Presentation Topics
 Background
 Progress and status
 Candidate
investigations
 Specific investigations
 Milestones progress
 Future 1-year missions
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
2
Multilateral Human Research Panel for Exploration
What is MHRPE?
Created by ISS Expert Working Group, Sep. 2011
Chartered by Space Station Control Board, Oct. 2013
MULTILATERAL
HUMAN
RESEARCH
PANEL
EXPLORATION
22 July 2014
CSA, ESA, JAXA, NASA,
Roskosmos
Not ASI, CNES, DLR, NSAU
Humans (astronauts)
Not animals, plants, cells,
etc., except as relevant to
human risk
Not clinical
Research-oriented, for
(but collaborate with clinical
risk reduction
for risk reduction research)
Coordination
Not board, not working
group, not implementation
Risk reduction for human
missions beyond LEO;
application
Not basic research,
“discovery”
Grand Rounds
3
Multilateral Human Research Panel for Exploration
• Created by ISS
Expert Working
Group, Sep. 2011
• Chartered by
Space Station
Control Board,
Oct. 2013
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
4
Role of International Science Office of
NASA Human Research Program (HRP)
 Facilitate multilateral
collaborations.
 NASA co-chair of MHRPE.
 Oversee NASA
implementation of
bilateral research program
for One-Year Mission.
Grand Rounds
HRP
International
Science Office
ISLSWG
Bilateral
JWGs
 John B. Charles, Ph.D. – Chief
john.b.charles@nasa.gov
 Jon McFather – Coordination
jon.c.mcfather@nasa.gov
 Igor A. Savelev, Ph.D. – Russia Coordination
igor.a.savelev@nasa.gov
 Cynthia P. Haven, P.E. – Integration Coordination
cynthia.p.haven@nasa.gov
22 July 2014
NASA
CSA
JAXA
ESA
ASI
CNES
DLR
MHRPE
MMOP
HRMRB
ICMRWG
IARWG
Bilateral
JWG
Roscosmos
5
MHRPE Organization: POCs and working groups
Agency
NASA
Roscosmos
ESA
CSA
JAXA
Co-chair
Charles
Bogomolov
Overall lead
Charles
Bogomolov
Ngo-Anh
Buckley
Mukai
Biomedical research
Charles
Morukov
Medical Operations
Watkins (was
Senter)
Bogomolov
Damann
Kuyumjian
Miki
Coordinator
McFather
Savelev (Russia)
Morgun
TBD
TBD
TBD
Data sharing WG
Haven, Hasbrook
Bogomolov
Ngo-Anh
TBD
TBD
Medical hardware sharing WG
Fogarty
(to transition to
Haven)
Bogomolov (biomedical)
Pochuev (medical, GCTC)
Sundblad,
Damann
1YM Direct Return
Montalbano
Kharlamov
Research subject sharing WG:
Cosmonaut participation in
biomedical research
Haven
Kharlamov
Ngo-Anh
TBD
TBD
Operational WG:
implementation for 1YM and
long duration mission
Morshedi
Samarin
Ngo-Anh
Role
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
6
MULTILATERAL HUMAN RESEARCH PANEL FOR
EXPLORATION (MHRPE)
Began as ISS Experts Working Group (IEWG) Team 5, late 2011
Team 1 ISS Deorbit Considerations
Team 2 Major Anomaly Recovery
Team 3 ISS Demonstration of Generic Technologies and Capabilities
for Space Exploration
Team 4 Using Parts of ISS for Exploration
Team 5 Human Health Management for Long Duration Space Travel
Team 6 ISS-based operations simulations and techniques [including
One-year Mission]
Strategy White Paper, May 2012: “Enhancing ISS Human Research,
An International Strategy of Risk Reduction for Exploration”
Lifetime limited by “sunset” of IEWG, Oct. 2013
Chartered by SSCB, Nov. 2013
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
7
TEAM 5 / HUMAN HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE
SCOPE AND FUNCTION
Team 5 tasked by the IEWG to:

