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IPS-G-IN-270(2)
FOREWORD
The Iranian Petroleum Standards (IPS) reflect the
views of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum and
are intended for use in the oil and gas production
facilities,
oil
refineries,
chemical
and
petrochemical plants, gas handling and processing
installations and other such facilities.
IPS is based on internationally acceptable
standards and includes selections from the items
stipulated in the referenced standards. They are
also supplemented by additional requirements
and/or modifications based on the experience
acquired by the Iranian Petroleum Industry and
the local market availability. The options which
are not specified in the text of the standards are
itemized in data sheet/s, so that, the user can
select his appropriate preferences therein.
The IPS standards are therefore expected to be
sufficiently flexible so that the users can adapt
these standards to their requirements. However,
they may not cover every requirement of each
project. For such cases, an addendum to IPS
Standard shall be prepared by the user which
elaborates the particular requirements of the user.
This addendum together with the relevant IPS
shall form the job specification for the specific
project or work.
The IPS is reviewed and up-dated approximately
every five years. Each standards are subject to
amendment or withdrawal, if required, thus the
latest edition of IPS shall be applicable
The users of IPS are therefore requested to send
their views and comments, including any
addendum prepared for particular cases to the
following address. These comments and
recommendations will be reviewed by the relevant
technical committee and in case of approval will
be incorporated in the next revision of the
standard.
Standards and Research department
No.19, Street14, North kheradmand
Karimkhan Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
Postal Code- 1585886851
Tel: 021-88810459-60 & 021- 66153055
Fax: 021- 88810462
Email: Standards@nioc.org
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر‬
‫( ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه دﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬IPS) ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
‫وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
،‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬،‫و ﮔﺎز‬
‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و ﻓﺮاورش ﮔﺎز و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺰﻳﺪهﻫﺎﺋﻲ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﺸﻮر‬.‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﻮاردي‬،‫و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ از ﺑﺎزار داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻴﺎز‬
.‫ﺑﻄﻮر ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ و ﻳﺎ اﺻﻼﺣﻲ در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻮاردي از ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ آورده ﻧﺸﺪه‬
‫اﺳﺖ در داده ﺑﺮگ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺷﻤﺎره ﮔﺬاري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
.‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان آورده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪيﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ را ﻏﻼف‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص‬.‫ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪ‬.‫آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻓﻨﻲ آن ﭘﺮوژه و ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎر‬،‫ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
.‫ﺧﺎص را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داد‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻫﺮ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و روزآﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﺣﺬف و ﻳﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﺑﻪ آن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻫﻤﻮاره آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ و‬،‫از ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات اﺻﻼﺣﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮارد‬
‫ ﻧﻈﺮات و‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ زﻳﺮ ارﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺧﺎص ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ در ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و در‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ در ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ‬
.‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻮﭼﻪ‬،‫ ﺧﺮدﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺨﺎن زﻧﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮان‬،‫اﻳﺮان‬
19 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬،‫ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻢ‬
‫اداره ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬
1585886851 : ‫ﻛﺪﭘﺴﺘﻲ‬
021-66153055 ‫ و‬021-88810459 – 60 : ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
88810462 : ‫دور ﻧﮕﺎر‬
Standards@nioc.org
:‫ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻚ‬
: ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
GENERAL DEFINITIONS:
Throughout this Standard
definitions shall apply.
the
following
COMPANY :
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated
companies of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum,
such as National Iranian Oil Company, National
Iranian Gas Company, National Petrochemical
Company and National Iranian Oil Refinery and
Distribution Company.
PURCHASER :
Means the "Company" where this standard is a
part of direct purchaser order by the "Company",
and the "Contractor" where this Standard is a part
of contract documents.
VENDOR AND SUPPLIER:
Refers to firm or person who will supply, and/or
fabricate the equipment or material.
CONTRACTOR:
Refers to the persons, firm or company whose
tender has been accepted by the company.
EXECUTOR :
Executor is the party, which carries out all or part
of construction and/or commissioning for the
project.
INSPECTOR :
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by
the company for the inspection of fabrication and
installation work
SHALL:
Is used where a provision is mandatory.
SHOULD:
Is used where a provision is advisory only.
WILL:
Is normally used in connection with the action by
the “Company” rather than by a contractor,
supplier or vendor.
MAY:
Is used where a provision is completely
discretionary.
.‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‬
: ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﺜﻞ‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و ﻳﺎ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ‬،‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز اﻳﺮان‬،‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ و ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ و ﭘﺨﺶ ﻓﺮآوردهﻫﺎي‬
.‫ﻧﻔﺘﻲ اﻃﻼق ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
:‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪار‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ "ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﺳﻔﺎرش‬
‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ آن "ﺷﺮﻛﺖ" ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎ "ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﻗﺮارداد آن اﺳﺖ‬
:‫ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه و ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎي‬
.‫ﻣﻮرد ﻟﺰوم ﺻﻨﻌﺖ را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
:‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر‬
‫ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدش‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
: ‫ﻣﺠﺮي‬
‫ﻣﺠﺮي ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﻃﻼق ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي‬
.‫اﺟﺮاﺋﻲ و ﻳﺎ راه اﻧﺪازي ﭘﺮوژه را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎزرس‬
‫ﮔﺮوه ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪاي اﻃﻼق‬/‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎزرس ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد‬
‫ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﺼﺐ‬،‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ‬
.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺟﺒﺎري اﺳﺖ‬
:‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
.‫ ﺑﻜﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
:‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
.‫ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
: ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﺑﻜﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺧﺘﻴﺎري ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
GENERAL STANDARD
FOR
INSTRUMENTS OF FIRE AND GAS
DETECTION EQUIPMENT
SECOND REVISION
APRIL 2010
‫اﺳﺘـﺎﻧﺪارد ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑـﺮاي‬
‫ادوات اﺑﺰاردﻗﻴﻖ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬
‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ دوم‬
1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of
Petroleum. All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither
whole nor any part of this document maybe disclosed to any
third party, reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior
written consent of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق آن ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬.‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ‬،‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ آن ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
،‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬،‫ ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺳﺎزي‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬،‫از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ﻳﺎ روش دﻳﮕﺮي در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻓﺮاد ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
Page
No.
1. SCOPE...................................................................3
CONTENTS :
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
:‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
3 ....................................................... ‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
2. REFERENCES .....................................................3
3 ............................................................... ‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
3. UNITS....................................................................5
5 .............................................................. ‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-3
4. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY............5
5 .................................................. ‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-4
4.1 Fire and Gas Detectors .................................5
5 .............................. ‫ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬1-4
4.2 Control and Indicating Equipment .............7
7 ...................... ‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬2-4
4.3 Fire and Gas Alarm Devices ........................7
7 ....................... ‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬3-4
4.4 Auxiliary Equipment ....................................7
7 ........................................... ‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬4-4
5. ZONES ..................................................................8
8 .............................................................‫ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ‬-5
5.1 General Consideration .................................8
8 .......................................... ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-5
5.2 Recommendation for Size and
Number of Zones...........................................8
8 .............. ‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازه و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ‬2-5
6. FIRE DETECTORS PROJECT ENGINEERING
GUIDES................................................................9
9 .... ‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻬﺖ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ‬-6
6.1 Recommended Types and Design
Considerations.....................................................9
9 .............. ‫ ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي و ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬1-6
6.2 Selection Guides of Fire Detectors...............12
12 ............... ‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ‬2-6
7. COMBUSTIBLE AND TOXIC GAS
DETECTORS......................................................15
15 ............... ‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬-7
7.1 General...........................................................15
15 ....................................................... ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-7
7.2 Types of Combustible and Toxic Gas
Detectors ........................................................15
15 ...... ‫ اﻧﻮاع آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬2-7
7.3 Selection of Apparatus..................................16
16 ............................................‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬3-7
7.4 Toxic (H2S) Gas Detectors............................16
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن‬4-7
16 ......................................................... (H2S)
1
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IPS-G-IN-270(2)
7.5 Installation of Combustible and Toxic
Gas Detectors.................................................18
18 ..... ‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬5-7
8. CONTROL EQUIPMENT DESIGN
CRITERIA ..........................................................19
19 .......................... ‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬-8
8.1 General...........................................................19
19 .......................................................‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1 -8
8.2 Functional Requirement...............................20
20 ........................................ ‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدي‬2-8
8.3 Construction Requirement...........................23
23 ........................................ ‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري‬3-8
8.4 Electrical Requirement.................................23
23 .............................................. ‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬4-8
9. INSTALLATION OF FIRE AND GAS
DETECTORS.......................................................24
24 .............................. ‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬-9
9.1 General...........................................................24
24 ........................................................ ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-9
9.2 Installation of Heat Detectors ......................24
24 .......................... ‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬2-9
9.3 Installation of Smoke Detectors...................24
24 ............................... ‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود‬3-9
9.4 Installation of Flame Detectors....................25
25 .............................. ‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬4-9
2
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
1. SCOPE
‫ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز‬،‫ﻫﺪف از ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬
‫و آﺗﺶ در ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ دادن ﻫﺸﺪار اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬
.‫ﺑﺘﻮان اﻗﺪام ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ آورد‬
‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت در ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻧﺼﺐ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت در‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﻛﻪ در ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
.‫ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ را ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
The purpose of an automatic fire and gas
detection system is to detect fire and gas at the
earliest practicable moment and to give an alarm
so that appropriate action can be taken.
This standard covers the minimum requirements
for selection and installation of components in
an automatic fire and gas detection system to be
used in Iranian Petroleum Industry.
:1 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 1:
1384 ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ در آﺑﺎن ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
‫ از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ‬.‫( ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬1) ‫ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
.‫( اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد داراي اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬0) ‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
This is a revised version of the standard
specification by the relevant technical committee
on Nov. 2006, which is issued as revision (1).
Revision (0) of the said standard specification is
withdrawn.
:2 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 2:
‫ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻓﻮق‬،‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد دو زﺑﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ‬1389 ‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ در اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
‫ از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ‬.‫( اراﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬2) ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
.‫( اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﺴﻮخ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1) ‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
This bilingual standard is a revised version of
the standard specification by the relevant
technical committee on April 2010, which is
issued as revision (2). Revision (1) of the said
standard specification is withdrawn.
:3 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 3:
‫ ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬،‫در ﺻﻮرت اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ و اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻼك ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
In case of conflict between Farsi and English
languages, English language shall govern.
‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
2. REFERENCES
Throughout this standard, the following dated
and undated standards/codes are referred to.
These referenced documents shall, to the extent
specified herein, form a part of this standard. For
dated references, the edition cited applies. The
applicability of changes in dated references that
occur after the cited date shall be mutually
agreed upon by the Company and the Vendor.
For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced
documents
(including
any
supplements and amendments) applies.
‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار و‬
‫ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ‬،‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬.‫ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ زﻳﺮ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ‬
‫ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻼك‬،‫ در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار‬.‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
،‫ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ در آﻧﻬﺎ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ در‬.‫ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺟﺮا ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻀﻤﺎم ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬،‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬
.‫و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎي آن ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
BSI(BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION)
(‫ )ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬BSI
‫ "ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬BS EN 54-1
" ‫آﺗﺶ‬
BS EN 54-1 "Components of Automatic
Fire Detection System"
"‫ "ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-1 ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
Part 1- " Introduction"
BS EN 54-3 "Fire Detection
alarm Systems "
and
‫ "ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار و آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز‬BS EN 54-3
"‫آﺗﺶ‬
Fire
3
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
" ‫ وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺻﻮﺗﻲ آﺗﺶ‬-3 ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
Part 3- "Fire Alarm Devices-Sounders"
BS EN 54-5
"‫ "ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار و آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز آﺗﺶ‬BS EN 54-5
"Fire Detection and Fire
Alarm Systems"
،‫ "ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺑﺮاي آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬-5 ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
"‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪاي‬
Part 5- "Specification for Heat Detectors,
Point Detectors"
BS EN 54-7
"Fire Detection and Fire
Alarm Systems, Point Type
Smoke
Detectors Using
Scattered Light, Transmitted
Light or Ionization"
،‫ "ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار و آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز آﺗﺶ‬BS EN 54-7
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود از ﻧﻮع ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎر‬
‫ ﻧﻮر ارﺳﺎل ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺰه‬،‫ﺑﺮدن ﻧﻮر ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪه‬
"‫ﺷﺪه‬
BS 5839-1
"Fire Detection and Alarm
System for Buildings"
‫ "ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺸﺪار و آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز آﺗﺶ ﺑﺮاي‬BS 5839-1
"‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﺎ‬
‫ راه اﻧﺪازي‬،‫ ﻧﺼﺐ‬، ‫ "آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬-1 ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
" ‫و ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
Part 1-"Code of Practice for System
Design,Installation
Commissioning and Maintenance"
" ‫"ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت راه اﻧﺪاز ﻫﺸﺪار دﺳﺘﻲ‬BS EN 54-11
BS EN 54-11 "Specification for Manual Call
Points"
BS 54-2 /BS EN 54-4
BS 54-2/BS EN 54-4
‫ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و‬
"Specification for Control and
Indicating Equipment"
"‫ "ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬-4 ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
Part 4- "Power supply Equipment""
IEEE
( ‫ )ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﺑﺮق و اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻚ‬IEEE
(INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL,
ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS)
IEEE 979
‫"ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
"‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
"‫"راﻫﻨﻤﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز آﺗﺶ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺮق‬
"Guide for Substation Fire
Detection"
IEEE 979
(‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﺗﺶ‬NFPA
NFPA (NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION
ASSOCIATION)
70
"(NEC) ‫"آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻠﻲ‬
"National Electric Code"
70
72 H
"Engineering
Guide
for
Automatic
Fire
Detection
Spacing"
‫ "راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬72 H
" ‫آﺗﺶ‬
301
"Code for safety to life from fire
on merchant vessels"
‫"آﺋﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺟﺎﻧﻲ از آﺗﺶ روي‬
"‫ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺎري‬
301
"‫ "ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ آدرس دﻫﻲ‬2-1-7 ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬
Chapter 7.1.2 "Addressable fire alarm systems"
4
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
(‫ )اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬IPS
IPS IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS)
IPS-E-GN-100
"Engineering Standard
for Units"
IPS-E-SF-260
"Engineering Standard
for
Automatic
Detectors and Fire
Alarm
Systems"
IPS-G-IN-260
"Engineering
and
Installation
Standard
for Indicating Lights,
Alarms and Protective
Systems"
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
"‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬IPS-E-GN-100
‫"اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻫﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر و ﻫﺸﺪار‬
"‫دﻫﻨﺪه آﺗﺶ‬
IPS-E-SF-260
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮاي‬IPS-G-IN-260
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي‬،‫ﭼﺮاغ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه‬
"‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ و ﻫﺸﺪار‬
‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-3
3. UNITS
‫(ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬SI) ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ واﺣﺪ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﻣﮕﺮ آﻧﻜﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬IPS-E-GN-100 ‫ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ دﻳﮕﺮي اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
This Standard is based on International System
of Units (SI), as per IPS-E-GN-100 except
where otherwise specified.
‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-4
4. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY
‫ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬1-4
4.1 Fire and Gas Detectors
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ از ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر آﺷﻜﺎر‬
‫ﺳﺎز ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺪاوم ﺗﺤﺖ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ وﻳﺎ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
(‫ اﻟﻒ‬- 1 ‫ ) ﺷﻜﻞ‬.‫ﻧﻈﺎرت ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
Fire and gas detectors are those parts of an
automatic fire and gas detection system which
continuously monitors suitable physical and/or
chemical phenomena for detection of fires and
gas in the area under surveillance. (Fig. 1 Item
A).
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺮارت‬1-1-4
4.1.1 Heat detector
‫ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ دو‬،‫ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺮخ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻣﺎ‬، ‫آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻣﺎ‬
.‫واﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‬
A detector which responds to an increase in
temperature, or rate of temperature rise, or both.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز دود‬2-1-4
4.1.2 Smoke detector
‫ ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي در اﺛﺮ اﺣﺘﺮاق و ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮاد‬،‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬
‫ ) ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺴﻢ ﺑﺼﻮرت‬.‫ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻌﻠﻖ در ﺟﻮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.(‫ﻏﺒﺎر و ﮔﺎز در ﻫﻮا‬
A detector sensitive to particulate products of
combustion and/or pyrolysis suspended in the
atmosphere (aerosols).
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺰاﺳﻴﻮن دود‬1-2-1-4
4.1.2.1 Ionization smoke detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳـﺎن ﻫـﺎي ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺰاﺳـﻴﻮن ﻣـﻮاد ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ از‬
. ‫اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
A detector, sensitive to combustion products
capable of affecting ionization currents within
the detector.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز دود ﻧﻮري‬2-2-1-4
4.1.2.2 Optical smoke detector
‫ ﻧﻮرﻣﺮﺋﻲ‬،‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬب ﻳﺎ دﻓﻊ اﺷﻌﻪ در ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
.‫و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎوراء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ از ﻃﻴﻒ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺲ ﻣﻮاد ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
A detector sensitive to combustion products
capable of affecting the absorption or scattering of
radiation in the infrared, visible and/or ultraviolet
region of the electromagnetic spectrum
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‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬3-1-4
4.1.3 Flame detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻴﻒ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺨﺶ ﺷﺪه از ﺷﻌﻠﻪ آﺗﺶ واﻛﻨﺶ‬
.‫ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
A detector which responds to the radiation
emitted by the flames from a fire.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﮔﺎز‬4-1-4
4.1.4 Gas detector
.‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
A detector sensitive to combustible/toxic gases.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬5-1-4
4.1.5 Static detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﻛﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺪت ﻳﻚ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه‬
.‫ ﻫﺸﺪار ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬، ‫اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ رود‬
A detector which initiates an alarm when the
magnitude of the measured phenomena exceed a
certain value, for a sufficient time.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻠﻲ‬6-1-4
4.1.6 Differential detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺷﺪت‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ) ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ( در دو ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎز‬
.‫ ﻫﺸﺪار ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬، ‫ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ رود‬
A detector which initiates an alarm when the
differences (normally small) in the magnitudes
of the measured phenomenon at two or more
places exceeds a certain value, for a sufficient
time.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻧﺮخ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ‬7-1-4
4.1.7 Rate of rise detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺮخ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﻚ‬
.‫ ﻫﺸﺪار ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬،‫ﭘﺪﻳﺪه در زﻣﺎن از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ رود‬
A detector which initiates an alarm when the rate
of change of the measured phenomenon with
time exceeds a certain value, for a sufficient
time.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي‬8-1-4
4.1.8 Point detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﺪوده‬
.‫ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ واﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‬
A detector which responds to the phenomenon
detected in the vicinity of a fixed point sensor.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي‬9-1-4
4.1.9 Multi-Point detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﺪوده‬
.‫ﺗﻌﺪادي ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ واﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
A detector which responds to the phenomenon
detected in the vicinity of a number of fixed
point sensors.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺧﻄﻲ‬10-1-4
4.1.10 Line detector
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﺪوده‬
.‫ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻤﺘﺪ واﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
A detector which responds to the phenomenon
detected in the vicinity of a continuous line.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬11-1-4
4.1.11 Resettable detector
A detector which after response, may be restored
from its alarm state to its normal state on
cessation of the conditions, which caused the
response, without the renewal of any component.
Various types are self-resetting detector,
remotely resettable detector and locally
resettable detector.
‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ و‬، ‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ از واﻛﻨﺶ‬
‫ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻫﺮ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ واﻛﻨﺶ ﺷﺪه‬
‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬،‫ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬.‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺮﮔﺮدد‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ‬، ‫ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي‬
،‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮي از راه دور و آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
4.1.12 Non-Resettable detector
A detector which after response, requires the
renewal of a component or components to
restore to its normal state.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬12-1-4
‫ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ ﭘﺲ از واﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎدي‬
.‫ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻳﺎ اﺟﺰاي ﺟﺪﻳﺪي دارد‬
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‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺟﺪا ﺷﺪﻧﻲ‬13-1-4
4.1.13 Detachable detector
‫ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ اﺟﺎزه ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز از ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺧﻮد ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ و ﻧﮕﻪ داري‬
.‫ﺑﻪ آﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
A detector which is so designed as to permit it to
be easily removed from its normal operating
position for maintenance and servicing purposes.
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز آدرس ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬14-1-4
4.1.14 Addressable detection systems
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮ‬،‫ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ و ﻓﻀﺎ‬،‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز آدرس ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬
.‫دو را ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
Addressable detection systems specify space and
zone identification, or both.
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬2-4
4.2 Control and Indicating Equipment
‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮاي درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎلﻫﺎي‬.‫ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎن‬،‫ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻫﺸﺪار دﻫﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬
‫دادن اﻳﻦ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺻﺪا و ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬
.(‫ ب‬- 1 ‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ ) ﺷﻜﻞ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﺧﻄﺮ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﻫﺸﺪار‬، ‫در ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫آﺗﺶ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ )ﻫ( ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬،‫آﺗﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ آﺗﺶ )ز( ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات اﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﺎ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
‫ اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﻲ‬.‫ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻬﺎ را اﻧﺘﻘﺎل دﻫﺪ‬CO2 ‫اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﻛﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺧﻄﺎ‬
‫ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺧﻂ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻄﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه‬،‫ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺪا و ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬
.‫ ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‬،‫در ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
The power required by detectors shall be
supplied through control and indicating
equipment. This item is used to accept the fire
and gas alarm signal of the connected detectors,
to indicate these alarms audibly and visibly and
to indicate the location of the danger (Fig. 1 Item
B).
If required, it should be able to pass on the fire
alarm signal through fire alarm routing
equipment (E) to the fire fighting organization
or, through the control for automatic fire
protection equipment (G), to an automatic CO2
or other extinguishing equipment. It can be used
to monitor the correct functioning of the system
and give audible and visible warning of any
faults e.g. short circuit, line breakage or fault in
power supply.
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬3-4
4.3 Fire and Gas Alarm Devices
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ آﺗﺶ و ﮔﺎز ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔـﺎده ﻗﺮار‬
.(‫ ج‬- 1 ‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ادوات ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ) ﺷﻜﻞ‬،‫ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد‬
Equipment which is used to give a warning of
fire or gas, e.g. sounder or visual indicator (Fig.
1, Item C).
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬4-4
4.4 Auxiliary Equipment
‫ اﻟﻤﺎنﻫﺎي اﺗﺼﺎل‬،‫در ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز آﺗﺶ و ﮔﺎز ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬
‫و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬
:‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد‬
In an automatic fire and gas detection system
there are equipment and connection elements
which may sometimes be used as part of the
system as follows:
‫ اﺧﻄﺎر دﺳﺘﻲ‬1-4-4
4.4.1 Manual call point
A device for manual initiation of an alarm
(Fig.1, Item D).
.(‫ د‬- 1 ‫ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺸﺪار دﺳﺘﻲ) ﺷﻜﻞ‬
4.4.2 Fire alarm routing equipment
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ‬2-4-4
‫( ﺑﻪ‬B) ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات واﺳﻄﻪ اي ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﻫﺸﺪار را از ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬
‫( ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزد‬F ) ‫ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎه درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺸﺪار در ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬
.(‫ ﻫ‬- 1‫) ﺷﻜﻞ‬
Intermediate equipment which routes an alarm
signal from (B) to a fire alarm receiving station
(F), (Fig. 1, Item E).
7
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ آﺗﺶ‬3-4-4
4.4.3 Automatic fire protection equipment
e.g.
- 1 ‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎت اﻃﻔﺎء) ﺷﻜﻞ‬،‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات اﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬
.( ‫ح‬
4.4.4 Control for automatic fire protection
equipment
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ آﺗﺶ‬4-4-4
An automatic device used to actuate the fire
fighting system (H) after receiving a signal from
(B),(Fig. 1, Item G).
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ اﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ )ح( را ﺑﻌﺪ از درﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬
.(‫ ز‬- 1 ‫ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل از )ب( ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ اﻧﺪازد) ﺷﻜﻞ‬
Control of fire fighting equipment,
extinguishing installation (Fig. 1, Item H).
‫ واﻗﻌﻪ ﻧﮕﺎر‬5-4-4
4.4.5 Event logger
‫ﻳﻚ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ وﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺿﺒﻂ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ﺛﺒﺖ و ﺿﺒﻂ وﻗﺎﻳﻊ ﺿﺮوري ﻛﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬
.‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ واﻗﻊ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
A suitable logger or recorder to record all
necessary events occurred in an automatic fire
and gas detection system.
