Matakuliah
Tahun
: Sistem Informasi Manajemen
: 2008
POKOK BAHASAN
Pertemuan 24
Chapter 8
Enterprise Systems
Information Technology For Management 6th Edition
Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
Lecture Slides by L. Beaubien, Providence College
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Learning Objectives
•
Understand the essentials of enterprise systems and computerized supply
chain management. Understand the essentials of enterprise systems and
computerized supply chain management.
•
Describe the various types of supply chains.
•
Describe some major problems of implementing supply chains and some
innovative solutions.
•
Describe the need for integrated software and how ERP does it.
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Learning Objectives (Continued)
•
Understand business process management and how to enhance
effectiveness
•
Describe the product lifecycle management stages
•
Describe CRM and its support by IT
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What is ERP Anyway?
• A set of integrated software modules for supporting all of
an enterprise’s processes in real-time.
– Sales, Production, Logistics, Purchasing, Accounting, and
Human Resources share relevant information with each other as
needed.
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Functional areas of operation
•
•
•
•
Marketing and Sales
Production and Materials Management
Accounting and Finance
Human Resources
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Business Processes
• Managers now think in terms of business process
• Take the customer’s perspective
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Your first business enterprise…
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Think in terms of business processes…
• What are the processes involved in running a lemonade
stand?
– Assume one person
– Assume cash business
Inputs
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Process
Outputs
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Sample Lemonade Processes
Get OK
From
Mom
Get
supplies
together
Rake in
The cash
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Make
lemonade
Set up
Make
table
lemonade
Make
Get OK
Sign(s)
From
Mom
Choose
location
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Sample Lemonade Processes
Get OK
From
Mom
Is it
feasible?
Get
supplies
together
What
supplies do
I need?
Get OK
Make
lemonade
Sign(s)
From
Mom
How much
do we
make?
How much
to charge?
Rake in
Make
Make
Set
up
Choose
The cash
lemonade
lemonade
table
location
Is it worth
continuing?
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Make
Who are my
customers?
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Your enterprise partners…
Customers
Grocery
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Friends
Mom/Dad
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Order Management Process
Quote
Commit
Produce
Check
Credit
Deliver
Bill
Collect
Sales & Distribution
Production
Planning
Financial
Materials
Mgmt
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Accounting
14
Functional Silo View of an Organization
Information ??
Sales
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Accounting
Purchasing
Production
Logistic
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Essence of ERP Software
• Record day-to-day transactions of running a business
and provide near real-time access to information in a
consistent manner throughout the organization
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ERP System includes
• Single integrated software program.
• Single database.
• Information shared and
communicated.
• Automates customer orders, order
fulfillment, billing, shipping, etc.
• Tracking
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Subsystems of ERP
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Logistics
Bill Of Materials
Sales & Marketing
Master Scheduling
Materials Requirement Planning
Capacity Requirements Planning
Purchasing
Shop Floor Control
Accounts Payable/Receivable
HR
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Integration of Information Systems
IS messages
IS messages
Manufacturing
 Local
purchasing, invoice
verification
 Inventory management
 Internal sales, shipping
and billing
 Profit/loss
 Capacity utilization
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Head Quarters
 Information Systems:
 Project
Mgmt
 Inventory
 Purchasing
Sales
 Budget
 Cash Management

Marketing/Sales
 Sales,
shipping and
billing
 Purchasing of
trading goods
 Inventory
Management
 Customer service
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Example:
Buying a New Computer
• Information on products
available
• Place order quickly, maybe
obtain financing
• Quick delivery
• 24 hour Help
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To do this, company needs to
• Make sure functional areas are integrated
• Information on customer configuration must be up-todate
• Manufacturing needs configuration from sales
• If financing is required, that information from sales is
needed in accounting
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Marketing and Sales
• Determine pricing
• Take customer orders
• Create sales forecast
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Production and Materials Management
• Planning
• Need accurate forecasts from
Marketing and Sales
• Compare costs with
Accounting
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Accounting and Finance
• Record transactions
• Summarize data
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Human Resources
•
•
•
•
Recruit
Train
Evaluate
Compensate
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Example:
Sales and Distribution with ERP
Pre-Sales Activities
Sales Order Processing
Inventory Sourcin
Payment
Billing
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Delivery
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