Identify the top human health risks for a Mars mission across the
partners, emphasizing those requiring ISS for study and closure
– Decision to carry risk status for interim exploration scenarios as well

Discuss ISS partner plans for mitigation of these risks

Discuss Partner coordination of process and findings

Identify barriers to effective coordination of research across the
Partners

Coordinate solutions and provide recommendations to ISS
Program Management
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
8
Human Health and Performance Risks Across All
Partners
Not mission
limiting
Not mission
limiting, but
increased risk
GO
Mission
limiting
Mission
NO GO
GO
ISS
6 mo
Lunar
6 mo
NEA
(1yr)
Mars
(3yr)
Musculoskeletal: Long-Term health risk of Early Onset Osteoporosis
Mission risk of reduced muscle strength and aerobic capacity
Sensorimotor: mission Risk of sensory changes/dysfunctions
Ocular Syndrome: Mission and long-term health risk of Microgravity-Induced Visual Impairment
and/or elevated Intracranial Pressure (VIIP)
Nutrition: Mission risk of behavioral and nutritional health due to inability to provide appropriate
quantity, quality and variety of food
Autonomous Medical Care: Mission and long-term health risk due to inability to provide adequate
medical care throughout the mission (Includes onboard training, diagnosis, treatment, and
presence/absence of onboard physician)
Behavioral Health and Performance: Mission and long-term behavioral health risk.
Radiation: Long-term risk of carcinogenesis and degenerative tissue disease due to radiation
exposure – Largely addressed with ground-based research Toxicity: Mission risk of exposure to a toxic environment without adequate monitoring, warning
systems or understanding of potential toxicity (dust, chemicals, infectious agents)
Autonomous emergency response: Medical risks due to life support system failure and other
emergencies (fire, depressurization, toxic atmosphere, etc.), crew rescue scenarios
Hypogravity: Long-term risk associated with adaptation during IVA and EVA on the Moon, asteroids,
Mars (vestibular and performance dysfunctions) and postflight rehabilitation
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
9
Example Musculoskeletal International Fly-off Plan
Associated Tasks
IRP Rev C Title
Bisphosphonates as a Countermeasure to Space Flight Induced Bone Loss:
SMO-021- NASA/JAXA
Dietary Intake Can Predict and Protect Against Changes in Bone Metabolism
During Space Flight and Recovery (Pro-K) - NASA
Integrated Resistance and Aerobic Training Study - NASA
Fly-off Plan Title
FY 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
"N"
Subj
129-32 133-36 137-40 141-44 145-48 149-52 153-56 157-60 161-64 Unmet
Req
Bisphosphonates Controls/E255SMO021/Matsumoto-Leblanc
17
0
2
1
2
1
Pro K/Smith
16
2
3
3
3
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
Sprint (Active Subjects)/Ploutz-Snyder
12
Occupational Risk Surveillance for Bone - NASA
Bone Risk Surveillance (p/p) (NxPCM)
6
Bone Countermeasure Study -NASA
Bone Countermeasure Study (NxPCM)
12
Exercise Plus Nutritional Supplement Studies - NASA
Exercise + Supplements (ECP)
12
Bone Loss Therapy - TBD - NASA
Bone Loss Therapy (NxPCM)
24
Ground-based Biomechanical Analyses of Resistance Exercise Using the