‫ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬6-4-4
4.4.6 Power supply
‫اﻧﺮژي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺮاي ب و ﺗﻤﺎم ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ آن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از اﻳﻦ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬. (‫ ل‬- 1‫ ) ﺷﻜﻞ‬.‫واﺣﺪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ﺗﻬﻴﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ) ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮق از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺮژي اﺻﻠﻲ و‬
.(‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺮژي ﻳﺪك‬
The power for B and all auxiliary equipment
shall be supplied from this unit (Fig. 1, Item L).
This unit may include multiple power supplies
(e.g. electricity from mains and standby power
sources).
‫ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ‬-5
5. ZONES
‫ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ از ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬،‫ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ وﻗﻮع آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي در آن ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﺟﺪا از ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه آﺗﺶ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي‬،‫ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ آﺗﺶ‬
‫ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻛﻪ‬.‫ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد‬
،‫ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﺮاردادن ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ راه اﻧﺪاز اﺧﻄﺎر دﺳﺘﻲ و ﻳﺎ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬
،‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮدن ﻣﺤﻞ آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي‬
،‫ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن و اﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬
.‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد‬
A zone is a subdivision of protected premises
such that the occurrence of a fire within will be
indicated by a fire alarm system separately from
an indication of fire in any other subdivision. A
zone will usually consist of an area protected by
several manual call points and/or detectors, and
is separately indicated to assist in location of the
fire, evacuation of the building and fire fighting.
‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-5
5.1 General Consideration
5.1.1 When a signal of fire is given it shall be
necessary that there should be no confusion about
the zone from which it is received.
‫ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﮕــﻨﺎل آﺗﺶ از ﻧﺎﺣﻴـــﻪ اي درﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬1-1-5
5.1.2 In general, the signals used in different
zones in the same premises should be the same.
‫ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻬﺎي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي‬،‫ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ‬2-1-5
5.1.3 Each zone should be readily accessible
from the point(s) where the indication of the
location of fire is provided. In general, access to
any zone should be by normal circulation routes.
‫ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ آﺳﺎﻧﻲ از ﻧﻘﺎﻃﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎن دادن‬3-1-5
5.2 Recommendation for Size and Number of
Zones
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازه و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻫﺎ‬2-5
5.2.1 The floor area of a single zone shall not
2000 ‫ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ زﻣﻴﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺰا ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺘﺠﺎوز از‬1-2-5
‫ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﻲ در ﻣﻮرد‬، ‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ اي ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل از آن ﻣﻴﺮﺳﺪ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ در ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
،‫ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ‬.‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻞ آﺗﺶ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
.‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺎي ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
8
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
exceed 2000 m², unless otherwise specified.
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
.‫ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ آﻧﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ دﻳﮕﺮي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
5.2.2 The search distance, i.e. the distance that
has to be traveled by a searcher inside the zone in
order to determine visually the position of the
fire, shall not exceed 30 m.
‫ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﮔﺮ‬،‫ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‬2-2-5
5.2.3 If the total floor area is 300 m² or less, then
it may be considered as a single zone even
though there may be more than one storey.
،‫ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬300 ‫ اﮔﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ زﻣﻴﻦ‬3-2-5
‫ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از‬،‫در داﺧﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزدﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻞ آﺗﺶ ﻃﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬30
‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﺠﺰا در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد ﺣﺘﻲ‬
.‫اﮔﺮ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻳﻚ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
،‫ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬300 ‫ اﮔﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬4-2-5
5.2.4 If the total floor area is greater than 300 m²,
then all zones should be restricted to a single
storey, except that:
: ‫ ﺑﺠﺰ‬،‫ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻣﺤﺪود ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬300 ‫اﻟﻒ( اﮔﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ زﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﻀﺎي آﺗﺶ‬
a) If the total floor area of a fire compartment
is 300 m² or less, and any communication
with other fire compartments is only at the
lowest level of the building, then the fire
compartment may be considered as a single
zone even though there may be more than one
storey within it;
‫ﻳﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ ﻓﻘﻂ در‬
‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻓﻀﺎي آﺗﺶ‬، ‫ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﺠﺰا در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد ﺣﺘﻲ اﮔﺮ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛‬
‫ب( اﮔﺮ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﺎط راه اﻧﺪاز اﺧﻄﺎر ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻧﺮدﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬
b) If detectors or call points are fitted in
stairwells, lift wells and, etc., extending
beyond the one floor but within one fire
compartment, then the volume of the well
should be considered as one or more separate
zone.
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻳﻚ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اﻣﺎ در ﻳﻚ‬،‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬.. ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ و ﻏﻴﺮه‬
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﭼﺎه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻳﻚ‬،‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻣﺠﺰا در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
PROJECT
‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﭘﺮوژه ﺟﻬﺖ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ‬-6
Fire detectors shall be designed to detect one or
more of three characteristics of a fire: smoke,
heat and radiation (flame). No one type of
detector is the most suitable for all applications
and the final choice should depend on individual
circumstances. It should often be useful to
employ a mixture of different types of detectors.
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺸﻒ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮرد از‬
‫ ﺣﺮارت و اﺷﻌﻪ )ﺷﻌﻠﻪ( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه‬، ‫ دود‬: ‫ﺳﻪ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ آﺗﺶ‬
‫ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪام از ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻮارد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬
‫ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اوﻗﺎت ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎي‬.‫اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ واﻗﻊ ﮔﺮدد‬
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
6.
FIRE
DETECTORS
ENGINEERING GUIDES
Note:
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﭘﺮ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
Suitable detectors shall be considered for
hazardous areas as per relevant electrical
classification standard.
6.1 Recommended
Considerations
Types
and
‫ ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎي ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي و ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬1-6
Design
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت‬1 -1-6
6.1.1 Heat detectors
‫اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از دو ﻣﺪل آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪل ﻧﻘﻄﻪاي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬،‫ ﻳﻜﻲ از آﻧﻬﺎ‬.‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي ﮔﺎزﻫﺎ در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻋﻜﺲ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ و دﻳﮕﺮي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪل ﺧﻄﻲ اﺳﺖ‬
They shall be selected from two types of heatsensitive detector. One is the point type of
detector responding to the temperature of the
gases in the immediate vicinity of a single point,
the other is the ’line’ type of detector which
9
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
responds to the temperature of the gases in the
vicinity of a line (not necessarily straight). Line
detectors can be integrating or non-integrating:
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮارت ﮔﺎزﻫﺎ در ﻣﺠﺎورت ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ )اﻟﺰاﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت‬
-‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻲ‬.‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ( ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
: ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ دو ﺻﻮرت ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و ادﻏﺎم ﻧﺸﺪه ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫در ﻣﺪل ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮارت در ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ از ﺧﻂ‬
‫ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ در ﻣﺪل‬،‫ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺧﻂ اﺻﻼح ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ از‬،‫ادﻏﺎم ﻧﺸﺪه ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮارت در ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دو‬، ‫ در ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺪل اﺻﻠﻲ‬.‫ﺣﺮارت ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ اﺳﺖ‬
: ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
In the integrating type the response to
temperature at one point on the line is modified
by the temperature of the remainder of the line,
while in the non integrating type the response to
temperature at one point is independent of
temperature at other points on the line. In both
main types, there shall be two main subdivisions:
a) Fixed temperature (static) elements:
:(‫اﻟﻒ( اﻟﻤﺎنﻫﺎي دﻣﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ) اﻳﺴﺘﺎ‬
They shall be designed to operate when
they reach a pre-selected threshold
temperature.
‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ از‬
.‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬، ‫ﭘﻴﺶ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲرﺳﻨﺪ‬
As per IEEE 979, the various types are as
follows:
‫ ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﺑﻪ‬، IEEE 979 ‫ﻃﺒﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
:‫ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
a) Bimetallic strip thermostat
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺘﺎت ﻧﻮاري دو ﻓﻠﺰي‬
b) Snap-action disk thermostat
‫ب( ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺘﺎت ﺻﻔﺤﻪ اي ﭼﻔﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬
c) Thermostatic cable
‫ج( ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺘﺎﺗﻲ‬
d) Thermistor line sensors
‫د( ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
e) Fusible metal
‫ﻫ( ﻓﻠﺰ ﮔﺪاﺧﺘﻨﻲ‬
f) Quartzoid bulb
‫و( ﺣﺒﺎب ﻛﻮارﺗﺰي‬
temperature
:‫ب( ﻧﺮخ رﺷﺪ اﻟﻤﺎن دﻣﺎ‬
They shall be designed to operate when
their temperature rises abnormally and
quickly.Heat detectors shall always have
fixed temperature elements, and may
additionally contain rate-of-rise element.
Heat detectors not containing fixed
temperature elements shall not be used
because they are unlikely to respond to
slow growing fires.
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ و‬
.‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﺎدي رﺷﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎي‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﻌﻼوه ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺮخ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫رﺷﺪ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎنﻫﺎي دﻣﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﭼﺮا ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻴﺮﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي ﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل رﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪ‬
b)
Rate-of-rise
element:
of
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود‬2-1-6
6.1.2 Smoke detectors
‫ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از دو ﻣﺪل اﺻﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﺮاي‬1-2-1-6
6.1.2.1 They shall be selected from two main types
of commonly used smoke detectors as follow:
:‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
a) Ionization chamber smoke detectors
These are based on the fact that the
electric
current
flowing
between
electrodes in an ionization chamber is
reduced when smoke particles enter the
chamber.
‫اﻟﻒ( آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﺑﺎ اﺗﺎﻗﻚ ﻳﻮن‬
‫اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ اﺳﺘﻮار ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺟﺎري ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺮودﻫﺎ در ﻳﻚ اﺗﺎﻗﻚ‬
.‫ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬،‫ﻳﻮن ﺑﺎ ورود ذرهاي دود ﺑﻪ اﺗﺎﻗﻚ‬
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‫ب( آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻧﻮري دود‬
b) Optical smoke detectors
‫اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺬب ﻧﻮر‬
.‫ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ذرات دود ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
These detectors operate by detecting
scattering or absorption of light by smoke
particles.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮﺗﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻗﺎﻋﺪه ﺗﺎرﻳﻚ‬2-2-1-6
6.1.2.2 Beam type smoke detectors operate on
the optical obscuration principle. If line detection
is the requirement, beam type smoke detectors
shall be used.
،‫ اﮔﺮ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزي ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ﺳﺎزي ﻧﻮر ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
.‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮﺗﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬3-1-6
6.1.3 Flame detectors
‫ اﺷﻌﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎوراء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ را‬، ‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي‬، ‫ ﻫﺮ دو ﻧﻮع از ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻬﺎي ﺣﺴﮕﺮ اﺷﻌﻪ‬.‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺎ از ﻟﻨﺰﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻛﺎر ﻳﺎ از ﺑﺎزﺗﺎﺑﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬،‫"ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه" آﺗﺶ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادن‬،‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﺑﻪ اﺷﻌﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل در‬
.‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬،‫آﺗﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
، ‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ‬،‫ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺣﻀﻮر ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻨﺪ روش ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ‬
.‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ اﺷﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آﺗﺶ و ﻏﻴﺮ آﺗﺶ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﺷﻌﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎوراء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ‬،‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎوراء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ‬
‫ﺷﺪه از ﺷﻌﻠﻪ را ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ و ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل در ﻃﻮل ﻣﻮج‬
‫ اﺷﻌﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي در‬.‫ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬270 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬200
‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺋﻲ ﻻﻳﻪ اوزون ﺟﺬب ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫و دﻗﻴﻘﺎ ﺑﻬﻤﻴﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎوراء ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﺑﻄﻮر‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﻤﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ‬
Flame detectors detect ultraviolet and/or infra-red
radiation. Both types use radiation-sensitive cells
that ’see’ the fire either directly or through builtin lenses or reflectors.
Infra-red flame detectors are intended to respond
to the flickering radiation emitted by the
diffusion type of flame normally found in fires.
Because of the presence of other infra-red
sources, such as the sun lightning, infra-red flame
detectors shall have some method of
discriminating between fire and non fire
radiation.
