Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: J0324 / Sistem e-Bisnis
: 2005
: 02/02
Pertemuan 2
Understanding e-Commerce
and e-Business
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• menyebutkan fungsi dan perbedaan
antara e-Commerce dan e-Business
2
Outline Materi
• Electronic Commerce: Definitions and
Concepts
• The EC Framework, Classification and
Content
• E-commerce Business Plans, Cases and
Models
• Benefits and Limitations of EC
3
The Interdisciplinary
Nature of EC
• Major EC disciplines
– Computer science
– Marketing
– Consumer behavior
– Finance
– Economics
– Management information systems
4
The Future of EC
• 2004—total online shopping and B2B transactions
in the US between $3 to $7 trillion by 2008:
– number of Internet users worldwide should reach 750
million
– 50 percent of Internet users will shop
– EC growth will come from:
• B2C
• B2B
• e-government
• e-learning
• B2E
• c-commerce
5
E-commerce
Business Models
• Business models—a method of doing
business by which a company can
generate revenue to sustain itself
• Examples:
– Name your price
– Find the best price
– Dynamic brokering
– Affiliate marketing
6
E-commerce
Business Plans and Cases
• Business plan: a written document that
identifies the business goals and outlines the
plan of how to achieve them
• Business case: a written document that is used
by managers to garner funding for specific
applications or projects; its major emphasis is
the justification for a specific investment
7
Structure of Business Models
• Business model: A method of doing
business by which a company can
generate revenue to sustain itself
8
Structure of Business Models (cont.)
• Revenue model: description of how the
company or an EC project will earn
revenue
– Sales
– Transaction fees
– Subscription fees
– Advertising
– Affiliate fees
– Other revenue sources
9
Typical Business Models
in EC
1. Online direct marketing
2. Electronic tendering systems
tendering (reverse auction): model in which
a buyer requests would-be sellers to submit
bids, and the lowest bidder wins
3. Name your own price: a model in which a
buyer sets the price he or she is willing to
pay and invites sellers to supply the good or
service at that price
10
Typical Business
Models in EC (cont.)
4. Affiliate marketing: an arrangement whereby a
marketing partner (a business, an organization,
or even an individual) refers consumers to the
selling company’s Web site
5. Viral marketing: word-of-mouth marketing in
which customers promote a product or service
to friends or other people
11
Typical Business
Models in EC (cont.)
6. Group purchasing: quantity purchasing
that enables groups of purchasers to
obtain a discount price on the products
purchased
7. SMEs: small to medium enterprises
8. Online auctions
12
Typical Business
Models in EC (cont.)
8. Product and service customization
customization: creation of a product or
service according to the buyer’s
specifications
8. Electronic marketplaces and exchanges
9. Value-chain integrators
10. Value-chain service providers
13
Typical Business
Models in EC (cont.)
12. Information brokers
13. Bartering
14. Deep discounting
15. Membership
16. Supply chain improvers
Business models can be independent or they
can be combined amongst themselves or with
traditional business models
14
Benefits of EC
Benefits to organizations
• Global reach
• Cost reduction
• Supply chain
improvements
• Extended hours: 24/7/365
• Customization
• New business models
• Vendors’ specialization
• Rapid time-to-market
• Lower communication
costs
• Efficient procurement
• Improved customer
relations
• Up-to-date company
material
• No city business permits
and fees
• Other benefits
15
Benefits of EC
(cont.)
Benefits to consumers
• Ubiquity
• More products and
services
• Cheaper products
and services
• Instant delivery
• Information
availability
• Participation in
auctions
• Electronic
communities
• “Get it your way”
• No sales tax
16
Benefits of EC
(cont.)
• Benefits to society
– Telecommuting
– Higher standard of
living
– Hope for the poor
– Availability of public
services
17
Limitations of EC
18
Barriers of EC
• Security
• Trust and risk
• Lack of qualified
personnel
• Lack of business
models
• Culture
• User authentication
and lack of public key
infrastructure
• Organization
• Fraud
• Slow navigation on
the Internet
• Legal issues
19
Major Business Pressures and the
Role of EC
20
Major
Business Pressures
Societal and
environmental
pressures
(cont.)
 Changing nature of
workforce
 Government deregulation of
banking and other services
 Shrinking government
subsidies
 Increased importance of
ethical and legal issues
 Increased social
responsibility of
organizations
 Rapid political changes
21
Major
Business Pressures
Technological
pressures
(cont.)
 Rapid technological
obsolescence
 Increase innovations
and new technologies
 Information overload
 Rapid decline in
technology cost vs.
performance ratio
22
The Networked Organization
23
•
Source
: Turban, Efraim, David King,
Jae Lee and Dennis Viehland.
Electronic Commerce. A Managerial
Perspective (2004). Prentice Hall. PPT
for Chapter
:1
24