Name ________________
Animal Science 320
Fall 2012
Problem Set #9 Dogs/Cats & Horses
Due 11/14/12
Part One Horses – REINS
1.
REINS - Horses
A) Using Appendix 1 (worksheet tabs at the bottom of the screen): You measure your Quarter Horse mare and her girth is 78 inches and her body length is 64 inches. What is her estimated weight
(include units)?
B) Using Appendix 2, provide the digestible energy (DE) values when given the following ingredients and information within the 6 Digestible Energy (DE) calculation modules:
Feed
Alfalfa hay, midbloom
Calculation
Module
Type
From
TDN
Barley grain High fat or digestible
ADF,
% feeds
Brewer’s grains
With grains
Fresh brome From ME
22.9
NDF,
%
8.7 19.0
Crude
Fiber,
%
Fat,
%
Protein,
%
2.0 13.0
Ash,
%
2.7
ME,
Mcal/Lb
1.14
TDN DE,
Mcal/Lb
45.5
DE,
Mcal/Kg
Orchardgrass, sun cured
Mixed concentrate
With forages
From crude fiber
37.9
2.75
11.8
C) Using Appendix 3, you estimate the mature weight of your quarter horse foal to be 1,055 Lb. What do you estimate the daily lean body weight gain in pounds per day to be at the following milestones and what are the corresponding estimated body weights in pounds:
4 months =
(up to 4 months value) body weight =
6 months =
12 months = body weight = body weight =
18 months =
2 years = body weight = body weight =

Part 2 Horses – Hand Calculations
Balance 3 rations for your 1,300 Lb horse.
Feedstuffs to use in diet
Feedstuff IFN #
Timothy hay 1-04-881
Prairie hay 1-03-185
Alfalfa hay 1-00-068
Dry Matter,
%
89.3
89.6
90.9
Crude protein, %
12.3
5.9
15.5
DE,
Mcal/Kg
2.29
1.40
1.97
Ca, %
0.41
0.47
1.08
Grain mix * 90.0 8.5 3.50 0.10
* Assume your grain mix is oats, corn, rice bran, and a small concentration of molasses.
* Also note the units that DE is presented in.
Requirements for 600 Kg horses
P, %
0.36
0.07
0.22
0.70
Activity Level
None
Light
DE, Mcal
20
24
CP, g
756
839
Ca, g
24
36
P, g
16.8
21.6
Heavy 32 1,034 48 34.8
Diet 1.
During the period of year when your horse isn’t being exercised, you are feeding him 100% prairie grass hay at 2.5 Kg per 100 Kg of his body weight (as fed).
Calculate the amount of hay you are feeding to him in pounds.
Hay fed (Lb) Protein fed (Lb) ME fed (Kcal) Calcium fed (g) Phosphorus fed (g)
Requirement met
(yes/no)
How much of the grain mix do you need to add to the ration to correct the issue above?

Diet 2.
Your horse is consuming 30 Lb feed (as fed) and you are working him lightly. You are now feeding 25% of your ration as alfalfa and you’d like to continue feeding mostly hay. Using
Timothy as your other hay option.
How many pounds of alfalfa are you feeding daily?
Mcal per day from alfalfa:
How many pounds of Timothy are you feeding daily?
Mcal per day from Timothy:
Mcal needed (required): Mcal total from forage:
Forage Pounds fed ME fed (Kcal) Crude Protein fed (Lb)
Calcium fed
(g)
Phosphorus fed
(g)
Alfalfa
Timothy
Total
Requirement met
(yes/no)
30
Can you correct the above issue by using 25% alfalfa and 75% Timothy (determine by re-working the problem below)?
How many pounds of alfalfa are you feeding daily?
Mcal per day from alfalfa:
How many pounds of Timothy are you feeding daily?
Mcal per day from Timothy:
Mcal needed (required): Mcal total from forage:

Forage
Alfalfa
Timothy
Total
Requirement met
(yes/no)
Pounds fed ME fed (Kcal) Crude Protein fed (Lb)
30
Diet 3.
Your horse is consuming 30 Lb forage (as fed) and you are working him heavy. Timothy hay has gone up to over $400/ton; therefore, you are using your supply of alfalfa and Prairie hay. If you feed 50% of each hay, how much concentrate grain do you need to add?
Mcal needed (required):
Forage Pounds fed ME fed (Kcal)
Mcal total from forage:
Crude Protein fed (Lb)
Calcium fed
(g)
Alfalfa
Prairie hay
Phosphorus fed
(g)
Total
Requirement met
(yes/no)
Final Diet
Item
Alfalfa
Prairie Hay
Concentrate grain
30
Pounds fed ME (Kcal) CP, (Lb) Calcium (g) Phosphorus (g)
Total fed
Requirement needed
Requirement met (yes/no)
Calcium fed
(g)
Phosphorus fed
(g)

Convert intake to Kg per 100 Kg body weight:
Convert intake to % body weight:
Assuming your overall diet is 90% dry matter, what is your horse’s DMI and does it fall within the physiological range presented in lecture (see notes slide #11).
DMI (Kg per 100 Kg Body weight):
Within range (yes/no):
Part Three – Dogs
1.
Energy requirements

My 15 week old smooth coat border collie puppy (Ace) is 21 pounds today. His estimated adult body weight is 40 pounds.

