IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ff
FOREWORD
The Iranian Petroleum Standards (IPS) reflect
the views of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum
and are intended for use in the oil and gas
production facilities, oil refineries, chemical and
petrochemical plants, gas handling and
processing installations and other such facilities.
IPS is based on internationally acceptable
standards and includes selections from the items
stipulated in the referenced standards. They are
also supplemented by additional requirements
and/or modifications based on the experience
acquired by the Iranian Petroleum Industry and
the local market availability. The options which
are not specified in the text of the standards are
itemized in data sheet/s, so that, the user can
select his appropriate preferences therein.
The IPS standards are therefore expected to be
sufficiently flexible so that the users can adapt
these standards to their requirements. However,
they may not cover every requirement of each
project. For such cases, an addendum to IPS
Standard shall be prepared by the user which
elaborates the particular requirements of the
user. This addendum together with the relevant
IPS shall form the job specification for the
specific project or work.
The IPS is reviewed and up-dated approximately
every five years. Each standards are subject to
amendment or withdrawal, if required, thus the
latest edition of IPS shall be applicable.
The users of IPS are therefore requested to send
their views and comments, including any
addendum prepared for particular cases to the
following address. These comments and
recommendations will be reviewed by the
relevant technical committee and in case of
approval will be incorporated in the next revision
of the standard.
Standards and Research department
No.19, Street14, North kheradmand
Karimkhan Avenue, Tehran, Iran .
Postal Code- 1585886851
Tel: 021-88810459-60 & 021-66153055
Fax: 021-88810462
Email: Standards@nioc.org
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﺎر‬
‫( ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه دﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻬﺎي‬IPS) ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
‫وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و‬،‫ ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬،‫ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز‬
‫ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و ﻓﺮاورش ﮔﺎز و ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت‬،‫ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮔﺰﻳﺪهﻫﺎﻳﻲ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻴﺎت‬.‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﺸﻮر و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻻ از ﺑﺎزار داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫ ﻣﻮاردي ﺑﻄﻮر ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻲ و ﻳﺎ اﺻﻼﺣﻲ در اﻳﻦ‬،‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫ ﻣﻮاردي از ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ در‬.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ آورده ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ در داده ﺑﺮگﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎره ﮔﺬاري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان آورده ﺷﺪه‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ ﺷﺪه‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎل ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪيﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ را‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي‬.‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ﺧﺎص آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻓﻨﻲ آن ﭘﺮوژه‬،‫اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
.‫و ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎر ﺧﺎص را ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ داد‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻫﺮ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬.‫ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و روزآﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﺣﺬف و ﻳﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﺑﻪ آن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻫﻤﻮاره آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ و‬،‫از ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات اﺻﻼﺣﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮارد‬
‫ ﻧﻈﺮات و‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ زﻳﺮ ارﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺧﺎص ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ در ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و در‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ در ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ‬
.‫ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻮﭼﻪ‬،‫ ﺧﺮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫ ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺨﺎن زﻧﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﺮان‬،‫اﻳﺮان‬
19 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬،‫ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻢ‬
‫اداره ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬
1585886851 : ‫ﻛﺪﭘﺴﺘﻲ‬
021-66153055 ‫ و‬021-8810459- 60 : ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬
021-88810462 : ‫دور ﻧﮕﺎر‬
Standards@nioc.org
:‫ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
: ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
General Definitions:
Throughout this Standard
definitions shall apply.
the
following
Company :
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated
companies of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum
such as National Iranian Oil Company, National
Iranian
Gas
Company,
and
National
Petrochemical Company etc.
Purchaser :
Means the "Company" Where this standard is
part of direct purchaser order by the “Company”,
and the “Contractor” where this Standard is a part
of contract ducments.
Vendor And Supplier:
Refers to firm or person who will supply and/or
fabricate the equipment or material.
Contractor:
Refers to the persons, firm or company whose
tender has been accepted by the company.
Executor :
Executor is the party which carries out all or part
of construction and/or commissioning for the
project.
Inspector :
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by
the company for the inspection of fabrication and
installation work
Shall:
Is used where a provision is mandatory.
Should
Is used where a provision is advisory only.
Will:
Is normally used in connection with the action
by the “Company” rather than by a contractor,
supplier or vendor.
May:
Is used where a provision is completely
discretionary.
.‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‬
: ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و واﺑﺴﺘﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ‬
‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز اﻳﺮان‬،‫ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
.‫ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه اﻃﻼق ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪار‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ "ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﺳﻔﺎرش‬
‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ آن "ﺷﺮﻛﺖ" ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎ "ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ‬
. ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﻗﺮارداد آن اﺳﺖ‬
:‫ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه و ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎي‬
. ‫ﻣﻮرد ﻟﺰوم ﺻﻨﻌﺖ را ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
:‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر‬
‫ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدش‬، ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺼﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺰاﻳﺪه ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
: ‫ﻣﺠﺮي‬
‫ﻣﺠﺮي ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از‬
.‫ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ و ﻳﺎ راه اﻧﺪازي ﭘﺮوژه را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎزرس‬
‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎزرس ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
.‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺟﺒﺎري اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
:‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
.‫ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
: ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬
. ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺧﺘﻴﺎري اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ENGINEERING STANDARD
FOR
BUILDING AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS
FIRST REVISION
NOVEMBER 2009
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
[
‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ اول‬
1388 ‫آذر‬
This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to any third party,
reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in
any form or by any means without the prior written consent of
the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
0
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق آن ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬.‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ آن ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬
‫ ذﺧﻴﺮه‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬، ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻳﺎ روش دﻳﮕﺮي در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻓﺮاد ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬،‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬،‫ﺳﺎزي‬
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Page
No.
0. INTRODUCTION .....................................................6
CONTENTS:
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
:‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
6.............................................................................. ‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-0
1. SCOPE ..........................................................................7
7................................................................... ‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
2. REFERENCES...........................................................8
8 ............................................................................. ‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY............10
10 ................................................................ ‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-3
3.1 Air Washer ...............................................................10
10 ...................................................................... ‫ ﻫﻮاﺷﻮي‬1-3
3.2 Air-Conditioning System...................................10
10 ................................................ ‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬2-3
3.3 Azeotrope ..................................................................10
10 ................................................................... ‫ ازﺋﻮﺗﺮوپ‬3-3
3.4 Ceiling Diffuser ......................................................11
11 ...................................... ‫ درﻳﭽﻪ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮاي ﺳﻘﻔﻲ‬4-3
3.5 Central Fan Air-Conditioning System........11
11 ...................... ‫ ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬5-3
3.6 Water Chiller ..........................................................11
11 ....................................................................‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ آﺑﻲ‬6-3
3.7 Comfort Air-Conditioning................................11
11 ..............................................‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع آﺳﺎﻳﺶ‬7-3
3.8 Conditioned Space ................................................11
11 .................................................‫ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬8-3
3.9 Coolant .......................................................................11
11 ................................................... ‫ ﺳﻴﺎل ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬9-3
3.10 Damper ....................................................................11
11 ........................................................................... ‫ دﻣﭙﺮ‬10-3
3.11 Design Load...........................................................11
11 .................................................................‫ ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬11-3
3.12 Direct Digital Controls .....................................12
12 ..................................... ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬12-3
3.13 Heat Pump .............................................................12
12 ........................................................... ‫ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬13-3
3.14 HVAC Systems.....................................................12
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬14-3
12 .................................................................. ‫و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
3.15 Induction Unit ......................................................12
12 ............................................................. ‫ واﺣﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬15-3
3.16 Optimization .........................................................12
12 ............................................................. ‫ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي‬16-3
3.17 Psychrometric Chart.........................................12
12 ............................................... ‫ ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺳﺎﻳﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮي‬17-3
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
3.18 Relative Humidity...............................................13
13 .......................................................... ‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬18-3
3.19 Variable Air Volume.........................................13
13 ........................................................ ‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﻮا‬19-3
3.20 Zoning ......................................................................13
13 ............................................................ ‫ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬20-3
4. UNITS ...........................................................................13
13...........................................................................‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-4
5. BASIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ...................13
13 ......................................................... ‫ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬-5
5.1 General.......................................................................13