Advanced Resistive Exercise Device - ESA
Study of dynamics of bone mass in cosmonauts during SF - IBMP
Biomechanical Analysis of Treadmill Locomotion on the International Space
Station - NASA
Development of New Exercise Hardware for Exploration Missions - NASA
Treadmill Kinematics/DeWitt
6
3
2
1
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
2
2
0
0
6
12
24
0
Risk of Intervertebral Disc Damage After Prolonged Spaceflight - NASA
Sonographic Astronaut Vertebral Examination - NASA
Intervertebral Disk Damage/Hargens (p/p)
Sonogram-Vertebral/Dulchavsky (NxPCM)
12
12
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
3
Functional Task Test (FTT)/Bloomberg
13
1
2
1
2
MARES Neuromuscular (ECP)
12
Muscle Adaptation Time Course (ECP)
22 July 2014
0
0
12
Neurophysiological analysis of human motility according the adjusted models
of motion under microgravity conditions - SSC RF – IBMP
Effects of prolonged micro-gravity on the musculoskeletal system of young
adult rats - IBMP
0
0
12
Effect of microgravity on cartilage morphology and biology (Pre & post only) ESA
Mechanisms of action and efficiency of different countermeasures aimed at
the prevention of disorders in musculoskeletal system - IBMP
Assessment of architecture and functions of human skeletal muscles - IBMP
0
Osteodensitometer
Sprint Optimization w/New Exer HW (ECP)
Ground-based Biomechanical Analyses of Resistance Exercise Using the
Advanced Resistive Exercise Device - ESA
Effect of Spaceflight on Human Skeletal Muscle Force Per Cross-Sectional Area:
Architectural, Contactile and Neutral Determinants - ESA
Effect of the Hybrid Training Method on the disuse atrophy of the
musculoskeletal system of the astronauts staying in the ISS for a long term
- Initial verification in ISS - ESA
Early Detection of Osteoporosis in Space - ESA
1
ARED Kinematics
Exercise + Supplements (ECP)
Exercise Plus Nutritional Supplement Studies - NASA
1
0
Exercise Plus Nutritional Supplement Studies - NASA
Physiological Factors Contributing to Postflight Changes in Functional
Performance (Bloomberg) - NASA
In-flight monitoring of neuromuscular function using the Muscle Atrophy
Research and Exercise System (MARES) - NASA
Determination of the Time Course of Muscle Adaptations to Long Duration
Space Flight - NASA
Determination of Muscle Protein Turnover During Long Duration Space Flight
2
0
0
0
0
L
0
1
2
2
1
3
2
2
1
2
2
0
1
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
12
0
0
0
1
2
3
2
1
2
1
Muscle Protein Turnover (ECP)
12
0
0
0
1
2
3
2
1
2
Exercise + Supplements (ECP)
12
1
12
ARED Kinematics
0
0
SARCOLAB
6
Hybrid (TBD)
1
EDOS
14
Cartilage
10
1
1
4
2
1
Prophylaxis
Architecture
Myomotoscan
ISS-BMS
Grand Rounds
11
MHRPE 1-Year Mission (1YM): Progress and
Status
 2012 Sep. 14: Agency level bilateral
agreement
 2012 Nov. 3: Program-level implementation
agreement
 2012 Nov. 30: Candidate investigation lists
exchanged
 2013 Feb. 25, IBMP: MHRPE 1YM meeting
 NASA HRP, IBMP, GCTC, TsNIIMash
 Finalized candidate lists
 2013 Apr. 3, IBMP: MHRPE 1YM meeting
 NASA HRP, IBMP, GCTC, TsNIIMash,
Zvezda
 Field Test, Fluid Shifts discussions
 2013 May 15: Multilateral investigations
solicited
 2013 July15, IBMP: MHRPE 1YM meeting
 NASA HRP, IBMP, GCTC, TsNIIMash,
Zvezda, Roscosmos
o Training, protocol discussions for Field
Test, Fluid Shifts
