Name _____________________________________________ Date _________________ Period _______ Climate C.H.A.N.G.E. Quiz #2 Greenhouse Effect & CO2 1.) Describe how a greenhouse works. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 2.) List the five greenhouse gases. _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ 3.) Which greenhouse gas is most abundant in Earth’s atmosphere? __________________ 4.) Define albedo: __________________________________________________________________ 5.) Explain why urban areas generally have a higher average temperature than rural areas. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 6.) Determine which greenhouse gas is being described based on the natural and anthropogenic sources listed. A. Gas #1: _________________________ Natural Sources: oceans, soils, oxidation of ammonia in the atmosphere Anthropogenic Sources: biomass burning, raising cattle B. Gas #2: _________________________ Natural Sources: animal and plant respiration, ocean-­‐atmosphere exchange Anthropogenic Sources: fossil fuel combustion C. Gas #3: _________________________ Natural Sources: wetlands, termites Anthropogenic Sources: raising cattle, biomass burning, rice agriculture 7.) Much of the data on the graph (provided by NOAA) below dates back to before thermometers were invented. What is the term used to describe preserved physical characteristics of the past which can be used as an indirect measure of climate? ___________________ NOAA 8.) Why is carbon dioxide concentration on Earth higher during winter months and lower during summer months? _____________________________________________________________________________________ 9.) List three alternative energy sources. _____________________________________________________________________________________ 10.) Use the space below to explain how the Greenhouse Effect works. Discuss the interactions between electromagnetic radiation from the sun, greenhouse gases, and Earth. A quality response will include a diagram to accompany your response. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ANSWER KEY 1.) Some of the sun’s rays can go through the glass of a greenhouse. Those rays that pass through are absorbed and re-­‐emitted in the form of infrared radiation, which cannot pass through the glass causing an increase in the temperature. Also wind and precipitation is blocked out. 2.) Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, ozone, and nitrous oxide. 3.) Water vapor 4.) Albedo: Reflective power of a surface. 5.) Urban areas have more pavement than rural areas and therefore they have a low albedo, which means a lot of the sunlight is absorbed as opposed to being reflected. 6.) Gas #1: Nitrous Oxide Gas #2: Carbon Dioxide Gas #3: Methane 7.) Proxy 8.) During the summer months, there is lots of vegetation that is able to do photosynthesis to take up a lot of CO2. In the winter time, most of that vegetation is dormant and therefore no photosynthesis is taking place, meaning there is excess CO2 in the atmosphere. 9.) Geothermal, wind, solar, biomass burning 10.) The sun emits electromagnetic radiation. Some of the radiation is blocked by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere while some (visible, radio, some infrared an some ultraviolet) passes through the atmosphere to the surface of Earth. The Earth is warmed by this electromagnetic radiation. Earth then gives off heat in the form of infrared radiation. This heat expands and rises. Greenhouse gases absorb this heat and reradiate it in all directions, some of it going back towards Earth causing an increase in surface temperature.