Ultraviolet flame detectors detect the ultraviolet
radiation emitted from flames, and normally
operate in the range of wavelengths from 200 nm
to 270 nm. Solar radiation in this range is
absorbed by the high altitude ozone layer, and
hence ultraviolet detectors do not normally
respond to sunlight.
6.1.4 Addressable fire and gas detection
systems
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ آدرس ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬4-1-6
Addressable fire and gas systems, whereby
specify space and zone identification, or both, is
provided by individually identifiable initiating
devices, shall be arranged to meet the following
criteria:
‫ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ و‬،‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ آدرس ﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي راه اﻧﺪاز‬،‫ﻓﻀﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮ دو را ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ داده‬،‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﻲ اﻧﻔﺮادي ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
:‫ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ را درﺑﺮ ﮔﻴﺮد‬
a) Means are provided to ensure that any
one fault (e.g., open circuit, short circuit, or
ground) occurring in the signaling line
circuit will not render any initiating devices
in any fire zone inactive.
‫اﻟﻒ( وﺳﻴﻠﻪاي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬
b) All arrangements are made to enable the
initial configuration of the system to be
restored in the event of failure (e.g.,
electrical, electronic, information).
‫ب( ﻛﻠﻴﻪ آراﻳﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻃﻮري ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺻﻮرت‬
،‫ اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه‬،‫ﮔﺮدد ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از ﺧﻄﺎ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎز ﺷﺪن ﻣﺪار‬
،‫ﻳﺎ اﺗﺼﺎل زﻣﻴﻦ( ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺪار ﺧﻂ ﻋﻼﻣﺖدﻫﻲ ﭘﻴﺶ آﻳﺪ‬
‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ راه اﻧﺪاز در ﻫﺮ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ آﺗﺶ را ﻏﻴﺮ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ‬
.‫ﻛﺮد‬
‫ ﭘﻴﻜﺮﺑﻨﺪي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺮدد‬،‫ﺑﺮوز ﺧﻄﺎ‬
.(‫ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻚ و ﺑﺮق‬،‫ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬،‫)ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
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c) Signaling line circuits shall be capable of
supporting 100 percent of the initiating
devices connected to them if all are
activated simultaneously without any loss
of signal.
‫ج( ﻣﺪارﻫﺎي ﺧﻂ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ دﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬
d) A signaling line circuit shall be
arranged.
.‫د( ﻣﺪار ﺧﻂ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ دﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ داده ﺷﻮد‬
،‫ درﺻﺪ از وﺳﺎﺋﻞ راه اﻧﺪاز وﺻﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻮده‬100
‫ﺣﺘﻲ اﮔﺮ ﻫﻤﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﻢ زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﺎل ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺪون از دﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬،‫دادن ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل‬
‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬7 ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ‬NFPA-301 ‫ﺟﻬﺖ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬
For more information see NFPA-301 chapter 7.
‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ‬2-6
6.2 Selection Guides of Fire Detectors
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-2-6
6.2.1 General
A combination of various types of detectors may
be necessary. The likely fire behavior of the
contents of each part of the buildings or plants,
the process taking place or planned, and the
design of the plant should be considered. The
susceptibility of the contents to heat, smoke and
water damage should also be considered. Heat
and smoke detectors rely on transport of the
products from the fire to the detector by
convection. In general, these detectors rely on the
presence of a ceiling (or other similar facility
near-horizontal surface) to direct the products
outwards from the fire to the detector. Heat and
smoke detectors which are therefore suitable for
use in most buildings are generally unsuitable for
open-air applications.
‫ ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬، ‫در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز آﺗﺶ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ آﺗﺶ و آﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻗﺎﺋﻞ ﺷﻮد‬، ‫و ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﺖ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎﺋﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﻮده و ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮع آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﺮخ و اﻧﻮاع‬.‫ﻫﺸﺪار ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد را اراﺋﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ درآﺗﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ‬.‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﻲ از آﺗﺶ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﺑﺘﺪاﻳﻲ آﺗﺶ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ‬،‫ﺳﻮزﻧﺪ و دود ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ آﺗﺸﻲ ﻛﻪ‬.‫ اول ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد‬،‫ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز دود‬، ‫ﻣﻘﻮا‬
‫ﺣﺮارت زﻳﺎد ﺳﺮﻳﻊ و دود ﻛﻤﻲ را ﺑﻴﺮون ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ اﺑﺘﺪا آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬
‫ آﺗﺶ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از‬.‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎ و ﺳﭙﺲ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز دود را ﻓﻌﺎل ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد‬
-‫ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل اﺑﺘﺪا ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﻣﻲ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ‬، ‫ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ‬.‫ﺷﻮد‬
‫ اﻣﺎ آﺳﻴﺐ‬،‫ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮي از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي در اﺛﺮ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﻏﻠﻂ ﻫﻢ دارﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺿﺮوري ﺑﻨﻈﺮ‬
،‫ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ آﺗﺶ در ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻳﺎ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬.‫ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬
‫ و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﻴﺮي ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﻳﺰي ﺷﺪه‬
، ‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي آﺳﻴﺐ رﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﺮارت‬.‫ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود و‬.‫دود و آب ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
،‫ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت از آﺗﺶ ﺑﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬
‫ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ وﺟﻮد ﻳﻚ ﺳﻘﻒ‬، ‫ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ‬.‫ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫)ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ دﻳﮕﺮي در ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻓﻖ( ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ‬
.‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮف ﺧﺎرج از آﺗﺶ ﺑﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود و ﺣﺮارت ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در اﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻫﻮاي‬،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
.‫آزاد ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
Flame detectors are particularly suited to outside
applications, where there is no ceiling to direct
the products outwards, they are especially suited
to applications in which smoldering is unlikely
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻀﺎي ﺧﺎرج ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺳﻘﻔﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺑﻄﺮف‬
‫ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺧﺎص ﺑﺮاي‬،‫ﺑﻴﺮون وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
In any automatic fire detection system, a detector
has to discriminate between a fire and the normal
environment existing within the buildings or
plants. The system chosen should have detectors
that are suited to the conditions and provide the
earliest reliable warning. Each type of detector
responds at a different rate to different kinds of
fire. With slowly smoldering fire such as the
initial stages of a fire involving cardboard, a
smoke detector would probably operate first. A
fire that evolves heat rapidly and with very little
smoke could operate a heat detector before a
smoke detector. With a flammable liquid fire a
flame detector could operate first. In general,
smoke detectors give appreciably faster
responses than heat detectors, but may be more
vulnerable in giving false alarm.
12
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
(such as in liquid fuels). Flame detectors in
buildings should mainly be used to supplement
heat and smoke detectors, particularly under high
ceilings and provided that an unobstructed view
is possible.
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎﻳﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ و دود ﻛﺮدن‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي‬.(‫ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ) ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺷﻌﻠﻪ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻜﻤﻞ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎً در زﻳﺮ ﺳﻘﻔﻬﺎي ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫دود و ﺣﺮارت‬
.‫ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ از ﻓﻀﺎي ﺑﺎز را ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪ‬
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت‬2-2-6
6.2.2 Choice of heat detectors
Heat detectors are, in general, less sensitive than
smoke detectors and are intended for protection
of property, not life safety protection. They are
unlikely to respond to smoldering fires, and will
require the flames from the fire to reach about
one-third of the distance to the ceiling before
they will operate. Maximum area coverage by a
single detector shall not be considered for greater
than 50 m2. They are therefore not suitable for
the protection of places where unacceptable
losses could be caused by small fires, e.g. in
computer rooms. Before final selection of
detectors type, an estimate should be made of the
extent of the damage likely to occur before
operation of a heat detector. Heat detector with
rate-of-rise elements should be used where
ambient temperatures are low or vary only
slowly. Fixed temperature detectors should be
used where the ambient temperature is likely to
fluctuate rapidly over short periods.
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻄﻮرﻛﻠﻲ از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬،‫ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ اﻣﻮال ﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺟﺎن‬
‫ آﻧﻬﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً ﺑﻪ اﺣﺘﺮاق ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻌﻠﻪ آﺗﺶ ﺑﺮاي رﺳﻴﺪن ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اي در ﺣﺪود ﻳﻚ ﺳﻮم ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ‬.‫ﺗﺎ ﺳﻘﻒ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺮدن اﺣﺘﻴﺎج ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داﺷﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻣﺠﺰا ﭘﻮﺷﺶ داده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺶ‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ‬.‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬50 ‫از‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻲ از آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزﻳﻬﺎي‬
‫ در اﺗﺎﻗﻬﺎي‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل‬.‫ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻛﻮﭼﻚ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﻗﺒﻞ از اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻮع آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺮارت‬.‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
‫ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﺴﺎرت ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻧﺮخ‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺣﺮارت رخ دﻫﺪ‬
‫رﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ آﻫﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دﻣﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ و در ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه‬
.‫ﻧﻮﺳﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
6.2.3 Choice of smoke detectors
Smoke detectors are used where life safety is a
concern. Various types of smoke detectors are as
follows:
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود‬3-2-6
‫ اﻧﻮاع‬.‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود در ﺟﺎﻫﺎﻳﻴﻜﻪ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح زﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود اﺗﺎﻗﻚ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺰاﺳﻴﻮن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي‬1-3-2-6
6.2.3.1 Ionization chamber smoke detectors
should be used to detect smoke containing small
particles such as those produced in rapidly
burning flaming fires. They are less sensitive to
the larger particles found in dense smoke which
may be produced by smoldering materials.
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ دود ﺑﺎ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ آﻧﭽﻪ از ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ آﺗﺶ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ور ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ذرات ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ در دود ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻗﻪ‬
.‫ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﻨﺪ‬
6.2.3.2 Optical smoke detectors should be used to
detect smoke with larger, active, particles found
in optically dense smoke. They are less sensitive
to the small particles found in clean-burning
fires.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻧﻮري دود ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ دود ﺑﺎ ذرات‬2-3-2-6
6.2.3.3 Both types of above smoke detectors have
a sufficiently wide range of applications for the
general fire detection purposes.
،‫ ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺪل آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻ ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪ‬3-3-2-6
6.2.3.4 Certain materials when overheated (e.g.
PVC) or when smoldering (e.g. polyurethane
foam) produce smokes having mainly large
‫ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻌﻴﻦ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺣﺪ ﮔﺮم ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬4-3-2-6
‫)ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻲ وي ﺳﻲ( ﻳﺎ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺳﻮزﻧﺪ و دود ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ و ﻓﻌﺎل ﻧﻮري ﻛﻪ در دود ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر‬
‫ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در‬.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫آﺗﺶﻫﺎي ﺳﻮزان ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺣﺴﺎس اﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪوده ﮔﺴﺘﺮده و ﻛﺎﻣﻠﻲ از ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ آﺗﺶ را دارﻧﺪ‬
13
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
particles to which ionization chamber smoke
detectors should not be applied
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫)ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﻮم ﭘﻠﻲ اورﺗﺎن( دودي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ذرات درﺷﺘﻲ‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود‬،‫اﺳﺎس آن را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎ اﺗﺎﻗﻚ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺰاﺳﻴﻮن ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬5-3-2-6
6.2.3.5 Smoke detectors cannot detect the
products from clean burning liquids (such as
alcohol) which do not produce smoke particles.
This is not usually a serious disadvantage
because a fire will normally involve other
combustible materials at an early stage. Clean
burning fires could be detected by their resulting
thermal turbulence, so optical beam smoke
detectors incorporating thermal turbulence
detection are particularly suitable for such risks.
Smoke
detectors
incorporating
thermal
turbulence detectors may be unsuitable for
installation immediately above blower heaters or
industrial processes that produce appreciable
waste heat.
