IPS-E-PR-850(1)
FOREWORD
The Iranian Petroleum Standards (IPS) reflect
the views of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum
and are intended for use in the oil and gas
production facilities, oil refineries, chemical and
petrochemical plants, gas handling and
processing installations and other such facilities.
IPS is based on internationally acceptable
standards and includes selections from the items
stipulated in the referenced standards. They are
also supplemented by additional requirements
and/or modifications based on the experience
acquired by the Iranian Petroleum Industry and
the local market availability. The options which
are not specified in the text of the standards are
itemized in data sheet/s, so that, the user can
select his appropriate preferences therein.
The IPS standards are therefore expected to be
sufficiently flexible so that the users can adapt
these standards to their requirements. However,
they may not cover every requirement of each
project. For such cases, an addendum to IPS
Standard shall be prepared by the user which
elaborates the particular requirements of the
user. This addendum together with the relevant
IPS shall form the job specification for the
specific project or work.
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر‬
‫( ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه دﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬IPS) ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
‫وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و‬،‫ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬،‫ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز‬
‫ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و ﻓﺮاورش ﮔﺎز و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت‬،‫ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺰﻳﺪهﻫﺎﻳﻲ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت‬.‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﺸﻮر و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ از ﺑﺎزار داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫ ﻣﻮاردي ﺑﻄﻮر ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ و ﻳﺎ اﺻﻼﺣﻲ در اﻳﻦ‬،‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫ ﻣﻮاردي از ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ در‬.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ آورده ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ در داده ﺑﺮگﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎره ﮔﺬاري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان آورده ﺷﺪه‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪيﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ را‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي‬.‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺧﺎص آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻓﻨﻲ آن ﭘﺮوژه‬،‫اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
.‫و ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎر ﺧﺎص را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داد‬
The IPS is reviewed and up-dated approximately
every five years. Each standards are subject to
amendment or withdrawal, if required, thus the
latest edition of IPS shall be applicable
The users of IPS are therefore requested to send
their views and comments, including any
addendum prepared for particular cases to the
following address. These comments and
recommendations will be reviewed by the
relevant technical committee and in case of
approval will be incorporated in the next revision
of the standard.
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻫﺮ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و روزآﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﺣﺬف و ﻳﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﺑﻪ آن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻫﻤﻮاره آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ و‬،‫از ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات اﺻﻼﺣﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮارد‬
‫ ﻧﻈﺮات و‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ زﻳﺮ ارﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺧﺎص ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ در ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و در‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ در ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ‬
.‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
Standards and Research department
No.19, Street14, North kheradmand
Karimkhan Avenue, Tehran, Iran .
Postal Code- 1585886851
Tel: 88810459-60 & 66153055
Fax: 88810462
Email: Standards@nioc.org
‫ ﻛﻮﭼﻪ‬،‫ ﺧﺮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺨﺎن زﻧﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮان‬،‫اﻳﺮان‬
19 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬،‫ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻢ‬
‫اداره ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬
1585886851 : ‫ﻛﺪﭘﺴﺘﻲ‬
66153055 ‫ و‬88810459 - 60 : ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
88810462 : ‫دور ﻧﮕﺎر‬
Standards@nioc.org
:‫ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
: ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
General Definitions:
Throughout this Standard
definitions shall apply.
the
following
Company :
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated
companies of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum
such as National Iranian Oil Company, National
Iranian
Gas
Company,
and
National
Petrochemical Company etc.
Purchaser :
Means the “Company" Where this standard is
part of direct purchaser order by the “Company”,
and the “Contractor” where this Standard is a part
of contract document.
Vendor And Supplier:
Refers to firm or person who will supply and/or
fabricate the equipment or material.
Contractor:
Refers to the persons, firm or company whose
tender has been accepted by the company.
Executor :
Executor is the party which carries out all or part
of construction and/or commissioning for the
project.
Inspector :
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by
the company for the inspection of fabrication and
installation work
Shall:
Is used where a provision is mandatory.
Should:
Is used where a provision is advisory only.
Will:
Is normally used in connection with the action
by the “Company” rather than by a contractor,
supplier or vendor.
May:
Is used where a provision is completely
discretionary.
.‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‬
: ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و واﺑﺴﺘﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ‬
‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز اﻳﺮان‬، ‫ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
.‫ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه اﻃﻼق ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪار‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ "ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﺳﻔﺎرش‬
‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ آن "ﺷﺮﻛﺖ" ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎ "ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ‬
. ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﻗﺮارداد آن اﺳﺖ‬
:‫ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه و ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎي‬
. ‫ﻣﻮرد ﻟﺰوم ﺻﻨﻌﺖ را ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
:‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر‬
‫ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ وﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدش‬، ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ وﻳﺎ ﻣﺰاﻳﺪه ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
: ‫ﻣﺠﺮي‬
‫ﻣﺠﺮي ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از‬
.‫ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ و ﻳﺎ راه اﻧﺪازي ﭘﺮوژه را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎزرس‬
‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎزرس ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
.‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺟﺒﺎري اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
.‫ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
: ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬
. ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺧﺘﻴﺎري ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
ENGINEERING STANDARD
FOR
PROCESS REQUIREMENTS OF VESSELS
AND SEPARATORS
FIRST REVISION
DECEMBER 2009
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي‬
‫اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻇﺮوف و ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬
‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ اول‬
1388 ‫آذر‬
This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to any third party,
reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in
any form or by any means without the prior written consent of
the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
0
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق آن ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬.‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ آن ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
‫ ذﺧﻴﺮه‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬، ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻳﺎ روش دﻳﮕﺮي در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻓﺮاد ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬،‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬،‫ﺳﺎزي‬
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
CONTENTS:
Page
No
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
:‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
0. INTRODUCTION .................................................... 4
4 .............................................................................‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-0
1. SCOPE .......................................................................... 5
5 ...................................................................‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
2. REFERENCES .......................................................... 5
5 ............................................................................ ‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ........... 7
7 ........................................................... ‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-3
3.1 Coalescers ............................................................. 7
7 ...................................................... ‫ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬1-3
3.2 Control Volume................................................... 7
7 ........................................................ ‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ‬2-3
3.3 Conventional Gas-Liquid Separator ............ 7
7 ..............................‫ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺘﺪاول ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬3-3
3.4 Critical Diameter ................................................ 7
7 ............................................................ ‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ‬4-3
3.5 Disengaging Height ............................................ 7
7 ...................................................... ‫ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ‬5-3
3.6 Fabric Filter ......................................................... 7
7 ..................................................... ‫ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ اي‬6-3
3.7 Filter Medium...................................................... 8
8 ............................................................‫ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬7-3
3.8 Filtrate ................................................................... 8
8 ..................................................... ‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺻﺎف ﺷﺪه‬8-3
3.9 Flash Tank ............................................................ 8
8 ................................................... ‫ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ‬9-3
3.10 Hold-Up Time.................................................... 8
8 .............................................................. ‫ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬10-3
3.11 Knock-Out .......................................................... 8
8 ............................................................... ‫ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬11-3
3.12 Line Drip ............................................................. 8
8 ......................................................... ‫ آﺑﭽﻜﺎن ﺧﻂ‬12-3
3.13 Mesh ..................................................................... 8
8 ........................................................... ‫ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺗﻮري‬13-3
3.14 Mist Extractor (Demister) ............................. 8
8 .......................................... ‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﻄﺮه‬14-3
3.15 Open Area .......................................................... 8
9 ................................................................ ‫ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎز‬15-3
3.16 Overflow.............................................................. 9
9 ...................................................................‫ ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ‬16-3
3.17 Septum ................................................................. 9
9 ........................................................ ‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬17-3
1
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
3.18 Scrubber.............................................................. 9
9 ............................................................. ‫ ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز‬18-3
3.19 Slug Catcher ...................................................... 9
9 .............................................................. ‫ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ‬19-3
3.20 Target Efficiency .............................................. 9
9 ....................................................... ‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻫﺪف‬20-3
3.21 Terminal Velocity or Drop-Out Velocity . 9
9 ............................... ‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﻘﻮط‬21-3
3.22 Underflow ........................................................... 9
9 ................................................................... ‫ ﭘﺎ رﻳﺰ‬22-3
3.23 Vapor Space ....................................................... 9
9 ............................................................ ‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر‬23-3
4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................ 10
10 ....................................................‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات‬-4
5. UNITS ........................................................................... 12
12 .......................................................................... ‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-5
6. SEPARATORS .......................................................... 12
12 .................................................................. ‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬-6
6.1 Gas-Liquid Separators ..................................... 12
12 ...................................... ‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬1-6
6.2 Solid-Liquid Separators ................................... 25
25 ................................... ‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﺪ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬2-6
6.3 Liquid-Liquid Separators ................................ 27
27 ................................... ‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬3-6
7. VESSELS AND REACTORS ............................... 30
30 ......................................................... ‫ ﻇﺮوف و رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ‬-7
7.1 General .................................................................. 30
30 .................................................................... ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-7
7.2 Code, Regulations and Standards ................. 31
31 ........................ ‫ ﻣﻘﺮرات و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬، ‫ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬2-7
7.3 Design ..................................................................... 31
31 .................................................................... ‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬3-7
7.4 Corrosion .............................................................. 36
36 .................................................................‫ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬4-7
7.5 Design Load.......................................................... 36
36 .............................................................. ‫ ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬5-7
7.6 Materials ............................................................... 36
36 ........................................................................ ‫ ﻣﻮاد‬6-7
7.7 Documentation .................................................... 37
37 .........................................................‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺳﺎزي‬7-7
7.8 Internals ................................................................ 37
37 .......................................................... ‫ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ‬8-7
7.9 Miscellaneous Requirements .......................... 40
40 .......................................................‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‬9-7
2
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDICES:
:‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ‬
APPENDIX A................................................................................ 46
46 .......................................................................... ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ‬
APPENDIX B NATURE OF THE FEED.............. 47
47 ................................................ ‫ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﻮراك‬-‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب‬
APPENDIX C SIZING OF THE FEED AND
OUTLET NOZZLES ........................ 49
49 ......... ‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﻮراك و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬-‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ج‬
APPENDIX D DESIGN MARGINS FOR
SEPARATOR ..................................... 51
51 ................ ‫ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬-‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ د‬
APPENDIX E .................................................................. 52
52 ............................................................................. ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫ‬
APPENDIX F TYPICAL EQUATIONS, WHICH
CAN BE USED FOR TERMINAL
VELOCITY CALCULATION .... 56
‫ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ‬-‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ و‬
56 ................................... ‫ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
APPENDIX G ACCEPTABLE GRADES AND
SPECIFICATION FOR A NUMBER
OF STANDARD INTERNAL
MATERIALS .................................... 66
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت و درﺟﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي‬-‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ز‬
66 .............. ‫ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﻣﻮاد اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ‬
3
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
0. INTRODUCTION
‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-0
"Process Design of Towers, Vessels, Reactors,
and Agitated Vessels", are broad and contain
various subjects of paramount importance.
Therefore, a process Engineering Standard
Specification is prepared to cover this subject,
and includes the following Standards:
Standard Code
"‫ راﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ و ﻇﺮوف ﻫﻤﺰن دار‬،‫ ﻇﺮوف‬،‫"ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬
:‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
Standard Title
‫ﻛﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
IPS-E-PR-850
"Engineering Standard for
Process Requirements of
Vessels and Separators"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬IPS-E-PR-850
"‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻇﺮوف و ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬
IPS-E-PR-880
"Engineering Standard for
Process Design of Gas
(Vapor)-Liquid
Separators"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬IPS-E-PR-880
– (‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر‬
"‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
IPS-E-PR-895
"Engineering Standard for
Process Design of SolidLiquid Separators"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬IPS-E-PR-895
"‫ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬- ‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
This Engineering Standard Specification covers:
:‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬
"‫"اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف و ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬
"PROCESS REQUIREMENTS OF VESSELS
AND SEPARATORS"
‫را ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
4
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
1. SCOPE
This Engineering Standard Specification covers
minimum process requirement of separators,
vessels and reactors used in OGP production
plants. An amendment is made to IPS-E-PR-880,
“Engineering Standard for Process Design of
Gas (Vapor)-Liquid Separators", and IPS-E-PR895, “Engineering Standard for Process Design
of Solid-Liquid Separators".
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬،‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬
‫ ﻇﺮوف و راﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي‬،‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬
‫ اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ‬.‫ ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ را ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‬،‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬IPS-E-PR-880 ‫ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي‬
IPS-E-PR-895 ‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر( – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و‬
-‫"اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪ " ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:1 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 1:
‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬1384 ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد در دي ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
‫ ﻃﻲ‬1 ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻮارد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬.‫ اﺑﻼغ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‬272 ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
.‫ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
This standard specification is reviewed and
updated by the relevant technical committee on
Dec 2005, as amendment No. 1 by circular No.
272.
:2 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 2:
‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد دو زﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺑﻪ‬1388 ‫در آذر ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
‫( اﻳﻦ‬0) ‫ از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬.‫( اراﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬1) ‫ﻋﻨﻮان وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﺴﻮخ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
This bilingual standard is a revised version of the
standard specification by the relevant technical
committee on Dec 2009 which is issued as
revision (1). Revision (0) of the said standard
specification is withdrawn.
:3 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 3:
‫ ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬،‫در ﺻﻮرت اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ و اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻼك ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
In case of conflict between Farsi and English
languages, English language shall govern.
‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
2. REFERENCES
‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار و‬
‫ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﻪ در‬،‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬.‫ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ در زﻳﺮ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ‬،‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ‬
‫ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬،‫ در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار‬.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺪه ﻣﻼك ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ در آﻧﻬﺎ داده‬
‫ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺟﺮا‬،‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻀﻤﺎم‬،‫ در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬.‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي آن ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
Throughout this Standard the following dated
and undated standards/codes are referred to.
These referenced documents shall, to the extent
specified herein, form a part of this standard. For
dated references, the edition cited applies. The
applicability of changes in dated references that
occur after the cited date shall be mutually
agreed upon by the Company and the Vendor.
For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced
documents
(including
any
supplements and amendments) applies.
(‫ )ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬API
API (AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE)
API Standard 620, "Design and Construction
of Large, Welded, LowPressure Storage Tanks"
11th Ed., 2009
‫"ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺨﺎزن ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻓﺸﺎر‬API Standard 620
‫ ﺟﻮﺷﻲ و ﺑﺰرگ" وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎزدﻫﻢ‬،‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬
2009 -
API Spec. 12J
"‫ "ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز‬API Spec. 12J
1989 ‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ اﻛﺘﺒﺮ‬
"Specification for Oil and
Gas Separators" , 7th.Ed,.
Oct. 1989
5
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
(‫ )اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬IPS
IPS(IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS)
IPS-E-GN-100
"Engineering Standard for
Units"
"‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬IPS-E-GN-100
IPS-E-PR-200
"Engineering Standard for
Basic Engineering Design
Data"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬IPS-E-PR-200
" ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬
IPS-E-PR-360
"Engineering Standard for
Process Design of Liquid
and Gas Transfer and
Storage"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬IPS-E-PR-360
"‫ذﺧﻴﺮه و اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﮔﺎز‬
IPS-E-PR-700
"Engineering Standard for
Process Design of Crude
Oil
Electrostatic
Desalters"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬IPS-E-PR-700
"‫ﻧﻤﻚ زداﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮواﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم‬
IPS-E-PR-880
"Engineering Standard for
Process Design of Gas
(Vapor)-Liquid
Separators"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬IPS-E-PR-880
"‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬- (‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر‬
IPS-E-PR-895
"Engineering Standard for
Process Design of SolidLiquid Separators"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬IPS-E-PR-895
"‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬- ‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬
IPS-G-ME-150
"Engineering and Material
Standard for Towers,
Reactors, Pressure Vessels
& Internals"
،‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ و ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬IPS-G-ME-150
‫ ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر و اﺟﺰاء‬،‫رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ‬
"‫داﺧﻠﻲ‬
ASME (AMERICAN
SOCIETY
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS)
(‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬ASME
OF
ASME Section VIII, Div. 1
ASME Section VIII, Div. 1
"Boiler and
Vessel, Code"
NACE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
CORROSION ENGINEERS)
MR0103
‫"آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ دﻳﮓ ﺑﺨﺎر و ﻇﺮف ﺗﺤﺖ‬
"‫ﻓﺸﺎر‬
Pressure
(‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻠﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬NACE
OF
‫"ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻘﺎوم در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﺗﻨﺸﻲ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ‬
" ‫در ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎي ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
"Materials Resistant to
Sulfide Stress Cracking in
Corrosive
Petroleum
Refining Environments"
MR0103
MR0175/ISO 15156-3 CIR 2
MR0175/ISO 15156-3 CIR 2
"Petroleum and Natural
Gas
Industries
—
Materials for use in H2SContaining Environments
in Oil and Gas Production
— Part 3: Cracking-
‫"ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ – ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻮرد‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎي ﺣﺎوي ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ‬
:3 ‫ﻫﻴﺪروژن در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز – ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎوم در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬
6
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Resistant
CRAs
(Corrosion-Resistant
Alloys) and other Alloys"
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
"(‫( و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎ‬CRAs) ‫ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬
*
Fractional Research Incorporated*
‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ‬
* Text Book
‫* ﻛﺘﺎب‬
‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-3
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY
The following is a glossary of terms used in this
Standard Specification. In addition reference is
made to Sections 3 of IPS-E-PR-880 and IPS-EPR-895.
‫ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ واژه ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
IPS-E-PR- ‫ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ ﺑــﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻮم‬.‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-E-PR-895 ‫ و‬880
‫ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬1-3
3.1 Coalescers
A mechanical process vessel with wettable,
high-surface area packing on which liquid
droplets consolidate for gravity separation from
a second phase (for example gas or immiscible
liquid).
‫ﻇﺮف ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ آﻛﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ زﻳﺎد و ﺗﺮ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻗﻄﺮات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ از ﻓﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل ﮔﺎز‬
.‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻧﺸﺪﻧﻲ( ﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ‬2-3
3.2 Control Volume
Is a certain liquid volume necessary for control
purposes and for maintaining the velocity limit
requirement for degassing and to counter foam
in separators.
‫ﻳﻚ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﺣﻔﻆ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺎز زداﻳﻲ و ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻒ در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﻻزم اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺘﺪاول ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬3-3
3.3 Conventional Gas-Liquid Separator
In this Standard, the term "Conventional GasLiquid Separator" is referred to vertical or
horizontal separators in which gas and liquid are
separated by means of gravity settling with or
without a mist eliminating device.
‫ واژه "ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺘﺪاول ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ" ﺑﻪ‬،‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻳﺎ اﻓﻘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ اﻃﻼق‬،‫ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ‬4-3
3.4 Critical Diameter
"Critical diameter" or "cut point", is the diameter
of particles, those particles larger than which
will be eliminated in a sedimentation centrifuge.
‫"ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ" ﻳﺎ "ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺑﺮش" ﻗﻄﺮي از ذرات اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ذرات در‬
‫ ﺣﺬف‬،‫ در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬،‫اﻧﺪازه ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از آن‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ‬5-3
3.5 Disengaging Height
The height provided between bottom of the
wire-mesh pad and liquid level of a vapor-liquid
separator.
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ و ﺳﻄﺢ‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺨﺎر – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪاي‬6-3
3.6 Fabric Filter
Commonly termed "bag filters" or "baghouses",
are collectors in which dust is removed from the
gas stream by passing the dust-laden gas through
a fabric of some type.
‫"ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻴﺴﻪاي"ﻳﺎ "ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻴﺴﻪ اي" ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ در آن ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﻮر ﮔﺎز داراي ﻏﺒﺎر از اﻧﻮاع‬
.‫ ﻏﺒﺎر از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﺣﺬف ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ‬
7
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
‫ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬7-3
3.7 Filter Medium
The "filter medium" or "septum" is the barrier
that lets the flow pass while retaining most of
the solids; it may be a screen, cloth, paper, or
bed of solids.
‫"ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ" ﻳﺎ "ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ" ﻣﺎﻧﻌﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري اﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ‬،‫ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ‬،‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪات اﺟﺎزه ﻋﺒﻮر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن را ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ و ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻏﺮﺑﺎل‬
.‫ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي از ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺻﺎف ﺷﺪه‬8-3
3.8 Filtrate
The liquid that passes through the filter medium
is called the filtrate.
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﻋﺒﻮر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺻﺎف ﺷﺪه ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه‬
.‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
‫ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ‬9-3
3.9 Flash Tank
A vessel used to separate the gas evolved from
liquid flashed from a higher pressure to a lower
pressure.
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آﻣﺪه از ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از‬
.‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
‫ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬10-3
3.10 Hold-Up Time
A time period during which the amount of liquid
separated in a gas-liquid separator is actually in
the vessel for the purpose of control or vapor
separation.
‫دوره زﻣﺎﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻲ آن ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪه در ﻳﻚ ﺟﺪا‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﻮر ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺑﺨﺎر در ﻇﺮف‬
.‫ﻣﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬11-3
3.11 Knock-Out
A separator used for a bulk separation of gas and
liquid, particularly when the liquid volume
fraction is high.
‫ ﺑﻪ وﻳﮋه زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ‬،‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺗﻮدهاي ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺟﺰء ﺣﺠﻤﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻻ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ آﺑﭽﻜﺎن ﺧﻂ‬12-3
3.12 Line Drip
A device typically used in pipelines with very
high gas-to-liquid ratios to remove only free
liquid from a gas stream, and not necessarily all
the liquid.
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل در ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ داراي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻي‬
‫ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ آزاد از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز و ﻧﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎً ﻫﻤﻪ‬
.‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬،‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺗﻮري‬13-3
3.13 Mesh
The "mesh count" (usually called "mesh"), is
effectively the number of openings of a woven
wire filter per 25 mm, measured from the center
of one wire to another 25 mm from it, i.e.:
(Eq. 1)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻮﺛﺮ‬،(‫"ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺗﻮري" )اﻏﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺗﻮري ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬25 ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه در‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي آن ﻗﺮار‬25 ‫ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺳﻴﻢ دﻳﮕﺮي ﻛﻪ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
:‫ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬،‫ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬،‫دارد‬
Mesh = 25 / (w + d)
(See Clause 4 for Symbols and Abbreviations.)
(1 ‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ‬
