of IUCOSPED SELFs.
9.2.1 SELF structure. Identifiers
Each SELF consists of two sections:
(1) The header - contains four Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for: SELF name, property type, original
source data, and chemical system; (2) the body - contains the numerical data and eventually some
auxiliary identifiers.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
38
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 9.2 - Fig. 45
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the example shown in Fig. 45:
10.1007/b97686/2005.LB0094
is the File Identifier (SELF name), incorporating the identifier of the publisher (10.1007), of the
publication, (b97686), and the year of publication (2005). LB0094 is the file number.
S0021-9614(1987)19;845;856;0
is the Original Reference Identifier, incorporating the SELF identifier of the original source of data
(S0021-9614), the year of publication (1987), the volume (19), the first and last page
numbers, and a serial number (usually 0), to distinguish papers having the same first page number
(845;856;0).
10.1007/b97686/2005.LB0094
S0021-9614(1987)19;845;856;0
HMSD1121
124-38-9
108-88-3
[NL]1
10.1007/b97686/2005.LB0136
[NP]3
[P1] .750000E+07[EP1C].10E+05[EP1A].10E+05
[P2] .298150E+03[EP2C].10E+00[EP2A].20E+00
[NX1]26
[X1] .000000E+00[EX1].00E+00[Y1] .000000E+00[EY1].00E+00
[X1] .115000E+00[EX1].20E-02[Y1] .100000E+03[EY1].40E+01
[X1] .182000E+00[EX1].20E-02[Y1] .140000E+03[EY1].48E+01
...
[X1] .896000E+00[EX1].20E-02[Y1]-.301000E+03[EY1].80E+01
[X1] .908000E+00[EX1].20E-02[Y1]-.268000E+03[EY1].74E+01
[X1] .100000E+01[EX1].00E+00[Y1] .000000E+00[EY1].00E+00
...
Fig. 45 Structure of a SELF (completely miscible system)
HMSD1121
is the Property Type Identifier, incorporating the Property Group Identifier (HMSD).
124-38-9
108-88-3
are the Substance Identifiers, here the CAS Registry Numbers of the two components, 1 and 2.
The descriptors of the 79 Substances included in the numerical database are stored in the
ELBT10BSubstances.txt file (Fig. 46) in the same subdirectory as the Program, in the order of increasing
CAS registry numbers.
The first line is the substance identifier (CAS RN), the following lines are the molecular formula,
primary name, and alternate names (if any).
56-23-5
C Cl4
Tetrachloromethane
Carbon tetrachloride
R 10
R-10
#
60-29-7
C4 H10 O
Diethyl ether
Ethoxyethane
Ethyl ether
Ether
#etc. etc.
Fig. 46 Structure of the ELBT10BSubstances.txt file
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.2.2 - Fig. 47
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
39
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The descriptors of the 163 references included in the numerical database are stored in the
ELBT10BReferences.txt file (Fig. 47) in the same subdirectory as the Program. The first line is the original
reference identifier.
S0021-9614(1988)20;797;804;0
Al-Bizreh, N.; Wormald, C. J.; Yerlett, T. K.
Enthalpies of {x(CH3)2CO + (1-x)C6H14} for x = 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 at 510.2 K up to 9.11
MPa
J. Chem. Thermodyn. 1988, 20, 797-804.
#
S0021-9568(1977)22;171;177;0
Ba, L. B.; Nain, V. P. S.; Kaliaguine, S. C.; Ramalho, R. S.
Direct determination of enthalpy of mixing of the binary gaseous system N2 - O2 by flow
calorimetry
J. Chem. Eng. Data 1977, 22, 171-177.
#etc. etc.
Fig. 47 Structure of the ELBT10BReferences.txt file
9.2.2 Numerical data and esimated uncertainties
In the body of the SELF or ELDATA file of a property type including parameters (Chap. 3.1.2), [NP]
represents the number of parameter sets (not the number of parameters) and [NX1] the number of data
points in each set (block) of parameters, including (when [X1] = x1) the two values [X1]
.000000E+00 and [X1] .100000E+01 (Fig. 45). The numerical values are expressed in
engineering style, starting with either a space, in case of positive values, or the - (minus) sign in the case of
negative values, followed by a decimal point, then by six digits, the letter E for exponent (base 10), a +
(plus) or - (minus) sign, and two digits which indicate the power of 10.
In the data files each measured physical quantity is accompanied by its absolute uncertainty. The
symbols: [EX1], [EX2], etc. and [EY1], [EY2], etc. are used, respectively, for the uncertainties of
the independent and the dependent variables. The uncertainties are expressed by a decimal point, followed
by two digits, the letter E for exponential (base 10), a + (plus) or - (minus) sign, and two digits which
indicate the power of 10.
Two uncertainties have been assigned to parameters: [EPC1], [EPC2], etc. express the
reproducibility of the 'constant' values of the parameters, [EPA1], [EPA2], etc. express the absolute
experimental uncertainty of the parameters. In Fig. 45, [P2].298150E+03[EP1C].10E+00
[EP1A].20E+00 means the measurements are isothermal to within [EP1C]. 10E+00 (0.1 K), but
the ITS-90 temperature itself, [P1] .298150E+03 (298.15 K) is known with an accuracy of only
[EP1A].20E+00 (0.2 K).