o multilateral investigations
o develop schedule milestones for
hardware, data, subject sharing
22 July 2014
 2013 Aug. 22 & 2014 Jan. JSC: NASA
astronaut ICBs
 2013 Oct. 9, and 2014 Mar. 31, Apr. 1, JSC:
Roscosmos cosmonaut ICBs
 2013 Oct. 30, RAS (IBMP 50th): MHRPE
1YM meeting
 NASA HRP, IBMP
o Data sharing for PFT
 2014 Jan., IBMP (MMOP):
 NASA HRP, IBMP
 2014 Mar. 17, JSC: Fluid Shifts meeting
 2014 Apr. 16, IBMP (16th JWG)
 2014 June, Houston (post-ISMS):
investigator meetings
 Behavioral Health &Performance
 Space Human Factors & Habitability
 Metabolism &Immunology
 All new investigations are on track for
implementation on one-year mission, if
selected as final complement
 Available crew time and cold stowage
capacity are primary issues
Grand Rounds
12
Candidate Joint Biomedical Investigations on 1YM
• Scott Kelly performed these 6 (or something close) on his
previous 6-month mission
• Possible match for one or more of 7 Russian investigations
NASA HRP
Element
Category
US study
ActiWatch
Behavioral
Health and
Performance
Human
Health and
Countermeasures
22 July 2014
Behavior and
Performance
Cost of
Adaptation,
Evaluation of
Countermeasures
US
investigator
Suggested Type of
Collaboration
Possible Russian matches
Barger
Cross-participation
1
Pilot-T
Stuster
Joint investigation
2
Interactions-2,
Content
Biochemical
Profile
Surveillance
Pietrzyk
Data sharing
3
Morze,
Immuno-2
QCT for
Regional
Bone
Architecture
Sibonga
Data sharing
1
Korrektsia
Functional
Task Test
Bloomberg
Data sharing
1
Functional Task TestRussian(TBD)
Reaction
Self-Test
Dinges
Astronaut
Journals
Grand Rounds
13
Candidate Joint Biomedical Investigations on 1YM
• Scott Kelly did not perform them on his previous 6-month mission
• Possible match for one or more of 17 Russian studies
NASA HRP Element
Category
Risks Currently Not Resolved
Evaluation of
Countermeasures
Human Health and
Countermeasures
Cost of Adaptation,
Evaluation of
Countermeasures
US Study
US Investigator
Suggested Type of
Collaboration
Possible Russian Matches
Stenger, Hargens,
Dulchavsky
Joint investigation
Ocular Health
Otto
Cross-participation
1
(Med Ops mandatory)
Sprint (including Maximal
Oxygen Consumption)
Ploutz-Snyder, Moore
Data sharing
3
Profilaktika-2, Motokard,
Korrektsia
Integrated Immune
Crucian
Salivary
Simpson
Data sharing
2
Morze,
Immuno-2
Integrated Cardiovascular
(ICV)
Bungo, Levine, Platts
Data sharing
1
Kardiovektor, Kosmokard (TBD)
Cardiovascular Oxidative
Damage
Platts
Data sharing
1
Antioxidant System in OneYear Spaceflight (AOZ)
Fluid Shifts (formerly IFV)
3
Data sharing
Morze
Joint investigation
Behavioral Health and
Performance
22 July 2014
Behavior and Performance
(Hardware only: Chibis, Braslet)
(IBMP support at landing site)
Efficacy, Human Sensori-Motor
Function after Long Duration
Microgravity, Virtual, Vector
MB-1
Neuroscience Operational
and Functional Field Test
Reschke
Cognitive Performance
(NeuroCATS
Basner
Cross-participation
1
Pilot-T
Neuromapping (fMRI)
Seidler
Cross-participation
1
TBD
Grand Rounds
Data sharing
4
14
Possible Coordinated Multilateral Investigations
on ISS One-Year Mission (13 Nov. 2013)
Partner
JAXA
ESA
CSA
PI
Title
Mukai
NASA
Roscosmos
Biological Rhythms
– 48 hours
Sleep Monitoring
Pilot-T
Mukai
ICP – 1 year
Ocular Health
(Medical
mandatory)
Mukai
Myco