.(‫ را ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬4 ‫)ﺑﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﻄﺮه‬14-3
3.14 Mist Extractor (Demister)
Is a device installed in the top of scrubbers,
separators, tray or packed vessels, etc. to remove
liquid droplets entrained in a flowing gas stream.
‫ ﻇﺮوف‬،‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬،‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻي ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬،‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲ دار ﻳﺎ آﻛﻨﺪه و ﻏﻴﺮه‬
.‫ﮔﺎز ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
8
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎز‬15-3
3.15 Open Area
Open area is defined as a percentage of the
whole area of woven wire filter, is shown by
(Fo) and can be calculated from the equation:
(Eq. 2)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Fo =
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان درﺻﺪي از ﻛﻞ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
‫ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه و از ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ زﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬Fo ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد و ﺑﺎ‬
:‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
w²
 100
(w  d)
(See Clause 4 for Symbols and Abbreviations.)
(2 ‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ‬
.(‫ را ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻼﺋﻢ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬4 ‫)ﺑﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ‬16-3
3.16 Overflow
The stream being discharged out of the top of a
hydrocyclone, through a protruding pipe, is
called "overflow". This stream consists of bulk
of feed liquid together with the very fine solids.
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن ﻣﺎﻳﻌﻲ )ﻫﻴﺪرو ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن( از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬،‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮآﻣﺪه ﺧﺎرج ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
.‫ﺗﻮده ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﺑﺴﻴﺎر رﻳﺰ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬17-3
3.17 Septum
(See Clause 3.7.)
.(‫ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬7-3 ‫)ﺑﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز‬18-3
3.18 Scrubber
Is a type of separator which has been designed
to handle flow streams with unusually high gasto-liquid ratios.
‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮع از ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد در ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬
.‫ﻏﻴﺮﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﻻي ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ‬19-3
3.19 Slug Catcher
A particular separator design able to absorb
sustained in-flow of large liquid volumes at
irregular intervals.
‫ﻳﻚ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﺎص ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﻬﺎي زﻳﺎد‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻫﺪف‬20-3
3.20 Target Efficiency
Is the fraction of particles or droplets in the
entraining fluid of a separator, moving past an
object in the fluid, which impinge on the object.
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ذرات ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﺮات در ﺳﻴﺎل ورودي ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
.‫ﺳﻴﺎل ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﻮر از ﺷﻲء دروﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ آن ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﻘﻮط‬21-3
3.21 Terminal Velocity or Drop-Out Velocity
Is the velocity at which a particle or droplet will
fall under the action of gravity, when drag force
just balance gravitational force and the particle
(or droplet) continues to fall at constant velocity.
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ذره ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﺮه ﻛﻪ در اﺛﺮ ﻛﻨﺶ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﺳﻘﻮط‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻛﺸﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﺎدل ﺷﺪه و‬
.‫ذره )ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﺮه( ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻲ اﻓﺘﺪ‬
‫ ﭘﺎ رﻳﺰ‬22-3
3.22 Underflow
The stream containing the remaining liquid and
the coarser solids which is discharged through a
circular opening at the apex of the core of a
hydrocyclone is referred to as "underflow".
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺎوي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪه و ﺟﺎﻣﺪات درﺷﺖ ﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ از‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ داﻳﺮهاي در رأس ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن ﻣﺎﻳﻌﻲ )ﻫﻴﺪرو‬
.‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن( ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان "ﭘﺎ رﻳﺰ" ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر‬23-3
3.23 Vapor Space
The volume of a vapor liquid separator above
the liquid level.
.‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
9
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات‬-4
4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
API
American Petroleum Institute.
‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬
BSI
British Standards Institution
‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬
CD
Drag Coefficient, (dimensionless).
(‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﺸﺸﻲ )ﺑﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
d
Interval in (mm)
(‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ دو ﺳﻴﻢ )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
d1
Nozzle Diameter, in (m).
(‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل )ﻣﺘﺮ‬
d2
Diameter of the Gas Outlet Nozzle, in (m).
(‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز )ﻣﺘﺮ‬
d3
Diameter of the Liquid Outlet Nozzle, in (m).
(‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﻣﺘﺮ‬
Dp
Diameter of Droplet, in (m).
(‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه )ﻣﺘﺮ‬
dp
Double Pocket Vanes.
‫ﭘﺮه ﻫﺎي دو ﺷﻴﺎره‬
DN
Diameter Nominal, in (mm).
(‫ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
EOR
End of Run.
‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎن دوره‬
Eq.
Equation.
‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ‬
Fo
The Whole Area of A Woven Wire Filter, in (mm²).
(‫ﻛﻞ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬
FWKO
Free Water Knock-Out.
‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد‬
g
Acceleration of Gravity, in (m/² s).
(m/² s) ‫ﺷﺘﺎب ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ‬
GOR
Gas/Oil Ratio.
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
Hl
Height of Liquid Space, in (m).
(‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﻣﺘﺮ‬
HLL
High Liquid Level.
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
IE
Ion Exchange.
‫ﺗﺒﺎدل ﻳﻮﻧﻲ‬
Inf
Infinity.
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
10
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IP
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Institute of Petroleum.
‫اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
K
Entrainment Coefficient, in (m/s).
(‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
L
Distance between the Inlet Nozzle and Outlet Nozzle, in (m).
(‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﺎزل ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ )ﻣﺘﺮ‬
MG + ML
Mass of Gas and Liquid in the Mixture, in (kg).
(‫ﺟﺮم ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻣﺨﻠﻮط )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم‬
MMNCM
Million Normal Cubic Meter
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل‬
MMSCF
Million Standard Cubic Foot
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
Mod
Moderate.
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪل‬
NLL
Normal Liquid Level.
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﺎدي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
np
No-Pocket Vanes.
‫ﭘﺮه ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪون ﺷﻴﺎر‬
OD
Outside Diameter, in (mm).
(‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
OGP
Oil, Gas and Petrochemical.
‫ ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ‬،‫ﻧﻔﺖ‬
ppm
Parts per Million.
‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن‬
QG + QL
Volume of Gas and Liquid in the Mixture, in (m³).
(‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻣﺨﻠﻮط )ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
Qmax
Liquid Handling Capacity as Droplets.
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻗﻄﺮات‬
Sh
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of the Heaviers, (Dimensionless).
(‫ﺟﺮم وﻳﮋه )ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﻣﻮاد ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ )ﺑﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
S1
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of the Lighters, (Dimensionless).
(‫ﺟﺮم وﻳﮋه )ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﻣﻮاد ﺳﺒﻜﺘﺮ )ﺑﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
SOR
Start of Run.
‫ﺷﺮوع دوره‬
SP
Single-Pocket Vanes.
‫ﭘﺮه ﻫﺎي ﺗﻜﻲ‬
TCA
Total Corrosion Allowance.
‫ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻛﻞ‬
TGU
Thermal Gas Oil Unit.
‫واﺣﺪ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﮔﺎز‬
Ut
Terminal Velocity of the Heavier Fine Particles, in (m/s).
(‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
11
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
VG
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Gas Superficial Velocity, in (m/s).
(‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﮔﺎز )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
Vh
Horizontal Liquid Velocity, in (m/s).
(‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ اﻓﻘﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
Vm,in
Velocity of the Mixture in the Inlet Nozzle, in (m/s).
(‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط در ﻧﺎزل ورودي )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
VBU
Visbreaker Unit.
‫واﺣﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي‬
yr
Year.
‫ﺳﺎل‬
w
Width of Woven Wire Opening, in (mm).
(‫ﻋﺮض ﺳﻮراخ ﺳﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
 G (rho)
Gas Density, in (kg/m³).
(kg/m³) ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
 h (rho)
Density of Droplet, in (kg/cm³).
(kg/m³) ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﻄﺮه‬
 L (rho)
Density of Liquid, in (kg/m³).
(kg/m³) ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
 i (rho)
Density of the Continuous Phase, in (kg/m³).
(kg/m³) ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺎز ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬
 m (rho)
Mean Density of Mixture, in (kg/m³).
(kg/m³) ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط‬
 v (rho)
Vapor Density, in (kg/m³).
(kg/m³) ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
µ (mu)
Particle Size, in Microns or Micrometers (µm).
(µm)‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون ﻳﺎ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮ‬،‫اﻧﺪازه ذره‬
µ (mu)
Viscosity (Dynamic) of Continuous Phase, in [cP = mPa.s].
(cP = mPa.s) ‫ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي )دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻚ( ﻓﺎز ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬
 lambda
Gas Handling Maximum Capacity.
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-5
5. UNITS
This Standard is based on International System of
Units (SI) as per IPS-E-GN-100, except where
otherwise specified.
‫ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬،(SI) ‫ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻧﻈﺎم ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬،‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﻣﮕﺮ آﻧﻜﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ‬،‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬IPS-E-GN-100 ‫ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ دﻳﮕﺮي اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬-6
6. SEPARATORS
6.1 Gas-Liquid Separators
‫ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬1-6
6.1.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-1-6
Process design of gas (vapor)-liquid separators
should be based on IPS-E-PR-880, "Process
Design of Gas (Vapor)-Liquid Separators" and
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر( – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬IPS-E-PR-880 ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
12
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
should be amended with the following selection
and design criteria:
‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر( – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ" ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب زﻳﺮ اﺻﻼح ﺷﻮد‬
The function of a separator is to provide removal
of free gas from oil and/or water at a specific
pressure and temperature.
‫ ﺣﺬف ﻛﺮدن ﮔﺎز آزاد از ﻧﻔﺖ و ﻳﺎ آب در‬،‫وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
.‫دﻣﺎ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺸﺨﺺ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-1-6
6.1.2 Selection criteria
6.1.2.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-2-1-6
The followings outline various criteria and
features which play a role in separators
performance and selection. Table A.1 in Appendix
A summarizes the relative performance of various
types of separators.
‫ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ در‬
1-‫ ﺟﺪول اﻟﻒ‬.‫ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ دارﻧﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )اﻟﻒ( ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ را‬
.‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﻬﺖ‬2-2-1-6
6.1.2.2 Orientation
In general, a vertical vessel is preferred for
gas/liquid separation for the following reasons:
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ دﻻﻳﻞ زﻳﺮ ﻇﺮف ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬
:‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ داده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬/‫ﮔﺎز‬
- When the gas/liquid ratio is high;
‫ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬-
- A smaller plan area is required (critical on
offshore platforms);
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ در ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )در‬‫ﺳﻜﻮﻫﺎي درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ اﺳﺖ(؛‬
- Easier solids removal;
‫ ﺣﺬف آﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات؛‬-
- Liquid removal efficiency does not vary with
liquid level;
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ؛‬-
- Vessel volume is generally smaller.
.‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻇﺮف ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ‬-
However, a horizontal vessel should be chosen
if:
:‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻇﺮف اﻓﻘﻲ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮﻧﺪ اﮔﺮ‬،‫ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد‬
- Large volume of total fluid is available;
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ از ﻛﻞ ﺳﻴﺎل ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬-
- Large amount of dissolved gas is available;
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار زﻳﺎدي از ﮔﺎز ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﻠﻮل وﺟﻮد‬‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬
- Large liquid slugs have to be accommodated;
‫ ﻟﺨﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺟﺪا ﺷﻮد؛‬-
- There is restricted head room;
‫ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻓﻀﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬-
- A low downward liquid velocity is required
(for degassing purposes, foam breakdown or in
case of a difficult liquid/liquid separation).
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ روﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬‫ از ﺑﻴﻦ رﻓﺘﻦ ﻛﻒ ﻳﺎ در ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬،‫ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ‬
.(‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ دﺷﻮار ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬/‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ اﺟﺰاء‬3-2-1-6
6.1.2.3 Components
،‫ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﭘﺎﻳﺪار و ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در داﻣﻨﻪ وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺟﺰاء زﻳﺮ‬
:‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
For efficient and stable operation over a wide
range of conditions, a gas-liquid separator
normally has the following features:
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‫اﻟﻒ( ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
a) Primary separation section
This section is for removing the bulk of the
liquid in the inlet stream. Liquid slugs and
large liquid particles are removed first to
minimize gas turbulence and re-entrainment
of liquid particles in preparation for the
second step of separation. To do this, it is
usually necessary to absorb the momentum
and change the direction of flow by some
form of inlet baffling.
.‫اﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﺗﻮده ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ورودي ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫اﺑﺘﺪا ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ و ذرات ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﮔﺎز و‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ذرات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬.‫دوم ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺣﺬف ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﻛﺖ و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﺷﻜﺎل‬
.‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻴﻐﻪ ورودي ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ‬
Following the gas/liquid flow path through
the Primary separation section, the
following parameters should be identified:
،‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻴﻪ‬/ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﻮر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز‬
:‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ورودي ﺧﻮراك‬-
- Feed inlet
This comprises the upstream piping, inlet
nozzle, and the inlet devices (if any).
‫ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬،‫ ﻧﺎزل ورودي‬،‫اﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺖ‬
.‫ورودي )در ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد( اﺳﺖ‬
• The diameter of the inlet nozzle is a function
of the feed flow rate and pressure.
‫• ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل ورودي ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ از ﻣﻴﺰان ﺟﺮﻳﺎن و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
.‫ﺧﻮراك ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
• Information on the nature of the feed
(foaming tendency, feeds with solids, wax or
cocking tendency) are given in Clauses B.1
and B.2 in Appendix B.
،‫• اﻃﻼﻋﺎت در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﻮراك )ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻒ ﻛﺮدن‬
‫ ﻣﻮم ﻳﺎ ﻛُﻚ ﺷﺪن‬،‫ﺧﻮراك ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬
‫ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ب( داده ﺷﺪه‬2-‫ و ب‬1-‫دارﻧﺪ( در ﺑﻨﺪ ب‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
• The criterion for the nozzle sizing is that the
momentum of the feed shall not exceed
prescribed levels. The maximum allowable
inlet momentum can be increased by applying
inlet devices.
‫• ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزل آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ اﻧﺪازه‬.‫ﺧﻮراك ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﺮر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﺠﺎز ورودي ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮدن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ورودي‬
.‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
• The momentum criteria are given in
Appendix C.
‫• ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﻛﺖ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ج( داده ﺷﺪه‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
• The function of the inlet device is to initiate the
gas/liquid separation and to distribute the gas
flow evenly in the gas compartment of the vessel.
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ‬/‫ ﺷﺮوع ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز‬،‫• وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ورودي‬
.‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﺎزي ﻇﺮف ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
• Commonly used inlet devices are the halfopen pipe and their specific proprietory inlet
devices designed for introducing gas/liquid
mixtures into a vessel or column.
‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺎز و‬،‫• ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ورودي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ورودي ﺧﺎص ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ورود ﻣﺨﻠﻮط‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮف ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮج ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬/‫ﮔﺎز‬
‫ب( ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬
b) Secondary separation section
The major separation principle in this section is
gravity settling of liquid from the gas stream
after its velocity has been reduced.
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي در اﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﭘﺲ از ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ آن ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
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‫ج( ﻗﺴﻤﺖ اﻧﺒﺎرش ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
c) Liquid accumulator section
The liquid(s) is (are) collected in this section. The
liquid should have a minimum of disturbance from
the flowing gas stream. Sufficient capacity is
necessary to allow for surges and to provide the
retention time necessary for efficient separation of
gas breaking out of liquid. The flowing parameters
should be identified:
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬.(‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ)ﻫﺎ( در اﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﻴﺸﻮد)ﻧﺪ‬
.‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻏﺘﺸﺎش را در اﺛﺮ ﻋﺒﻮر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻮﺳﺎن ﮔﻴﺮي و ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬.‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﮔﺎز ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪه از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺿﺮورت دارد‬
:‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬-
- Separator internals
In knock-out vessels the diameter should be
selected sufficiently large to keep the gas
velocity low at which the major portion of the
droplets could be settled by gravity.
‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺰرگ‬،‫در ﻇﺮف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮔﺎز را ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬
.‫ﻋﻤﺪه ﻗﻄﺮات ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﺛﻘﻠﻲ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
In all other types of gas/liquid separators,
internals should be considered. For selection
the required duty, wire mesh, vane-pack (
either horizontal or vertical flow ) ,
multicyclones axial or reversed flow, filter
candles, etc. should be studied
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد اﺟﺰاء‬،‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬/‫در ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز‬
‫ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺮهاي )ﻫﻢ‬،‫ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ‬.‫داﺧﻠﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ي ﻣﺤﻮري‬،(‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻓﻘﻲ و ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
‫ ﺷﻤﻊ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاي‬،‫ﻳﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﺮﻋﻜﺲ‬
.‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫د( ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
d. Gas and liquid outlets section
A vortex breaker may be located over the
liquid outlet nozzle(s) to prevent gas or oil
entrainment with the bottom liquid. The mist
extractor of the coalescing section can be one of
several designs ( a series of vanes, woven wire
mesh pad or a centrifugal device). The mist
extractor removes from the gas stream the small
droplets (normally down to 10 micron diameter)
of liquid before the gas leaves the vessel. Liquid
carryover is normally less than 14 liter per
MMNCM (0.1 gallon per MMSCF).
‫ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮداب ﺷﻜﻦ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در ﻧﺎزل)ﻫﺎي( ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﮔﺎز ﻳﺎ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻛﻒ ﻇﺮف‬
‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ذرات ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬.‫ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻻﻳﻪ‬،‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻳﻜﻲ از اﻧﻮاع ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ )ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪاي از ﭘﺮهﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻗﻄﺮات ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل‬،‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ذرات‬
‫ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﺮك ﻇﺮف‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون( را از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز‬10 ‫ﺗﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ‬
14 ‫ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬.‫ﺣﺬف ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﮔﺎﻟﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻮت‬0/1) ‫ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل‬
.‫ﻣﻜﻌﺐ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد( ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
After completion of the gas/liquid separation
process the two phases will leave the vessel via
the gas and liquid outlet respectively. The
nozzle sizing criteria are given in Appendix C
‫ دوﻓﺎز ﻇﺮف را‬،‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬/‫ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي‬.‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ از ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺮك ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزل در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ج( داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﮔﺎز‬4-2-1-6
6.1.2.4 Gas handling capacity
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز را‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬.‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت و ﻋﺪم اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن در اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﭘﺎﻳﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫ درﺻﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬50 ‫ و‬15 ً‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬
.‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )د( ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬
The separator shall be large enough to handle the gas
flow rate under the most severe process conditions. The
highest envisaged gas flow rate should be determined by
including a margin for surging, uncertainties in basic
data. This margin is typically between 15 and 50%,
depending on the application. For the recommended
margin see Appendix D.
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬5-2-1-6
6.1.2.5 Process controls
The operating pressure may be controlled by a
weight loaded, spring loaded, or pilot operated gas
back pressure valve. Where the gas is being
delivered to a pipeline, the minimum separator
pressure is usually set by the transmission or
gathering system pressure. Separators should be
equipped with one or more liquid level controls.
Usually a liquid level control for the liquid
accumulation section of two-phase separators
activates a liquid dump valve to maintain the
required liquid level.
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻴﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﮔﺎزي ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ‬.‫ ﺑﺎر ﻓﻨﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮ ﭘﻴﻠﻮﺗﻲ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﻮد‬،‫وزن‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ داده ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬.‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻳﺎ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
.‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي دو ﻓﺎزي‬
‫ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺑﺮاي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬، ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻗﺴﻤﺖ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻻزم ﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬6-2-1-6
6.1.2.6 Relief devices
All separators ,regardless of size or pressure, shall
be provided with pressure protective devices and
set in accordance with ASME Code requirements.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ از اﻧﺪازه ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬
.‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ASME ‫ﺑﺎ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ اﺷﻜﺎل ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬7-2-1-6
6.1.2.7 Separator shapes
There are three different shapes of separators:
vertical , horizontal, and spherical. The four main
components are located differently in the various
vessels.
‫ اﻓﻘﻲ و‬،‫ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬:‫ﺳﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ وﺟﻮد دارد‬
‫ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺟﺰء اﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت در ﻇﺮوف ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺎ‬.‫ﻛﺮوي‬
.‫دﻫﻲ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬8-2-1-6
6.1.2.8 Selection strategy
To facilitate the choice of a separator for a given
application, the performance characteristics of
various separators are summarized in Appendix A,
Table A.1.
،‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ در اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬
1-‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﺟﺪول اﻟﻒ‬
.‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )اﻟﻒ( ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
:‫اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﮔﺎز‬
a) Gas handling capacity:
- Max. capacity (gas load factor);
‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ )ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎر ﮔﺎز(؛‬-
- Turndown ratio.
.‫ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬:‫ب( راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
b) Liquid removal efficiency:
- Overall;
‫ ﻛﻠﻲ؛‬-
- With respect to fine mist;
‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ رﻳﺰي ذرات ؛‬-
- With respect to the possible flooding above
the maximal load factor (which will affect the
sharpness of the efficiency decline above the
maximum capacity).
‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻐﻴﺎن ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ در ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎر‬‫)ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﺪي ﺷﻴﺐ اﻓﺖ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ را‬
.(‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‬
:‫ج( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
c) Liquid handling capacity:
- Slugs;
‫ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ؛‬-
- Droplets.
.‫ ﻗﻄﺮات‬16
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
:‫د( رواداري در رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري‬
d) Fouling tolerance:
- Sand;
‫ ﺷﻦ؛‬-
- Sticky material.
.‫ ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه‬-
e) Pressure drop:
‫ﻫ ( اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
The following selection strategy is suggested:
:‫ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب زﻳﺮ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
First define the mandatory requirements which
the separator shall satisfy. With the aid of
Table A.1 in Appendix A, a number of
separators can then be ruled out. Check, using
the Clause a.2), whether there are limitations
which will rule out horizontal or vertical
vessels.
‫اﺑﺘﺪا اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﺟﺒﺎري را ﻛﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮآورده ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ از ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬1-‫ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺟﺪول اﻟﻒ‬.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺑﺎ‬.‫ ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺬف ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،(‫)اﻟﻒ‬
‫( ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ آﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬2-‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﻨﺪ اﻟﻒ‬
.‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮوف اﻓﻘﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻮدي را ﺣﺬف ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬3-1-6
6.1.3 Design criteria
6.1.3.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-3-1-6
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, both the
maximum gas and liquid flow rates should contain
a design margin or surge factor as defined in
Appendix D. Table A.1 in Appendix A,
summarizes the performance data which can
enable a comparison of the various separators.
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬،‫ﻣﮕﺮ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮاﺣﺖ ﻃﻮر دﻳﮕﺮي اﻇﻬﺎر ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ داراي ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬
‫ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬1-‫ ﺟﺪول اﻟﻒ‬.‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎن ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )د( ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫)اﻟﻒ( اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ را‬
.‫ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي و اﻓﻘﻲ‬2-3-1-6
6.1.3.2 Vertical and horizontal separators
Specific indication to process application,
characteristics,
recommended
and
nonrecommended use of various vertical/horizontal
separators used in OGP production plants are
given hereunder for design consideration:
‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬،‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬،‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﺎص ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
‫اﻓﻘﻲ ﻣﻮرد‬/‫و ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
‫ ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ در زﻳﺮ ﺑﺮاي‬،‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
:‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮف ﻗﻄﺮهﮔﻴﺮ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
a) Vertical knock-out drum
Application:
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
- Bulk separation of gas and liquid.
.‫ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺗﻮده اي ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
- Unlimited turndown;
‫ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪود ؛‬-
- High slug handling capacity;
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش زﻳﺎد ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ؛‬-
- Liquid removal efficiency typically 80-90%
(ranging from low to high liquid load).
‫ درﺻﺪ اﺳﺖ )از ﺑﺎر‬90 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬80 ً‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‬‫ﻛﻢ ﺗﺎ زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ(؛‬
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﺑﺮاي ذرات رﻳﺰ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻛﻢ‬:‫ﻫﺸﺪار‬
Warning: Liquid removal efficiency for mist is
very poor
‫اﺳﺖ‬
- Very low pressure drop;
‫ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻛﻢ؛‬17
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
- Insensitive to fouling.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري‬:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
- Vessels where internals have to be kept to a
minimum (e.g., flare knock-out drums);
‫ ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ داراي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ(؛‬
- Fouling service e.g., wax, sand, asphaltenes;
‫ ﺷﻦ و آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ؛‬،‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬار ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮم‬-
- Foaming service.
.‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻛﻒ زا‬:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
‫• ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺬف ﻣﺆﺛﺮ )ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي‬
.‫ﺑﻌﺪي( ذرات رﻳﺰ ﮔﺎز ﻻزم اﺳﺖ‬
• Where efficient demisting of gas is required.
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Typical process applications:
‫• ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ دودﻛﺶ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا و ﻣﺸﻌﻞ؛‬
• Vent and flare stack knock-out drums;
‫• ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ؛‬
• Production separator;
‫• ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮده اي )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺖ ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي‬
‫ﮔﺎز(؛‬
• Bulk separator (e.g., upstream of gas
coolers);
.‫• ﻇﺮف ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ‬
• Flash vessel.
‫ب( ﻇﺮف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ اﻓﻘﻲ‬
b) Horizontal knock-out drum
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
.‫• ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺗﻮده اي ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
• Bulk separation of gas and liquid.
:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
• Can handle large liquid fractions;
• Unlimited turndown;
• Very high slug handling capacity;
‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎي زﻳﺎد ﺟﺰء ﻣﺎﻳﻊ؛‬

‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪود ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ؛‬

‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد ؛‬


‫ درﺻﺪ )از ﺑﺎر‬90 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬80 ً‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‬
.(‫ﻛﻢ ﺗﺎ زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
• Liquid removal efficiency typically 80-90%
(ranging from low to high liquid load).
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي ذرات رﻳﺰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر‬:‫ﻫﺸﺪار‬
Warning: Liquid removal efficiency for mist
is very poor
‫ﻛﻢ اﺳﺖ‬
• Insensitive to fouling;
• Very low pressure drop.
‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﺣﺴﺎس در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري؛‬

.‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻛﻢ‬

:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
‫ ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ ارﺗﻔﺎع وﺟﻮد دارد؛‬
• Vessels where internals have to be kept to a
minimum and where there are height limitations;
18
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
• Slug catchers;
• Fouling service, e.g., wax, sand, asphaltenes;
• For foaming or very viscous liquids.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻫﺎ ؛‬

‫ ﺷﻦ و آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ؛‬،‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬار ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮم‬

‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻛﻒزا ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو؛‬

:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺬف ﻣﺆﺛﺮ )ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در‬
.‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي( ذرات رﻳﺰ ﮔﺎز ﻻزم اﺳﺖ‬
• Where efficient demisting of gas is required.
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Typical process applications:
• Vent and flare stack knock-out drums;
• Production separator-low GOR;
• Bulk separator;
• Slug catcher.
‫ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ دودﻛﺶ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ؛‬

‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺤﺼﻮل – ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ؛‬

‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮده اي؛‬

.‫ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ‬

‫ج( ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
c) Vertical wire mesh demister
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
• Demisting of gas.
.‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي )ﻧﻢ ﮔﻴﺮي( از ﮔﺎز‬

:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
• High turndown ratio;
• High slug handling capacity;
• Liquid removal efficiency > 98%;
• Sensitive to fouling;
• Low pressure drop.
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ زﻳﺎد؛‬

‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ زﻳﺎد ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ؛‬

‫ درﺻﺪ؛‬98 ‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از‬

‫ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري؛‬

.‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ‬

:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:

• For demisting service with a moderate liquid
load;
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ؛‬
• Where slug handling capacity may be
required.
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
• Fouling service (wax, asphaltenes, sand,
hydrates);
‫ ﻫﻴﺪراتﻫﺎ(؛‬،‫ ﺷﻦ‬،‫ آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺖ‬،‫• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي رﺳﻮب ده )ﻣﻮم‬
• For viscous liquids where degassing
requirement determines vessel diameter;
‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺣﺬف ﮔﺎز ﻗﻄﺮ ﻇﺮف را‬
‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ؛‬
19
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﻣﮕﺮ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ‬،‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬
‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت اﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ورود‬
‫ﺳﻴﻢﻫﺎي ﻟﻖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻳﺎ اﻧﺴﺪاد ﺣﺼﻴﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬،‫ﻛﻪ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻜﺶ را اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
.‫ﺷﻮد‬
• For compressor suction scrubbers unless
precautions are taken to prevent the possibility
of loose wire cuttings entering the compressor
or plugging of the demister mat increasing
suction pressure drop.
Typical process applications:
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
• Production/test separator:
‫آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬/‫• ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
- Moderate GOR;
‫ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ؛‬-
- Non-fouling;
.‫ ﻏﻴﺮرﺳﻮبده‬‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺗﻤﺎس‬/‫• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ورودي‬
‫ﮔﻠﻴﻜﻮل؛‬
• Inlet/outlet scrubbers for glycol contactors;
‫• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ورودي ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺻﺎدرات ﮔﺎز؛‬
• Inlet scrubbers for gas export pipelines;
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ‬،‫ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ‬/‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ و‬
‫( ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬SMS) ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ اﺿـﺎﻓﻲ ﭘــﺮه اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﻮري اﻟﻚ‬
.‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
• For small diameter and/or low pressure
vessels, where extra costs of vane of screen
mesh sizes (SMS) internals cannot be justified.
‫د( ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ اﻓﻘﻲ‬
d) Horizontal wire mesh demister
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
‫• ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات از ﮔﺎز ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫ﻻزم اﺳﺖ‬
• Demisting of gas where a high liquid
handling capacity is required.
:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ زﻳﺎد‬

• Very high slug handling capacity;
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد؛‬

• Liquid removal efficiency > 98%;
‫ درﺻﺪ؛‬98 ‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از‬

‫ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب‬

‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ‬

• High turndown ratio;
• Sensitive to fouling;
• Low pressure drop.
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
• Typically for demisting service with a high
liquid load and low GOR;
‫• ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ زﻳﺎد و‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ؛‬
• Where slug handling capacity may be
required;
‫• ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬
• For viscous liquids where liquid degassing
requirement determines vessel diameter;
‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫ﻇﺮف را ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ؛‬
20
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
• In situations where head room is restricted;
• For foaming liquids.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫در ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬

.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻛﻒ زا‬

‫ﻫ ( ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
e) Vertical vane-type demister
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
• Demisting of gas.
.‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز‬
Characteristics:

:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
‫ درﺻﺪ؛‬96 ‫• راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از‬
• Liquid removal efficiency > 96%;
‫• ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ؛‬
• Moderate turndown ratio;
‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ رﺳﻮبده )اﮔﺮ ﺑﺪون ﭘﺮه ﺷﻴﺎر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(؛‬
• Suitable for slightly fouling service (if
without double-pocket vanes);
‫• ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻢ؛‬
• Robust design;
‫• ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺧﻂ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬
.(‫ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺣﺬف ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
• Sensitive to liquid slugs (in-line separator
cannot handle slugs).
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺪاول اﺳﺖ؛‬
• Typically for demisting service;
• In-line separator to be used only with
relatively low flow parameter (  feed < 0.01);
‫• ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﻛﻢ‬
‫ (؛‬ ‫< ﺧﻮراك‬0.01 ) .‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
• Two-stage separator to be used if  feed
 0.01;
‫• از ﺟﺪاﺳﺎز دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد اﮔﺮ‬
‫؛‬0/01 ≤  ‫ﺧﻮراك‬
• Attractive for slightly fouling service (if
without double-pocket vanes);
‫• ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬار )اﮔﺮ ﺑﺪون‬
‫ﭘـﺮهﻫﺎي دو ﺷﻴﺎري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(؛‬
• May be used where demister mats may
become plugged, i.e., waxy crudes.
‫• ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻣﻜﺎن اﻧﺴﺪاد ﺣﺼﻴﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ وﺟﻮد دارد‬
.‫ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻔﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻣﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
wax,
،‫ ﺷﻦ‬،‫ آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬،‫• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮبده زﻳﺎد )ﻣﻮم ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻴﺪراﺗﻬﺎ(؛‬
• For viscous liquids where degassing
requirement determines vessel diameter;
‫• ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫ﻇﺮف را ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ؛‬
• The in-line vertical flow vane pack separator
shall not be used where liquid slugging may
occur or where  feed  0.01;
‫• ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺧﻂ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺮهاي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ‬
‫؛‬0/01 ≤ ‫ ﺧﻮراك‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد ﻳﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
• If pressure exceeds 100 bar (abs), due to the
consequent sharp decline in liquid removal
‫ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺖ‬،‫ ﺑﺎر )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ( ﺷﻮد‬100 ‫• اﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از‬
• Heavy fouling service
asphaltenes, sand, hydrates);
(heavy
21
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
efficiency.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
.‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ در راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Typical process applications:
• Compressor suction scrubbers, where vane
packs are preferred to demister mats since their
construction is more robust;
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺮهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬،‫• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬
‫ﺣﺼﻴﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ داده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد زﻳﺮا ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر آﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ؛‬
• Demisting vessels with slightly fouling
service.
.‫• ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮب ده‬
‫و( ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي اﻓﻘﻲ‬
f) Horizontal vane-type demister
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
‫• ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ زﻳﺎد ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
.‫ﻻزم اﺳﺖ‬
• Demisting of gas where a high liquid
handling capacity is required.
:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
• Liquid removal efficiency > 96%;
• Moderate turndown ratio;

‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ؛‬


‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮبده ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ؛)اﮔﺮ‬
(‫ﺑﺪون ﭘﺮه دو ﺷﻴﺎري‬
• Suitable for slightly fouling service (if
without double-pocket vanes);
• High slug handling capacity;
• Robust design.
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ زﻳﺎد؛‬

‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻢ؛‬

:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
• Heavy fouling service
asphaltenes, sand, hydrates);
‫ درﺻﺪ؛‬96 ‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از‬
(heavy
،‫ ﺷﻦ‬،‫ آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬،‫• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺑﺎ رﺳﻮبدﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ )ﻣﻮم ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻴﺪراﺗﻬﺎ(؛‬
wax,
.‫ ﺑﺎر )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ( ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬100 ‫• اﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر از‬
• If pressure exceeds 100 bar (abs).
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Typical process applications:
‫• ﻣﺨﺎزن ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﻢ‬
.‫و ﺳﻴﺎل ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮبده اﺳﺖ‬
• Production separator where GOR is low and
the service is slightly fouling.
g) Cyclone
‫ز( ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن‬
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
• Demisting of gas in fouling service.
‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮب ده؛‬

:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
‫ درﺻﺪ؛‬96 < ‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺪود؛‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب؛‬
• Liquid removal efficiency > 96%;
• Limited turndown ratio;
• Insensitive to fouling;
22



Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
• High pressure drop.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)

‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ‬
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
‫• ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي رﺳﻮبده‬
‫)ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛُﻚ( و ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي‬
.‫ﻫﻨﻮز ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
• Typically for use in a fouling (e.g., cokeformation) environment and where a high
demisting efficiency is still required.
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
• If high pressure drop can not be tolerated.

.‫اﮔﺮ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
Typical process application:
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
• In oil refineries:
:‫• در ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
Thermal Gas-Oil Unit (TGU);
‫(؛‬TGU) ‫ﮔﺎز‬-‫واﺣﺪ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
Visbreaker Unit (VBU);
‫(؛‬VBU) ‫واﺣﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي‬
:‫• در ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
• In chemical plants:
Thermoplastic Rubber Plants.
.‫واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻻﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ‬
‫ح( ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
h) Vertical multicyclone separator
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:

‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي و ﻏﺒﺎرﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي‬
.‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮبده و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ‬
• Demisting and dedusting of gas in slightly
fouling service and high pressure.
:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
‫؛‬%93 < ‫• راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
• Liquid removal efficiency > 93%;
‫• ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮبده )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻛﻢ‬
‫ﺷﻦ(؛‬
• Suitable for slightly fouling service (e.g., low
sand loading);
• High pressure drop;
‫• اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ؛‬
• Compact separator;
‫• ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻓﺸﺮده؛‬
.‫• ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
• Sensitive to high liquid loading or slugs.
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
• Typically for use in a slightly fouling
environment where the gas pressure is higher
than 100 bar (abs) and a compact separator is
required.
‫• ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮبده ﺟﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﺎر )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ( اﺳﺖ و ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬100 ‫ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از‬
.‫ﻓﺸﺮده ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
23
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
‫• ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ ؛‬
• Low gas pressure;
‫• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي رﺳﻮبده زﻳﺎد )ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي زﻳﺎد ﺷﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﻮد(؛‬
• Heavy fouling service (high sand loading
will cause erosion);
‫• ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ؛‬
• High liquid loading;
‫• ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ؛‬
• Slug;
.‫• زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
• When high liquid removal efficiency is
required.
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Typical process application:
‫• ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ؛‬
• Wellhead separators;
• Primary scrubbers under slightly fouling
service and when the liquid loading is low;
‫• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫـﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮبده‬
‫وزﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻢ اﺳﺖ؛‬
• Compressor suction scrubbers if sand is
present in the feed.
‫• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر اﮔﺮ در ﺧﻮراك ﺷﻦ وﺟﻮد‬
.‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ط( ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬
i) Filter separator
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
Application:
‫• ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﻌﺪي )ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﺟﺎﻣﺪات( ﮔﺎز ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي‬
.‫ﺷﺪه زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
• After-cleaning (liquid and solids) of already
demisted gas when a very high liquid removal
efficiency is required.
:‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
Characteristics:
• Liquid removal efficiency > 99%;
• Very high pressure drop;
• Sensitive to high liquid loading or slugs;
• Sensitive to fouling by sticky material.
‫؛‬%99 < ‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬

‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد؛‬

‫ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ؛‬

.‫ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه‬

:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Recommended use:
• Typically as a second-line gas/liquid
separator to after-clean the gas stream exiting
from the first-line gas/liquid separator.
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي‬/‫• ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬/‫ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﺮدن ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اوﻟﻴﻪ ﮔﺎز‬
• Use filter candles with the flow from OUT to
IN where solids are present.
‫• در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ از ﺷﻤﻊﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن از ﺑﻴﺮون ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﻨﻴﺪ؛‬
• Use filter candles with the flow from IN to
OUT where ultimate efficiency is required and
NO solids are present.
‫• ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺟﺎﻣﺪات وﺟﻮد‬
‫ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ از ﺷﻤﻌﻚﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن از داﺧﻞ ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﻴﺮون اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
24
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه‬
Non-recommended use:
• Heavy fouling (sticky material) service;
• High liquid loading;
• Slugs.
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮب دﻫﻲ زﻳﺎد )ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه(؛‬