The uncertainties of the different quantities, if reported by the authors, are given in the SELFs and
identically in the corresponding ELDATA files. In many cases additions and corrections were necessary. In
view of the difficulty of assigning the uncertainties for this type of measurements, the reported values
should be regarded as rough estimates and used with care.
In the footnote of the PDF tables only estimates of the overall uncertainties of the main physical
quantities, usually of x1 and HM, HE, or Hsol, are given in terms of σ(x1 ), the average uncertainty of x1 ,
and, e. g. of σrel(HE), the average relative uncertainty of HE , or more generally of σ(HE) /J mol-1 = a + b |
HE /J mol-1|, the average absolute uncertainty of HE (where b may be equal to zero).
9.2.3 Two-phase fluid-fluid systems
In the case of two-phase fluid-fluid systems the HM or HE data are presented in the body of a SELF or
ELDATA file in five distinct blocks. This is marked by [NB] 5 (Fig. 48).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
40
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 48 - Chap. 9.2.4
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10.1007/b97686/2005.LB0279
S0021-9614(1991)23;941;949;0
HMSD1311
124-38-9
111-84-2
[NP]2
[P1] .750000E+07[EP1C].10E+05[EP1A].10E+05
[P2] .373150E+03[EP2C].10E-01[EP2A].20E-01
[NB]5
[NX1]7
[X1] .000000E+00[EX1].00E+00[Y1] .000000E+00[EY1].00E+00
[X1] .112900E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1]-.395000E+03[EY1].84E+01
...
[X1] .401400E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1]-.162000E+04[EY1].33E+02
[X1] .462800E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1]-.157000E+04[EY1].32E+02
[NX1]1
[X1] .480000E+00[EX1].10E-02[Y1]-.154900E+04[EY1].80E+02
[NX1]15
[X1] .517700E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1]-.142000E+04[EY1].29E+02
[X1] .567000E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1]-.125000E+04[EY1].26E+02
...
[X1] .964900E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1] .185000E+03[EY1].42E+01
[X1] .979500E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1] .242000E+03[EY1].53E+01
[NX1]1
[X1] .980000E+00[EX1].10E-02[Y1] .232000E+03[EY1].12E+02
[NX1]3
[X1] .986500E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1] .252000E+03[EY1].55E+01
[X1] .993400E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1] .128000E+03[EY1].31E+01
[X1] .100000E+01[EX1].00E+00[Y1] .000000E+00[EY1].00E+00
Fig. 48 Structure of a SELF (two-phase fluid-fluid system)
In the example shown in Fig. 48, for the parameter values [P1] .750000E+07 (P = 7.5 106Pa) and
[P2] .373150E+03 (T = 373.15 K):
the first block contains 7 HM data points ([NX1]7) in the homogeneous region at mole fractions of
component 1 from x1 = 0.0000 ([X1] .000000E+00) to x1 = 0.4628 ([X1] .462800E+00);
the fifth block contains 3 HM data points ([NX1]3) in the homogeneous region at mole fractions of
component 1 from x1 = 0.9865 ([X1] .986500E+00) to x1 = 1.0000 ([X1] .100000E+01);
the third block contains 15 HE data points ([NX1]15) in the heterogeneous region at mole fractions of
component 1 from x1 = 0.5177 ([X1] . 517700E+00) to x1 = 0.9795 ([X1] . 979500E+00). In
this region HM is a linear function of x1 (Chap. 9.6);
the second and fourth blocks contain 1 data point each ([NX1]1), which are the HM values on the
equilibrium two-phase boundary curve at mole fractions of component 1 x1 = 0.4800 ([X1] .
480000E+00) and x1 = 0.9800 ([X1] . 980000E+00). These values are usually obtained by
analytical or graphical determination of the intersections points of the HM(x1) curves in the homogeneous
regions with the HM(x1) line in the heterogeneous region.
In case of absence of data in a block, [NX1]0.
9.2.4 Linked data files
Linked data files contain data for a given system in different regions of the phase diagram, therefore
corresponding to different property types, which were obtained in the same apparatus and are reported in
the same publication. E. g. the file in Fig. 45, file number LB0094, property type HMSD1121, contains HE
data for a mixture in which both components are in the liquid state. This file is linked to another numerical
data file, file number LB0136, containing HM data for the same mixture, property type HMSD1311, of pure
component 1 in the gas or supercritical fluid state, and pure component 2 in the liquid state. The source of
data is the same.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.3 - Fig. 49
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
41
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9.3 ELDATA display
The ELDATA (ELectronic DATA) display is an ASCII file containing all the numerical data in a format
similar to, but more explicit, than SELF (Chap. 9.2). Like in SELF, all the data points are displayed with
their uncertainties. Additionally, the descriptors of the DOIs of property type, chemical system and
reference appear in the file. In the case of partially miscible systems, the data blocks are clearly shown.
In PDF and SELF the physical quantities are displayed in SI units and no change of units is possible.
The ELDATA display permits the conversion of the SI scale and unit of temperature and of the unit of
molar energy, eventually also of pressure, if relevant to the given HMSD property type, into several
practical units (Chap. 9.5).
