Name ________________
Animal Science 320
Spring 2013
Problem Set #9 Horses and Swine
Due 4/17/13
Part 1 Horses - REINS Computer Software
1. REINS - Formulation software available in the Animal Science Computer Lab
A) Using Appendix 1 (worksheet tabs at the bottom of the screen): You measure your Quarter Horse
mare and her girth is 76 inches and her body length is 61 inches. What is her estimated weight
(include units)?
B) Using Appendix 2, provide the digestible energy (DE) values when given the following ingredients
and information within the 6 Digestible Energy (DE) calculation modules:
Feed
Calculation
Module
Type
Alfalfa hay,
midbloom
Corn grain
From
TDN
High fat
or
digestible
feeds
With
grains
From ME1
With
forages
From
crude
fiber
Oats
Brome hay
Orchardgrass,
sun cured
Mixed
concentrate
ADF,
%
NDF,
%
Crude
Fiber,
%
Fat,
%
Protein,
%
Ash,
%
ME,
Mcal/Lb
TDN
DE,
Mcal/Lb
DE,
Mcal/Kg
55.2
3.8
8.5
4.1
9.5
1.3
14.2
1.55
10.6
11.8
3.45
1 Note
that DE from ME gives 2 values, one for forage and one for grains. Use the forage value (due
to the Brome Hay, and then convert to Mcal/Kg as that unit is not provided in the module.


Using Appendix 2: If you have a feed with 11.5% Crude Fiber, what is the estimated
ADF%
If you have a feed that contains 38.5% ADF, what is the estimated Crude Fiber?
Why is Crude Fiber so much lower than ADF?
1
C) Using Appendix 3, you estimate the mature weight of your quarter horse foal to be 1,125 Lb. What
do you estimate the daily lean body weight gain in pounds per day to be at the following milestones
and what are the corresponding estimated body weights in pounds:
4 months =
(up to 4 months value)
body weight =
6 months =
body weight =
12 months =
body weight =
18 months =
body weight =
2 years =
body weight =
D) Using the Feeds Tab, Transfer the following feeds by placing a 1, 2 or 3 next to each in the “Select
Feeds” list and then clicking “transfer” in the upper left: Troubleshooting: if nothing happens when
you click "transfer", you may get a security message indicating "some content has been
disabled". You will need to select "enable" in the options bar that pops up toward the top of the
screen.
 Oats, whole 32 (#41)
 Bermudagrass hay, mature (#83)
 Corn, cracked dry (#25)
In the formulate tab, enter the following parameters under Step 1:
Date Start = 4/1/13
Date End = 4/30/13
Animal Type = horse
Gender = mare
Age = mature
BCS = 5
Desired BCS change = maintain
a. What is the suggested DMI Feed intake?
labeled “Feed Intake (DM basis)”
Exercise = Light
Reproduction = none
Current body weight = 1,125 Lb
Growth = 0
Avg. Temp = 50 degrees F
Maintenance = 0
(Lb/head) Enter this value in the cell
b. In Step 2, Set the following Minimum values for nutrients to balance:
DE – Mcal/Lb = 1.04
CP% = 7.0
NDF% = 40
Ca% = 0.23
P% = 0.11
Set the following Maximums
Fat = 10.0
Starch = 20.0
2
c. In Step 3, you should see your 3 diet ingredients listed under “feedstuff”. If not, you will need to
go back to the “feeds” tab and number the feeds and click “transfer”. You do not need to do
anything else under Step 3.
d. In Step 4, set the “pounds as fed” next to each ingredient as 3, 2.5 and 17 for oats, corn, and
bermudagrass hay, respectively. Check to make sure that your DM Intake at the top (black box)
match between the estimated target and the actual intakes (As Fed numbers might vary slightly but
DMI should be the same and should match the DMI value from Step 1 that you indicated in
answer "a" above).
e. Fill in the nutrient concentrations provided by this formulation:
DE – Mcal /lb
Crude Protein, %
NDF, %
Starch, %
Fat, %
Calcium, %
Phosphorus, %
Part 1 Horses – Hand Calculations
A lightly worked horse (ridden 3-5 times weekly), weighing 1,100 pounds requires 20.0 Mcal/day of
DE, 699 g of CP, 30 g Ca, and 18 g P. The horse is consuming 1.75% of its body weight as orchardgrass
hay.
