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SIMLER-PC 5.0 offers the following striking features:
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1. On-line simulation and optimization of linear and non-linear control
loops
in the frequency and time domains.
2. Optimum setting of cascaded control loops.
3. On-line identification of the control-technical parameter of an
unknown
step response copied in ASCII-code.
4. Graph smoothing and scanning.
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Up to three graphs can be simultaneously displayed/saved/printed/plotted
(including the chosen parameter and results).
In a case where more than three simulation runs are involved, the third
simulation will be overwritten.
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H A R D W A R E:
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The SIMLER-PC 5.0 program is runnable on DOS, WINDOWS 3.1 / 3.11 as well
as
WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS NT.
DOS 6.22 is required for the use of WINDOWS. If DOS has not been
installed,
the directory C:\DOS will be fed with the necessary drivers.
There should be more than 560 kB available in work storage.
All current graph display adaptors will be backed up (VGA, EGA,
Hercules...
according to the graph drivers of TURBO-PASCAL or WINDOWS).
SIMLER-PC 5.0 is installable for computers with or without a coprocessor
and
is automatically recognized.
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M E N U R E F E R E N C E:
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There is a graph example for every part of the program on the original
disc.
This can be called up from FILE MANAGING. The coordination of graph files
to
their corresponding program part takes place with the help of file
expansions.
The following abbreviations apply:
*.PTB
*.PTN
*.PTZ
*.PJD
for
for
for
for
the
the
the
the
BODE-diagram
NYQUIST-diagram
TRANSIENT RESPONSE (TIME DOMAIN)
IDENTIFICATION files
The ordinate and time scales can be changed at any time with the pulldown
menu GRAPH PROCESSING. The few required comman abbreviations are always
given
at the bottom line of the screen. While printing, a hard copy of the
screen
display will be made by the LPT1 port. While plotting the graph it will
also
be asked if the graph should be issued to the hard drive as an HPGL file
or
given directly to the plotter through COM1. The HPGL files produced can
be
used independent of the SIMLER-PC program (i.e. loaded in COREL-VENTURA).
When
saving or re-saving a graph, the program goes into the corresponding
section
of FILE MANAGING, where all possible command abbreviations are constantly
faded in. The disc drive or directory search (makse?) for example can be
changed in this way. With [ESC] the running application can be cancelled
as
well.
*COMPUTER IS WORKING* and the installation log however can only be
interrupted
with [Crtl]+[Alt]+[Del].
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With [L] it is possible to return to the PERFORMANCE SELECTION. The pulldown
menu PARAMETER PROCESSING can be used for parameter input. Here all
values are
entered for controllers, plants, and disturbance functions, if necessary,
as
well as the set point. Incorrect characters entered and confirmed with
[RETURN] result in an error message. The parameter previously processed
must
be entered once again. A large, mathematically infinite value is achieved
by
entering 99999999 (ONLY FOR Tn and TD!). The DT1-plant (high pass) is not
applicable for TD=99999999. For Tn=99999999, the program works with the
PDor P-controller if the derivative time is Tv<<Tn or Tv=0. The decision of
Tn
is given an infinite value, that is, if the integral part of the
controller
is not applicable, is monitered by the following equation:
If
Tn/(1+Tv) > 1e6
then
Tn=oo
If, for example, Tv=0 and Tn>0 are set, not Tv_opt-value appears; the
computer
proceeds from an optimization for the PI-controller.
A P-controller is still present with Tv=0 and Tn=99999999.
The controller bourdary Xs is lifted (infinitely) if the value Xs>10 is
entered. Otherwise Xs is in between 0,1...10 and confines the regulating
variable y to the given value.
On that an example for control loops with amplifiers (OPs).
This supply voltage of OPs is usually
Us
= ñ15,0V.
The positive place limit then is at
The simulated step response at
Uz
Controller limit
Xs = ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
Usoll
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Uz
= +13,5V.
Usoll= +10,0V (100%) is:
= 1,35
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E R R O R M A N A G E M E N T:
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For entry errors
- that lead to dividing through zero (i.e. Tn=0),
- That fall short of the parameter limits (i.e. Kr=0 or damping factor
d=0),
- in saving or erasing documents (i.e. file not found),
- in loading a graph not compatible with the program part,
- in changing the ordinate or time scale,
- when changing the scale in the NYQUIST-DIAGRAM,
- for the default of the disturbance function parameter
the corresponding error window will appear. Here is an example of a
troublefree patch: 1á,0 instead of 10.9
If [RETURN] has not been pressed yet, the patch/correction works with the
CURSOR-block. In other cases the patch takes place through the entry of
the
new number with the help of the keyboard. DOS error messages 200-207 are
not
intercepted.
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R E S U L T S A N D P A R A M E T E R S:
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The results from the screen graph stands in constant relation to its respective, presented frequency or time domain.
The visually perceivable screen resolution is to be noted as well when
viewing
the graph presented.
If a locus, for example, begins with the scale in question outside of the
quadrants determined by Fo(w-o) (shown in result list), the stability
message
deriving from that may be incomplete. A precise scale change leads to the
correct results and increases its exactness.
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If the transient time is not legible, for example, it will not appear in
the
result list either; it is not on the "screen" then.