9.4. Graphical display
For the property types HMSD1111, HMSD1121, HMSD1131, HMSD1161, HMSD1221, HMSD1222, and
HMSD1311 the graph displays the HE or HM data points as a function of x1, from x1 = 0 to x1 = 1,
individually for each set of parameters, T or P, T. For HMSD1331 Hsol is plotted as a function of x1 at
constant value(s) of P and T. For HMSD1141, HMSD1231, HMSD1232, and HMSD1351 HE or HM are
plotted as a function of P at constant value(s) of T and x1. For HMSD1241 and HMSD1242 HE is plotted as
∞
a function of T at constant value(s) of P and x1. For HMSD1332 and HMSD1333 H sol
or
ο
H sol
are
plotted as a function of T. There is no graph in the case of HMSD1151 and HMSD1251.
9.5 Selection of units
Choosing the Units Selection option in the Data menu (Fig. 43), the dialog box shown in Fig. 49 will
appear. It displays all the physical quantities involved in the selected property type with the list of available
units.
Fig. 49 Select the unit of molar energy
In order to change the current unit of a physical quantity (initially the SI unit), highlight the physical
quantity and the new unit, click first on the Change Unit button and then on the Close button. To cancel
all the unit conversions click on the Restore SI button.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
42
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Chap. 9.6
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9.6 Correlating experimental data
The experimental HE(x1) data in the homogeneous region can be correlated by means of the general
expression:
n
HEcalc = x1(1 - x1) Σ A(j) z j-1
(1)
j=1
the function z being one of the following:
Function z
x
1-x
2x - 1
x½
1/x
Identifier
RKX
RK1MINX
RK2XMIN1
RKSQRTX
RKINVX
Eq.(1), with z = 2x1 – 1, known as the Redlich-Kister equation, is most commonly used for representing
HEcalc(x1) curves which are moderately skewed.
The coefficients A(j) are determined by least squares procedures assigning equal weights to both
variables, x1 and HEexp.
The maximum deviation δ(HE) and the standard deviation σ(HE) of the fit are defined as:
δ(HE) = max |HEexp,i - HEcalc,i|
(2)
N
σ(HE) = [ Σ (HEexp,i - HEcalc,i)2/( N - n)]1/2
(3)
i=1
where N is the number of experimental points and n the number of coefficients A(j).
For n = 1 the HEcalc curve is perfectly symmetrical. The least squares fitting is carried out for increasing
values of n, the best value being the one which minimizes σ(HE). Obviously, n < Nexp. The Program does
not allow to enter n ≥ N. It is recommended to use the smallest value of n possible which still accurately
represent the data. A smoothed curve that wiggles through the data indicates that the order of n is too high.
To fit measurements for which the HE(x1) curve is highly unsymmetrical it is recommended to use the
equation:
n
HEcalc = {x1(1 - x1) /[1 + k(2x1 - 1)]}Σ A(j) z j-1
(4)
j=1
with the term [1 + k(2x1 - 1)] in the denominator. In order to have no pole in the denominator in the range x1
= 0 to x1 = 1, the value of the skewing factor k must be -1 < k < 1. The Program does not allow to enter
-1 ≥ k ≥ 1. For k = 0 Eq.(4) reduces to Eq. (1).
The value of k is not evaluated by least squares. A trial value for k is first used and then calculations are
repeated until a satisfactory representation is obtained. An approximate value of k is given by:
k = 2(2x1,max - 1)/[1 + (2x1,max - 1)]
(5)
where x1,max is the mole fraction of component 1 corresponding to the maximum (or minimum) of HE.
Eq.(4) is not superior to Eq.(1) in case of HE’s presenting several extrema such as S-shaped curves.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.6 - Fig. 50
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
43
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 50 Graphical display and controls for correlating experimental HE(x1) or HM(x1) data, Eqs. (1) or (4)
Using the appropriate controls shown in Fig. 50, check out the type of function z, select the number n of
coefficients A(j), enter the value of the skewing factor k, and press the Do calculations button. The default
values are z = 2x - 1 (RK2XMIN1), n = 3, and k = 0. The number N of data points should be N > 2, i. e. the
data set should contain at least one data point for 0 < x1 < 1, and n < N – 2. The Program displays the
coefficients A(j) with their standard errors (in parentheses), the maximum deviation δ = δ(HE) and the
standard deviation σ = σ(HE). The calculations can be repeated for any other choices of set number,
function z, number n < 10 of coefficients A(j), or skewing factor k,
Another equation has been proposed for strongly asymmetrical or S-shaped curves:
E
Hcalc
= x1(1 − x1)[S
m
∑
i =1
n
∑ B( j)(2x −1) ]
A(i)(2x1 − 1)i + (1 − S )
1
j
(6)
j =1
where S is a switching function serving to change the coefficients from a set which fits the data at low x1 to
a set which fits the data at higher x1:
S = 0.5 tanh{a (x1 – b) – 1}
(7)
where a determines the sharpness of the switch and b sets the value of x1 where the switch occurs.
When using Eqs. (6) and (7), Identifier SWXAB, enter trial values for the sharpness factor a (default
value 10) and for the switching position b (default value 0.5) and select the numbers n, of coefficients A(i),
and m, of coefficients B(j) (default values 3) (Fig.51).