Microbiome
TBD
Blanc
Energy
Fluid Shifts
Chibis
Chouker
Immuno-2
(co-investigator)
Biochemical Profile
Surveillance
Immuno-2
Trudel
Marrow
Integrated Immune;
Salivary Markers
Morze,
Immuno-2
Boyd
T-Bone
QCT for Regional
Bone Architecture
Korrektsia
Johnson
Space Culture
Journal
Content,
Interactions-2
CardiOx
Anti-oxidant System
in One-year
Spaceflight (AOZ)
Hughson
22 July 2014
Possible match
CV Structure
Grand Rounds
…plus
EDOS
(ESA)
15
Candidate Multilateral Investigations for 1YM
“Candidate”
pending
• Crew consent
• Russian
program
• ISSP crew time
allocations
Cooperative efforts already in work
• Field Test
• Fluid Shifts
• Functional Task Test
Cooperative efforts
commencing in June
• Cognition
• Neuromapping
• Sleep Monitoring
• Reaction Self Test
• Journals
• Biochemical
Profile
• Integrated
Immune
• Fine Motor Control
• Habitability
• Training Retention
Work re: sharing
• Crew time
• Data
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
16
Fluid Shifts
M. Stenger (NASA), A. Hargens (UCSD), S. Dulchavsky
(HFH), V. Bogomolov (IBMP)
I. Characterize body fluid distribution pre/in/post spaceflight.
II. Correlate in-flight alterations of eye structure, ocular
vascular parameters, vision with headward fluid shifts,
vascular dimensions, flow patterns.
III. Determine systemic, ocular factors of individual
susceptibility to development of ICP elevation, vision
alterations.
Day 3
Day 4
Chibis
Tonopen
2 additional
laptops for
video
routing
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
OCT
and laptop
USND2
CCFP
DPOAE
Manometer
HRF laptop
17
Fluid Shifts: Russian Segment Connectivity
OCT
Firewire 400 & 800
GFE GFCI Cable
USND2
28V Brick
USOS Data in RS
28V
Connector
CCFP
28V HRF Common
Power Cable
RS Cabin Video for USND2
Remote Guidance,
Tonometer & OCT
USOS Resource
RS I/F
OCT Remote
Guidance
Using Screen Sharing
OCT
Laptop
GFE
GFCI
Cable
DPOAE
SSC (Existing in RS)
Digitized Video
To Ground (Cabin)
T61P Video Adapter
COTS Power
Adapter (to
120V A/C)
USOS Ethernet
(Downlink)
USOS Ethernet
(Downlink)
28V
Inverter
CCFP
Analyzer
Adapter Cable
PS-28
Outlet
Strip
28V
Connector
Ethernet
HRF
Laptop
USND2/VPC
SSC (Existing in RS)
Digitized Video
To Ground (USND2)
28V Brick
USOS Ethernet
(Downlink)
RS Inverter
(future)
VPC
Adapter Cable
28V
Connector 28V
Connector
28V Brick
(Tonometer, Manometer – No connections required)
Ground Resource
Legend:
22 July 2014
Existing
Digital Video
Decoder
Existing
Digital Video
Decoder
Power
Video
Grand Rounds
Device I/F
Data
18
Metabolism and Immunity
Possible collaboration between Russia and US investigations
 IBMP: Morze, Nevroimmunitet
 HRP: Integrated Immune, Salivary Markers, Biochemical Profile
Lists of experiment parameters exchanged
 Russian parameters delivered to US side in July 2013
 US parameters delivered to Russian side April 2014
Investigators agree in principle with collaboration, details to be
assessed
 Commence with 1YM, continue on other missions as appropriate
 Pre/post flight only, or inflight too?
 Sample exchange for cross-analysis, data exchange, or other?
 Data sharing agreements and plans
 Cold stowage requirements
 Ambient return requirements
 Publication plan
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
19
1YM Implementation Concerns
Increment 43-44 USOS crew time issues