My agility competition 5 year old border collie (Karma) is 28 pounds.
Using the NRC equations, calculate their ME requirements:
Adult: 130 x BW 0.75
Where:

130 is the multiplier factor (range is 95 – 200 depending on breed and activity). For this case, use 130.

BW is in Kg
Karma’s energy requirement of ME is: per day
Puppies After Weaning: (130 x BW 0.75 ) x 3.2 x (e (-0.87p) -0.1)
Where:

BW is in Kg

e = base of natural log = can use 2.718
 p = BW actual / BW adult (in Kg)
Ace’s energy requirement of ME is:
per day

2.
Product Selection
I hired you to tell me which food to feed Ace. a.
Adjust the requirement specific for Ace based on his energy requirement using the column for amount per 1,000 Kcal x Ace’s requirement for energy / 1,000 in Table 2.1. b.
Fill in the price per pound row in Table 2.2. c.
Fill in Table 2.3 a.
Determine if Ace’s nutrient requirements for protein, fat, calcium and phosphorus will be met with each diet, relative to the energy requirement you calculated previously and the energy density of the food, and fill in Table 2.3. b.
Determine how much I need to feed Ace of each diet in both grams and cups . c.
How much per day will each food cost me?
2.1 Nutrient Requirements of Growing Puppies, NRC 2006
Nutrient
Protein, g
Fat, g
Amt per 4000
Kcal ME
175
85
Amt per 1000 Kcal
ME
43.8
21.3
Calcium, g
Phosphorus, g
12
10
3
2.5
Adjusted requirement for Ace
Commercial Products top 5 ingredients from label
Diet 1. Chicken, brewers rice, poultry by-product meal, corn gluten meal, animal fat
Diet 2. Chicken Meal , Brown Rice , Rice , Chicken Fat , Flaxseed
Diet 3. Deboned Chicken, Whitefish, Chicken Meal, Oatmeal, Ground Peas
Diet 4. Deboned Chicken, Chicken Meal, Turkey Meal, Potatoes, Peas
Diet 5. Chicken, Brown Rice, Whole Grain Wheat, Cracked Pearled Barley, Soybean Meal
2.2 Nutrient composition of 5 different commercial dog and/or puppy foods
Item/Diet
Moisture, %
Protein, %
Fat, %
Ca, %
P, %
Kcal/Kg
Diet 1
12
28
18
1.1
0.8
3,926
Diet 2
10
27
17
1.4
0.9
3,788
Diet 3
11
26
13
1.4
0.9
3,520
Diet 4
10
36
18
1.5
1.0
3,792
Diet 5
10
25
16
0.9
0.9
3,682
Kcal/cup
Price per bag, $
Bag size, Lb
Price per Lb, $
384
14.49
6
466
13.49
5
366
58.39
30
417
62.99
26
377
51.99
30

2.3 Product comparison
Item Diet 1
Amt to feed, grams/day
Amt to feed,
Cups/day
Cost/day, $
Protein fed, g
Fat fed, g
Calcium fed, g
Phosphorus fed, g
All adjusted equirements met
Diet 2 Diet 3 Diet 4 Diet 5
Which food would you tell me to use and defend your answer?
Part Four – Determining ME of Petfoods
Petfood companies do not routinely conduct feeding trials where true ME can be determined.
Rather, extensive mathematical calculations have been developed to estimate ME for dog and cat foods utilizing digestible energy that is easier to obtain and the amount of protein in the food. These equations are published in the 2006 NRC.
ME for Dogfood (Kcal) = DE – (1.04 x g protein)
ME for Catfood (Kcal) = DE – (0.77 x g protein)
Your petfood company just sent off 2 new products and the following values came back from the lab after your feeding trials. You know that gross energy digestibility of your diet was 92%. Calculate
ME for labeling purposes.
Item
Dog food
Cat food
Gross Energy
(Kcal/g)
4.85
4.93
Digestible
Energy
(Kcal/g)
Crude
Protein, %
38
50
Metabolizable
Energy (Kcal/g)
Metabolizable
Energy
(Kcal/Kg)