In a region where phase separation occurs, HE changes linearly with x1:
E
H calc
= B (1) + B ( 2) x1
(8)
This is due the fact that the equilibrium compositions of the two phases do not change with x1 in this
region. The coefficients B(1) and B(2) can be obtained by linear regression of the HE(x1) data. Calculating
the intersection points of the HEcalc curve in the single-phase region with the straight line in the two-phase
region permits the determination of the compositions of the phases in equilibrium curve at any given
temperature and pressure.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
44
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 51 - Chap. 9.6
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With at least two data points, including the points on the fluid-fluid equilibrium phase boundary curve, the
coefficients B(1) and B(2), Eq. (8), are calculated and displayed automatically. The procedure of
correlating the data in the homogeneous regions is the same as described above
Fig. 51 Graphical display and controls for correlating experimental HE (x1) or HM (x1) data, Eqs. (6) and (7)
Fig. 52. Graphical display of correlated experimental data for a two-phase fluid-fluid system
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.6 - Fig. 53
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
45
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The equations listed above work usually well when both the pure components and the binary mixture are in
the same state of aggregation, i. e. liquid (Property Types HMSD1111, HMSD1121, and HMSD1131) or
(gas or supercritical fluid) (Property Types HMSD1221 and HMSD1222) and not too close to the critical
line. Heat of mixing vs. composition curves, HM(x1), of (gas or supercritical fluid) + liquid mixtures
(Property Type HMSD1311) or the HE(x1) curve of two liquids forming a single or two-phase fluid-fluid
mixture (Property Type HMSD1161) are often impossible to correlate with any simple empirical equation.
Fig. 53 Graphical display and controls for correlated experimental HE (T) data, Eq. (9)
∞
ο
The experimental HE(P), HM(P), HE(T), H sol (T), or H sol (T) data can be sometimes correlated by means of
Eq. (9)
n
H
E
calc
= ∑ A( j ) z j −1
(9)
j=1
the function z being one of the following:
Function z
P or T
1/P or 1/T
P – P° or T – T°
(P – P°)/ P or (T – T°)/ T
Identifier
POLYX
POLYINVX
POLYXMINX0
POLYX0INVX
where P° is a reference pressure (default value P° = 0.1·106Pa ) and T° is a reference temperature (default
value T° = 0.29815·103K).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
46
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 54a - Chap. 9.7
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Using the appropriate controls shown in Fig. 53, check out the type of function z, select the number n of
coefficients A(j), enter the value of the reference pressure or temperature X0, and press the Do calculations button.
The default values are z = X (POLYX), n = 3, and X0 = .100000E+06 Pa or X0 = .298150E+03 K The number N
of data points should be N > 1, i. e. the data set should contain at least two data points.
The coefficients A(j) are determined by least squares assigning equal weights to both variables. The standard
deviation of the fit σ(HE) is defined as
N
E
E
2
1/ 2
σ ( H E ) = [∑ ( H exp,
i − H calc ,i ) / N ]
(10)
i =1
where N is the number of experimental points.
∞
ο
Similar equations can be used for correlating HM(P), H sol (T), or H sol (T) curves .
The Hsol(x1) curves representing the composition dependence of the molar enthalpy of solution at constant
pressure P and temperature T (Property Type HMSD1331) can be fitted to Eq. (9) with z = x1 , the mole fraction
of the solute. Generally Hsol(x1) reaches a constant value for x1 → 0, the molar enthalpy of solution at infinite
∞
dilution, H sol , which is given by the coefficient A(1).
ο
∞
The H sol (T ) and H sol (T ) curves representing the temperature dependence of, respectively, the molar
enthalpy of solution at infinite dilution at constant pressure P (Property Type HMSD1332) and the standard
molar enthalpy of solution (Property Type HMSD1333), can be fitted to Eq. (9). With z = T – T°:
ο
(T ο )
A(1) = H sol
(11)
A(2) = C Pο , sol (T ο )
(12)
and
ο
ο
where H sol (T ) is the standard molar enthalpy of solution and
C Pο , sol is the standard molar heat capacity of
solution, both at the reference temperature T°.
9.7. Output of correlated experimental data
Selecting Show / Results from the main menu, (Figs. 52 or 53), displays the calculated values in an ELDATA
style ASCII file (Figs. 54 a, b, and c).