13 ........................................................................ ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-5
5.2 Design Load Factors ............................................14
14 .................................................................. ‫ ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬2-5
5.3 Design Outside Conditions................................15
15 ............................................... ‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﺎرج‬3-5
5.4 Design Inside Conditions ...................................15
15 ............................................... ‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ داﺧﻞ‬4-5
5.5 Solar Heat Gain......................................................15
15 ..........................................‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي‬5-5
5.6 Transmission Heat Gain ....................................15
15 ....................................................‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎي اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻲ‬6-5
5.7 Design Occupancy.................................................16
16 ........................................ ‫ ﮔﺮﻣﺎزاﻳﻲ اﻓﺮاد در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬7-5
5.8 Heat from Appliances & other
Equipment..................................................................17
17 ‫ ﺣﺮارت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات دﻳﮕﺮ‬8-5
5.9 Ventilation and Infiltration ..............................17
17 ....................................................... ‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و ﻧﻔﻮذ ﻫﻮا‬9-5
5.10 Air Motion in Conditioned Spaces..............18
18 ....................... ‫ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻮا در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬10-5
5.11 Safety Provisions .................................................18
18 ........................................................ ‫ ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪات اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬11-5
5.12 Equipment Service Life....................................19
19 ................................................ ‫ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬12-5
6. AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
CLASSIFICATION.....................................................19
19 .................................... ‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬-6
6.1 General.......................................................................19
19 .........................................................................‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-6
6.2 Packaged-Unitary System .................................19
19 .................................................‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬2-6
6.3 Heat Pump System ...............................................22
22 ................................................. ‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬3-6
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
7. METHODS OF FLUID AND AIR
DISTRIBUTION ............................................................23
23 .......................................... ‫ روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺳﻴﺎل و ﻫﻮا‬-7
7.1 Methods of Distributing Fluid Media ..........23
23 ...................................‫ روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺎل‬1-7
7.2 Methods of Air Distribution and
Circulation..................................................................26
26 .......................... ‫ روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا و ﮔﺮدش آن‬2-7
8. CENTRAL HVAC SYSTEM...................................32
32 ...... ‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬،‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬-8
8.1 General.......................................................................32
32 ........................................................................ ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-8
8.2 Refrigeration Machines......................................32
32 ................................................... ‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬2-8
8.3 Central Chillers......................................................32
32 ...................................................... ‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬3-8
8.4 Air Cooled Versus Water Cooled System..36
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آب‬4-8
36 ..............................................................‫ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬
8.5 Chilled/Hot Water Piping .................................38
38 ......................................... ‫ﮔﺮم‬/‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﺸﻲ آب ﺳﺮد‬5-8
8.6 Water Treatment...................................................39
39 .................................................................. ‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب‬6-8
9. EQUIPMENT SELECTION
GUIDELINES...................................................................41
41 ............................................... ‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬-9
9.1 General.......................................................................41
41 .........................................................................‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-9
9.2 Liquid Chiller Selection .....................................41
41 .............................................................. ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ‬2-9
9.3 Absorption Chiller Selection............................44
44 ..................................................‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬3-9
9.4 Centrifugal Chiller Selection ...........................47
47 ...................................... ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬4-9
9.5 Air Handling Unit Selection.............................48
48 ........................................‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن‬5-9
9.6 Fan Coil Selection .................................................49
49 ....................................................... ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬6-9
9.7 Air Induction Unit Selection ............................50
50 ................................................. ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب واﺣﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬7-9
9.8 Cooling Tower Selection ....................................52
52 ........................................ ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬8-9
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
9.9 Pump Selection .......................................................53
53 ...............................................................‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭘﻤﭗ‬9-9
9.10 Cooling Coil Selection.......................................54
54 ............................................. ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬10-9
9.11 Heating Coil Selection ......................................56
56 .............................................. ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬11-9
9.12 Condensing Unit Selection..............................58
58 ........................................ ‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬12-9
10. REFRIGERANTS.......................................................58
58 ................................................................................ ‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ‬-10
10.1 General ....................................................................58
58 ....................................................................... ‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-10
10.2 Properties ...............................................................61
61 ........................................................................ ‫ ﺧﻮاص‬2-10
10.3 Safety Group Classification ...........................61
61 .......................................... ‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮوه اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬3-10