‫ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ؛‬

‫ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ؛‬

:‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Typical process application:
.‫• ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ از ارﺳﺎل ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮوش‬
• Last demisting stage of natural gas prior to
dispatch for sale.
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﺪ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬2-6
6.2 Solid-Liquid Separators
6.2.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-2-6
The process design of solid-liquid separators
should be based on the IPS-E-PR-895,
"Engineering Standard for Process Design of
Solid-Liquid Separators" and the following is
covered
as
an
amendment
to
IPS-E-PR-895 above.
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﺪ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬IPS-E-PR-895 ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﺪ–ﻣﺎﻳﻊ" و ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬IPS-E-PR-895 ‫اﺻﻼح و ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ‬/‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬2-2-6
6.2.2 Multicyclone scrubbers/separators
6.2.2.1 Application
‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬1-2-2-6
High efficiency separation of solids & liquids. For
detailed applications see Table E.2*.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎت‬.‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺟﺎﻣﺪات و ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺑﺎ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻ‬
.‫ *ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬2-‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪول ﻫـ‬
‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬2-2-2-6
6.2.2.2 Introduction
The multicyclone gas separator/scrubber offers an
economical way to remove solid and liquid
particles from a gas stream.
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﺎز ﻳﻚ راه اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺮاي‬/‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
.‫ﺣﺬف ذرات ﺟﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ ﻓﻮاﻳﺪ‬3-2-2-6
6.2.2.3 Advantages:
- On high pressure applications, the reduced
diameter of the multicyclone is smaller than
the vane type and markedly smaller than the
demister type. This means thinner walls,
reduced space, and most importantly reduced
costs (especially on larger flow rates).
‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ‬،‫در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎً ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ از‬
،‫ اﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دﻳﻮارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎزﻛﺘﺮ‬.‫ﻧﻮع ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬،‫ﻓﻀﺎي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ و ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮ از ﻫﻤﻪ‬
.‫)ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎً در ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
-
- The multicyclone is able to handle and
remove solid particles whereas the vane and
demister type principally do not.
‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش و ﺣﺬف ذرات ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي و ﻧﻮع ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ اﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬
-
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note:
The vane and demister type separators will
remove small solids suspended in liquid.
‫ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ در‬،‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﭘﺮهاي و ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺣﺬف ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ‬
- Like the wire mesh demister and vane type
the multicyclone separator is a high
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬،‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ و ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي‬
25
-
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
capacity separator designed to operate
with a low pressure drop.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اي ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬،‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎر ﺑﺎ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
* Table E.1 also represents a separator type
selection guide for other types of separators for
any reference.
‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻮع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي‬1-‫* ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﺪول ﻫـ‬
.‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
- The multicyclone is self cleaning and needs
only a periodic blowdown for removal of
collected material.
‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﻮد ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ دورهاي ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﻣﻮاد ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪه ﻧﻴﺎز‬
.‫دارد‬
-
- It is high efficient over a wide range of
operating conditions.
‫در ﻣﺤﺪوده وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ داراي‬
.‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ‬
-
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف‬4-2-2-6
6.2.2.4 Removal efficiency
Generally, the efficiency of the separator is
dependent on the following factors ( See Fig. E.1
of Appendix E.):
‫ )ﺷﻜﻞ‬.‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد‬،ً‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‬
:(‫ از ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫـ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬1-‫ﻫـ‬
- Particle size.
- Distribution of particles.
- Liquid loading.
‫اﻧﺪازه ذره؛‬
-
‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ذرات؛‬
-
.‫ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
-
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬5-2-2-6
6.2.2.5 Liquid efficiency
3
The outlet gas shall contain less than 1 m /74.81 ×
106 m3 liquids to gas through the scrubber (based
on a liquid to gas ratio of less than or equal to
5%). In addition, based on the same inlet
assumption, all liquid particles 5 microns (µm)
and larger shall be removed.
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬1 ‫ﮔﺎز ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﮔﺎز داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬74/81×106‫در‬
‫ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬،‫ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬.(‫ درﺻﺪ‬5 ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎز ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎوي‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬5 ‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ذرات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫ﻫﻤﺎن ﻓﺮض در ورودي‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺬف ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات‬6-2-2-6
6.2.2.6 Solids
Based on an assumed solid loading of 22.88 g/m3.
The multicyclone separator will generally remove
100% of 8 microns (µm) and larger solid particles
(see Fig. E.1 of Appendix E).
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭼﻨﺪ‬22/88 g/m3 ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺑﺎر ﻓﺮﺿﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ را‬8 ‫ درﺻﺪ ذرات ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬100 ً‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‬
.(‫ از ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫـ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬1-‫ﺣﺬف ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ )ﺷﻜﻞ ﻫـ‬
‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬7-2-2-6
6.2.2.7 Operation
Fig. E.2 of Appendix E shows the general detail of
multicyclone scrubber/separator.
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز‬/‫ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ﻫـ( ﺟﺰﻳﻴﺎت ﻛﻠﻲ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬2-‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻫـ‬
.‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‬
6.2.2.8 Material specifications and construction
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻣﻮاد و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬8-2-2-6
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ ﻣﻮاد‬.‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬ASME VIII
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺧﺮﻳﺪار از ﻛﺮﺑﻦ اﺳﺘﻴﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﺎ‬
‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي‬.‫ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد از ﻓﻮﻻد ﭘﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژ رﻳﺨﺘﻪﮔﺮي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
Multicyclone scrubbers are designed and
manufactured in accordance with ASME VIII Div.
1 Code. Materials of construction are as customers
specification, from standard carbon steel to
stainless steel, and other steel alloys. Cyclone
tubes are manufactured as standard from high
alloy cast steel.
26
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬3-6
6.3 Liquid-Liquid Separators
6.3.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-3-6
For liquid-liquid separators the following
requirements and criteria should be considered:
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت و‬
:‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
a) The vessels should be sized in such a way
that the settling time for each liquid phase
from the other is less than it’s residence
time in the vessel itself.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن ﺗﻪ‬
b) Settling velocity for the dispersed droplets is
calculated using Stocke’s, Newton’s or an
intermediate law, according to the field of
application.
‫ب( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻗﻄﺮات ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از‬
c) A maximum settling value of 250 mm/min
shall be considered for light hydrocarbons.
It should be verified that the hold-up time
necessary for any phase for settling satisfies
process hold-up requirements.
250 ‫ج( ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻦﻫﺎي ﺳﺒﻚ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از دﻳﮕﺮي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از زﻣﺎن‬
.‫اﻗﺎﻣﺖ آن در ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺘﻮك‬
.‫زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
‫ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻪ‬
.‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي را ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ‬
6.3.1.1 For normal liquid droplet separation,
droplet diameters ranging from 500 to 1000
microns (µm) are assumed as a guide for the
design for vertical separators, and droplet diameter
of about 100 microns are assumed as a guide for
the design of horizontal separators. Terminal
velocity, design calculation is given in Appendix
F of this Standard Specification.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻋﺎدي ﻗﻄﺮات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬1-1-3-6
‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه در ﺣﺪود‬،‫راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
‫ ﻗﻄﺮ‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﻓﻘﻲ‬1000 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬500
‫ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬.‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون ﻓﺮض ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬100 ‫ﻗﻄﺮه‬
‫ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و( در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت داده ﺷﺪه‬،‫ﺣﺪ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي‬2-1-3-6
6.3.1.2 Vertical separator
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
a) Liquid velocities
The terminal velocity Ut of any droplet moving
in a medium can be calculated form Stockes’
law. The settling rate of each phase from the
other phase should be calculated to decide
which phase is limiting.
‫ ﻫﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﻣﺘﺤﺮك در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ از ﻗﺎﻧﻮن‬Ut ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺷﺪت ﺗﻪ‬.‫اﺳﺘﻮك ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎز از ﻓﺎز دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﻓﺎز ﻣﺤﺪود‬
.‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ب ( ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
b) Construction
(‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮدي در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و‬
‫ ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري‬.‫ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬1-‫ﺷﻜﻞ و‬
.‫آراﻳﺶ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺘﻼﻃﻢ ﻧﺸﻮد‬
Typical construction of vertical liquid-liquid
separators are shown in Appendix F, Fig. F.1.
Feed nozzles shall be so arranged that the
liquid-liquid interface may not be disturbed.
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻓﻘﻲ‬3-1-3-6
6.3.1.3 Horizontal separator
a) Liquid velocity
The liquid velocity can be determined by the
equation given below, where Dp is assumed to
be 100 microns:
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ زﻳﺮ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮض‬
:‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون اﺳﺖ‬100 ‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻗﻄﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه‬
27
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
L HI

Vh U t
(Eq. 3)
(3 ‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ‬
‫ب ( ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
b) Construction
Typical construction of horizontal liquid-liquid
separator, are shown in Appendix F, Figs. F.2
and F.3.
(‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﻓﻘﻲ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و‬
.‫ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬3-‫ و و‬2-‫ﺷﻜﻞ و‬
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم‬2-3-6
6.3.2 Crude oil separator
6.3.2.1 Process design of crude oil separator shall
be in accordance with requirements and criteria
setforth in IPS-E-PR-880 and the followings:
‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬1-2-3-6
‫ و ﻣﻮارد‬IPS-E-PR-880 ‫ﺑﺎ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت و ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺪرج در‬
:‫زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻒ(ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه‬
a) Sizing
a.1) In three-phase separators the following
main functions should be considered:
‫( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎزي‬1-‫اﻟﻒ‬
:‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ زﻳﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
i) Provision of enough residence time
for the liquid so that degassing can
occur.
‫( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻪ‬i
ii) Provision of enough free cross
sectional area above the liquid so that
the gas velocity is low enough to
allow liquid particles to be separated.
‫( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﺒﻮري آزاد ﻛﺎﻓﻲ‬ii
iii) Provision of enough residence time
for the liquid/liquid separation to
occur.
‫( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم‬iii
.‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮔﺎز آﻧﻘﺪر ﻛﻢ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ‬
.‫اﺟﺎزه ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ ذرات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬/‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
a.2) A separator should be either liquid or
gas controlling, the gas/oil ratio will
determine which. Liquid residence time for
a two-phase separator will depend on the
rate of vapor break out from the liquid.
In this regard
recommended:
the
following
‫( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻳﻜﻲ از دو ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬2-‫اﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺖ آن را‬/‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎز را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه دوﻓﺎزي‬.‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺧﺮوج ﺑﺨﺎر از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد‬
is
:‫در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
Minimum for light gravity crudes 1 mins.
‫ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬1
‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻔﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎم ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺳﺒﻚ‬
(35 API ‫)ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از‬
(greater than 35 API)
20-30 °API
1 to 2 mins.
‫ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬2 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1
20-30 API
10-20 °API
2 to 4 mins.
‫ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬4 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬2
10-20 API
a.3) When degassing water a residence time
of only 1 minute is required. Residence time
for a three phase separators are generally as
follows:
‫( ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ از آب ﻓﻘﻂ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﻳﻚ‬3-‫اﻟﻒ‬
‫ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻪ‬.‫دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ‬
:‫ﻓﺎزي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
28
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Oil Gravities Minutes ( Typical )
Above 35 API
3 to 5
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
(‫دﻗﻴﻘﻪ )ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺮم ﻧﻔﺖ‬
5 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬3
35 API ‫ﺑﺎﻻي‬
35 API ‫زﻳﺮ‬
Below 35 API
37.8 + º C ( 100+F )
5 to 10
10 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬5
(100 º F) 37/8º C‫ﺑﺎﻻي‬
26.7 + º C ( 80 +F )
10 to 20
20 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬10
(80 º F) 26/7º C‫ﺑﺎﻻي‬
15.6 + º C ( 60+F )
20 to 30
30 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬20
(60 º F) 15/6º C‫ﺑﺎﻻي‬
‫ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ‬،API ‫ درﺟﻪ‬،‫اﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي ورودي‬
.‫ورودي و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻻزم ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد‬
This can be more depending on inlet
temperature, API gravity, inlet oil quality,
and final oil quality required.
‫( ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت وﻳﮋه‬4-‫اﻟﻒ‬
a.4) Special considerations
- Special considerations should be given
to the sizing of separators under the
following conditions:
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ در‬:‫ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ زﻳﺮ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ وﻳﮋهاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد‬
- Degassing of very light > 40 API dry
oil.
.40 API < ‫ ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﻲ آب ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺳﺒﻚ‬-
- Degassing and dehydration of waxy
crude.
.‫ ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ و ﻧﻢ زداﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم ﻣﻮﻣﻲ‬-
- Handling of foaming crude.
.‫ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم ﻛﻒزا‬‫ب ( ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي وﻳﮋه‬
b) Other special separators
- Free water knock outs are usually
specified downstream of the degassing or
first stage separator. They are normally
employed to remove large amounts of
water from oil streams i.e., 70% to 90%
water.
c)
‫ ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ در ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ‬‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ‬
‫ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﻣﻘﺪار زﻳﺎد‬.‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ درﺻﺪ آب ﺑﻜﺎر‬90 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬70 ‫آب از ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
.‫ﻣﻴﺮوﻧﺪ‬
The free water knock out is essentially a
separator for which the sizing is
completely controlled by liquid/liquid
separation rather than gas.
‫ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد در اﺻﻞ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه آن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﺎﻣﻞ در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﮔﺎز‬/‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
The inlet fluid enters and impinges on an
inlet diverter as with a standard separator.
‫ ﺳﻴﺎل ﭘﺲ از ورود ﺑﻪ‬،‫در ﻳﻚ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺤﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
Free water
considerations
knock-out
‫ج ( ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت وﻳﮋه ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد‬
special
- The free water knock-out, as its name
implies, is designed to remove free water,
not emulsions from oil.
‫ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮري ﻛﻪ از اﺳﻤﺶ‬‫ﭘﻴﺪاﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف آب آزاد و ﻧﻪ اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن از‬
.‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺷﻜﻦ اﻏﻠﺐ ﻳﻚ‬
The use of demulsifying chemicals is
29
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
usually a must to aid with separation, and
even then outlet quality depends on the
extent and tightness of the emulsion.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫اﻟﺰام ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اﺳﺖ و ﺣﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري و ﮔﺴﺘﺮه اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن‬
.‫ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد‬
- As a guide, the following typical outlet
ppm qualities of oil in water and water in
oil emulsions will give an indication of
achievable separation (see IPS-E-PR-700,
"Process
Design
of
Crude
Oil
Electrostatic Desalters"):
‫ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖﻫﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ زﻳﺮ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﻨﻤﺎ‬‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪاي‬،‫از اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن ﻧﻔﺖ در آب و آب در ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫از ﺟﺪاﺳـﺎزي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮس را ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد‬
‫ " ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻚ‬IPS-E-PR-700)
:(‫زداﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم" را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬
‫اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن ﻧﻔﺖ در آب‬
Oil in Water Emulsion
Heavy crude , < 30 API -150 ppm
outlet
‫ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬- 30API > ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬
ppm150
Medium crude, 30 API to 45 API -100
ppm outlet
‫ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬- 40API ‫ ﺗﺎ‬30API ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
. ppm100 ‫از‬
ppm 50 ‫ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬- 40API < ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﺒﻚ‬
Light crude, > 45 API - 50 ppm outlet
‫اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن آب در ﻧﻔﺖ‬
Water in Oil Emulsion
%5/6 ‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬- 30API <‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬
Heavy crude, < 30 API -5.6%
%3/5 ‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬- 45API ‫ ﺗﺎ‬30API ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
Medium crude, 30 API to 45 API -3.5%
%2/3 ‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬- 45 < ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﺒﻚ‬
Light crude, > 45 API -2.3%
- The FWKO is usually sized on a residence
time between 15 and 30 minutes.
30 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬15 ‫ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﺎ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ‬.‫دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻇﺮوف و رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ‬-7
7. VESSELS AND REACTORS
7.1 General
7.1.1 The process design requirements, criteria
and philosophy of vessels and reactors are covered
to some extent in the IPS-E-PR-880, IPS-E-PR895 and under Section 6 of this Standard
Specification relating to different horizontal and
vertical separation vessels but subject to their
accomplishment as setforth in the scope. So, under
this Section 7, the intention is made to cover the
process design specification, requirement and
criteria for pressure vessels, used widely in OGP
production plants.
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-7
‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ و ﻓﻠﺴﻔﻪ رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ‬،‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬1-1-7
‫ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﺷﺪه‬IPS-E-PR-895 ‫ و‬IPS-E-PR-880 ‫ﺣﺪي در‬
‫ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮوف ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬6 ‫اﺳﺖ و ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬
‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اﻓﻘﻲ و ﻋﻤﻮدي و ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر ﻛﻪ در داﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫ ﻫﺪف ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬،7 ‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬.‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﺷﺎن ﺑﻴﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت و ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ‬،‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
‫ ﮔﺎز و‬،‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮔﺴﺘﺮده در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ‬،‫ رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬2-1-7
7.1.2 For mechanical design of towers, reactors,
pressure vessels and internals reference is made to
Engineering and Material Standard IPS-G-ME150, "Towers, Reactors, Pressure Vessels &
Internals".
IPS-G- ‫ﻓﺸﺎر و اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ وﻣﻮاد‬
‫ ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر و اﺟﺰاء‬،‫ رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ‬،‫ "ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬ME-150
.‫داﺧﻠﻲ" ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬
30
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﻣﻘﺮرات و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬، ‫ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬2-7
7.2 Code, Regulations and Standards
7.2.1 All design and construction shall be in
accordance with the latest edition of ASME
Section VIII, Division 1, "Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code".
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬1-2-7
7.2.2 Those pressure vessels as required by the
Purchaser shall be inspected and "U" stamped in
accordance with ASME Code and also in
accordance with other applicable Codes subject to
Company’s approval. Applicable Registry
Certificates shall be provided for each vessel.
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ‬،‫ ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎري ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺧﺮﻳﺪار‬2-2-7
‫ "آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ دﻳﮓ ﺑﺨﺎر و ﻇﺮف‬ASME SEC VIII ‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
.‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر" ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ASME ‫آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ‬.‫" زده ﺷﻮد‬U" ‫اﻋﻤﺎل ﻣﻨﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻬﺮ‬
.‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
7.2.3 Where applicable, the requirement, criteria
and design specification of Engineering Standard,
IPS-E-PR-360, "Process Design of Liquid and Gas
Transfer and Storage" should be considered.
،‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬،‫ در ﺻﻮرت ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﺟﺮا‬3-2-7
7.2.4 In all cases where more than one code or
standard applies to the same conditions, the most
stringent shall be followed.
‫ در ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻮاردي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬4-2-7
‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬
‫ " ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺳﺎزي‬IPS-E-PR-360
.‫و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﮔﺎز" در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺳﺨﺖﮔﻴﺮاﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﻤﺎل اﺳﺖ‬
.‫دﻧﺒﺎل ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬3-7
7.3 Design
7.3.1 Design pressure
The design pressure is the maximum and / or
minimum pressure for which the mechanical
calculation shall be performed. The operating
pressure is defined as the maximum anticipated
normal operating pressure.
‫ﻳﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎري اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت‬/‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ و‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ آن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ در ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
The design pressure shall be established according
to the following criteria except in special cases
approved by the Company. In addition, where,
process fluid static head or other appropriate loads
significantly increase the internal pressure, the
design pressure shall be increased accordingly for
the vessel section concerned.
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮارد ﺧﺎص ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع‬.‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫اﻳﺴﺘﺎي ﺳﻴﺎل ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﻤﺎل‬
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫داﺧﻠﻲ را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ اي اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻫﺪ‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ آن اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬1-3-7
A) For maximum normal operating pressure less
than 1.5 barg (except item “H” below):
Whichever is greater:
‫ ﺑﺎر‬1/5 ‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ )ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺑﻨﺪ )ح( زﻳﺮ( ﻫﺮﻛﺪام ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
- 3.5 bar gage, or
- Flare design pressure if the vessel is
connected to flare.
B) For maximum normal operating pressures
between 1.5 and 20 barg , use the maximum
normal operating gage pressure +2 bar .
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻳﺎ‬3/5
-
‫ اﮔﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ وﺻﻞ‬،‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‬
.‫ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
-
‫ ﺑﺎر‬20 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1/5 ‫ب ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ از ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬2 ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
31
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
C) For maximum normal operating pressures
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﺑﺎر‬80 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬20 ‫ج ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻴﻦ‬
between 20 and 80 barg , use 110% of the
‫ درﺻﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي‬110 ‫ از‬،‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
maximum normal operating gage pressure .
D) For maximum normal operating pressures
between 80 and 140 barg , use the
maximum normal operating gage pressure
+8 bar (see Note 2).
‫ ﺑﺎر‬140 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬80 ‫د( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻴﻦ‬
E) For maximum normal operating pressures
above 140 barg , use the maximum normal
operating gage pressure + 5% (see Note 2 ).
‫ ﺑﺎر‬140 ‫ﻫ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﻻي‬
‫ از ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
.(‫ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬2 ‫ درﺻﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد)ﻳﺎدآوري‬5 ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
F) Equipment normally operated under vacuum
shall be designed for full vacuum and for
the highest pressure which the equipment
can experience in case of vacuum system
failure, (see Note 3).
‫و( ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ و ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎري ﻛﻪ در ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ در‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﺮاﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻼء اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
.(‫ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬3 ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ )ﻳﺎدآوري‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ از ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ‬
.(‫ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬2 ‫ ﺑﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد )ﻳﺎدآوري‬8 ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
Full vacuum shall be specified for isolable
equipment containing fluid having a vapor
pressure lower than atmospheric pressure at
ambient temperature.
‫ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺎوي ﺳﻴﺎل ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻓﺸﺎر آﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ در‬
.‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬،‫دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
For equipment operated under vacuum,
minimum internal pressure shall be 3.5 barg.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
.‫ ﺑﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬3/5 ‫داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
For vacuum rating designation, pressure
shall be noted as external.
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺧﻼء‬
.‫ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
G) For vessels operating under atmospheric
pressure, use hydrostatic (water) pressure +
50 mm Water column (see Note 4) .
‫ز ( ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﻮ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ از ﻓﺸﺎر‬
H) For atmospheric storage vessels/tanks
operated under blanketed gas:
‫ﻣﺨﺎزن ذﺧﻴﺮه اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﻳﻚ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ‬/‫ح( ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع آب‬50 ‫اﻳﺴﺘﺎي آب ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.(‫ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬4 ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد )ﻳﺎدآوري‬
:‫ﮔﺎز ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
-
For seal pressure lower than 100 mm of
H2O tank design pressure shall be
hydrostatic Pressure considering the
tank full of liquid plus 150 mm of H2O,
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب‬100 ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر آب ﺑﻨﺪي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر اﻳﺴﺘﺎي آب ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‬
،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬150 ‫ﻣﺨﺰن ﭘﺮ از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻌﻼوه‬
-
-
For seal pressure not higher than 400
mm of H2O, tank design pressure shall
be according to API 620.
،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب‬400 ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر آب ﺑﻨﺪي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬API 620 ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ‬
-
Notes:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
The following design notes shall be taken into
consideration for establishing design pressure:
1)
‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ در‬
.‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
In case of equipment connected in series,
without block valves in between, the
design pressure for the upstream
‫ ﺑﺪون ﺷﻴﺮ اﻧﺴﺪاد‬،‫در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺳﺮي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫در ﺑﻴﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ‬
32
(1
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
2)
3)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
equipment shall be the same as the design
pressure for the downstream equipment
(equipped with safety valve) increased by
120% of the pressure drop foreseen
between the two equipment, under safety
valve discharge accordingly.
‫ﻣﺴﺎوي ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ )ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ درﺻﺪ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﻴﺶ‬120 ‫ﺷﻴﺮ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻴﻦ دوﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
When design pressure lower than 110%
max. operating pressure is specified,
safety valves blow down shall be
selected accordingly .
‫ درﺻﺪ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬110 ‫( زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬2
‫ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬
Design for vacuum :
:‫( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻼ‬3
a) Steam drums shall be designed for
full vacuum conditions.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺨﺎر آب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
b) Vacuum design conditions shall not be
required as consequence of equipment
block-in after steam out operation.
However, vacuum conditions shall be
studied during start-up, shut-down and
regeneration and shall be considered
for
equipment
design
where
applicable.
‫ب ( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻼء ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪ اﻧﺴﺪاد‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﭘﺲ از ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺨﺎر زﻧﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در‬،‫ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد‬.‫ﻧﻤﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ و اﺣﻴﺎ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﻃﻮل راه اﻧﺪازي‬
‫ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ در‬،‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
.‫ﺻﻮرت ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
c) Due consideration shall be taken to
establish external design pressure
for vessels subject to internal
pressure but connected to the
suction of compressor or other
evacuating equipment .
‫ج( ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺮاي‬
d) Exchangers operating under a
vacuum shall be designed for full
vacuum.
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫د( ﻣﺒﺪﻟﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
e) Low pressure vessels that may be
affected by decreasing in ambient
temperature shall be designed for
such vacuum conditions. As an
example, main column overhead
receivers which are operating at low
pressure and receive feed from air
cooled exchanger.
‫ﻫ( ﻇﺮوف ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬
f) Vacuum design shall be specified
for vessels which normally operate
liquid full and can be blocked in and
cooled down.
‫و( ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎدي ﭘﺮ از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺎر‬
‫ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻓﺸﺎر دروﻧﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
.‫وﺻﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬.‫ﭼﻨﺎن ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي ﺑﺮج‬
‫ﻛﻪ در ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ و ﺧﻮراك ﺧﻮد را‬
.‫از ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ و ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺪود ﺷﺪه و ﺳﺮد‬
.‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
g) Vacuum design shall be specified
for fractionators and associated
equipment that can undergo a
vacuum condition through the loss
of heat input.
‫ز( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻛﻪ در اﺛﺮ از دﺳﺖ دادن ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻋﻤﺎل‬،‫ورودي ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻣﻴﺮﺳﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺷﻮد‬
33
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
4)
5)
6)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Same criteria is applied for the design of
atmospheric storage tanks (without gas
blanketing).
‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺎزن ذﺧﻴﺮه‬
The set pressure of the relief valve must
be lower than or equal to the equipment
design pressure.
‫ ( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﺮ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺑﺎ‬5
( 4
.‫آﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﻳﻚ )ﺑﺪون ﮔﺎز ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻲ( اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
In case of fractionators and towers:
:‫( در ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ‬6
- Design pressure of the main column
and connected side strippers shall be
calculated based on the column bottom
maximum normal operating pressure.
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮج اﺻﻠﻲ و ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
.‫ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
-
- Bottom maximum normal operating
pressure shall include allowance for
hydrostatic head (HHL Level) and
pressure drop across trays and / or
internals.
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎظ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻳﺴﺘﺎي آب )ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي‬
‫ﻳﺎ اﺟﺰا داﺧﻠﻲ‬/‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ( و اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر در ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
-
- Design pressure of the overhead
condenser and reflux drum shall be
calculated based on the column top
maximum normal operating pressure.
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي و ﻇﺮف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬
.‫ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﻻي ﺑﺮج ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
-
- Design pressure of the bottom reboiler
shall be calculated based on the
column bottom maximum normal
operating pressure plus static head.
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج ﺑﻪ‬
.‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻳﺴﺘﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
-
7.3.2 Design temperature
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬2-3-7
a) Unless otherwise specified by the Company
for special cases, equipment design
temperature shall be established according
to the following criteria:
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬،‫ﺣﺎﻻت وﻳﮋه‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ زﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬
34
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Operating Temperature(OT)
(OT) ‫دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Design Temperature (DT), Min./ Max.
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬/‫( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬DT) ‫دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬

Less than – 100 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬-100 ‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬-
- Min . oper . temp ./ 85 ºC min.
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬85 ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬/‫ دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬-

Between – 40 ºC and –100 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬-100 ‫ و‬-40 ‫ ﺑﻴﻦ‬-
- 100 ºC/85 ºC min.
Between – 30 ºC and – 39 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬-39 ‫ و‬-30 ‫ ﺑﻴﻦ‬-
- 45 ºC/85 ºC min.

Between – 29 ºC and +60 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬+60 ‫ و‬-29 ‫ ﺑﻴﻦ‬-
- Min. oper. temp. /85 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬85/‫ دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬-

Between + 60 ºC and 343 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬+343 ‫ و‬+60 ‫ ﺑﻴﻦ‬-
- Max. oper. temp. +25 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬25 + ‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬-

Above 343 ºC
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬343 ‫ ﺑﺎﻻي‬-
- To be specified according to the selected
material and process requirement .
.‫ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺟﻨﺲ اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ و ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ‬-

‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬85 ‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬/ -100 ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬85/ -45 -
b) The
design
temperature
is
determined for the maximum
temperature coincident with the
design pressure as determined above.
Indicate any higher temperatures as
alternate design conditions.
‫ب( دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬
c) The overhead receivers and relevant
pumps casing shall be designed for
operating temperature plus 25 ºC or
the overhead maximum operating
temperature of upstream columns,
whichever is greater.
‫ج( درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي و ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪﻫﺎي‬
d) Columns with fired feed heater with /
without side cut strippers in the zone
between the drawoff trays of two
adjacent side cuts, the design
temperature shall be the drawoff
temperature of the heavier side cut
plus 25 ºC. In the zone between the
heaviest side cut drawoff tray and the
bottom of the column, the design
temperature shall be the flash zone
temperature plus 25 ºC.
‫ﺑﺪون‬/‫د( ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ دار ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎ‬
e)
‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه‬
‫ دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬.‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﻮد‬
‫ درﺟﻪ‬25 ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻳﺎ دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي‬
.‫ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ دﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻫﺮﻛﺪام ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ دﻣﺎي‬،‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ دوﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
‫ در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ‬.‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬25 ‫ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
،‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ و ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج‬
‫دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻣﺎي ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬25
For the fractionators with reboiler,
the design temperature shall be the
reboiler return temperature plus 25
ºC.
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬،‫ﻫ ( ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه‬
25 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.3.3 Purging equipment with steam
For equipment subject to steam purging at
start-up or shut-down, indication shall be
given on the specification sheet.
‫ ﮔﺎز زداﻳﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر‬3-3-7
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﻣﻌﺮض ﮔﺎز زداﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر در راه اﻧﺪازي ﻳﺎ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺑﺪان اﺷﺎره ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺗﻮﻗﻒ‬
35
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬4-7
7.4 Corrosion
7.4.1 The minimum corrosion allowance
shall be 1.6 mm for sweet service and 3.2
mm for sour service, unless specified
otherwise.
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﺮش ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬1-4-7
7.4.2 No corrosion allowance shall be
provided in high alloy vessels.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف ﭘﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬2-4-7
7.4.3 Unless otherwise specified, vessel
corrosion allowance shall be provided to all
exposed surfaces of nonremovable internal
parts and half this amount to surface of
removable parts (except demister wire,
column packing, etc.).
‫ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮاردي ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬3-4-7
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ‬3/2 ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﺮش ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬1/6
.‫ﻏﻴﺮ از آن ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﻮح ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي اﺟﺰاء‬
‫داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻧﺼﻒ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ اﻋﻤﺎل‬
.(‫ ﭘﺮﻛﻦ ﺑﺮج و ﻏﻴﺮه‬،‫ﺷﻮد )ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺳﻴﻢ ذره ﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬5-7
7.5 Design Load
7.5.1 Loadings
‫ ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاريﻫﺎ‬1-5-7
Loadings to be considered in designing a
vessel shall be per the ASME Code Section
VIII and shall include cyclic conditions and
erection loadings.
‫ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاري ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻇﺮف در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻮده و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬ASME SEC VIII ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
.‫ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﻲ و ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاري اﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬2-5-7
7.5.2 Additional loadings
Vessels containing circulating suspensions
of solids in fluids (fluid-solids processes)
shall be subjected to additional horizontal
loadings.
‫ﻇﺮوف ﺣﺎوي ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﭼﺮﺧﺸﻲ در ﺳﻴﺎﻟﻬﺎ )ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﺟﺎﻣﺪات( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺑﺎر اﻓﻘﻲ اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
or
‫ راه اﻧﺪازي ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬،‫ در ﻃﻮل ﻧﺼﺐ‬3-5-7
During erection, start-up, or operation, all
applicable loads shall be considered as
acting simultaneously, including either
wind or earthquake, whichever governs.
‫ راه اﻧﺪازي ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬،‫ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﻤﺎل در ﻃﻮل ﻧﺼﺐ‬
‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎد ﻳﺎ زﻟﺰﻟﻪ ﻫﺮﻛﺪام ﻛﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن‬
.‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.5.3 During
operation
erection,
start-up,
‫ در ﻃﻮل آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻴﺪرواﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬4-5-7
7.5.4 During hydrostatic testing
During hydrostatic testing, wind load (wind
pressure) equivalent to 58 km/h (16 m/s)
wind speed shall be considered acting
simultaneously with the hydrostatic test
load.
‫ ﺑﺎر ﺑﺎد )ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎد( ﻣﻌﺎدل‬،‫در ﻃﻮل آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻴﺪرواﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ( ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت‬16) ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬58 ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬
.‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻴﺪرواﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻣﻮاد‬6-7
7.6 Materials
7.6.1 Materials shall be per ASME Code
Section VIII or as specified on the Vessel
Data Sheet. Proposals to use any other
materials shall be submitted to purchaser
for approval by Owner’s Engineer.
ASME Section ‫ ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬1-6-7
‫ ﻳﺎ آﻧﭽﻪ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻇﺮف ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه‬VIII
‫ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار‬.‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
7.6.2 Material production shall be by the
‫ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﻛﻮره اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ‬2-6-7
36
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
electric furnace, basic oxygen, or open
hearth processes.
.‫اﻛﺴﻴﮋن ﻳﺎ آﺗﺸﺪان روﺑﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.6.3 Proposals to use materials having a
specified maximum tensile strength greater
than 620 MPa at room temperature shall be
submitted to purchaser for approval by the
Company.
‫ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮادي ﻛﻪ داراي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬3-6-7
7.6.4 For vessels in hydrogen service,
external welded attachments, and at least a
450 mm course of all skirts, shall be of the
same nominal chemistry as the material
used for the vessel. Proposals to use
alternative materials shall be submitted to
purchaser for approval by the Company.
‫ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺎت ﺟﻮﺷﻲ‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﻴﺪروژن‬4-6-7
‫ ﻣﮕﺎ ﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل در دﻣﺎي اﺗﺎق‬620 ‫اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﻛﺸﺶ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از‬
.‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از داﻣﻦ‬450 ‫ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
.‫ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﻣﺎده ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ‬
.‫ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
7.6.5 All carbon steel and low alloy
material used in sour service shall comply
with, but not be limited to the requirements
of NACE Standard MR0103, MR0175/ISO
15156-3 CIR 2.
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﻮﻻدﻫﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺳﺎده و ﻛﻢ آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬5-6-7
‫در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﺮش ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺪود از اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
MR0103, MR0175/ISO 15156-3 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬NACE
.‫ ﭘﻴﺮوي ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬CIR 2
‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺳﺎزي‬7-7
7.7 Documentation
A manufacturer’s data report shall be
furnished, and shall contain the same
information as required by form U-1 of the
ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1. If
the vessel is constructed for use at a
location where the ASME Code is not
mandatory (if approved by the Company),
it shall be noted on the form that the vessel
does not carry an ASME Code symbol.
‫ﮔﺰارش اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺎوي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬
ASME ‫ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬U-1 ‫ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﻣﺜﻞ آﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮم‬
‫ اﮔﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در‬.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1 ‫ ﺑﺨﺶ‬Section VIII
‫ اﺟﺒﺎري ﻧﻴﺴﺖ )اﮔﺮ‬ASME ‫ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﻮد( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻓﺮم ﻳﺎدآوري ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ‬
.‫ ﭘﻴﺮوي ﻧﻤﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬ASME ‫ﻇﺮف از ﻋﻼﺋﻢ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ‬8-7
7.8 Internals
7.8.1 All gas scrubbers, contactors and
separators shall be provided with 316
Stainless Steel wire mesh mist eliminator
(s) of 150 mm minimum thickness,
adequately supported and fastened to
prevent
displacement
under
surge
conditions.
‫ ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺗﻤﺎس و‬،‫ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز‬1-8-7
7.8.2 All demister pads shall be fabricated
in sections to permit their removal through
manways, where applicable.
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬2-8-7
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺬف ﻛﻦ)ﻫﺎي( ﻗﻄﺮات ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻓﻮﻻد‬
‫ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬150 ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ‬316 ‫زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻲ و اﺗﺼﺎل ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬
.‫ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻮﺳﺎن‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺻﻮرت اﻣﻜﺎن ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ از درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو‬
.‫ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.8.3 The following criteria should be
considered in vessels, tower’s internal
design:
a)
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻇﺮوف و‬3-8-7
:‫اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
The minimum thickness of
removable tray plates shall be 2
mm. Any corrosion allowance
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه‬.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬2
37
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
specified for the tray parts under
consideration shall be added to this
thickness. Active devices may be
less than 2 mm thick for process
reasons.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
.‫ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺘﺤﺮك ﺑﻪ دﻻﻳﻞ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬2 ‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
b) Each tray shall be designed for an
upward pressure differential and
shall be specified in the data sheet.
‫ب ( ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر رو ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
c) Valve type proprietary tray designs
shall have been tested by
Fractional Research Incorporated
and shall be of a type approved by
the Company.
‫ج ( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﺮدار ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
.‫ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬
‫( آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺪه و‬FRI) ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ‬
.‫ﻧﻮع آن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬
Trays with the capped perforated
areas are not acceptable.
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻮراخدار ﻛﻼﻫﻜﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل‬
.‫ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫د ( ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ‬
d) Thickness
d.1) Minimum thickness for 13 Cr.
Monel and 18/8 Stainless Steel
assemblies shall be as follows:
،‫ ﻛﺮم‬13 ‫( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺑﺮاي آﻟﻴﺎژ‬1-‫د‬
:‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬18/8 ‫ﻣﻮﻧﻞ و ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن‬
Tray and related components
2 mm
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و اﺟﺰاء ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬
Support ring, Downcomer bars and Parts
welded to vessel
‫ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﺎودان ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮف‬
‫ﺟﻮش ﺷﺪه‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬2
6 mm when alloy 10 mm
when Carbon Steel
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ‬10 ،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ آﻟﻴﺎژ‬6
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺳﺎده‬
3 mm
Other Parts
‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬
d.2) Minimum thickness for Carbon
Steel assemblies shall be as follows:
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬3
‫( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬2-‫د‬
:‫ﺳﺎده ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Tray and related components
2 mm
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و اﺟﺰاء ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬
Support rings, Downcomer bars and Parts
welded to vessel
10 mm
‫ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﺎودان و ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻇﺮف ﺟﻮش ﺷﺪه‬
3 mm
Other Parts
‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬
38
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ﻫ ( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز‬
e) Corrosion Allowance
e.1) No corrosion allowance is
required for Monel or Stainless Steel
assemblies.
‫( ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮﻧﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز‬1 ‫ﻫ ـ‬
e.2) The corrosion allowance for all
surfaces of floor beams trusses or other
support members of Carbon Steel
assemblies shall be 1 mm minimum.
‫( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﭘﺎي‬2 ‫ﻫ ـ‬
.‫ﻻزم ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻒ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺳﺎده‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
‫و ( ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاري‬
f) Loading
f.1) The design live load for tray
assemblies at operating temperatures
shall be based on a liquid height of
50 mm above weirs at a density of
800 kg/m³, with a minimum of 100
kg per square meter. For areas under
downcomers design live load shall
be 100 kg per square meter.
‫( ﺑﺎر زﻧﺪه ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬1-‫و‬
f.2) For maintenance purposes, all
assemblies shall be designed for a
concentrated load of 135 kg at any
point.
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر‬،‫( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮات‬2-‫و‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻟﺒﻪ ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ‬50 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
100 ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬،‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬800 ‫ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻄﻮح زﻳﺮ ﻧﺎودان ﻫﺎ‬.‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬100 ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎر زﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬135 ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ‬
7.8.4 Trays in columns 900 mm inside
diameter and greater shall incorporate
manways.
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬900 ‫ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺎي در ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ‬4-8-7
7.8.5 All internal manways shall be
designed to be opened from either side of
the tray and shall be gasketed to prevent
leakage of liquids.
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬5-8-7
7.8.6 Tray spacing is recommended to be
610 mm.
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬610 ‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ‬6-8-7
7.8.7 Trays shall be bolted to support rings
and not welded to the vessel wall and shall
be in bolted sections to facilitate their
removal through vessel manways.
‫ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﭘﻴﭻ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ‬7-8-7
7.8.8 For columns less than 900 mm inside
diameter, cartridge trays shall be employed
and vessel break flanges shall be provided
to facilitate tray package removal.
،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬900 ‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬8-8-7
7.8.9 Impingement plates attached to shell
or baffles shall be provided where severe
erosion may occur, such as opposite inlet
connections. These and all internal
supports shall be attached with full fillet
seal welds.
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ‬9-8-7
.‫و ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ از ﻫﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎز ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻧﺸﺘﻲ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻻﻳﻲ دار ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫دﻳﻮاره ﻇﺮف ﺟﻮش ﻧﺸﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي ﭘﻴﭻ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ از درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﻛﺸﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻜﺎر روﻧﺪ و ﻓﻠﻨﺞ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺮاي‬
.‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ در ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
،‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻴﻐﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻨﻬﺎ و ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي اﺟﺰاء‬.‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﺗﺼﺎل ورودي‬
‫داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮش ﭘﺮﻛﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻧﺸﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬
.‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
39
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
7.8.10 Vortex breakers shall be provided
on liquid bottom outlet nozzles from
vessels as follows:
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ ﮔﺮداب ﺷﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در‬10-8-7
:‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻇﺮف ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
a) Pump suction connection;
‫اﻟﻒ( اﺗﺼﺎل ﻣﻜﺶ ﭘﻤﭗ؛‬
b) Vessels where two liquid phases may
be present.
‫ب ( ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ دوﻓﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‬9-7
7.9 Miscellaneous Requirements
DN 40 ‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﺎﻻي‬1-9-7
7.9.1 All nozzles except process nozzles
over DN 40 (1-½") shall be flanged.
Process nozzles' size shall be minimum DN
25 (1") and all connections shall be
flanged. Connections DN 40 (1-½") and
smaller may be made with forged steel
couplings. Such connections shall be
limited to vessels for which the design
pressure and temperature is less than 42
bar(ga) (600 psig) and 232°C (450°F)
respectively. Couplings shall be 420
bar(ga) (6000 psig) rating for DN 40 (1½") and smaller connections. Couplings
shall not be used in lined portions of alloy
lined vessels, on bottom heads of vertical
vessels. Threaded fittings or tapped holes
are not permitted. The minimum size of
nozzles shall be DN 25 (1"), except that for
alloy lined nozzles the minimum size is DN
40 (1-½"). For vessels in hydrogen service
minimum size connection shall be DN 25
(1") and all connections shall be flanged.
1
‫ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫اﻳﻨﭻ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﻠﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬1 )
2
.‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( و ﺗﻤﺎم اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﻓﻠﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1) DN 25 ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
1
‫اﻳﻨﭻ( و ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ از اﺗﺼﺎل‬1 ) DN 40 ‫اﺗﺼﺎﻻت‬
2
‫ اﻳﻦ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ‬.‫ﻗﺎﻟﺒﻲ ﻓﻮﻻدي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
600) ‫ ﺑﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬42 ‫ﻓﺸﺎر و دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( دارﻧﺪ‬450) ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬232 ‫ ( و‬psig
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬420‫ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬.‫ﻣﺤﺪود ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
1
‫اﻳﻨﭻ( و‬1 ) DN 40 ‫ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﺑﺮاي اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺑﺎ‬6000 psig)
2
‫ در ﻛﻠﮕﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻇﺮوف ﻋﻤﻮدي‬.‫ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫آﺳﺘﺮ دار آﻟﻴﺎژي در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ آﺳﺘﺮ دار ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از اﺗﺼﺎﻻت اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬.‫( ﻣﺠﺎز ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬tap)‫ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت رزوهاي ﻳﺎ ﺳﻮراخ‬.‫ﻛﺮد‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي‬،‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1) DN 25 ‫اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
1
.‫اﻳﻨﭻ( دارﻧﺪ‬1 ) DN 40 ‫آﺳﺘﺮدار آﻟﻴﺎژي ﻛﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻧﺪازه‬
2
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﻴﺪروژن ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻧﺪازه اﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻤﺎم اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﻓﻠﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1) DN 25
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و‬900 (ID) ‫ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ‬2-9-7
7.9.2 All vessels 900 mm inside diameter
(ID) or greater shall be provided with at