Publisher
: Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Property Code : [HMSD1315]
Property Group: HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
State
: Two-component system, single-phase fluid or two-phase
fluid-fluid
Pure component 1, gas or supercritical fluid
Pure component 2, liquid
Parameters
: [P1] P/Pa
Pressure
[P2] T/K
Temperature
Variables
: [X1] x1/Mole fraction of component 1
[Y1] HM/J mol-1
Molar enthalpy of mixing
Method
: Smoothed HM values obtained from direct calorimetric
Measurements
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Fig. 54 a. ELDATA display of correlated experimental data.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.7 - Fig. 54 b
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
47
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ORIGINAL SOURCE OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA
---------------------------------------------------------------------------SELF Name
: [10.1007/ b97686/2005.LB0374]
Reference
: Ott, J. B.; Sipowska, J. T.; Owen, R. L.; Izatt, R. M. J. Ch
em. Thermodyn. 1990, 22, 683.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Component (1) : [F1]C2 H6
[N1]Ethane
[CASRN1]
74-84-0
[M1] 30.069040000
Component (2) : [F2]C2 H6 O
[N2]Ethanol
[CASRN2]
64-17-5
[M2] 46.068440000
---------------------------------------------------------------------------PARAMETERS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[P1] .500000E+07
[P2] .323150E+03
---------------------------------------------------------------------------SINGLE-PHASE REGION
---------------------------------------------------------------------------COEFFICIENTS [A(I)], ERRORS [EA(I)] AND SKEWING FACTOR [SF]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[A(1)]-.699165E+04[EA(1)].17E+03
[A(2)] .777021E+04[EA(2)].53E+03
[A(3)] .183912E+05[EA(3)].33E+03
[A(4)] .104686E+05[EA(4)].65E+03
[SF] .000000E+00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------STANDARD DEVIATION [SD] AND MAXIMUM DEVIATION [MAXD]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[SD].12E+02[MAXD].23E+02
---------------------------------------------------------------------------CALCULATED [Y1] DATA FOR EXPERIMENTAL [X1] VALUES AND DEVIATIONS
[DY1]=[Y1](CALC)-[Y1](EXP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[X1] .000000E+00[Y1] .000000E+00[DY1] .00E+00
[X1] .357000E-01[Y1]-.231716E+03[DY1]-.68E+01
[X1] .725000E-01[Y1]-.452816E+03[DY1]-.13E+02
[X1] .110500E+00[Y1]-.671610E+03[DY1] .10E+02
[X1] .149700E+00[Y1]-.892088E+03[DY1] .48E+01
[X1] .190100E+00[Y1]-.111394E+04[DY1] .49E+01
[X1] .231900E+00[Y1]-.133311E+04[DY1] .81E+01
[X1] .274900E+00[Y1]-.153833E+04[DY1]-.23E+02
[X1] .319400E+00[Y1]-.171563E+04[DY1]-.13E+00
[X1] .352000E+00[Y1]-.181377E+04[DY1] .82E+01
[X1] .987800E+00[Y1] .335197E+03[DY1] .82E+01
[X1] .988200E+00[Y1] .325024E+03[DY1]-.22E+01
[X1] .991100E+00[Y1] .249646E+03[DY1]-.98E+01
[X1] .100000E+01[Y1] .000000E+00[DY1] .00E+00
Fig. 54 b. ELDATA display of correlated experimental data (homogeneous region)
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
48
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 54c - Chap. 9.7
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
TWO-PHASE REGION
---------------------------------------------------------------------------PHASE BOUNDARY POINTS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[X1] .352000E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1]-.182200E+04[EY1].10E+03
[X1] .987800E+00[EX1].50E-03[Y1] .327000E+03[EY1].20E+03
---------------------------------------------------------------------------CORRELATING EQUATION
---------------------------------------------------------------------------Identifier
: LINE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------COEFFICIENTS [B(I)], ERRORS [EB(I)]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[B(1)]-.301121E+04[EB(1)].75E+01
[B(2)] .337948E+04[EB(2)].10E+02
---------------------------------------------------------------------------STANDARD DEVIATION [SD] AND MAXIMUM DEVIATION [MAXD]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[SD].87E+01[MAXD].17E+02
---------------------------------------------------------------------------CALCULATED [Y1] DATA FOR EXPERIMENTAL [X1] VALUES AND DEVIATIONS
[DY1]=[Y1](CALC)-[Y1](EXP)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------[X1] .352000E+00[Y1]-.182163E+04[DY1] .37E+00
[X1] .365500E+00[Y1]-.177601E+04[DY1]-.15E+02
[X1] .413100E+00[Y1]-.161514E+04[DY1] .26E+01
[X1] .462500E+00[Y1]-.144820E+04[DY1] .73E+01
[X1] .513600E+00[Y1]-.127550E+04[DY1] .17E+02
[X1] .566600E+00[Y1]-.109639E+04[DY1]-.87E+01
[X1] .621600E+00[Y1]-.910520E+03[DY1]-.91E+01
[X1] .678700E+00[Y1]-.717552E+03[DY1] .91E+01
[X1] .737900E+00[Y1]-.517486E+03[DY1] .12E+02
[X1] .799600E+00[Y1]-.308972E+03[DY1]-.10E+02
[X1] .863700E+00[Y1]-.923474E+02[DY1]-.91E+01
[X1] .930400E+00[Y1] .133064E+03[DY1]-.53E+01
[X1] .953300E+00[Y1] .210454E+03[DY1]-.45E+00
[X1] .976500E+00[Y1] .288858E+03[DY1] .58E+01
[X1] .985900E+00[Y1] .320626E+03[DY1] .32E+01
[X1] .987800E+00[Y1] .327047E+03[DY1] .47E-01
Fig. 54 c. ELDATA display of correlated experimental data (two-phase region)
Selecting Show / History from the main menu (Fig. 55), displays the standard deviations σ (Std. Dev.) and the
maximum deviations δ (Max. Dev.) obtained using a sequence of (up to ten) different types of correlating
functions with a number n (and m) of coefficients and a selected value (if any) of the skewing factor k (Fig. 56).