(‫ازﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻨﻲ را ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ دﻫﻨﺪ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ ﻳﻚ اﺷﻜﺎل‬.‫ﻛﻪ ذرات دود ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻤﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺪي ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮد ﭼﺮا ﻛﻪ آﺗﺶ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮاد‬
-‫ آﺗﺶﻫﺎي ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ‬.‫ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻨﻲ را در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اوﻟﻴﻪ داراﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬،‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﻧﻮع ﻧﻮري ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاﻫﻲ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺗﻼﻃﻢ‬
-‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻄﺮات ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﻣﻲ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود ﺑﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاﻫﻲ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺗﻼﻃﻢ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬.‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺪون ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻي دﻣﻨﺪهﻫﺎي‬
‫ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻳﺎ در ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﺗﻠﻒ ﺷﺪه ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺳﻲ‬
.‫را ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬4-2-6
6.2.4 Choice of flame detectors
‫ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ در ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬1-4-2-6
6.2.4.1 Because of their inability to detect
smoldering fires, flame detectors should be used
in specialized applications or as a supplement to
heat or smoke detectors, and not be considered
as general purpose detectors. Because flame
detectors do not depend on the convective
transport of fire products to the detectors, but on
the virtually instantaneous and straight-line
transmission of flame radiation, flame detectors
can respond to a flaming fire more quickly than
heat or smoke detectors, and do not need to be
mounted on a ceiling
‫آﺗﺸﻬﺎي در ﺣﺎل دود ﻛﺮدن )ﺑﺪون ﺷﻌﻠﻪ( آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ در‬
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص ﻳﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻜﻤﻞ ﺑﺮاي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود و‬
‫ و ﺑﻌﻨﻮان آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻫﺪاف ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮده‬
‫ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از آﺗﺶ ﺑﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
‫ اﻣﺎ در واﻗﻊ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ و ﻟﺤﻈﻪاي اﺷﻌﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬،‫ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ از‬،‫واﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود و ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻪ آﺗﺶﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ و دود‬
.‫ﻛﺮدن ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪ و ﻧﻴﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‬
6.2.4.2 They are particularly suitable for use in
applications such as the general surveillance of
large open areas in warehouses or timber yards,
or the local surveillance of critical areas where
flaming fire may spread very rapidly, e.g. at
pumps, valves or pipe work containing
flammable liquids, or areas of thin vertical
combustibles such as paneling or oil paintings.
‫ اﻳﻦ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در‬2-4-2-6
6.2.4.3 For flame detectors to work with
maximum efficiency, they should have a clear
line-of-sight to the area being protected.
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻨﻜﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬3-4-2-6
6.2.4.4 If there is a chance that the fire may have
an initial smoldering phase, then infrared
detectors should be used, since many ultraviolet
radiations could be absorbed by the smoke before
it reaches the detector.
‫ اﮔﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ آﺗﺶ وارد ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬4-4-2-6
‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎﺋﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺰرگ روﺑﺎز در اﻧﺒﺎرﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺼﻮر اﻟﻮار‬
‫ﺷﻌﻠﻪﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻣﻮرد‬
‫ ﺷﻴﺮآﻻت ﻳﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ‬،‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ‬،‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
.‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي و ﺑﺎرﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺎﺑﻠﻮ ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ رﻧﮓ ﻛﺎري ﻫﺎي روﻏﻨﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻳﺪ روﺷﻨﻲ از ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ‬،‫اﺛﺮﮔﺬاري ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮده‬،‫اﺑﺘﺪاﻳﻲ دود ﻛﺮدن ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﭼﻮن ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از اﺷﻌﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎورا ﺑﻨﻔﺶ ﻗﺒﻞ از رﺳﻴﺪن ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﺷﻮد‬
.‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ دود ﺟﺬب ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
14
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬-7
7. COMBUSTIBLE AND TOXIC GAS
DETECTORS
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-7
7.1 General
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق ﺑﺎﻳﺪ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار‬
‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻫﻮا – ﮔﺎز ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق ﺧﻄﺮي‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺑﺰاري ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﻓﻀﺎي‬.‫ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺟﺎن ﻳﺎ اﻣﻮال ﺷﻮد‬
‫ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬، ‫اﻃﺮاف ﮔﺎز ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ از ﻛﻒ ﻣﺤﺪوده اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻫﻮا ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎز را ﻛﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ‬
.‫ﺗﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎري را دارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫اﺑﺰار ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻘﻒ‬
‫ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ ورود ﻫﻮا ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪوده اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ رﻗﻴﻖ ﺷﺪن ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻫﻮا ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎز ﻛﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﺗﺮ‬
.‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺠﺎري را دارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
Combustible gas detectors should be used
whenever there is the possibility of a hazard to
life or property caused by the accumulation of
combustible gas-air mixture. The apparatus
should be used to monitor a gas atmosphere
below the lower explosive limit, in
circumstances where accumulation of gas may
concentrate the gas/air mixture to potentially
explosive concentrations. The apparatus should
be also used to monitor a gas atmosphere above
the upper explosive limit, in circumstances
where the ingress of air may dilute the gas/air
mixture to potentially explosive concentrations.
: ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note:
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-E-SF-260 ‫ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
For more information refer to IPS-E-SF-260.
‫ اﻧﻮاع آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬2-7
7.2 Types of Combustible and Toxic Gas
Detectors
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺰوري‬1-2-7
7.2.1 Catalytic sensors
‫ در‬،‫اﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺳﻴﻮن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬
.‫ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺰور ﮔﺮم ﺷﺪه اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺳﻴﻮن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي اﻟﻤﺎن ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ‬
.‫از ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮔﺎزي ﻛﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪه ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
The principle of operation depends upon the
oxidation of flammable gas at the surface of an
electrically heated catalytic element. The
oxidation causes the temperature of the sensing
element to change as a function of the
concentration of gas so detected.
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻫﺎي رﺳﺎﻧﺎي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬2-2-7
7.2.2 Thermal conductivity sensors
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫اﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﻠﻔﺎت ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ رﺳﺎﻧﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫رﺳﺎﻧﺎ از ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺎن ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎ ﻛﻪ در‬
‫ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬.‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻗﺮار دارد‬
،‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻟﻤﺎن ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ واﻗﻊ در ﺳﻠﻮل ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
‫ ﻫﺮ دوي اﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ در‬،‫ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ دﻫﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از ﭘﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺪارﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي‬
.‫دﺧﻴﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع از ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮع ﮔﺎز ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ‬
.‫ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫داراي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
. LEL ‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬،‫ ﻣﺘﺎن و ﻏﻴﺮه‬،‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن‬
The principle of operation depends upon the heat
losses by conduction of an electrically heated
resistance element located in a gas sample
stream of fixed velocity. The resulting change of
electrical resistance is compared with that of a
similar sensing element located in a reference
cell, both electrical elements forming part of an
electrical bridge or other measuring circuit.
This type of sensor shall be used for detection of
specified single gases of relatively high thermal
conductivity with respect to air, e.g., hydrogen,
methane, etc. at concentration above the Low
Explosive Level (LEL).
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬3-2-7
7.2.3 Infrared sensors
.‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬب اﺷﻌﻪ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد‬
‫ﮔﺎز ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻓﺘﻮ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪه و ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ و ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮔﺎز‬
The principle of operation depends upon the
absorption of infrared radiation. Gas is detected
by photoelectric means and produces an
electrical signal to provide indications of gas
concentrations and alarms. Infrared sensors may
15
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
be used for the detection of specified
combustible gases in a specified range of
concentrations up to 100% gas and where smoke
and heat detector limitation does not permit this
application.
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫اراﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﻣﺸﺨﺺ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻲ از‬
‫ درﺻﺪ ﮔﺎز و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ‬100 ‫ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺗﺎ‬
.‫ ﺑﻜﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز دود و ﺣﺮارت اﺟﺎزه ﻛﺎر را ﻧﻤﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﻧﻴﻤﻪ رﺳﺎﻧﺎ‬4-2-7
7.2.4 Semiconductor sensors
‫اﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات رﺳﺎﻧﺎﻳﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺬب ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻟﻤﺎن ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ رﺳﺎﻧﺎي ﮔﺮم‬
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات‬.‫ﺷﺪه در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻳﻚ ﮔﺎز ﻗﺮار ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮد ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫رﺳﺎﻧﺎﺋﻲ در ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪار اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد و‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه در ﻫﺮ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻓﻘﻂ‬.‫ ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮه ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬،‫ﮔﺎز و ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻳﻚ ﮔﺎز ﻣﻌﻴﻦ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﺘﺮاﻛﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
.‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
The principle of operation depends upon
changes of electrical conductance that occur by
chemisorptions when the heated semiconductor
sensing element is exposed to gas. The changes
of conduction are then determined in an
appropriate electrical circuit and the apparatus is
calibrated in any suitable range to provide
indications of gas concentrations and alarms.
This type of sensor is normally only used for the
detection of a specified gas in a nominated range
of concentrations.
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬3-7
7.3 Selection of Apparatus
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺎزي ﻛﻪ ﻻزم ﺑﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬1-3-7
7.3.1 The gas apparatus should be sensitive to
each of the gases that it is required to detect, and
should also be suitable for the range of
concentrations of the gases that will be
encountered. Where a range of gases is likely to
be present in an area to be monitored, it is
recommended that a detector be selected that has
been calibrated to the gas in that range to which
it is least sensitive. However care should be
taken to ensure that the sensors so calibrated will
remain adequately sensitive to the other gases
likely to be present. If this is not practicable,
then an alternative approach is to select separate
sensors, calibrated to the different gases likely to
be present.
‫ ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻏﻠﻈﺖ‬،‫اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ﮔﺎزﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودهاي از ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه‬
-‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮه ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎز در ﻣﺤﺪوده‬،‫ﻣﻴﮕﺮدد‬
‫ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫اي ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ را دارد‬
‫اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن از اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮه ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ راه ﺣﻞ ﺑﻌﺪي‬،‫ اﮔﺮ اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻧﺒﻮد‬.‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﻬﺎي ﻻزم ﺑﻌﻤﻞ آﻳﺪ‬
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً وﺟﻮد ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داﺷﺖ‬
.‫ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺰا و ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮه ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎز ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ‬2-3-7
7.3.2 Fixed gas detection apparatus may be
designed to produce any or all of the following:
:‫ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ را ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻮد‬
a) Indication of gas concentration;
،‫اﻟﻒ( ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﮔﺎز‬
b) Audible and/or visual alarms;
،‫ب( ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻌﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﺼﺮي‬
c) Electrical outputs to initiate actions
such as process shutdown and automatic
fire fighting procedures.
‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬،‫ج( ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ راه اﻧﺪازي‬
،‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ و اﻧﺠﺎم اﻃﻔﺎء ﺣﺮﻳﻖ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬
(H2S) ‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن‬4-7
7.4 Toxic (H2S) Gas Detectors
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ واﺣﺪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي در‬1-4-7
7.4.1 Toxic gas detectors shall be located
adjacent to process plant wherever hydrogen
sulfide (H2S) concentrations in process streams
exceed approximately 1500 ppm and a source of
release have been identified.
‫ﺟﺎﻳﻲﻛﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن در ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ‬
‫ ﺟﺰء در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻛﻨﺪ و ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬1500 ‫از‬
.‫ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫داده ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﺸﺘﻲ از ﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ در آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻌﻼوه ﻫﻮاي ورودي از‬.‫ﻫﻴﺪروژن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﻮد‬
A leak of hydrocarbons shall be implied by
detection of H2S. In addition, HVAC air intakes
to 'normally manned' areas shall also be
16
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
monitored for toxic gas ingress. This shall be
achieved by the use of aspirator cabinets, which
provide a stable sampling environment and a fast
response from detectors
‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ورود‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از‬.‫ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ﭘﺎﻳﺪار و ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬،‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﻛﺶ‬
.‫ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﻳﺮد‬،‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬
7.4.2 Electrochemical point toxic gas detectors
shall be of a type resistant to poisoning, shall
respond to a level of accumulation, and shall be
designed to alarm at two preset levels. The first
alarm level will initiate a low level alarm set at
30ppm.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﻜﺘﺮو ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از‬2-4-7
7.4.3 To allow a level of redundancy, typically
the minimum number of H2S detectors in any
one fire zone shall be three, wired on separate
circuits. This will allow for single detector
failure or fault. Activation of any two detectors
at 30 ppm within any one fire zone shall be
required to initiate a confirmed gas alarm and
subsequent executive actions. Operation of one
or more detectors at 10 ppm or a single detector
at 30 ppm shall initiate an alarm in the control.