Oversubscribed by 81%
• Does not include new NASA HRP requirements for Twins
investigation


Per TsNIIMash, also true for Russian segment
Also true for Increment 45-46 (2nd half of 1YM)
Cold stowage




Storage capacity on ISS
Sample accommodation on Dragon, Soyuz
Sample transfer and handover after Earth return
HRP allocation already strained
• On-going requirements
• Does not include new “Twins” requirements
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
20
1YM Increment 43-44 USOS Crew Time
Available Requested Excess
Total
1022
1827
825
Commercial
18
18
0
CSA
20
25
5
ESA
83
149
66
JAXA
107
147
40
NASA
793
1489
694
Notes
MSPR2 Rack
National Laboratory (CASIS)
318
First significant request
HRP
622
Does not include Twins
Non-HRP
334
ASI bilateral
Tech Demo
157
NASA
Research
Cold Stowage
Other IP Agreements
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
48
Operation, maintenance
9
EML, JEMAL
21
Year-long Mission: Pre-flight Milestones
2012
2013
2014
30 Nov.
L-28
February
L-25
March
L-24
June
L-21
August
L-19
November
L-16
December
L-15
NASA IRB approval of investigation modifications
Jan.
L-14
Crewmembers informed consent briefing #2
February
L-13
ISS Partners IRB mission complement approval
March
L-12
ISS Increment Research Team baseline of mission complement
early April
L-11
NASA IRB mission complement approval
April
L-11
May
L-10
Test Readiness Review approval (prior to training or data collection)
June
L-9
Begin crewmember training and baseline data collection
…
2015
30 Mar.
22 July 2014
NASA and IBMP exchange lists of candidate investigations
Joint US / Russian human research program science complement to be identified
Investigators tasked to develop modified and new proposals
International Partner solicitation, selection
New proposals scientific peer review start
NASA IRB approves modified investigation proposals
Modified investigations selected for flight
Crewmembers informed consent briefing #1
New proposals submitted for IRB review
ISS Partner IRBs approve Partner investigations
HRMRB mission complement approval
Present final proposed set of investigations to crewmembers
Resolution of crew time issues; data- and hardware-sharing sharing agreements
L-0
42S Soyuz launch, start of Expedition 43-44-45-46
Grand Rounds
22
Additional year-long ISS missions?
6-month ISS flights may not reduce risk sufficiently for
health, safety, and performance on future exploration
missions


Unexpected physiological events with temporal threshold
(VIIP)
Duration not dictated by biomedical requirements
- Driven by Soyuz availability
Longer ISS missions may help resolve uncertainties



What are critical unknowns for exploration missions?
What ISS duration(s) are needed?
Assuming availability of 1-year ISS missions, how many?
How best to leverage 6-month database?
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
23
Major Areas of Concern for Future Exploration
Missions
Medical events


Establish likelihood of events with temporal trend
Characterize response with known medical conditions
Physiological deconditioning

Establish efficacy of countermeasures
Behavior & Performance


Characterize trends
Validate countermeasures
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
24
Questions
What combination of ISS durations provide best data to
resolve uncertainties related to human health and
performance during exploration missions beyond LEO?
 What number(s) of crewmember-participants will be
required?
 What is optimal timing for missions?
How effective will this data be in certifying crewmembers
for exploration missions?
How to offset loss of crewmembers available for 6-month
mission investigations?