The initial position of the cursor marks the choice with the smallest standard deviation. Positioning the cursor
on any of the listed choices and pressing the Select button displays the corresponding graph with correlated data.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.7 - Fig. 55
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
49
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 55. Select Show / History in order to visualize the results of a sequence of data correlations
The initial position of the cursor marks the choice with the smallest standard deviation σ.
Fig. 56. Select the best correlating equation from a sequence of calculations
Positioning the cursor on any of the listed choices and pressing the Select button displays the corresponding graph
with correlated data.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
50
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 57 - Chap. 9.8
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9.8 Creating SpreadsheetML documents
The ELBT.EXE program allows importing the information of SELF and ELDATA files, as well as of the files
containing the results of correlations into SpreadsheetML documents.
After selecting the numerical data file LBnnnn, choose the menu entry File (Fig. 5) and select from the dialog
box (Fig. 57) the XML File display format, ELDATA or SELF.
Fig. 57 Select the XML display format of numerical data file (ELDATA or SELF)
Alternatively, after selecting the set of correlated data, choose the menu entry File command (Figs. 52 or 53) and
press the XML File button (Fig. 58):
Fig. 58 Save the XML format of correlated numerical data
The files can be saved in a user-defined directory. The default names are LBnnnn_S.XML for SELF,
LBnnnn_E.XML for ELDATA, and LBnnnn_C.XML for calculated data files.
The XML files can be viewed by means of Microsoft  Office Excel 2002 or later ((Fig. 59).
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 9.8 - Fig. 59
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
51
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 59 ELDATA file displayed in SpreadsheetML format
Landolt-Börnstein
Nw Series IV/10B
52
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 60 - Chap. 10
________________________________________________________________________________________
10 Extraction of bibliographic data
The numerical data files of this volume refer only to 448 binary systems of 79 substances (nonelectrolytes)
and 163 literature references.
The bibliographical database of the ELBT.EXE program on the CD of this volume is much more
comprehensive, giving 3444 references to experimental (calorimetric) heat of mixing and solution
measurements published in the period 1853 – 2005 for 10867 two- to six-component systems. These
altogether 2049 components are organic or inorganic electrolytes and nonelectrolytes, ionic liquids, alloys,
fused salts, polymers and other materials.
As shown in Chaps. 2.2 (Fig. 5), 3.4 (Figs. 9 and 12), 4.7 (Figs. 27 and 28), and 5.3 (Figs. 33 and 34), the
numerical data files which are available in this volume, IV/10B, can be displayed from the Data menu after
having selected a specific data file. By choosing the Extract menu, instead of the Data menu, the Program
extracts the bibliographic data from the database (Chap. 10.1).
Bibliographic data can be extracted from the database even in absence of numerical data by choosing
Extract from the main menu after any single or multiple search option: Find / Properties (Chap. 10.2), Find /
Systems (Chap. 10.3), or Find / References (Chap. 10.4),
Restricting the search to only one or two options, the Program extracts from the database a list with all the
corresponding bibliographic data. The bibliographic data file is structured depending on the sequence in
which the search options were selected.
10.1 Search option: data file name
In order to display the bibliographic extraction file of a directly selected data file (Fig. 5), choose first Extract
/ Property Type with Reference and System (Fig. 60) and then File / Bibliographic Extraction File / Display
(Fig. 61) from the menu bar.
Fig. 60 Extract the bibliographic data of a directly selected numerical data file
Fig. 61 Display the bibliographic extraction file
Three output styles for references are available. The dialog box Output Style for References (Fig. 62),
opened by means of the File / Bibliographic Extraction File / Output Style menu command (Fig. 61), allows
you to choose in advance the style you prefer.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 10.2 - Fig. 62
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
53
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 62 Selecting the output style for references
A typical bibliographic data extraction file is shown in Fig. 63
Output from: Landolt-Boernstein, Vol. IV/10B,
Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
HMSD1241: HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
Wormald, C. J.; Mayr, J. C. Benzene-dimethyl ketone association. Excess
molar enthalpy of (cyclohexane + dimethyl ketone)(g) and (benzene +
dimethyl ketone)(g) from temperatures of 353.2 to 403.2 K.
J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1998, 94, 207-212.
C3 H6 O
67-64-1 Propan-2-one# Acetone# Dimethyl ketone
C6 H12
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
Fig. 63 Bibliographic data extraction file including the full title of the reference
The bibliographic data of several, but different, directly selected data files can be extracted successively and
saved in the same bibliographic data extraction file. To clear this file choose the File / Bibliographic
Extraction File / Clear menu command (Fig. 61).
10.2 Search option: property type
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Property Type button and click OK , or click first Cancel and
select Property from the main menu (Fig. 3). Type the letter H in the Identifier edit control and press the
Select Group button (Fig. 6). In order to display all the property types, choose Find / Properties from the
main menu (Fig. 7). You may then select a property type from the Found Property list and choose Property
Type with Descriptor or, directly, List of Property Types with Descriptors from the Extract menu (Fig. 64).