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺗﻌﺪاد‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي داﺷﺘﻦ اﻓﺰوﻧﮕﻲ‬3-4-7
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ درﺟﻪ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻋﻜﺲ‬،‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﻘﺎوم در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻣﺴﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داده و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ در ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ‬
‫ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ‬.‫از ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪه ﻫﺸﺪار دﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ آﻏﺎز‬،‫ ﺟﺰء در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺷﺪه‬30 ‫در ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن در ﻫﺮ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺪد‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﺟﺎزه ﺧﺮاﺑﻲ‬.‫در ﻣﺪارﻫﺎي ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻛﺸﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎزي ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام‬.‫ﻳﺎ ﺧﻄﺎ را ﺑﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺗﻜﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد‬
‫ ﺟﺰء در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬30 ‫از دو آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز در‬
‫آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي راهاﻧﺪاز ﻫﺸﺪار ﮔﺎز ﺗﺎﺋﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز‬.‫ﺑﻌﺪي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺰء در‬30 ‫ ﺟﺰء در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺳﺎز ﺗﻚ در‬10 ‫در‬
.‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ آﻏﺎزﮔﺮ ﻫﺸﺪار در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺳﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬،‫ در ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻜﻨﺪه ﻫﻮا‬4-4-7
7.4.4 In ventilation, air intakes, three H2S
detectors located in an aspirator cabinet shall be
provided. Detector sampling points from the
aspirator cabinet shall be located upstream of
fire and gas dampers so that external H2S levels
are monitored at all times. Sampled gas shall be
returned to the external environment at a safe
location.
‫ ﻧﻘﺎط‬.‫ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ درﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﺖ ﻣﻜﺶ ﺗﺪارك دﻳﺪه ﺷﻮد‬
-‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز از ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﺖ ﻣﻜﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن‬. ‫ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ ﮔﺎز ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه‬.‫ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﺤﻞ اﻳﻤﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺧﺎرج ﺑﺮﮔﺮداﻧﺪه ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ و ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي‬5-4-7
‫ ﭼﺮا ﻛﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻜﻮ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬0/9 ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪود‬
‫اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن اﻟﺰاﻣﺎً ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ از ﻫﻮا‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﺳﻜﻮي ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﻳﺎ از ﻃﺮف دﻳﮕﺮ‬.‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬
‫ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬،‫در ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
: ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.4.5 Sensors for process area detection and
monitoring systems should be installed
approximately 0.9 m above local grade or on
platforms, as hazardous H2S concentrations are
not necessarily heavier than air. Where
equipment is located on elevated platforms or
otherwise above grade, the requirement for
additional detectors shall be based on:
- The vertical separation of the equipment
from the detectors at grade; and
‫ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬‫در ﺳﻄﺢ ؛‬
- The use of plated or grated, and hence
the shielding effect which might occur
of leaks from detectors.
‫ و‬،‫ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﻣﺸﺒﻚ ﻳﺎ روﻛﺸﺪار‬‫در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ ﻧﺸﺘﻲ از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ درﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ورود ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ دور‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺖ ﺳﻤﻲ اﺗﻔﺎق اﻓﺘﺎده اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺑﺎ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻣﺤﺪود‬
‫ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ دﻳﮕﺮي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻜﻮي ﻫﺎي‬.‫ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
To reduce the likelihood of personnel entering
remote areas with limited access, where a toxic
leak has occurred should be paid attention. Other
17
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
areas including instrument access platforms on
vessels and columns also should be considered.
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬،‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺑﺰاردﻗﻴﻖ در ﻇﺮوف و ﺳﺘﻮن ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ‬
.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫روش ﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﻛﻪ ورود ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺳﺮﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪه ﺟﺎﺋﻴﻜﻪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در‬
-‫ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ اﻣﻨﻴﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫آﻧﻬﺎ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮار ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ و ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺗﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ ﻫﻴﺪروژن در‬
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮار اﺿﺎﻓﻲ و دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬.‫ﺗﻤﺎم اوﻗﺎت ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ در ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﺤﻠﻲ و‬
.‫اﺟﺮاي ﺧﻮب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ‬
.‫رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﮔﺮدد‬
Operational procedures shall ensure that
personnel entering process units or enclosed
areas where H2S might be present, shall carry
breathing air escape sets and portable H2S
monitors with them at all times. Additional
escape sets and breathing apparatus shall be
available at a central location in these areas in
accordance with good practice and local
requirements.
For other toxic gases, the relevant international
standards shall be followed.
7.5 Installation of Combustible and Toxic Gas
Detectors
‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬5-7
7.5.1 A fixed gas detection system should be so
installed that it will be capable of monitoring
every part of a plant or other premises where
combustible / toxic gases may accidentally
accumulate. The system should be capable of
giving an early warning of both the presence and
the location of an accidental accumulation of
combustible / toxic gases, in order to initiate one
or more of the following actions, either
automatically or under manual control:
‫ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدد‬1-5-7
‫ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
،‫ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﺎً ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬/ ‫ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ اوﻟﻴﻪ در ﻫﺮ دو‬.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
،‫ﻣﻮرد وﺟﻮد و ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻲ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺣﺘﺮاق ﻳﺎ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﭼﻪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬،‫ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺾ آﻏﺎز ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ذﻳﻞ‬
: ‫ﻳﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دﺳﺘﻲ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﻫﺸﺪار دﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
a) Safe evacuation of premises;
،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ‬
b) Appropriate fire fighting procedure;
،‫ب( روش ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻃﻔﺎ ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬
c) Shutdown of process or plant;
،‫ج( ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ واﺣﺪ‬
.‫د( ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬
d) Ventilation control.
‫ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه ﻧﺼﺐ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻓﺮادي اﻧﺠﺎم‬2-5-7
7.5.2 Sensors should be located in positions
determined by those who have knowledge of gas
dispersion, the process plant systems and
equipment involved and safety engineering.
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي واﺣﺪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي و‬،‫ﭘﺬﻳﺮد ﻛﻪ داﻧﺶ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ اﻳﻤﻦ را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪاي از روﺷﻬﺎي زﻳﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي از راه‬
:‫دور ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد‬
A combination of following approaches to the
location of remote sensors should be used:
a) Source detection, in which the
sensors are located immediately
adjacent to the likely sources of
hazard;
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ در ﻣﺠﺎورت‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬
b) Perimeter detection, in which the
sensors are located to surround the
whole area of plant from which the
hazard may arise.
‫ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺼﺐ‬،‫ب( ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﻄﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﺮار داده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ؛‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺤﺪوهاي را ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺧﻄﺮ‬
.‫ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ دﻫﺪ‬،‫از آﻧﺠﺎ ﺷﺮوع ﺷﻮد‬
18
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
A combination of source and perimeter detection
should be used for large outdoor sites
(petrochemical plants) and source detection
alone should be used for small enclosed sites.
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪاي از ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ و ﻣﻨﺒﻌﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬
‫ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﻴﺮون ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن )ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ( و ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻨﺒﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﺤﺼﻮر ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
7.5.3 The detection of lighter-than air gases or
vapors, such as methane, and the detection of
heavier-than air gases or vapors, such as octane,
require that the detection apparatus should be
located at appropriate levels relative to the
potential sources of gas leakage. In the former
case the detectors should be located above the
potential source of gas leakage, while in the
latter case they should be located below the
source of gas leakage.
‫ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎز و ﺑﺨﺎرﻫﺎي ﺳﺒﻚ ﺗﺮ از ﻫﻮا ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﺎن و‬3-5-7
7.5.4 Few environmental problems occur in case
of indoor installation of gas detectors. Care
should be taken to protect sensors located
immediately above ovens or boilers from
drought and excessive ambient temperatures. In
such environments, detection errors reduced life
of detectors may result. The provision of correct
ventilation and precautions for such plant,
should therefore not be neglected.
‫ ﻣﺴﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬،‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ در داﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬4-5-7
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎ و ﺑﺨﺎرﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ از ﻫﻮا ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﻛﺘﺎن ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺑﺎﻻي‬.‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه ﻧﺸﺖ ﮔﺎز ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ در ﻣﻮارد ﺑﻌﺪي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮه ﻧﺸﺖ ﮔﺎز ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫در ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﺸﺖ ﮔﺎز ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎي واﻗﻊ در‬.‫ﻛﻤﻲ را اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ و دﻳﮕﻬﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر از ﺧﺸﻜﻲ و ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻴﺶ‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ‬.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﺧﺎص اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﻳﺮد‬،‫از اﻧﺪازه ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬
‫ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﺮ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ را ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎت ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ و‬.‫اﺳﺖ در ﭘﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮيﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴﺎت را ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ دور داﺷﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬،‫ ﻧﺼﺐ در ﺧﺎرج ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬5-5-7
7.5.5 In outdoor installations, the environmental
conditions may be very severe. For example,
high winds may cause drift of the zero reading
and even apparent transient loss of sensitivity
during calibration due to dilution of the
calibration gas being detected. Therefore
adequate weather protection enclosures should
be provided for the sensors. Steam, driving rain,
snow, ice and dust may adversely affect the
detection apparatus to an extent that either the
gas cannot pass through the part of detector
which is called the sintered flashback arrestor or
the function of the sensor is degraded through
moisture penetrating the sensor chamber.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل ﺑﺎدﻫﺎي ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬.‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫اﻧﺤﺮاف از ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺣﺘﻲ از دﺳﺖ دادن ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮي زودﮔﺬر در ﻣﺪت ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮاﺳﻴﻮن ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ رﻗﻴﻖ ﺷﺪﮔﻲ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ‬.‫ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮه ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻮاي ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻳﺦ و ﻏﺒﺎر ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ‬،‫ ﺑﺮف‬،‫ ﺑﺎران ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺨﺎر‬
‫ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازهاي ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎز ﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬،‫ﺑﺮ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ‬
‫ ﺷﺪه‬،‫ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ رﺳﻮب ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
-‫ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ رﺳﻮخ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ در اﺗﺎق ﺣﺴﮕﺮ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺗﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ در ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ آﻻت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻗﺖ‬6-5-7
7.5.6 In the case of machine mounted systems,
care should be taken to ensure that the sensor
has been designed to withstand vibration or that
suitable vibration isolation is provided.
8. CONTROL
CRITERIA
EQUIPMENT
‫ﻛﺮد ﺗﺎ اﻳﻦ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺴﮕﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
،‫ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻟﺮزش ﻳﺎ اﻳﺰوﻻﺳﻴﻮن ﻟﺮزش ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
.‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬-8
DESIGN
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1 -8
8.1 General
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﺑﺎزﺳﺎزي ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎلﻫﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ از‬،‫ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬،‫درﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬
،‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻫﺸﺪار ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ آن ﺳﺮﭼﺸﻤﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
Control and indicating equipment should
comprise equipment for the reception,
indication, control and relaying of signals
originating from detectors or call points
19
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
connected to it, and for the activation of alarm
sounders and alarm signaling devices. Also the
system shall be capable of data transmission to
other system (e.g. D.C.S, PLC, etc.) via standard
communication protocol
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫و وﺳﺎﺋﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺻﻮﺗﻲ و دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬.‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ دﻫﻲ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
-‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬،‫داده ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ دﻳﮕﺮ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ و ﻏﻴﺮه( از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدي‬2-8
8.2 Functional Requirement
‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﺸﺪار‬1-2-8
8.2.1 Alarm condition
،‫ وﻗﺘﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬1-1-2-8
8.2.1.1 When a fire or gas state is detected, the
control unit shall activate the following:
:‫واﺣﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ را ﻓﻌﺎل ﺳﺎزد‬
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪارﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮق دار‬
a) Outputs to external circuits, for
energizing of fire alarm devices, (e.g.
sounders) external to the control and
indicating equipment, so arranged that a
single open circuit or short circuit at any
point on the external wiring will not
prevent the fire alarm devices from
operating.
‫ﻛﺮدن دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬
،‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺻﺪا( ﺧﺎرج از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪار ﺑﺎز ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺪار اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺗﻜﻲ در ﻫﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﻪاي ﺑﺮ روي ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار‬،‫ﻛﺸﻲ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
.‫آﺗﺶ ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
.‫ب( ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ روﻳﺖ از ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ‬
b) A visible indication of the fire alarm.
‫ج( ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ روﻳﺖ داﺋﻤﻲ و ﻣﺠﺰا ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
c) A separate and continuous visible
indication for each zone in which a
detector or manual call point has
operated.