least one 508 mm inside diameter manhole
opening. Davits or hinges shall be provided
for handling manhole covers.
508 ‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻳﻚ درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ‬
‫ ﮔﻴﺮه ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻤﻞ در‬.‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
7.9.3 Vessels less than 900 mm inside
diameter shall be provided with two 168.3
mm outside diameter (OD) hand holes
unless otherwise specified.
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬900 ‫ در ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬3-9-7
7.9.4 Vessel vents, drains and steam out
nozzles shall be independent of the normal
process flow lines and shall be in
accordance with the following criteria:
‫ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ و ﻧﺎزل‬،‫ ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬4-9-7
168/3 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دو درﻳﭽﻪ دﺳﺖ رو ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد ﻣﮕﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ از آن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺑﺨﺎرزﻧﻲ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ از ﺧﻄﻮط ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﻮده و‬
:‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
40
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Vessel Volume (m3)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Vent size
Drain size
Steam-out Nozzle
‫اﻧﺪازه ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
‫اﻧﺪازه ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻧﺎزل ﺑﺨﺎرزﻧﻲ‬
V<45, D<1200
DN 40 (1½”)
DN 40 (1½”)
DN 25 (1”)
45<V<75, 1200<D<2500
DN 50 (2”)
DN 50 (2”)
DN 40 (1½”)
45<V<75, 2500<D<3500
DN 80 (3”)
DN 80 (3”)
DN 40 (1½”)
45<V<75, 3500<D<4500
DN 100 (4”)
DN 80 (3”)
DN 50 (2”)
75<V<220, 4500<D<6000
DN 100 (4”)
DN 80 (3”)
DN 80 (3”)
220<V<420, D>6000
DN 100 (4”)
DN 100 (4”)
DN 80 (3”)
V>420, D>6000
DN 150 (6”)
DN 100 (4”)
DN 100 (4”)
and ID (mm)
(‫( و ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬m3) ‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﻇﺮف‬
Drain connections shall be flushed with the
bottom of the vessel. These and internal
siphon drains shall as a minimum be
Schedule 160 pipe.
.‫ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮي اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻒ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻧﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮد‬160 schedule ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
7.9.5 Provide one(1) manway in single
cross-flow trays, two(2) manways in
double cross-flow trays, removable from
above and below. Manways shall be as
close to tray centerline as possible and as
nearly aligned as practicable.
‫( درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو در ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺗﻚ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬1)‫ ﻳﻚ‬5-9-7
‫( درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو در ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬2)‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ و دو‬
.‫دوﺗﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﺑﺎﻻ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ اﻣﻜﺎن‬
.‫ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﺑﻮده ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺗﺮاز ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
7.9.6 All trays are equipped with one
manway top and bottom removable for
each liquid flow as per 7.9.5 above, except
where the free space between tray and
beams are less than 400 mm. In this case
manways are to be provided on both sides
of beams.
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ‬6-9-7
‫ ﺑﺎﻻ‬5-9-7 ‫از ﺑﺎﻻ و ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي آزاد ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و ﺗﻴﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ در اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو در ﻫﺮ‬400 ‫از‬
.‫دو ﻃﺮف ﺗﻴﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
7.9.7 Specification sheets of reactors shall
contain but not be limited to, the following
information:
‫ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺪود‬،‫ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺎوي‬7-9-7
:‫ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
a) Capacity.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ؛‬
b) Space velocity (normal and design
conditions).
‫ب ( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﻲ )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛‬
c) Conversion per pass (normal and
design conditions).
‫ج ( ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ در ﻫﺮ ﻋﺒﻮر )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛‬
d) Design-temperature and pressure.
design
‫ﻫ ( ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛‬
f) Reactor pressure drop (SOR & EOR).
‫ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن دوره(؛‬،‫و ( اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر رآﻛﺘﻮر )ﺷﺮوع دوره‬
e)
Recycling
conditions).
(normal
and
‫د ( دﻣﺎ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ؛‬
g) Reactor bed design and bed life.
‫ز ( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رآﻛﺘﻮر و ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ؛‬
41
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
h) Catalyst and it’s characteristics.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ح ( ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت آن؛‬
i) Reactor inlet & outlet conditions
(normal and design conditions).
‫ط ( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و‬
j) Reactor bed temperature profile, etc.
(normal and design conditions).
‫ي ( ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رآﻛﺘﻮر و ﻏﻴﺮه )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛‬
k) Reactor lining.
‫ك ( آﺳﺘﺮي رآﻛﺘﻮر؛‬
l) Corrosion allowance.
‫ل ( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز؛‬
m) Process fluid complete physical
properties (normal and design
conditions).
‫م ( ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺎل ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛‬
n) Operating and design conditions.
‫ن ( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ؛‬
o) Stress relieving and insulation.
‫س ( ﺗﻨﺶ زداﻳﻲ و ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﺑﻨﺪي؛‬
p) Materials of construction.
،‫ع ( ﻣﻮاد ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
q) Stress relieving.
‫ف ( ﺗﻨﺶ زداﻳﻲ ؛‬
r) Insulation requirements.
‫ص ( اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﺑﻨﺪي؛‬
s) Type of trays.
t)
Tray numbers
columns.
‫ق ( ﻧﻮع ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ؛‬
and
details
for
‫ر ( ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ و ﺟﺰﻳﻴﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ؛‬
u) Pedestal height.
‫ش ( ارﺗﻔﺎع ﭘﺎﻳﻪ؛‬
v) Details of special internals such as
pans, distributors, etc.
‫ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ‬،‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬،‫ت ( ﺟﺰﻳﻴﺎت اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ وﻳﮋه از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ‬
w) Mist eliminators, supports, mesh or
packing, etc
‫ ﺗﻮري ﻳﺎ آﻛﻨﺪه و‬،‫ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪهﻫﺎ‬،‫ث ( ﺣﺬف ﻛﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﺮه‬
x) Basic recommendation for spares for
commissioning
and
2
years
operation.
-‫خ ( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫــﺎي اوﻟﻴــﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮازم ﻳﺪﻛـﻲ ﺑﺮاي راه‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﻏﻴﺮه؛‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮه؛‬
‫ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ؛‬2 ‫اﻧﺪازي و ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬
y) Instrumentation requirements.
‫ذ ( اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ادوات اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ؛‬
‫ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬8-9-7
7.9.8 Internals for fixed bed reactors
7.9.8.1 Table G.1 of Appendix G lists the
basic practices and standards which may be
used as an acceptable typical material for
fixed bed reactor internals.
‫ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
.‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎه ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
7.9.8.2 Design requirements are as follows:
:‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬2-8-9-7
‫ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ از اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت‬،(‫ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ز‬1-‫ ﺟﺪول ز‬1-8-9-7
42
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
a) Vessel internals which contribute to
the total reactor height shall be
designed for minimum height.
Similar parts shall be interchangeable
where possible.
‫اﻟﻒ( اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﻇﺮف ﻛﻪ در ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ارﺗﻔﺎع رآﻛﺘﻮر‬
‫ در‬.‫ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﺻﻮرت اﻣﻜﺎن اﺟﺰاء ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
b) All internals, except shrouds, shall be
removable with vertical thermowells
in place, and shall be designed to
pass through the nearest manhole
above their level.
‫ب ( ﺗﻤﺎم اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻮري ﻫﺎي ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﭘﻴﺮاﻣﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﭼﺎﻫﻚ ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻤﻮدي در ﻣﺤﻞ‬
‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺒﻮر از‬،‫ﺧﻮد‬
‫ﻧﺰدﻳﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎن‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
c) All removable internals shall be
designed to permit installation and
removal from the top side.
‫ج ( ﺗﻤﺎم اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ و ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ از ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
.‫ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
d) Screens shall be attached on top of
grids and catalyst support hardware
to prevent inerts and catalyst from:
‫د ( ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه‬
‫ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ از ﺑﺮوز ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ ﺑﺮاي‬
:‫ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ و ﻣﻮاد ﺧﻨﺜﻲ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدد‬
1) Falling through holes or slot
openings.
.‫( اﻓﺘﺎدن از ﻣﻴﺎن ﺳﻮراﺧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻜﺎف‬1
2) Blocking clearances in support
hardware that are required for
thermal expansion.
‫( اﻧﺴﺪاد ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﻠﺰي ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻛﻪ‬2
.‫ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز اﻧﺒﺴﺎط ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ ﺑﺎرﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬3-8-9-7
7.9.8.3 Loads are as below:
a) Reactor internals shall be designed to
support their own mass plus specified
design live loads. For trays and
decks, this design shall be based on a
corroded thickness of 1.5 mm.
b)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫اﻟﻒ( اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ وزن‬
‫ﺧﻮدﺷﺎن ﺑﻌﻼوه ﺑﺎر زﻧﺪه ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ را ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ و ﺳﻄﻮح‬.‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1/5 ‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺧﻮرده ﺷﺪه‬
Maximum deviation from the
horizontal for liquid distributor trays
under loaded conditions shall not
exceed 1/900 of the reactor diameter.
‫ب ( ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ اﻧﺤﺮاف اﻓﻘﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
1
.‫ﻗﻄﺮ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺑﺎردار ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از‬
900
‫ج ( ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮات‬
c) Maintenance loads
Support members as defined in Table
G.3 of Appendix G shall be designed
for a concentrated live load of 135 kg
at any point based on the allowable
stress. This design shall be based on
the corroded thickness of the support
members; i.e., total thickness
excluding corrosion allowance.
‫ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬3-‫اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺟﺪول ز‬
‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﺮ‬135 ‫)ز( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎر ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ زﻧﺪه‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬.‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺧﻮرده ﺷﺪه اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه‬
.‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎي ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
43
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
7.9.8.4 Minimum metal thickness and
corrosion allowance as:
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
:‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ و ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬4-8-9-7
a) For internals fabricated from sheet,
plate, or strip; and for internal piping,
the minimum acceptable total metal
thickness
(including
corrosion
allowance) is given in Table G.2 of
Appendix G for the specified Corrosion
Design Category and Vessel Shell
Corrosion Allowance (or Metal Lining
or Cladding Thickness). Unless
otherwise specified, Corrosion Design
Category "10 yr" shall be used.
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮار‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه از ورق‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬،‫و ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ‬
2-‫ﻗﺒﻮل ﻓﻠﺰ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز( در ﺟﺪول ز‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ز( ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ وﻳﮋه ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ و‬
‫ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ )ﻳﺎ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ آﺳﺘﺮي ﻓﻠﺰ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ دﺳﺘﻪ‬.‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ روﻛﺶ( ﻇﺮف داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
،‫ ﺳﺎل" ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬10" ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﮕﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ از آن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬
b) Supporting members formed as an
integral part of the tray deck shall
have the same total thickness as the
tray.
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ‬،‫ب ( اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺰء ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬
c) The Total Corrosion Allowance
(TCA) to be added to the design
thickness of support members (major
beams, supporting, etc.) is given in
Table G.3 of Appendix G for the
specified Corrosion Design Category
and
Vessel
Shell
Corrosion
Allowance (or Metal Lining or
Cladding Thickness).
‫( ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬TCA) ‫ج ( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲ را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺴﺎوي‬
.‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
(‫ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه و ﻏﻴﺮه‬،‫اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه )ﺗﻴﺮﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ز( ﺑﺮاي‬3-‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد در ﺟﺪول ز‬
‫دﺳﺘﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ وﻳﮋه و ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز‬
‫ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ )ﻳﺎ آﺳﺘﺮي ﻓﻠﺰي ﻳﺎ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ روﻛﺶ( داده‬
.‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
7.9.8.5 Distributor trays, quench decks,
splash decks, and bed support grids as:
،‫ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮد ﺳﺎزي‬،‫ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬5-8-9-7
‫ﺳﻄﻮح رﻳﺰش و ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ‬
:‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ و ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬،‫ ﺳﻄﻮح‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ‬
1
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ) اﻳﻨﭻ( ﮔﺮد‬5 ‫زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎزه‬
4
.‫ﺷﻮد‬
a) The nominal diameter of trays, decks,
and grids shall be determined to the
nearest 5 mm (¼ inch) per the
following:
Diameter = Vessel ID - [1% Vessel ID + 19 mm (¾ inch)]
((‫اﻳﻨﭻ‬
3
) ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬19 + ‫درﺻﺪ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻇﺮف‬1) – ‫ﻗﻄﺮ = ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻇﺮف‬
4
b) A minimum of 19 mm (¾ inch) overlap
under the most adverse operating
conditions shall be provided between
the support ring and the OD of trays,
decks, and grids.
19 ‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ب ( در ﺑﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
c) Bolt hole spacing around the edge of
tray, deck, or grid sections shall not
exceed 177 mm.
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻳﺎ‬,‫ج ( ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﻮراخ ﭘﻴﭽﻬﺎ دور ﻟﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ‬
3
) ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
4
.‫ ﺳﻄﻮح و ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫اﻳﻨﭻ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه و ﻗﻄﺮ‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬177 ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از‬
44
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
d) Access through grids, decks, and
trays shall be provided either by split
construction or by use of manways,
as follows:
1)
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ و ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺳﻄﻮح‬،‫د ( دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺠﺰا ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم‬
:‫رو ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
Manways shall provide a
minimum rectangular opening of
380 × 460 mm except as
provided in Sub-par. d.2.
‫( درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮارد ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه‬1
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﻲ‬2.‫در زﻳﺮ ﺑﻨﺪ د‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬460×380
2) Access through liquid distributor
trays shall be at least 600 mm
wide, and of sufficient length to
permit catalyst leveling and
arrangement of the inert ball
layer at the top of each bed by a
man lying on the tray. Assume a
maximum reach 900 mm from
the edge of any opening.
‫( راه دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬2
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و ﻃﻮل‬600 ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻋﺮض‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺮ ﻛﺮدن ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ و‬
‫آراﻳﺶ ﻻﻳﻪ ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﻨﺜﻲ در ﺑﺎﻻي ﻫﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻚ اﻧﺴﺎن ﺧﻮاﺑﻴﺪه روي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻘﺪور‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬90 ‫ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮض اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ از ﻟﺒﻪ ﻫﺮ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد‬
‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ و ﭼﺎﻫﻚﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬6-8-9-7
7.9.8.6 Internal pipes and thermowells
- Thermowells shall be designed to
resist collapse due to pressure in the
fully corroded condition.
‫ﭼﺎﻫﻚ ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﺧﻮرده ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻣﭽﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﺪن‬
.‫ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
-
- Clearance between thermowell and
thermowell
nozzle
shall
be
minimized.
‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭼﺎﻫﻚ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ و ﻧﺎزل ﭼﺎﻫﻚ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
-
- Side entering thermowells shall be
structurally supported within the
vessel.
‫ﭼﺎﻫﻚ ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ورودي از ﻛﻨﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
.‫ﺳﺎزه در داﺧﻞ ﻇﺮف ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
-
- Internal distribution pipes shall have
flanged and gasketed connections and
shall have their ends blanked.
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﻓﻠﻨﺠﻲ‬
.‫و ﻻﻳﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
-
- Expansion guides shall be provided for
vertical thermowell installation.
،‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﭼﺎﻫﻚ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
.‫ﻏﻼف ﻫﺎي اﻧﺒﺴﺎﻃﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
-
- Tray guides shall be provided to
minimize liquid leakage at points
where thermowells or catalyst dump
tubes pass through trays. Highest
Liquid Level (HLL) will be specified.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﺪن ﻧﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻫﻜﻬﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ از‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎن ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﻮر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي‬.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬HLL)‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
-
45
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDICES
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎ‬
APPENDIX A
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ‬
TABLE A.1 - PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF VARIOUS SEPARATORS
‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬- 1-‫ﺟﺪول اﻟﻒ‬
KO DRUM
‫ﻇﺮف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
Vertical
‫ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
Horizontal
‫اﻓﻘﻲ‬
WIRE MESH
DEMISTER
‫ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
Vertical
‫ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
VANE-TYPE
DEMISTER
‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي‬
Horizontal
‫اﻓﻘﻲ‬
Vertical
‫ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
CYCLONE
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن‬
Horizontal
‫اﻓﻘﻲ‬
in-line
‫در ﺧﻂ‬
two-stage
‫دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي‬
two-stage
‫دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اي‬
VERTICAL
MULTICYCLONE
SEPARATOR
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭼﻨﺪ‬
FILTER
SEPARATOR
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲ دار‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
Gas handling max
capacity(  )
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﮔﺎز‬
turndown (max/min)
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Inf.
‫ﺑﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Inf.
‫ﺑﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
Mod.
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
4
Mod.
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
4
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
3
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
3
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
3
V. High
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد‬
2
V. High
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد‬
2
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Inf.
‫ﺑﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
80 – 90
80 – 90
> 98
> 98
> 96
> 96
> 96
> 96
> 93
> 99
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
High
‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬
High
‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
V. High
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد‬
No
‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬
No
‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬
Yes
‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬
Yes
‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬
No
‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬
Yes
‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬
Yes
‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬
Liquid handling
capacity
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
as slugs
‫ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻟﺨﺘﻪ‬
as droplets (Qmax)
(Qmax)‫ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻗﻄﺮات‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
V. High
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
V. High
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Fouling tolerance
‫رواداري رﺳﻮب‬
Sand
‫ﺷﻦ‬
Sticky material
‫ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Pressure drop
‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
V. High
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد‬
(‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬/‫)ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬
Liquid removed
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺣﺬف ﺷﺪه‬
efficiency overall, %
% ‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻛﻠﻲ‬
with respect to fine mist
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ذرات رﻳﺰ‬
flooding above