Fig. 64 Extraction of the list of property types with their descriptors
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
54
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 65 - Chap. 10.3
______________________________________________________________________________________
In order to display all the chemical systems corresponding to a selected property type, click first the
Systems linked to Property icon
(Fig. 64). You may select a chemical system from the Found System
list (there must be at least one chemical system) and choose Property Type with System from the Extract
menu. Alternatively, if there are several chemical systems in the Found System list, you may choose
Property Type with Class of Systems from the Extract menu. Then you display the bibliographic extraction file
as shown in Fig. 61.
In order to display all the references corresponding to a selected property type, click first the
References linked to Property icon
(Fig. 64).You may select a reference from the Found Reference list
(there must be at least one reference) and choose Property Type with Reference from the Extract menu.
Alternatively, if there are several references in the Found Reference list, you may choose Property Type
with List of References from the Extract menu. Then you display the bibliographic extraction file as shown in Fig.
61.
After having selected a property type and a chemical system, click first the References linked to System
icon
. You may select a reference from the Found Reference list and choose Property Type with System
and Reference or, directly, Property Type with System and List of References from the Extract menu (Fig.
65). You are in the same configuration as shown in Fig. 9.
Finally, after having selected a property type and a reference, click first the Systems linked to Reference
icon
. You may select a chemical system from the Found System list and choose Property Type with
Reference and System or, directly, Property Type with Reference and Class of Systems from the Extract
menu.. You are in the same configuration as shown in Fig. 12.
Fig. 65 Extraction of the list of references for a given property type and chemical system
In this way you extract fully documented bibliographic data files.
10.3 Search option: chemical system
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Chemical System button and click OK , or click first Cancel
and choose System from the main menu (Fig. 3). Select Component # 1 as described in Chap.4.7 (Figs. 17
- 19). In order to display all the chemical systems containing Component # 1 (there must be at least one
chemical system) press Find / Systems from the main menu. You may then select a chemical system from
the Found System list and choose System or, directly, Class of Systems (Fig. 67) from the Extract menu..
Then you display the bibliographic extraction file as shown in Fig. 61.
If you select several components and press Find / Systems from the main menu the Program displays
either a No System found message or all the chemical systems in the database containing the preselected
components. You may then select a chemical system from the Found System list and choose System or,
directly, Class of Systems (Fig. 67) from the Extract menu. Then you display the bibliographic extraction
file as shown in Fig. 61.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Chap. 10.3 - Fig. 66
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
55
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Fig. 66 Bibliographic data extraction: all the binary chemical systems containing a given component (2-Methoxyethanol)
In order to display all the property types corresponding to a selected chemical system click first the
Properties linked to System icon
(Fig. 66).You may select a property type from the Found Property
list and choose System with Property Type or, directly, System with List of Property Types from the
Extract menu. Then you display the bibliographic extraction file as shown in Fig. 61.
The absence of an icon
indicates that no information is available on the property types for the
selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
In order to display all the references corresponding to a selected chemical system (there must be at
least one reference) click first the References linked to System icon
(Fig. 66).You may select a
reference from the Found Reference list and choose System with Reference or, directly, System with List
of References from the Extract menu.. Then you display the bibliographic extraction file as shown in Fig.
61.
After having selected a chemical system and a property type, click first the References linked to System
icon . You may select a reference from the Found Reference list and choose System with Property Type
and Reference or, directly, System with Property Type and List of References from the Extract menu. You
are in the same configuration as shown in Fig. 28. Then you display the bibliographic extraction file as
shown in Fig. 61.
Finally, after having selected a chemical system and a reference, click first the Properties linked to
Reference icon
. You may select a property type from the Found Property list and choose System with
Reference and Property Type or, directly, System with Reference and List of Property Types from the
Extract menu. You are in the same configuration as shown in Fig. 27.
The absence of an icon
indicates that no information is available on the property types for the
selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
56
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 67 - Chap. 10.4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
In this way you extract fully documented bibliographic data files. A typical example is shown in Fig. 67
Output from: Landolt-Boernstein, Vol. IV/10B,
Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
HMSD1221: HEAT OF MIXING AND SOLUTION
C O2
124-38-9 Carbon dioxide
H2 O
7732-18-5 Water# Oxidane# R 718# R-718
Reference #1
Bottini, S. B.; Saville, G. Excess enthalpies for (water +
nitrogen)(g)and (water + carbon dioxide)(g) at 520 to 620 K and up to
4.5 MPa. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 1985, 17, 83-97.
Reference #2
Smith, G. R.; Wormald, C. J. The excess molar enthalpies of {xH2O +
(1-x)CO}(g) and {xH2O + (1-x)CO2}(g). J. Chem. Thermodyn. 1984, 16, 543550.
Reference #3
Wormald, C. J.; Lancaster, N. M.; Sellars, A. J. The molar excess
enthalpies of {xH2O+(1-x)CO}(g) and {xH2O+(1-x)CO2}(g) at high
temperatures and pressures. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 1986, 18, 135-147.
Reference #4
Wormald, C. J. Selected experimental high temperature-high pressure
excess enthalpy data for 16 binary systems containing steam. ELDATA Int.
Electron. J. Phys.-Chem. Data 1995, 1, 95-112.
...