‫ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺧﻄﺎر دﺳﺘﻲ در آن ﻓﻌﺎل‬
.‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫د( ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
d) Operation of other functions specified
by the user, such as initiation of signals,
to fire protection equipment.
‫ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ راهاﻧﺪازي ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ‬،‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮ‬
.‫آﺗﺶ‬
‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻛﺮدن ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎي‬2-1-2-8
8.2.1.2 Switches shall be provided to silence the
alarm condition responses in (a). The alarm
condition responses specified in (a) shall
continue until silenced by the manual operation
of either the appropriate silencing switch or the
reset switch. They shall not be automatically
silenced. It is recommended that the reset switch
is not operated until the source of the alarm is
identified. While the alarm devices are silenced,
an audible signal shall be given at the control
and indicating equipment, until the fire alarm
system is reset. This audible signal, which may
be the same as the fault warning, shall give a
different and distinctive sound from any fire
alarm sounder. This signal shall sound for a
minimum of 0.5 Sec. at least once every 15 Sec.
‫ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﺸﺪار‬.‫ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﺸﺪار در )اﻟﻒ( ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه در )اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎن ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻛﺮدن از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬
،‫دﺳﺘﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻛﺮدن ﻳﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ راه اﻧﺪازي‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬.‫ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬.‫اداﻣﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
.‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻜﻨﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻛﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻫﺎي راه اﻧﺪازي ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻫﺸﺪار‬
‫ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل‬،‫در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه داده ﺷﻮد‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻬﺎي‬.‫ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ ﻣﺠﺪداً راه اﻧﺪازي ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺻﺪاﻳﻲ‬،‫ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺧﻄﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺻﻮﺗﻲ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت از ﻫﺮ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺻﻮﺗﻲ آﺗﺶ را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﺒﺎر‬15 ‫ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ و دﺳﺖ ﻛﻢ ﻫﺮ‬0/5 ‫ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه در‬3-1-2-8
8.2.1.3 The fire alarm responses specified in
items (b), (c), (d) of 8.2.1.1, once given with
‫ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﺻﻮﺗﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ‬،1-1-2-8 ‫ از‬،‫ د‬،‫ ج‬،‫ﻣﻮارد ب‬
20
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
audible signal shall all persist until the system is
manually reset.
‫اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺼﻮرت دﺳﺘﻲ ﻣﺠﺪداً راه اﻧﺪازي‬
.‫ﺷﻮد ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﻴﺪاري و دﻳﺪاري ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‬4-1-2-8
8.2.1.4 Local audible and visual alarms
‫ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ‬, ‫ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در واﺣﺪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي‬
‫ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺮق و ﺧﺎرج از اﺗﺎقﻫﺎي‬،‫ اﺗﺎق ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬،‫ﻣﺨﺎزن ﻧﻔﺖ‬
.‫آﻧﺎﻻﻳﺰر ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﻮد‬
Fire and gas audible alarms shall be provided in
the process unit, in the Tank Farm, in the
Control Room, in the Electrical Substation and
outside above the door of the Analyzer Houses.
They shall be as follows:
-
Bells for buildings
-
Horns for open areas (at least 117
dB (A) at 1m) with two different
tones:
o
Discontinuous for gas detection
o
Continuous for fire detection
:‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫زﻧﮕﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬
1 ‫ در‬dB(A) 117 ‫ﺑﻮق ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎز ) ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
: ‫ﻣﺘﺮ( ﺑﺎ دو ﺻﺪاي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬
‫ﻧﺎﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎز‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ آﺗﺶ‬
The colours should be as follows:
Red for fire and flammable gas
detection
-
Blue for toxic gas detection
-
o
o
‫ﭼﺮاﻏﻬﺎي ﭼﺸﻤﻚ زن ﻫﺸﺪار ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﺮ ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪا‬
‫)ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ و ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎ( و ﺧﺎرج و ﺑﺎﻻي درب اﺗﺎقﻫﺎي‬
.‫آﻧﺎﻻﻳﺰر ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺷﻮد‬
: ‫رﻧﮕﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎز ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل و آﺗﺶ‬-
Alarm flashing lights shall be provided in noisy
areas (pumps and compressors areas) and
outside above the door of the analyzer houses.
-
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
‫آﺑﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﻤﻲ‬
-
‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺧﻄﺎ‬2-2-8
8.2.2 Fault warning condition
‫ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ‬1-2-2-8
8.2.2.1 Fault warnings shall be given by at least
the following:
:‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻳﻚ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺻﻮﺗﻲ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺻﺪا در‬
a) An audible warning from a sounder
situated at the control and indicating
equipment and preferably within it. The
sound level shall not be less than 50 dB
(A) at every point less than 1m from the
control equipment enclosure. (For others
refer to NFPA 70)
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎً در‬
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺻﺪا ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬.‫داﺧﻞ آن واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ از‬1 ‫ در ﻫﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬50 dB(A) ‫از‬
‫ )ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮارد‬.‫ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.(‫ رﺟﻮع ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬NFPA 70 ‫ﺑﻪ‬
b) A visible indication on the indicating
equipment.
‫ب( ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ روﻳﺖ در ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن‬
c) A visible indication of the zone or
location concerned in the event of faults
such as short circuit or disconnection of
the leads to one or more detectors and/or
call points, and removal of any detector.
‫ج( ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ روﻳﺖ از ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮرد‬
d) A signal for transmission to a remote
manned centre where provision for such
a link is made.
‫د( ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﺑﺮاي ارﺳﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ دور داراي‬
‫دﻫﻨﺪه‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮ در زﻣﺎن روﻳﺪاد ﺧﻄﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻴﻢﻫﺎ از ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ و ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﺎط‬
.‫اﺧﻄﺎر و ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
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‫ ﻋﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺧﻄﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﺪت‬2-2-2-8
8.2.2.2 The fault warning condition responses
shall be given within 100 Sec. of the occurrence
of any one of the following:
: ‫ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ از زﻣﺎن وﻗﻮع ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ روي دﻫﺪ‬100
‫اﻟﻒ( اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ارﺗﺒﺎط از ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از‬
a) Short-circuit or disconnection of the
connection to any normal power supply,
standby power supply and battery
charging equipment associated with the
giving of an alarm of fire and gas.
‫ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎر و‬،‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺷﺎرژ ﺑﺎﺗﺮي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺸﺪاردﻫﻲ ﮔﺎز و‬
.‫آﺗﺶ‬
b) Short-circuit or disconnection of the
leads to one or more detectors and/or
call points if the fault would disable one
or more detectors and/or call points.
‫ب( اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻴﻢﻫﺎ از ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬
c) Removal of any detector or call point
of the plug-in type or disconnection
from its transmitter or power supply.
‫ج( ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام از آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﺎط‬
d) Short-circuit or disconnection of any
leads to fire alarm devices (sounders)
external to control and indicating
equipment.
‫د( اﺗﺼﺎل ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻫﺎ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬
e) Cessation of any scanning or
interrogating process within the control
equipment.
‫ﻫ( ﻗﻄﻊ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام از ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‬
f) Rupture of any fuse or operation of
any protective device such as to prevent
a fire alarm being given.
‫و( ﻗﻄﻊ ﻓﻴﻮز ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام از دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬
g) Failure of a processor to correctly
execute its software.
‫ز( ﭘﻴﻐﺎم ﺧﻄﺎي ﭘﺮدازﺷﮕﺮ در اﺟﺮاي ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﺮم‬
h) Detection of any error in memory
checking procedure.
‫ح( ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﺷﺘﺒﺎه در روﻧﺪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ‬
‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز و ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﺎط اﺧﻄﺎر اﮔﺮ ﺧﻄﺎ از ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ‬
.‫ﭼﻨﺪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز و ﻳﺎ ﻧﻘﺎط اﺧﻄﺎر را از ﻛﺎر ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺪازد‬
‫اﺧﻄﺎر ﻧﻮع دوﺷﺎﺧﻪاي ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﺮدن از ﻓﺮﺳﺘﻨﺪه‬
.‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ )دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺻﺪا( ﺑﺼﻮرت‬
. ‫ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
.‫در ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ‬
.‫داده ﺷﻮد‬
.‫اﻓﺰار‬
.‫ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ‬
‫ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎي ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﻮرد اﻟﻒ( از ﺑﻨﺪ‬3-2-2-8
8.2.2.3 The audible warning specified in item (a)
of 8.2.2.1 shall be distinctive and of different
character from any fire alarm sounder. This
signal shall sound for a minimum of 0.5 Sec. at
least every 5 Sec.
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و ﺑﺎ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﻲ از ﻫﺮﻛﺪام از‬1-2-2-8
0/5 ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬.‫ﺻﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺻﺪا ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬5 ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ و دﺳﺖ ﻛﻢ ﻫﺮ‬
‫ اﮔﺮ ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻛﺮدن ﻫﺸﺪار ﺑﺼﻮرت دﺳﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬4-2-2-8
8.2.2.4 If provision is made for manually
silencing the fault sounder, the removal of the
fault shall automatically reset the audible fault
warning circuit or shall cause the audible fault
warning to re-sound until this circuit is reset
manually. The occurrence of a fault in a
different zone, or a different fault in the same
zone, while the sounder is silenced, shall cause
the sounder to sound again
‫ ﻣﺪار ﻫﺸﺪار ﺧﻄﺎي ﺻﻮﺗﻲ را ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬،‫ ﺣﺬف ﺧﻄﺎ‬،‫ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻫﺸﺪار ﺧﻄﺎي ﺻﻮﺗﻲ ﻣﺠﺪداً ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬،‫راه اﻧﺪازي ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻧﻤﻮد‬
‫ ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺪار ﺑﺼﻮرت دﺳﺘﻲ راه اﻧﺪازي‬،‫ﺻﺪا ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻄﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬،‫ وﻗﻮع ﺧﻄﺎ در ﻳﻚ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬.‫ﻣﺠﺪد ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺻﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬،‫ زﻣﺎﻧﻴﻜﻪ ﺻﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫در ﻫﻤﺎن ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬
.‫دوﺑﺎره ﺻﺪا ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد‬
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‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري‬3-8
8.3 Construction Requirement
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه در ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪاي ﻛﻪ درﺟﻪ‬1-3-8
8.3.1 The control and indicating equipment shall
be housed in an enclosure providing a degree of
protection of at least IP 31. To prevent dust
deposition inside the equipment, the top of the
enclosure shall be imperforated except for cable
entries which shall be provided with dustproof
seals.
‫ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﺎي داده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬IP 31 ‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪن ﻏﺒﺎر در ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺑﺮاي ورود ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ آب ﺑﻨﺪيﻫﺎي‬،‫ﺑﺪون ﺳﻮراخ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺿﺪ ﺧﺎك در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
8.3.2 All manual controls shall be robust,
positive in operation and so designed and
positioned as to restrict the likelihood of
accidental operation. All manual controls shall
be clearly labeled to indicate their function.
‫ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ در ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت‬،‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﺎي دﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ‬2-3-8
8.3.3 The colors of visual indicators shall be as
follows:
‫ رﻧﮓ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي دﻳﺪاري ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ‬3-3-8
‫و ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺧﻮب ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم‬
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي‬.‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ را ﻣﺤﺪود ﺳﺎزد‬
‫دﺳﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ وﺿﻮح ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ داده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺮح وﻇﺎﻳﻔﺸﺎن‬
.‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن‬
a) Fire alarm indicators and other
indicators shown only during a fire
condition shall be red.
.‫دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ در زﻣﺎن ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫ب( ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ زرد ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
b) Indicators of fault shall be yellow.
c) The indicator of energized status shall
be green.