Currently projected shortfall of 135 crewmember data-sets
after 2024, 0 after 2028
Each 1-year crewmember = 2@ 6-month crewmembers
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
25
Assumptions
 ISS available through 2028:
 Continuously staffed by 6 (until 2018), then 7 (2018-2028) crewmembers (3 Russian,
3-4 USOS)
- Baseline mission duration = 6 months (“6MM”)
- Up to 5 missions of 1 year (“1YM”) for 2 crewmembers (1 Russian, 1USOS)
alternating with 6MM starting 2017
- 1 Soyuz taxi mission of 30-45 days during each 1-year ISS mission (“6WM”)
• A-line: 2 Russian, 1 USOS crewmembers
• Short-duration crewmembers offset N lost due to 1-year crewmembers
 Crew, Hardware, Data Sharing agreements will permit research access to all
crewmembers during year-long missions
 N = 10 for 1YM
 N = 10-20 for 6MM
 N = 10 for 6WM
 Common measurements at 3 mission durations to reveal trends for 2-3 year exploration
missions
 Fully-integrated joint US-Russian research program
 Standard measures, primarily pre/post flight, with in-flight as appropriate
- Medical events
- Countermeasure validation
- Behavior and performance trends
 6WM emphasize space human factors investigations not requiring longer durations
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
26
DRAFT Crew Rotation Plan (3 April 2014)
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
27
NASA Twins Study
10 proposals from 7 states selected 7
March 2014, to receive total $1.5M over
3 years
 Investigators Working Group
 April 2-3, USRA, Houston
 Attendees
- Representatives from 10 proposals
- NASA: HRP, geneLAB project,
astronauts, ethics, data archives
- NSBRI, CASIS.
 Solicitation: "Human Exploration
 Investigators developed principles for
Research Opportunities - Differential
publication plan, data sharing plan for
Effects on Homozygous Twin
integrated “Twins Study”
Astronauts Associated with Differences
 Investigators developed sample
in Exposure to Spaceflight Factors."
collection plan
- Reduced aggregate requirements for
 Released 30 July 2013
limiting in-flight resources to
 Received 40 proposals by due date 17
manageable levels
Sep 2013
- New approach to blood sample
 Peer reviewed January 2014, 3
collection
categories
- Sleep, Metabolism, Microbiome
- Omics, Epigenetics, Chromosomes
- Cardiovascular

22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
28
Twins Study selected proposals
Andrew Feinberg, Johns Hopkins University
 Emmanuel Mignot, Stanford University
School of Medicine, HERO Twin Astronaut School of Medicine, Comprehensive whole
genome analysis of differential epigenetic
Study Consortium (TASC): Immunome
effects of space travel on monozygotic
Changes in Space
twins
 Michael Snyder, Stanford University,
HERO Twin Astronaut Study Consortium Christopher Mason, Weill Medical College
of Cornell University, The Landscape of
(TASC) Project: Longitudinal integrated
DNA and RNA Methylation Before, During,
multi-omics analysis of the biomolecular
and After Human Space Travel
effects of space travel
Mathias Basner, University of Pennsylvania
 Brinda Rana, University of California,
Proteomic Assessment of Fluid Shifts and School of Medicine, HERO Twin Astronaut
Study Consortium (TASC) Project:
Association with Visual Impairment and
Cognition on Monozygotic Twin on Earth
Intracranial Pressure in Twin Astronauts
 Susan Bailey, Colorado State University, Stuart Lee, Wyle Laboratories, Metabolomic
And Genomic Markers Of Atherosclerosis
Differential effects on telomeres and
As Related To Oxidative Stress,
telomerase in twin astronauts associated
Inflammation, And Vascular Function In
with spaceflight
Twin Astronauts
 Fred Turek, Northwestern University,
HERO Twin Astronaut Study Consortium Scott Smith, NASA Johnson Space Center,
(TASC) Project: Metagenomic Sequencing Biochemical Profile: Homozygous Twin
control for a 12 month Space Flight
of the Bacteriome in GI Tract of Twin
Exposure
Astronauts
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
29
Recommendations for 1-Year Crewmembers
1YM1
1YM2
1YM3
22 July 2014
Up to 5 additional 1-year missions, no more than 12 crewmembersubjects
Enhance return through reduced variance by selecting similar
crewmembers
• Genetically similar is impossible
• Phenotypically similar may be possible
Grand Rounds
30
Recommendations for 1-Year Crewmembers
1YM1
1YM2
1YM3
22 July 2014
Grand Rounds
31