Fig. 67 Bibliographic data extraction file containing all the references for a given property type and chemical system
10.4 Search option: reference
Using the dialog box (Fig. 2) check out the Reference by Author(s) button and click OK , or click first
Cancel and choose Reference / Add Author from the main menu (Fig. 30). Select the author(s) as
described in Chap. 5.3 (Figs. 29 - 30). In order to extract the references of the selected author(s) choose
first Find / References from the main menu. The program displays either a No Reference found message
or all the references of the selected author(s). You may then select a single reference from the Found
Reference list and choose Reference, or, directly, List of References from the Extract menu (Fig. 68).
Then you display the bibliographic extraction file as shown in Fig. 61.
Fig. 68 Extraction of the list of references of a given author
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
Fig. 69 - Chap. 10.4
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
57
______________________________________________________________________________________
Following the instructions of Chaps. 6.5 and 7.1 you can extract a reference or the list of references
corresponding to a given data source or year range. You can restrict the search by selecting multiple
reference search options. For example, the procedure described in Chap. 8.4 enables you to extract in the
bibliographic data file all the references of a given author published in a given data source.
In order to extract the property types corresponding to a selected reference click first the Properties
linked to Reference icon
(Fig. 68).You may then select a single property type from the Found Property
list and extract it by choosing Reference with Property Type or extract all the properties by choosing
Reference with List of Property Types from the Extract menu.
In order to extract the chemical systems corresponding to a selected reference click first the Systems
linked to Reference icon
(Fig. 68).You may then select a single chemical system (there must be at least
one chemical system) from the Found System list and extract it by choosing Reference with System, or
extract all the chemical systems by choosing Reference with Class of Systems, from the Extract menu.
After having selected a property by clicking , you can extract the chemical systems corresponding
.
to the selected reference and property type by clicking first the Systems linked to Reference icon
You may then select a single chemical system (there must be at least one chemical system) from the Found
System list and extract it by choosing Reference with Property Type and System, or extract all the
chemical systems by choosing Reference with Property Type and Class of Systems, from the Extract menu.
You are in the same configuration as shown in Fig. 34.
Finally, after having selected a chemical system by clicking
(Fig. 68), you can extract the property
types corresponding to the selected reference and chemical system by clicking first the Properties linked
to Reference icon . You may then select a single property type from the Found Property list and extract
it by choosing Reference with System and Property Type, or extract all the property types by choosing
Reference with System and Property Types, from the Extract menu. You are in the same configuration as
shown in Fig. 33.
A typical bibliographic data extraction file is shown in Fig. 69.
The absence of an icon
indicates that no information is available on the property types for the
selected search options. This is the case for any system with more than two components.
Output from: Landolt-Boernstein, Vol. IV/10A,
Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
Avedis, G.; Meents, B.; Gmehling, J. Excess enthalpies of (aniline + an
alkane or an alkene) at the temperature 363.15 K. J. Chem. Thermodyn.
1995, 27,
939-944.
System #1
C6 H7 N
62-53-3 Aniline# Benzenamine# Phenylamine
C6 H12
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
System #2
C6 H7 N
62-53-3 Aniline# Benzenamine# Phenylamine
C6 H14
110-54-3 Hexane
System #3
C6 H7 N
62-53-3 Aniline# Benzenamine# Phenylamine
C8 H18
111-65-9 Octane
System #4
C6 H7 N
62-53-3 Aniline# Benzenamine# Phenylamine
C6 H10
110-83-8 Cyclohexene# Tetrahydrobenzene
System #5
C6 H7 N
62-53-3 Aniline# Benzenamine# Phenylamine
C6 H14
107-83-5 2-Methylpentane# Isohexane
...
Fig. 69 Bibliographic data extraction file containing all the chemical systems for a given reference and property type
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B
58
Instructions on Using the ELBT Program on the CD
Fig. 70 - Chap. 11
_________________________________________________________________________________________
11 Help system
The Help system allows you to view help topics using the Contents tab, browse the Index for relevant topics
or search for keywords. To access the Help system choose Contents from the Help menu (Fig. 70). You can
print the help windows by selecting the Print option from the file menu.
Fig. 70 Accessing the help system
12 Adobe® Acrobat® Reader
The Adobe®Acrobat® Reader version 4.0 or later is required to view the PDF files (Chap. 9.1)..
Adobe®Acrobat® Reader version 4.05 is available on the CD. In order to install it, follow the instructions in
the readme.txt file..
13 Microsoft® Office Excel
Microsoft® Office Excel version 2002 or later is required to view the SpreadsheetML documents (Chap. 9.8).
14 Print setup
The Print Setup menu command allows you to set or change the parameters of your printer. Select Print Setup
from the File menu (Fig. 71).
Fig. 71 Setting the parameters of the printer
14 Technical support
If you note that the ELBT Program fails to work properly, try to rebuild all the index files by selecting File /
Indexation from the main menu (Fig. 71).
For support on installation or use of the ELBT Program, please contact:
ELDATA
6, Rue Lacepede
75005 Paris, France
Tel/Fax: 33 1 44 27 68 44
Fax: 33 1 45 35 44 73
E-mail: kehiaian@paris7.jussieu.fr
Landolt-Börnstein
New Series IV/10B