‫ج( ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﺮق دار ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ آﺑﻲ‬
d) Indicators of other functions within
the fire alarm system shall not be red or
green
‫د( ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدﻫﺎ در ﻳﻚ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺸﺪار آﺗﺶ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮرﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ و ﻧﻮرﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﻤﻚ‬4-3-8
8.3.4 Indications shall be given either by steady
lights or by flashing lights. Where flashing lights
are used, the ’on’ and ’off’ periods shall each be
not less than 0.25 sec. The rates of flashing shall
be as follows:
-‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮرﻫﺎي ﭼﺸﻤﻚ زن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ‬.‫زن ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬0/25 ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ دورهﻫﺎي روﺷﻦ و ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
:‫ ﻧﺮخ ﺧﺎﻣﻮش و روﺷﻦ ﺷﺪن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬.‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﺮﺗﺰ‬1 ‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي آﺗﺶ‬
a) For indicators of fire, not less than 1.0
Hz. (For maximum refer to NFPA 70)
‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬NFPA 70 ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ) ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺪار ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
.(‫ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﺮﺗﺰ‬0/2 ‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬،‫ب( ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺎ‬
b) For indicators of fault, not less than
0.2 Hz.
.‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﻮب و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬5-3-8
8.3.5 Components of good and acceptable
quality shall be used and the manufacturer of the
equipment shall certify that all components are
suitable for their purpose and are operable
within their ratings.
‫و ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﺑﺮاي‬
.‫اﻫﺪاف آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮده و ﻋﻤﻠﻲ در ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬4-8
8.4 Electrical Requirement
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮق ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺧﻮد را‬1-4-8
8.4.1 The control and indicating equipment shall
derive its power from a normally continuous and
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April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
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reliable source. A standby power supply
consisting of a secondary battery with automatic
charging unit shall also provided to be available
in the event of failure of main power supply.
The main and standby power supplies shall each
be capable of supplying the maximum load
under normal, fault and fire conditions.
‫ ﻳﻚ‬.‫از ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آورﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺮق در ﺣﺎل اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﺗﺮي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎ واﺣﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺎرژ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در زﻣﺎن ﺧﻄﺎي ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﺻﻠﻲ و در ﺣﺎل اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﺮق‬.‫ در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
‫ ﺧﻄﺎ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪام ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺎر در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ‬
.‫و آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
8.4.2 An appropriate means of automatic
charging shall be provided for any standby
battery. The system for recharging the standby
battery shall be capable of recharging the battery
to 85% of its rated capacity in 24 hours.
‫ ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺷﺎرژ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺗﺮي‬2-4-8
8.4.3 Transitions between the main and standby
supplies and vice versa shall not cause any
change in any indication, warnings or outputs
being given by the control and indicating
equipment, other than those relating to the
power supplies.
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ از ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺻﻠﻲ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ در‬3-4-8
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺎرژ ﻣﺠﺪد ﺑﺎﺗﺮي در‬.‫در ﺣﺎل اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ درﺻﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬85 ‫ﺣﺎل اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎرژ ﻣﺠﺪد ﺑﺎﺗﺮي ﺗﺎ‬
.‫ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬24 ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻲ آن را در‬
‫ﺣﺎل اﻧﺘﻈﺎر و ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ در ﻧﺸﺎن‬
‫ ﻫﺸﺪارﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲﻫﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن‬،‫دﻫﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬
-‫دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ اﻧﺮژي ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ‬
.‫ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد آﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬-9
9. INSTALLATION OF FIRE AND GAS
DETECTORS
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-9
9.1 General
9.1.1 Where subject to mechanical damage,
detectors shall be protected.
،‫ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺴﺎرتﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ وﺟﻮد دارد‬1-1-9
9.1.2 Detectors shall be supported independently
of their attachment to the circuit conductors.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ از ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻫﺎديﻫﺎي ﻣﺪار‬2-1-9
9.1.3 In the case of solid joist construction,
detectors shall be mounted at the bottom of the
joist.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در‬،‫ در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي اﺳﺘﻮار‬3-1-9
.‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺧﻮد ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﻴﺮك ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬2-9
9.2 Installation of Heat Detectors
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت از ﻧﻮع ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻘﻒ‬1-2-9
9.2.1 Spot-type heat detectors shall be located on
the ceiling not less than 150 mm from the side
wall, or on the side walls between 100 mm and
300 mm from the ceiling (Fig. 2).
‫ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮ دﻳﻮارﻫﺎي‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از دﻳﻮار ﻛﻨﺎري‬150 ‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از ﺳﻘﻒ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬300 ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و‬100 ‫ﻛﻨﺎري ﺑﻴﻦ‬
(2 ‫)ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت از ﻧﻮع ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻘﻒ‬2-2-9
9.2.2 Line type heat detectors shall be located on
the ceilings or on the side walls not more than
500 mm from the ceiling.
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از ﺳﻘﻒ ﻧﺼﺐ‬500 ‫ﻳﺎ دﻳﻮارﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺎري ﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از‬
.‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود‬3-9
9.3 Installation of Smoke Detectors
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود از ﻧﻮع ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻘﻒ ﺑﺎ‬1-3-9
9.3.1 Spot-type smoke detectors shall be located
on the ceiling not less than 150 mm from a
sidewall, or if on the sidewall, between 150 mm
to 300 mm from the ceiling.
‫ ﻳﺎ در ﺻﻮرت ﻧﺼﺐ‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از دﻳﻮار ﻛﻨﺎري‬150 ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ از ﺳﻘﻒ‬300 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬150 ‫ ﺑﻴﻦ‬،‫ﺑﺮ روي دﻳﻮار ﻛﻨﺎري‬
.‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
24
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
9.3.2 Line-type smoke detectors shall be located
on the ceiling or on the sidewalls not more than
500 mm from the ceiling.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي دود از ﻧﻮع ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻘﻒ ﻳﺎ‬2-3-9
9.3.3 On smooth ceilings, with no forced air
flow, spacing of 9 meter may be used as a guide.
‫ ﺑﺪون ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺸﺮده ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬،‫ روي ﺳﻘﻒ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎف‬3-3-9
9.3.4 For peaked type sloped ceilings, a row of
detectors shall be first spaced and located within
900 mm of the peak measured horizontally. The
number and spacing of additional detectors, if
any, shall be based on the horizontal projection
of the ceiling (Fig. 3).
‫ ردﻳﻔﻲ از‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻘﻒﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﺐدار از ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﺮواﻧﻲ‬4-3-9
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از ﺳﻘﻒ‬500 ‫دﻳﻮارﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺎري در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪاي ﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از‬
.‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬9
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي اﻧﺪازه اﻓﻘﻲ ﻗﻠﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬900 ‫آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در‬
‫ ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮔﺬاري آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي‬.‫ﮔﺬاري و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ اﻓﻘﻲ ﺳﻘﻒ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬،‫ در ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد‬،‫اﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬
.(3 ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ )ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻫﺎﺋﻲ‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻘﻒ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﺐ دار از ﻧﻮع آﻟﻮﻧﻜﻲ‬5-3-9
9.3.5 For shed type slope ceilings, or ceilings
having a rise greater than 300 mm in 2400 mm
(1 ft in 8 ft), shall have a row of detectors
located on the ceiling within 900 mm (3 ft) of
the high side of the ceiling measured
horizontally. Spaced in accordance with the type
of ceiling construction, if any, shall be located in
the remaining area on the basis of the horizontal
projection of the ceiling (Fig.4).
‫ ﻓﻮت در‬1) ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬2400 ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ در‬300 ‫ﻛﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ردﻳﻒ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻘﻒ در ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﻮت( دارﻧﺪ‬8
‫ ﻓﻮت( از ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻘﻒ ﻛﻪ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﻓﻘﻲ‬3)‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬900
‫ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮔﺬاري ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮع‬.‫ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪه ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي‬،‫ در ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد‬،‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺳﻘﻒ‬
.(4 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ اﻓﻘﻲ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ) ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬،‫ درﺟﻪ‬30 ‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎم ﺷﻴﺐدار ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬6-3-9
9.3.6 For a roof slope of less than 30 degrees,
all detectors shall be spaced using the height at
the peak and for greater than 30 degrees, the
average slope height shall be used for all
detectors other than those located in the peak.
30 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﻠﻨﺪي ﻗﻠﻪ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮔﺬاري ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از‬
‫ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺐ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬،‫درﺟﻪ‬
.‫ﺷﻮد ﺑﻐﻴﺮ از آﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻗﻠﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻧﺼﺐ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬4-9
9.4 Installation of Flame Detectors
9.4.1 Flame detectors shall be so designed and
installed that their field of vision will be
sufficient to assure detection of specified area of
fire.
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه‬1-4-9
9.4.2 Where conveyance of materials on chutes
or belts, or in ducts or tubes, or otherwise, to or
past a detector is involved, spacing
considerations will not govern, but strategic
placement of detectors is required to assure
adequate detection.
‫ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺮ روي ﻧﺎوداﻧﻲ ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬2-4-9
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺪان دﻳﺪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﺷﺪه آﺗﺶ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎ‬،‫ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ دﻳﮕﺮي اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ ﭘﺬﻳﺮد‬،‫ﻳﺎ در داﻛﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮔﺬاري ﻣﻘﺮر‬،‫از ﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﻋﺒﻮر ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺟﺎي ﮔﺬاري اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﻳﻚ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي‬
.‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‬
‫ آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﻴﻠﺪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ‬،‫ در ﺻﻮرت ﻟﺰوم‬3-4-9
9.4.3 Where necessary, detectors shall be
shielded or otherwise arranged to prevent action
from unwanted radiant energy.
‫دﻳﮕﺮي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ از ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻣﻮﺟﻲ ﻧﺎﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪ‬
.‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﻮد‬
: ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note:
.‫در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﻮارد ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
In all cases the manufacturer’s recommendations
shall be followed.
25
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
1 ‫راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
Key to Figure 1
‫ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ وﻇﺎﻳﻒ زﻳﺎدي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
‫ ﺑﻪ‬1 ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ رﺳﺪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه در ﺷﻜﻞ‬،‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ‬.‫ ﮔﺮوه اﺻﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬3
‫' در‬x', 'y', 'z' ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ‬
.‫ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬1 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
Because of the various duties they are called
upon to perform, it is convenient to divide the
equipment shown in Fig. 1 into three functional
groups. These groups, which have no
relationship to the location of the component
parts, are designated as ’X’, ’Y’ and ’Z’ in Fig.1
‫اﻟﻒ( آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬
A) Fire and gas detector
‫ب( ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎز‬
B) Detector control and indicating
equipment
‫ج( دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺸﺪار ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬
C) Fire and gas alarm device
‫د( ﻧﻘﺎط اﺧﻄﺎر دﺳﺘﻲ‬
D) Manual call point
‫ﻫ( ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻫﺸﺪار ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬
E) Fire and gas alarm routing equipment
‫و( ﭘﺎﻳﮕﺎه درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺸﺪار ﮔﺎز و آﺗﺶ‬
F) Fire and gas alarm receiving station
‫ز( ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ آﺗﺶ‬
G) Control for automatic fire protection
equipment
‫ح( ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ آﺗﺶ‬
H) Automatic fire protection equipment
L) Power supply
‫ط( ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬
M) Event logger
‫ي( واﻗﻌﻪ ﻧﮕﺎر‬
26
April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
IPS-G-IN-270(2)
__ Equipment and connection elements always present in an automatic fire detection system.
--- Equipment and connection elements sometimes present in an automatic fire detection system.
.‫ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ آﺗﺶ وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ‬،‫___ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺗﺼﺎل و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
.‫ ﮔﺎﻫﻲ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ آﺗﺶ وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ‬،‫ اﻟﻤﺎن ﻫﺎي اﺗﺼﺎل و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬--Fig. 1- AUTOMATIC FIRE DETECTION SYSTEMS
‫ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ آﺗﺶ‬-1 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
27
‫)‪IPS-G-IN-270(2‬‬
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‫‪Fig. 2- SPOT-TYPE HEAT DETECTORS - LOCATION IN CORNER AREAS‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ -2‬آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ از ﻧﻮع ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي‪ -‬ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ در ﮔﻮﺷﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻄﻮح‬
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‫)‪IPS-G-IN-270(2‬‬
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‫)‪Fig. 3- SMOKE OR HEAT DETECTORS SPACING LAYOUT SLOPE CEILINGS (PEAKED TYPE‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ -3‬ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﮔﺬاري آﺷﻜﺎرﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارت ﻳﺎ دود ﺑﺮ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﺐ دار )ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﺮواﻧﻲ(‬
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April. 2010/ 1389 ‫اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ‬
Fig. 4- HIGH CEILING AREA SECTION A-A
A-A ‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬،‫ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻘﻒ‬-4 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
30
IPS-G-IN-270(2)