The first limited number for the controller and plant variants that
appears
can be extended considerably by the selection or reduction of the
parameter
desired. For example, a control with a PD2-controller and a 4xPT1-PT2-PTt
plant for Tv1=T11=0 and Tv2=T12 becomes a control with a PD-controller
and a
3xPT1-PT2-PTt-plant. The corresponding adjustment indicators are
automatically
faded in with the first simulation or can be requested with [F1] in
PARAMETER
PROCESSING.
If it is only the stability message that is of interest, it can be
obtained
from each of the 3 program parts. The comparison of the frequency
response and
the transient function may be of great benefit for students.
The reduction of order in PT2 plants and the approximate conversion into
other
plant types is frequently used.
1. For the series connection of PT1-plants with T11 >> T12,T13,...,T1n,
the
small time constants can be condensed to Tk:
Tk ÷ T12 + T13 + T14 +...+ T1n
2. A PTt plant with wdTt << 1 can be presented as a PT1 plant:
-pTt
1
F(p) = Ksùe
÷ KsùÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
1 + pTt
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3. With series-connected PT1-members with T11>>T12,T13,...,T1n or
wdT11>>1,
the conversion into a I-P-plant is possible:
1
1
F(p) = KsùÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÷ KsùÄÄÄÄ
1 + pT11
pT11
4. The PT2-plant (d=1) corresponds with the series connection from two
PT1plants:
1
1
1
F(p) = KsùÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÷ KsùÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ù ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
1 + 2dpT2 + pýT2ý
1 + pT2
1 + pT2
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O P T I M I Z A T I O N:
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Optimization and adjustment instructions are provided in all three
sections of
the program. After the first simulation, the respective optimal values
can be
taken from the graph for:
Controller-type and Controller-parameter
Set point function
Disturbance function installation
An automactic optimization has not been provided for didactic reasons.
The
Fra-controller, for example, is inserted chiefly for plants with an all
pass
response. If another controller is chosen in an all pass
(behaftet?infected)
plant, then the optimal values are certainly just one essential point.
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I N T E R F A C I N G:
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Through the parallel-interface LPT1 in:
- DOS, the printer is selected that has been adjusted to the SIM50.BAT
file.
- WINDOWS, the printer is selected that has been chosen the SIM50ST.BAT
file.
This printer must be in conformance with the WINDOWS-printer manager!
After
installation of the SIMLER-PC 5.0 program, the printer type is on
HPLaserjetII
first. Other printer-drives are shut down by a REM (see file *.HOW).
If you wish to select a different printer type, the REM must be removed
from
the corresponding line. Then an REM must be inserted in front of all the
other
graph lines. The plotter selection in the HPGL mode is activated through
serial interface. With the plotter HP7475A and compatible SIMLER-PC
produce
a multi-colored graph in DIN A4 format.
PIN loading of the plotter cable for 25- or 9-pole sockets:
25-pole plug
on plotter
25-pole socket
on PC-COM port
9-pole socket
on PC-COM port
Label/Term PIN
PIN label/term
Send dates
TxD 2
----3
RxD
Reception dates
RxD 3
----2
TxD
Send component ON
RTS 4
----8
CTS
Ready-to-send
CTS 5
----20 RTS
Ready
DSR 6
----20 DTR
Measurement
GND 7
----7
GND
Reception level
DCD 8
----4
DCD
Terminal ready
DTR 20
----5/6 DSR
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PC-port adjustment
COM_PORT
= 1
COM 1 for the HP7475A: BAUD
= 9600
PARITY
="E"
STOP_BITS
= 1
NUM_BITS
= 8
TIMEOUT
= 5000
STAT_HNDSHK = $20
PIN label/term
2 Rxd
3 TxD
8 CTS
7 RTS
4 DTR
5 GND
1 DCD
6 DSR
CON_HNDSHK
HP7475A DIP-switch:
marking
B1
B2
B3
B4
A4/A3
MET/DS
D/Y
S2
S1
= $01
position
0
1
0
1
A4
MET
D
0
1
Color-pen carussel:
The free lay-out of the polor-pins in the plotter`s pin carussel(?) makes
it
possible for the user to control the painting of the plot. The SIMLER-PC
uses
pin 1-5; pin 6 is not used.
Advisement:
Pin 1 - red
(x(t) 1. simulation)
Pin 2 - blue
(x(t) 2. simulation)
Pin 3 - green
(x(t) 3. simulation)
Pin 4 - black
Pin 5 - red
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Should problems aris when using the program package SIMLER-PC 5.0, they
are
often easily found in the partial compatibility of the computer hardware
or
in the configuration of AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS.
I hope that you have fun with the program and are successful with it. If
you
should have a question or constructive criticism to add, please contact:
Fachhochschule Gieáen-Friedberg
Fachbereich M F
Prof. Dipl.-Ing. P.F. Orlowski
Wiesenstr. 14
D - 35390 GIESSEN
Tel: Inland - 0641-3092217 / -3092200 / -3092221
Abroad - 0049-641-3092217 / -3092200 / -3092221
Fax: Inland - 0641-3092911
Internet: http://www.fh-giessen.de
The SIMLER-PC program package is copyrighted in its entirety. No part of
the
program package may be distributed in any way without written permission
from
the author (not including the Demo-program). This applies expecially to
duplication and processing within electronic systems and nets. The
author
does not assume responsibility in any way for possible damages resulting
during the usage of the SIMLER-PC program package. The use of household
names,
brand names, trademarks, etc. in this documentation does not warrant the
assumption that such names within the parameters of trademark and brand
name
protection can be used by anyone.
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