max

max*
* ‫ﻃﻐﻴﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي‬
dp
=
double-pocket vanes
sp
=
single-pocket vanes
np
=
no-pocket vanes
Inf. =
Infinity
Mod.=
Moderate
V.
Very
=
Yes, unless dp vanes are used
dp ‫ﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮه‬
V. Low
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
Mod.
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
High
‫زﻳﺎد‬
Mod.
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
V. Low if dp, Low if Sp Mod. If np.
np ‫ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﮔﺮ‬،sp ‫ ﻛﻢ اﮔﺮ‬، dp ‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ اﮔﺮ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
Low
‫ﻛﻢ‬
‫= ﭘﺮهﻫﺎي دو ﺷﻴﺎري‬
dp
‫= ﭘﺮهﻫﺎي ﺗﻚ ﺷﻴﺎري‬
sp
‫= ﭘﺮه ﺑﺪون ﺷﻴﺎر‬
np
‫= ﺑﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
Inf.
‫ = ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬Mod.
‫= ﺧﻴﻠﻲ‬
* This will cause a sharp decrease in
efficiency.
V.
.‫* اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ در ﺑﺎزده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
46
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX B
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب‬
NATURE OF THE FEED
‫ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﻮراك‬
‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻛﻒ‬1-‫ب‬
B.1 Foaming Tendency
For foaming to occur it is necessary for gas
bubbles to be formed, and for the drainage
of the liquid films surrounding the bubbles
to be retarded. Drainage of the films is
slower in highly viscous liquids, but the
chief causes of foaming are surface
properties which are usually unpredictable.
For this reason the foaming tendency is
best judged on the basis of experience of
similar cases. Laboratory tests may also
give an indication of the foaminess of the
system.
‫ﺑﺮاي اﻳﺠﺎد ﻛﻒ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻬﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪه و‬
‫ رﻳﺰش ﻻﻳﻪ در‬.‫رﻳﺰش ﻻﻳﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﻃﺮاف ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ اﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﻲ اﻳﺠﺎد‬،‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻛﻨﺪﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻒ ﺧﻮاص ﺳﻄﺤﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻛﻒ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬.‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي‬.‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪاي از اﻳﺠﺎد ﻛﻒ را در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
.‫اراﺋﻪ دﻫﻨﺪ‬
Examples of foaming systems are some
crude oils, heavy residues, absorption and
extraction solvents.
‫ ﺗﻪ‬،‫ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎم‬،‫ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎﻳﻲ از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻒزا‬
.‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ و ﺣﻼﻟﻬﺎي ﺟﺬب و اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
Foaming in the separator may lead to carryover of liquid (when foam reaches the
gas/liquid separation internal and/or the gas
outlet) or to carry-under of gas. It will also
upset the level control system.
‫ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﻳﺎ‬/ ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و‬/‫)زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻒ ﺑﻪ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ‬.‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺮﺳﺪ( ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﮔﺎز ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
.‫ﺑﻪ آﺷﻔﺘﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮد‬
Note that foaming is more likely to be a
problem at high liquid loads, when flow in
the inlet pipe is in the froth or intermittent
flow regimes.
‫ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ‬،‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ در ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
،‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ورودي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻒ زا ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪار اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ﻣﺸﻜﻞ زا ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
Installation of internals to combat foam is
normally not effective and may even be
counterproductive.
‫ﻧﺼﺐ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻧﺒﻮده و ﺣﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻜﻮس ﻧﻴﺰ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Foaming in the vessel is minimized by
decreasing the downward liquid velocity,
for instance by increasing the diameter of
the separator vessel.
‫ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ در ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ رو ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
.‫ ﻛﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬،‫اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دادن ﻗﻄﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺟﺪاﺳﺎز‬
Sometimes an antifoam agent can be
injected to suppress foaming.
‫در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻣﻮارد ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺿﺪ ﻛﻒ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ‬
.‫ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
B.2 Feeds with Solids, Wax or Coking
Tendency
‫ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮم ﻳﺎ ﻛُﻚ‬،‫ ﺧﻮراك ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات‬2-‫ب‬
‫ﺷﺪن‬
Sand, rust, scale or other solids present in
the feed will leave the separator together
with the liquid. However, solids will also
settle out in the separator and tend to
accumulate. For this reason care should be
taken with the location of instrument
connections which could become plugged.
‫ ﻫﻤﺮاه‬،‫ رﺳﻮﺑﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺧﻮراك‬،‫ زﻧﮕﺎر‬،‫ﺷﻦ‬
‫ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬.‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه را ﺗﺮك ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪات در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه و ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ دارﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ‬.‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻧﺴﺪاد دارﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
47
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Provision should be made for cleaning the
separator during shutdowns, and if
necessary during operation, by the
installation of a water spray and drain.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﺎري ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻗﻒ و در ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز در‬
.‫ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ اﻓﺸﺎﻧﻚ آب و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ زﻣﻴﻨﻲ دﻳﺪه ﺷﻮد‬
When solids are present in the feed,
consideration should be given to reducing
the inlet velocity and adding an "erosion
allowance" of 1-2 mm extra material
thickness to the inlet device (if fitted).
‫زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮراك ﺣﺎوي ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
2 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ورودي و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي "ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺠﺎز" ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه)اﮔﺮ ﺟﺎ‬
.‫ﺷﻮد( در وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ورودي در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
Wax in the feed will be deposited on any
surfaces where the velocities are low. Also,
narrow openings will tend to become
plugged.
‫ﻣﻮم در ﺧﻮراك در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻮراﺧﻬﺎي رﻳﺰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
.‫اﻧﺴﺪاد دارﻧﺪ‬
Coke will also accumulate on surfaces
where the velocities are low, and will tend
to form on any surfaces which are not
continuously wetted.
‫ﻛُﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ در ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد و‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻧﻤﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
Knock-out drums are recommended for
waxy feeds and cyclones for coking feeds.
Multicyclone
separators
and
filter
separators can handle solids as long as they
are not sticky.
‫ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮراك ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮم دار و ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ‬.‫ﺧﻮراك ﻛُﻚ دار ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات را ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه‬،‫و ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ دار‬
.‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
Vane pack separators may be used
provided the service is only slightly fouling
and the vane structure is sufficiently open.
‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻓﻘﻂ در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي‬،‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮه اي ﻣﺘﺮاﻛﻢ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮب ده و ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﭘﺮه ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
Demister mats shall not be used because of
the danger of plugging.
‫از ﺣﺼﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺧﻄﺮ اﻧﺴﺪاد ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
.‫ﺷﻮد‬
48
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX C
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ج‬
SIZING OF THE FEED AND OUTLET
NOZZLES
‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزلﻫﺎي ﺧﻮراك و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
The sizing of the nozzles shall be based on
the
ACTUAL
flow
rates
(i.e.,
EXCLUDING the appropriate design
margin).
‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻴﺰان ﺟﺮﻳﺎن واﻗﻌﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.(‫)ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ ﻧﺎزل ورودي ﺧﻮراك‬1-‫ج‬
C.1 Feed Inlet Nozzle
The internal nozzle diameter, d1, may be
taken equal to that of the feed pipe, but also
a momentum criterion (dependent on the
inlet device, if any) shall be satisfied:
‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﺴﺎوي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺧﻮراك در ﻧﻈﺮ‬d1 ،‫ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻧﺎزل‬
‫ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﻛﺖ )ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ در ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد( رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ورودي‬
If no inlet device is used:
:‫اﮔﺮ از وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ورودي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﺸﻮد‬
 m. V²m,in  1000
(Eq. C.1)
(1-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ج‬
Pa
:‫ﻛﻪ‬
Where:
 m is mean density of the mixture
‫= ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺧﻮراك‬
m
in the feed pipe
(Eq. C.2)
(2-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ج‬
(MG + ML)/(QG + QL);
‫و‬
And
‫ = ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط در ﻧﺎزل ورودي‬Vm,in
Vm,in is velocity of the mixture in the
inlet nozzle
(Eq. C.3)
(QG + QL)/(  d12 / 4).
If a half-open pipe is used as inlet device:
(Eq. C.4)
:‫اﮔﺮ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ورودي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
 m. V²m,in  1500
If a specific inlet proprietary device is
used, the respective  m.Vm,in value should
be specified.
Pa
(4-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ج‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬،‫اﮔــﺮ از وﺳﻴﻠــﻪ ورودي ﻣﺨﺼﻮص اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬ m Vm,in ‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻘـﺪار‬
‫ ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬2-‫ج‬
C.2 Gas Outlet Nozzle
The diameter of the gas outlet nozzle, d2,
should normally be taken equal to that of
the outlet pipe, but the following criterion
shall be satisfied:
(Eq. C.5)
(3-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ج‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻣﺴﺎوي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬d2 ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
:‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر زﻳﺮ رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻮد‬
 G. V²G,out  3750 Pa
In High Vacuum Units where a
precondenser is used in overhead systems,
(5-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ج‬
‫در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﺧﻼء زﻳﺎد ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﭘﻴﺶ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
49
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
this criterion may result in a high outlet
velocity, leading to a pressure drop which
is too high.
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻي‬،‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ‬
.‫ﺷﺪ‬
In that case it is recommended to size the
gas outlet nozzle such that the pressure
drop requirements between column and
downstream system are met.
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬،‫در آن ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ داده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ﮔﺎز ﻃﻮري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج و ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
.‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬3-‫ج‬
C.3 Liquid Outlet Nozzle
The diameter of the liquid outlet nozzle, d3,
shall be chosen such that the liquid velocity
does not exceed 1 m/s. The minimum
diameter is 0.05 m (2 inch). The nozzle
shall be equipped with a vortex breaker.
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻨﺎن ﻣﻘﺪاري اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬،d3 ‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ‬.‫ ﻣﺘﺮ در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬1 ‫ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از‬
‫ ﻧﺎزل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮداب ﺷﻜﻦ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ‬.‫ اﻳﻨﭻ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬2) ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ‬0/05
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
50
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX D
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ د‬
DESIGN MARGINS FOR
SEPARATOR
‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
To determine the highest envisaged
volumetric load factor for vessel design the
following design margins (surge factor) are
recommended:
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎر ﺣﺠﻤﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻈﺎر در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
‫ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ زﻳﺮ )ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻧﻮﺳﺎن( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬،‫ﻇﺮف‬
:‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ اﻛﺘﺸﺎف و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬1-‫د‬
D.1 In Exploration and Production:
D.1.1 Offshore service
Separator
handling
production from:
‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي در درﻳﺎ‬1-1-‫د‬
natural-flowing
:‫ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ از‬-‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
Design Margin
a) Its own platform;
1.2
1/2
‫اﻟﻒ( از ﺳﻜﻮي ﺧﻮد؛‬
b) Another platform or well jacket in
shallow water;
1.3
1/3 ‫ب ( ﺳﻜﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻼف ﭼﺎه در آب ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻖ؛‬
c) Another platform or well in deep
water.
1.4
1/4
Separator handling gas lifted production
from:
a) Its own platform;
:‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﺮاز آوري ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺎز از‬
1.4
b) Another platform or well jacket.
1.5
1/4
‫اﻟﻒ( از ﺳﻜﻮي ﺧﻮد؛‬
1/5
.‫ب ( ﺳﻜﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻼف ﭼﺎه‬
‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺧﺸﻜﻲ‬2-1-‫د‬
D.1.2 Onshore service
Separator
handling
natural-flowing
production, or gas plant inlet separator in:
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ورودي ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
:‫واﺣﺪ ﮔﺎز در‬
a) Flat or low rolling country;
1.2
b) Hilly country.
.‫ج ( ﺳﻜﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎه در آب ﻋﻤﻴﻖ‬
1/2
1.3
1/3
Separator handling gas lifted production in:
‫اﻟﻒ( زﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻄﺢ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ؛‬
.‫ب ( زﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﭙﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻮر‬
:‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﮔﺎز از‬
a) Flat or low rolling country;
1.4
1/4
‫اﻟﻒ( زﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻄﺢ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬
b) Hilly country.
1/5
‫ب ( زﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﭙﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻮر‬
1.5
‫ در ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮاد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬2-‫د‬
D.2 In Manufacturing Oil, Gas and in
Chemicals Manufacturing:
.‫ اﺳﺖ‬1/25 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1/15 ‫ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً از‬
The design margin ranges typically from
1.15 to 1.25.
51
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫ‬
APPENDIX E
TABLE E.1 - SEPARATOR TYPE SELECTION GUIDE
‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻮع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬1- ‫ﺟﺪول ﻫ‬
APPLICATION
Vertical
Separator
with Vane
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
1
Demister
Cyclone
‫ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫ﭘﺮه در‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺑﺎ‬
SEPARATOR TYPE
‫ﻧﻮع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
Inline
Vane
‫ﺧﻂ‬
‫ﭘﺮه‬
MultiCyclone
Filter
Filter
Separator
‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲدار‬
Gas Transmission:
:‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﮔﺎز‬
Station Scrubber
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه‬
Fuel Gas
‫ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﮔﺎزي‬
City Gates/Metering
‫اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي‬/ ‫دروازه ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي‬
Pressure Reduction
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
Compressor Station
‫اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Process:
×
:‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ‬
Glycol Dehydrators
‫ﻧﻢ زداﻫﺎي ﮔﻼﻳﻜﻮﻟﻲ‬
Amine Contactors
‫ﺑﺮجﻫﺎي آﻣﻴﻦ‬
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Compressors
×
‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ‬
Gathering
‫ﺟﻤﻊ آوري‬
Pressure Reduction
‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
Wellhead
‫ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ‬
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
52
‫آذر ‪Dec. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-PR-850(1‬‬
‫‪TABLE E.2 - GAS SEPARATOR TYPES ALONG WITH TYPICAL SEPARATION PERFORMANCE‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ﻫ ـ‪ 2‬اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬
‫‪LIQUID REMOVAL‬‬
‫‪EFFICIENCY‬‬
‫‪SOLID REMOVAL‬‬
‫‪EFFICIENCY IF ANY‬‬
‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﺟﺎﻣﺪ در ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد‬
‫‪100% 5  & larger‬‬
‫‪100% 8  & larger 99% 5 - 8 ‬‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 5‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‪ 99 ،‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 5‬ﺗﺎ‬
‫‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون‬
‫‪100% 8  & larger‬‬
‫‪No‬‬
‫‪SLUG HANDLING‬‬
‫‪CAPACITY‬‬
‫‪SEPARATOR TYPE‬‬
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻮع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫‪Yes‬‬
‫ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫‪Yes‬‬
‫‪Vertical gas separator with vane‬‬
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮه‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‬
‫‪100% 8  & larger‬‬
‫‪No‬‬
‫‪No‬‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‬
‫‪98% 8  & larger‬‬
‫‪No‬‬
‫‪Yes‬‬
‫‪100% 3  & larger‬‬
‫‪100% 3  & larger 99% 0.5 - 3 ‬‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‪ 99 ،‬درﺻﺪ ‪0/5‬‬
‫ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون‬
‫‪Yes‬‬
‫‪98‬درﺻﺪ‪ 8‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‬
‫‪Multicyclone scrubbers‬‬
‫‪In-line vane‬‬
‫ﭘﺮه در ﺧﻂ‬
‫‪Vertical separator with wire‬‬
‫‪mesh demister‬‬
‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري‬
‫ﺳﻴﻤﻲ‬
‫‪Filter separators with vane‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ دار ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮه‬
‫‪100% 10  & larger 99% 1 - 3 ‬‬
‫‪ 100‬درﺻﺪ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ‪ 99 ،‬درﺻﺪ‬
‫‪ 1‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 3‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون‬
‫‪ = µ‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون )‪(µm‬‬
‫‪Dry gas filters‬‬
‫‪No‬‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺧﺸﻚ‬
‫)‪µ = microns (µm‬‬
‫‪53‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-PR-850(1‬‬
‫آذر ‪Dec. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪APPENDIX E (continued‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫ )اداﻣﻪ(‬
‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ‪%‬‬
‫اﻧﺪازه ذرات ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻜﺮون‬
‫)ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ(‬
‫‪Fig. E.1-EFFICIENCY CURVE FOR MULTI-CYCLONE SEPARATOR SOLID PARTICLE‬‬
‫‪REMOVAL‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻫ ‪ -1-‬ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ذرات ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫‪54‬‬
‫آذر ‪Dec. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-PR-850(1‬‬
‫)ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪(1‬‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
‫)ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ‪(2‬‬
‫ﮔﺎز ﺗﻤﻴﺰ‬
‫ورودي‬
‫ﺑﺮش ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن‬
‫ﮔﺎز ورودي‬
‫ﮔﺎز ورودي‬
‫ﻣﻤﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪات‬
‫‪Fig. E.2-SKETCH OF MULTI-CYCLONE SCRUBBER/SEPARATOR‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻫ ‪-2-‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‪/‬ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫‪55‬‬
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX F
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ و‬
TYPICAL EQUATIONS, WHICH CAN
BE USED FOR TERMINAL
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
VELOCITY CALCULATION
F.1 Terminal Velocity of a Spherical
Fine Particle Settling under the
Influence of Gravity
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ذره رﻳﺰ ﻛﺮوي ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬1-‫و‬
The terminal velocity of a spherical fine
particle settling under the influence of
gravity can be determined by Stockes’ law.
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ذره رﻳﺰ ﻛﺮوي ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺘﻮك ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬
(Eq. F.1)
(Eq. F.2)
Ut 
‫ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ‬
4 gD P
3C D
Ut  K
 L  v
v
l  v
v
(1-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و‬
(2-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و‬
:‫ﻛﻪ‬
Where:
Ut
is terminal velocity, in (m/s);
g
is acceleration of gravity, in (m/s²);
Dp is diameter of fine particle, in (m);
CD is drag coefficient;
 L (rho)is density of liquid, in (kg/m³);
‫ ؛‬m/s ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ‬
Ut
‫ ؛‬m/s² ‫ﺷﺘﺎب ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ‬
g
‫(؛‬m) ‫ﻗﻄﺮ ذرات رﻳﺰ‬
Dp
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭘﺲ راﻧﺶ )درگ(؛‬
CD
‫ ؛ ﻳﺎ‬kg/m³ ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
 L (rho)
or
l
l
‫ ؛‬kg/m³ ‫ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺨﺎر‬ v (rho)
 v (rho) is density of vapor, in (kg/m³);
K
. m/s‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ‬
is entrainment coefficient, in (m/s).
Based on the theory and experimental
results, CD can be expressed approximately
as follows. It should be noted that CD is
given as a function of Reynolds number,
Re only, where the velocity is the relative
velocity of the fine particle to its
surrounding fluid.
K
‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺌﻮري و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭘﺲ راﻧﺶ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬.‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺎن ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬،Re ‫ ﻓﻘﻂ‬،‫ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ از ﻋﺪد رﻳﻨﻮﻟﺪز‬CD ‫ﭘﺲ راﻧﺶ‬
.‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﻃﺮاف آن اﺳﺖ‬
56
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
TABLE F.1 - TYPICAL IDENTIFICATION OF WIRE MESH TYPES
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ‬1-‫ﺟﺪول و‬
Density
(kg/m³)
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ‬
192
144
(Note 2)
Surface
Area
(m²/m³)
Void
Fraction
__
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ‬
36
279
0.977
0.982
(2 ‫)ﻳﺎدآوري‬
MANUFACTURE'S TYPE
Wire
Diameter
(mm)
‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﻴﻢ‬
(‫)ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
0.275
0.275
(Note 3)
‫ﻧﻮع ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه‬
York
Divment
421
Metex
4210
431
4310
326
3260
Xtradense
Standard
NuStandard
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
(3 ‫)ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Nihon
Mesh
SL
80
219
459
151
902
0.984
0.990
0.972
0.15
0.275
(Note 3)
(3 ‫)ﻳﺎدآوري‬
931
5 strand
each
0.122
__
9310
N
3383
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
High efficiency, Relatively clean,
Moderate Velocity, use in 100 mm
pad
efficiency,
General
Standard
purpose, use in 100 mm pad
‫ ﺑــﺎ‬، ‫ ﻣﻘﺎﺻــﺪ ﻋﻤــﻮﻣﻲ‬،‫راﻧــﺪﻣﺎن اﺳــﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬100 ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
SN
Fine mist removal, use in 100 mm
- 150 mm pad
H
High through-put or low density,
For service containing solids or
"dirty" material, use in 150 mm
pad
__
Hlthroughput
__
3311
APPLICATION
‫ ﺑﺎ‬،‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬،‫ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﺗﻤﻴﺰ‬،‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬100 ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
__
128
Naniwa
Special
Mesh
150-100 ‫ ﺑـﺎ ﺻـﻔﺤﻪ‬،‫ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄـﺮات رﻳـﺰ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
3346
‫ ﺑـﺮاي‬،‫ورودي ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎﻻ ﻳـﺎ ﭼﮕـﺎﻟﻲ ﻛـﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺣﺎوي ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮاد "ﻛﺜﻴﻒ" ﺑـﺎ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬150 ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
__
T
4060
Very high efficiency, 250 mm and
300 mm recommended for special
applications such as fine mists ,
oil vapor mist
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺧـﺎص‬،‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
،‫ ذرات ﺑﺨـﺎر ﻧﻔـﺖ‬،‫ﻣﺜﻞ ذرات ﺑـﺴﻴﺎر رﻳـﺰ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬300 ‫ و‬250
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري ﻫﺎ‬
Notes:
1) If the mesh is made of nickel, monel or
copper, multiply the density values by
1.13, referenced stainless steel.
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار‬،‫ ﻣﻮﻧﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫( اﮔﺮ ﺗﻮري از ﻧﻴﻜﻞ‬1
‫ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن‬.‫ ﺿﺮب ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬1/13 ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ را در‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
kg/m³144 ‫( ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬2
2) Normally, 144 kg/m³.
3) Some manufacturer fabricates with
0.254 mm wire.
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪ‬0/254 ‫( ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﻢ‬3
F.2.3 "K" Value for wire mesh demisters,
based on disengaging height (height
between bottom of mesh, and liquid
surface) of 300 mm minimum should be
considered as following Table F.2:
‫" ﺑﺮاي ذره ﮔﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﻮري‬k" ‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻘﺪار‬3-2-‫و‬
‫ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ )ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﻮري و‬
‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬2.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺟﺪول و‬300 ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
:‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
57
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
TABLE F.2 - "K" VALUE FOR WIRE MESH DEMISTERS
‫" ﺑﺮاي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ‬k" ‫ ﻣﻘﺪار‬2-‫ﺟﺪول و‬
SERVICE CONDITION
‫ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي‬
MESH TYPE
"K" VALUE
"k" ‫ﻣﻘﺪار‬
- Clean Fluids, Moderate Liquid
Load, fits 90% of process Situations
0.35 to 0.36
‫ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮري‬
- Standard
‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬-
‫ درﺻﺪ‬90 ‫ ﺑﺮاي‬،‫ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫ ﺳﻴﺎﻻت ﺗﻤﻴﺰ‬‫وﺿﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ‬
- High efficiency
0.35
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻ‬- Very high efficiency
0.25
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ‬- Low density or Herringbone, High Throughput
0.40
- High Viscosity, Dirty
Suspended Solids
‫ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺟﻨﺎﻗﻲ ورودي ﺑﺎﻻ‬-
‫ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﻛﺜﻴﻒ‬،‫ ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي ﺑﺎﻻ‬- Vacuum Operations
0.20
‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت در ﺧﻼء‬-
- Standard or
‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻳﺎ‬-
● 50 mm Hg (abs.
(‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺟﻴﻮه )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬50 
0.27
- High efficiency
0.21
- Plastic Coated Wire, or Plastic stran
‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻ‬-
● 400 mm Hg (abs.)
(‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺟﻴﻮه )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬400 
‫ﺳﻴﻤﻬﺎي ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ رﺷﺘﻪ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ‬-
● Corrosive Chemicals
‫ ﻣﻮاد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه‬
‫ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ‬،‫" ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ‬k" ‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ‬4-2-‫و‬
F.2.4 For variation of "K" Values with
disengaging height see recommended
values as hereunder in Table F.3:
.‫ را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ‬3-‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه زﻳﺮ در ﺟﺪول و‬
TABLE F.3 - VARIATION OF "K" VALUES WITH DISENGAGING HEIGHT
‫" ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ‬k" ‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ‬3-‫ﺟﺪول و‬
DESENGAGING HEIGHT
ABOVE MESH, (mm)
(‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺗﻮري )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬
ALLOWABLE
"K" VALUE
"k"‫ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺠﺎز‬
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
0.12
0.15
0.19
0.22
0.25
0.29
0.32
0.35
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.43
F.2.5 It is required that disengaging heights
should be 460 mm, minimum in cases
where wire mesh is provided. This height
must be corrected for the vapor velocity in
each individual case.
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ از ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮري‬5-2-‫و‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬460 ‫ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
.‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺨﺎر در ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﺎص اﺻﻼح ﺷﻮد‬
58
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Provision of baffles must be considered.
The reason for this is that the duty of vapor
liquid separation in the disengaging zone
can be reduced by directing the liquid flow
downwards. Also, consideration has been
given to avoid the unfavorable effects on
wire mesh pad due to the conning of feed
stream in cases where no baffle is
provided. The same thought has been
followed even in cases where no wire mesh
is provided.
‫ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺨﺎر در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ‬
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ رو ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻢ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ‬.‫ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از اﺛﺮات ﻧﺎﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻧﺸﺪن ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻮراك در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ‬.‫ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻳﺪه ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻧﻲ دﻧﺒﺎل ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
F.3 Application of These Equations to
Vertical Liquid-Liquid Separators
‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي‬3-‫و‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت آﻟﻦ و اﺳﺘﻮك‬1-3-‫و‬
F.3.1 Using Allen’s and Stocks’ equations,
the terminal velocity of the heavier
particles can be calculated. Typical
application of these equations to the
separation of water from oil is given in the
following Tables F.4 and F.5.
‫ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﻳﻦ‬.‫ذرات ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ زﻳﺮ‬5-‫ و و‬4-‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي آب از ﻧﻔﺖ در ﺟﺪول و‬
.‫داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
TABLE F.4 -DP = 400 - 500 microns
‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون‬500-400 = ‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ذره‬- 4-‫ﺟﺪول و‬
MAXIMUM LIQUID VELOCITY
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
‫ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ‬
Relative Density
(Sp. Gr.)
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ )ﺟﺮم‬