Feedstuffs to use in diet
Feedstuff
IFN #
Orchardgrass
hay
Oats
Corn
Soybean
meal
Dry
Matter, %
Crude
protein, %
DE,
Mcal/Kg
Ca, %
P, %
1-03-438
89.6
10.5
1.69
0.37
0.23
4-03-309
4-02-935
5-04-612
89.2
88.0
90.0
11.8
9.1
49.3
2.95
3.38
3.16
0.08
0.05
0.30
0.34
0.27
0.69
1. How much orchardgrass hay is the horse consuming per day?
Current
market
prices
$400/ton
$7.75/bu
$425/ton
Pounds
a. What dietary requirement(s) are met by the horse’s consumption of orchardgrass hay alone?
b. What dietary requirement(s) still need met?
3
c. Which ingredient (oats, corn, soybean meal) do you select to correct the needed requirement?
Why?
2. Balance the diet for the needed requirement, using the additional ingredient you selected.
How much would this additional ingredient cost you per month if you fed it daily as you calculated?
(use 30 days/month)
3. The extension specialist in your area indicates that using a 50:50 blend of oats to corn on a weight
basis is the safest option to balance the energy, palatability and fiber for horses. If you do this instead
of what you use in #2, how much of this mix would you have to feed to correct the requirement you
calculated from above?
How much would this combined grain cost you per month (use 30 days/month)
4
Part 2 Swine - Reverse Diet Formulation
Nutritionists spend a significant part of their time formulating diets: defining nutrient requirements
and then bringing in ingredients in the right proportions to meet those requirements at the lowest
practical cost.
However, sometimes they will “reverse formulate” diets, which means they will take an existing diet
and determine its nutrient content to find out if it meets the requirements for the pigs being fed. This
will be the objective of this laboratory exercise: to provide training to you in the process of reverse
diet formulation.
The attached pages provide you with a diet formulation, as well as the nutrient content of each
ingredient. Plus, you are provided with the nutrient requirements for the pigs being fed.
Your task is to determine the nutrients being supplied by the diet, and see if the requirements are
being met by this diet. We will discuss in the lab how you can go about this process.
Diet Formulaiton to Use:
Ingredient, %
Corn
56.84
Soybean meal
10.77
DDGS
15.00
Wheat middlings
15.00
Lysine HCl
0.40
L-tryptophan
0.02
Limestone
1.00
Monocalcium
phosphate
0.16
Salt
0.50
Vitamin premix
0.16
Trace mineral premix
0.15
Total
100.00
5
Nutrient Content of Diet for Part 2 - Swine
Corn
Soybean meal
DDGS
Wheat middlings
Lysine HCL
L-Tryptophan
Limestone
Monocalcium phosphate
Salt
Vitamin premix
Trace mineral premix
Requirements for 50-75
kg mixed sex pigs
(NRC, 2012)
6
ME
NE
(kcal/kg) (Mcal/kg)
3.40
2.67
3.29
2.09
3.43
2.38
2.98
2.11
4.36
3.38
6.19
4.80
Total
Lys (%)
0.25
2.96
0.77
0.65
78.80
Standardized ileal digestible AA
Lys
Thr
Met Met+Cys
Trp
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
0.19 0.22 0.15
0.30
0.05
2.63 1.58 0.59
1.18
0.60
0.47 0.70 0.45
0.82
0.15
0.51 0.39 0.21
0.48
0.15
78.80
98.50
0.85
0.52
0.24
0.48
0.15
Ca
(%)
0.02
0.33
0.12
0.11
Total P
(%)
0.26
0.71
0.73
0.93
STTD
P (%)
0.09
0.34
0.47
0.55
38.00
17.00
21.10
18.63
0.59
0.27
Na
(%)
0.02
0.08
0.22
0.05
Cl (%)
0.05
0.49
0.20
0.04
39.50
59.00
0.10
0.08