(cP)
OIL FRACTION
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬
m/s
Naphtha
0.3
(cP) ‫ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي‬
(‫وﻳﮋه‬
0.70
0.5
‫ﻧﻔﺘﺎ‬
0.80
1.5
Kerosene
0.015
‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ‬
0.85
5.0
Gas-Oil
0.003
‫ﮔﺎزوﺋﻴﻞ‬
0.90
10.0
Vac. Gas-Oil
‫ﮔﺎزوﺋﻴﻞ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻼء‬
59
0.0015
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
TABLE F.5 -DP = 1,000 microns (1 mm)
(‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون )ا ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬1000 = ‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ذره‬- 5-‫ﺟﺪول و‬
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
MAXIMUM LIQUID VELOCITY
‫ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ‬
Relative Density
(Sp. Gr.)
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ )ﺟﺮم‬

(cP)
OIL FRACTION
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬
m/s
Naphtha
0.8
(cP) ‫ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي‬
(‫وﻳﮋه‬
0.70
0.5
‫ﻧﻔﺘﺎ‬
0.80
1.5
Kerosene
0.04
‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ‬
0.85
5.0
Gas-Oil
0.02
‫ﮔﺎزوﺋﻴﻞ‬
0.90
10.0
Vac. Gas-Oil
0.005
‫ﮔﺎزوﺋﻴﻞ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻼء‬
F.4 Horizontal Separators
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي اﻓﻘﻲ‬4-‫و‬
The following equation is based on Stocks’
equation described in Appendix F:
(Eq. F.9)
‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ اﺳﺘﻮك ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوح آن در‬
:‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و( آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
Ut = g. Dp² (  h -  L) / 18µ
(9-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و‬
Where:
:‫ﻛﻪ‬
g
is acceleration of gravity, in
(9.8 m/s²);
‫(؛‬9/8 m/s²) ‫= ﺷﺘﺎب ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ‬
g
Dp
is diameter of the heavier
particle, in (m);
‫(؛‬m) ‫= ﻗﻄﺮ ذره ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
Dp
 h (rho) is density of the heavier
(kg/m³) ‫ = ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬ h (rho)
fraction, in (kg/m³);
 L (rho) is density of the lighter
(kg/m³) ‫ = ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﺒﻚﺗﺮ‬ L (rho)
fraction, in (kg/m³);
µ (mu) is viscosity of the lighter
fraction, in (kg/m.s).
(kg/m.s) ‫ = ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﺒﻜﺘﺮ‬µ (mu)
Substituting 9.8 m/s² for g and 100 microns
for DP, converting the densities to relative
densities
(specific
gravities),
and
expressing the viscosity in centipoise:
(Eq. F.10)
(Eq. F.11)
100 ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺘﺎب ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ و‬9/8 ‫ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺬاري‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮون ﺑﺮاي ﻗﻄﺮ ذره و ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ )ﺟﺮم‬
:‫وﻳﮋه( و ﺑﻴﺎن ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﭘﻮاز ﺧﻮاﻫﻴﻢ داﺷﺖ‬
g.D P2 (  h   l )
18
S  Sl
 5.45  10 3 h
Ut 

60
(10-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و‬
(m/s)
(11-‫)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و‬
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Ux is assumed to be equal to terminal velocity
Ut, i.e., Ux = Ut .
‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬Ut ‫ ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ‬Ux ‫ﻓﺮض ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺧﻮراك‬
Ux = Ut ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻚﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
Uh or Ul, whichever is the larger, is made equal to the
terminal velocity Ut .
‫ﺳﺒﻚﺗﺮ‬
‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬Ut ‫ ﻫﺮﻛﺪام ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ‬Ul ‫ ﻳﺎ‬Uh
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺧﻮراك‬
‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
Fig. F.1-VERTICAL LIQUID-LIQUID SEPARATOR
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮدي‬-1-‫ﺷﻜﻞ و‬
61
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﻲ‬
3 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
2‫ و‬1 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
‫اﮔﺮ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
(‫ﺑﻮت)درﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز‬
4 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Boot (If required)
Fig. F.2-HORIZONTAL SEPARATOR
‫ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻓﻘﻲ‬-2-‫ﺷﻜﻞ و‬
:‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
Notes:
1) 20% of drum diameter of 300 mm (12
inches), whichever is the greater.
‫ ﻫﺮﻛﺪام‬،(‫ اﻳﻨﭻ‬12) ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬300 ‫ درﺻﺪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻇﺮف ﻳﺎ‬20 (1
.‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
2) Minimum 150 mm (6 inches).
.(‫ اﻳﻨﭻ‬6) ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬150 ‫( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬2
3) Minimum.
.‫( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬3
(4
4)
a) Boots shall be sized for a
minimum residence time of five
minutes as a guideline and their
diameters shall be the same as
the commercial pipe sizes as far
as possible. The height-diameter
ratio shall be 2:1-5:1.
‫ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ‬5 ‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﻮت ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﻗﻄﺮ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫در ﺣﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﺴﺎوي اﻧﺪازه ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
1 ‫ ﺑﻪ‬5 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1 ‫ ﺑﻪ‬2 ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬ ‫ب( ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﻮت‬
b) Boot diameters shall be 250 mm
 minimum, because of good
operability.
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬250
c) Maximum boot diameters shall be
1/3 of the drum inside diameter.
.‫ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
1
‫ج ( ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﻮت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
3
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
(to be continued)
62
‫آذر ‪Dec. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-PR-850(1‬‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
‫ﺧﻮراك‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻋﺎدي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻚﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
‫‪Fig. F.3-HORIZONTAL LIQUID-LIQUID SEPARATOR‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ و‪ -3-‬ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫‪63‬‬
‫آذر ‪Dec. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-PR-850(1‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه‬
‫درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ‬
‫ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ورودي‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬
‫اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ‬
‫‪Fig. 4-Two Phase Double Barrel Separator‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ - 4‬ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه دو ﻓﺎزي دو ﺑﺸﻜﻪ اي‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
‫درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ورودي‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫‪Fig. 5-Two Phase Separator‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ - 5‬ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه دو ﻓﺎزي‬
‫‪64‬‬
‫آذر ‪Dec. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-PR-850(1‬‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه‬
‫درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ‬
‫ورودي‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫‪Fig. 6-Vertical Two Phase Separator‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ - 6‬ﺟﺪاﺳﺎز دو ﻓﺎزي ﻋﻤﻮدي‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه‬
‫درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻳﺎ‬
‫ورودي‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ‬
‫‪Fig. 7-Horizontal Two Phase Separator‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ - 7‬ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه دو ﻓﺎزي اﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫‪65‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX G
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ز‬
ACCEPTABLE GRADES AND
SPECIFICATION FOR A NUMBER
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت و درﺟﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﻣﻮاد‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ‬
OF STANDARD INTERNAL
MATERIALS
Acceptable grades and specification for a
number of standard internal materials are
listed below:
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت و درﺟﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﻣﻮاد اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
:‫اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ در زﻳﺮ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‬
TABLE G.1 - TYPICAL MATERIALS
‫ ﻣﻮاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬1-‫ﺟﺪول ز‬
MATERIALS
ASTM STANDARDS
ASTM ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ﻣﻮاد‬
Carbon Steel
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
Low and Intermediate Alloy Steels
C-1/2 Mo
PLATE
SHEET
STRIP
BARS
BOLTS & NUTS
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ورق‬
‫ﻧﻮار‬
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﭻ و ﻣﻬﺮه‬
A283, A285,
A36
A414, A569
A570
A675
A307, GrB
A204
As specified for
High Alloy Steels
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮﻻد ﭘﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژي‬
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﻢ آﻟﻴﺎژ و آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo through 5 Cr-1/2 Mo
A387
‫اﺟﺰاء ﺟﻮﺷﻲ‬
High Alloy Steels
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﭘﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژي‬
12 Cr: welded components
A176 and A240, Types 405 and 410S
A276 Type 405
A176 and A240, Types 405 and 410S
A276 Type 405
or 410
‫ اﺟﺰاء ﺟﻮﺷﻲ‬: 12 Cr
12 Cr: non-welded components
‫ اﺟﺰاء ﻏﻴﺮﺟﻮﺷﻲ‬: 12 Cr
18 Cr 8 Ni: Types 304, 316, 321, 347
A193 B6, and
A194 Gr6F
(with Selenium),
or Gr8
A167 and A240
A276
A193 B8 and
A194 Gr8
B127
B164
B164
B265 Gr2
B348 Gr2
B348 Gr4
Non-Ferrous
‫ﻏﻴﺮآﻫﻨﻲ‬
Nickel copper (Monel)
(‫ﻣﺲ ﻧﻴﻜﻞ )ﻣﻮﻧﻞ‬
Titanium
‫ﺗﻴﺘﺎﻧﻴﻮم‬
Vendor’s proposals to use materials or
thickness alternative to those specified
shall be submitted to purchaser for
approval by the Company.
‫* ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﻨﺲ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ‬،‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ دﻳﮕﺮ‬
.‫ﺷﻮد‬
** When materials are not specified,
Vendor’s proposals shall be submitted
to purchaser for approval by the
Company.
‫** زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
*
66
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
TABLE G.2 - METAL THICKNESS OF INTERNALS, mm (inch)(6, 7, 8)
(‫ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ )اﻳﻨﭻ‬2-‫ﺟﺪول ز‬
CORROSION
DESIGN
CATEGORY
VESSEL SHELL CORROSION ALLOWANCE, mm
OR
METAL LINING OR CLADDING THICKNESS, mm
‫ﮔﺮوه ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬، ‫ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف‬
‫ﻳﺎ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬،‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ آﺳﺘﺮي ﻳﺎ رو ﻛﺶ‬
VESSEL
MATERIALS
(1)
(1)
‫ﻣﻮاد ﻇﺮف‬
Shell
(interior
surface)
Non-Supporting
Members, such as:
Trays, Decks,
Integral Minor
Beams, Liquid
Redistributor
:‫اﺟﺰا ﺑﺪون ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﻣﺜﻞ‬
،‫ ﺳﻄﻮح‬،‫ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ‬
،‫ﻣﻴﻠﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎز ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
Tray Accessories
such as:
Bubble caps,
Chimneys,
Weirs,
Baffles
:‫ﻟﻮازم ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
،‫ﻛﻼﻫﻚﻫﺎي ﺣﺒﺎﺑﻲ‬
،‫ ﺳﺮرﻳﺰﻫﺎ‬،‫دودﻛﺶ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻴﻐﻪ ﻫﺎ‬
Internal Piping
(non-pressure)
(‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﺸﻲ داﺧﻞ )ﺑﺪون ﻓﺸﺎر‬
Supporting Members
such as:
:‫اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻣﺜﻞ‬
All Major Beams and
Non-Integral Minor
Beams; Inlet
Distributors; Outlet
Collector
Rings, any Load Bearing
components welded to the
shell.
Internals
CS
CS
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
CS
Alloy
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
0.25
10 yr
15 yr
5 yr
All
0.8
__
__
__
__
10 yr
15 yr
5 yr
Alloy
Alloy(5)
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
CS
CS
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
CS
Alloy
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
Alloy
Alloy(5)
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
1.6
3.0
2.0
2.8
2.0
4.5
5.5
6.0
5.5
5.5
2.0 Alloy
2.0
2.8
2.8
2.0
2.0
3.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
3.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
5.5
Notes (2), (4)
(2) ‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎي‬
2.0
(4)‫و‬
10 yr
15 yr
5 yr
All
10 yr
15 yr
5 yr
CS
CS
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
CS
Alloy
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﻢ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
Alloy
CS
Alloy(5)
CS
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
All
CS
Alloy
‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
Alloy
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
All
‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬
__
__
__
__
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
__
__
__
__
1.6
1.6
1.6
2.8
3.5
3.5
3.5
4.5
4.5
1.6
5.5
5.5
5.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
2.8
2.8
2.8
4.5
4.5
4.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
Schd STD
Schd 10
Schd 10 ®
---
---
---
---
Alloy(5)
None
1.6
‫آﻟﻴﺎژ‬
‫ﻫﻴﭻ‬
-‫ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻴﻠﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و ﻣﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬،‫ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﻲ‬
‫ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري‬،‫ورودي‬
‫ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺎرﺑﺮ ﺟﻮش‬،‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ‬
67
Schd XS
Schd STD
3.0
6.0
Schd XS
9.0
12.0
1.6
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
:‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
Notes:
1) Abbreviations used in the above table
are:
:‫( اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺟﺪول ﺑﺎﻻ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از‬1
CS designates carbon, low alloy and
intermediate alloy steels;
‫ آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻛﻢ و آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ را ﺑﻴﺎن‬، ‫ ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬CS
‫ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ؛‬
Alloy designates stainless steels (300
and 400 series), Nickel alloys, Copper
alloys; Aluminum alloys.
‫ آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي‬،(400 ‫ و‬300 ‫آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن )ﺳﺮي‬
‫ آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي آﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮم دار را‬،‫ آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي ﻣﺲ دار‬،‫ﻧﻴﻜﻞ دار‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ؛‬
TCA total corrosion allowances.
.‫ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻛﻞ‬
TCA
2) Trays, Decks, etc. shall be at least 2.0
mm thick.
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬2 ‫ ﺳﻄﻮح و ﻏﻴﺮه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬،‫( ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ‬2
3) Tray Accessories shall be at least 1.6
mm thick.
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬1/6 ‫( ﻟﻮازم ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬3
4)* Material and Metal thickness to be
specified.
.‫( * ﺟﻨﺲ و ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬4
5) Internals shall be of the same material as
the interior surface of the vessel shell.
‫( اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف‬5
6) Metric conversion of metal thickness of
internals (ex. Internal Piping) and
Corrosion Allowance values in Table
G.3 shall be as follows.
‫( ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠـﻲ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﺸﻲ‬6
.‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
3-‫داﺧﻠﻲ( و ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺟﺪول ز‬
:‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7) Vessel shell corrosion allowance for 5,
10 and 15 yr, design categories are
based on the maximum values for a
given range of corrosion rates.
‫ اﻧﻮاع‬،‫ ﺳﺎل‬15 ‫ و‬10 ،5 ‫( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺮاي‬7
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان داﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬
.‫داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
8) Thickness specified for each vessel shell
corrosion allowance are designed so that
successively lower corrosion rates are
used for each (5, 10, 15 yr) corrosion
design category.
‫( ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻫﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف‬8
‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺪت ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﻫﺮ‬
‫ ﺳﺎل( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ‬15 ‫ و‬10 ،5) ‫ﻧﻮع ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ‬
.‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
68
Dec. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-PR-850(1)
TABLE G.3 - MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE CORROSION ALLOWANCES (TCA) FOR
STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS, (mm)
(‫( ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬TCA) ‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻛﻞ‬3-‫ﺟﺪول ز‬
CORROSION ALLOWANCE
METAL THICKNESS
‫ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز‬
‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ‬
mm
0.25
0.8
1.5
(inch)
(0.010)
(0.030)
(0.060)
mm
1.5
3.0
4.5
6.0
9.0
12.0
(inch)
(1/16)
(1/8)
(3/16)
(1/4)
(3/8)
(1/2)
mm
0.25
0.8
1.6
2.0
(inch)
(0.010)
(0.030)
(0.060)
(0.075)
69
mm
2.8
3.5
4.5
5.5
(inch)
(0.105)
(0.134)
(0.179)
(0.224)
mm
1.6
3.0
4.5
6.0
(inch)
(1/16)
(1/8)
(3/16)
(1/4)