10.4 Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling.........62
62 .................................. ‫ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ و ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺒﺮد‬4-10
11. AUTOMATION AND CONTROLS..................64
64 ........................................................‫ اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮن و ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎ‬-11
11.1 Automatic Controls ...........................................64
64 ................................................. ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري‬1-11
11.2 Actuators.................................................................64
64 .......................................................... ‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬2-11
11.3 Controllers .............................................................65
65 ....................................................... ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ‬3-11
11.4 Modes of Control ................................................66
66 ........................................................ ‫ روﺷﻬﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬4-11
12. BUILDING AUTOMATION AND
CONTROL INTEGRATION...................................66
66 ............................. ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬-12
12.1 Integration and Automation Control........66
66 ...................................... ‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬1-12
12.2 Direct Digital Controls (DDC)......................67
67 ......................................‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻬﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬2-12
12.3 ’Gateways’ to Integration...............................68
68 ...................‫ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺳﺎزي‬3-12
12.4 Communication Protocol Standards .........68
68 .......................... ‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬4-12
ATTACHMENTS:
:‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ‬
ATTACHMENT 1 .........................................................70
70 ...............................................................................1 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 2 ZONING CLASSIFICATION
PER CLIMATIC CONDITION
IN IRAN ......................................71
‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬2 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
71 ................................................. ‫آب و ﻫﻮاي اﻳﺮان‬
ATTACHMENT 3 SCHEDULE OF IRANIAN
CITIES PER ZONING
AREA ............................................72
‫ ﺟﺪول ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي اﻳﺮان ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ‬3 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
72...............................................‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ‬
ATTACHMENT 4 RECOMMENDED RATE OF
HEAT GAIN FROM
SELECTED RESTAURANT
EQUIPMENT a .........................75
‫ ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬4 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
75 .......................................... ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه رﺳﺘﻮران‬
ATTACHMENT 5 RECOMMENDED RATE OF
HEAT GAIN FROM SELECTED
OFFICE EQUIPMENT .........80
‫ ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬5 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
80........................................ ‫دﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﻛﺎر اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه‬
ATTACHMENT 6 RECOMMENDED RATE OF
HEAT GAIN FROM HOSPITAL
EQUIPMENT LOCATED IN
THE AIR CONDITIONED
AREA ............................................82
‫ ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬6 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
82............................................................ ‫ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ‬
ATTACHMENT 7 HEAT GAIN FROM
TYPICAL ELECTRIC
MOTORS ...................................84
84................‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ از ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬7 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
ATTACHMENT 8 EQUIPMENT SERVICE
LIFE..............................................85
85........................................ ‫ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬8 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
ATTACHMENT 9 Acceptable Substitutes for
CfCs (Class I ODS *) In
Household & Light
Commercial Ac.............................87
‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي‬9 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ *( در ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬ODS 1 ‫ )رده‬CfCs
87 ...............................‫ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ﺗﺠﺎري ﺳﺒﻚ‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
0. INTRODUCTION
‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬-0
With the advent of the 1990s new issues and
terminologies are setting trends in the entire
(HVAC&R)* industry. Environmental authorities
are diffusing new culture format in the industry
with particular emphasis to substances that
possess ozone depletion potential. With a result
indoor air quality, air contaminants, clean air act,
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) issues, safety codes
etc. are now either being introduced or redefined.
Changes on each of these issues have a direct
effect on (HVAC&R)* engineering, installation,
operation, maintenance and replacements.
‫ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ‬،1990 ‫ﺑﺎ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات و واژﮔﺎن ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در ﺳﺎل‬
( HVAC&R) * ‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻋﻤﻼً ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ و ﺿﺮورت ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ وﻳﮋه روي ﻣﻮادي ﻛﻪ‬
.‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺗﻬﻲ ﺳﺎزي ازن را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪ‬
،‫ ﺗﻤﻴﺰي ﻫﻮا‬،‫ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻫﻮا‬،‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﻮاي دروﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﻧﻈﺎرت اﻳﻤﻨﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ‬،‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﻛﻠﺮو ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرو ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ در ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از‬.‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻔﻲ ﺗﺎزه ﭘﻴﺪا ﺷﺪ‬،‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻮاد‬
،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻲ در ﻣﻬﻨــﺪﺳﻲ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬،‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات‬
،‫ ﻧﺼﺐ‬،(HVAC&R) * ‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒــــﻮع و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳـــﺶ‬
.‫راﻫﺒﺮي و ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮات اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺬاﺷﺖ‬
This Standard has been developed to help
facilitate the requisites of building air
conditioning, its selection procedures and system
layout required to provide a comfort and healthy
atmosphere in an air conditioning space. A simple
approach to load calculation per ARI and
ASHRAE procedures has been included as a
ready reckoner for the design engineer.
‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻳﺠﺎد ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ در اﻧﺠﺎم درﺧﻮاﺳﺖﻫﺎي‬
‫ روشﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و اﺳﺘﻘﺮار‬،‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ و ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ راﺣﺘﻲ و ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ اﻧﺴﺎن در ﻳﻚ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﻦ‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﺮود‬،‫ﻃﻮر ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ و‬ARI ‫ﻃﺮاح ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ و روشﻫﺎي آن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬ASHRAE
In view of the Montreal Protocol which also
addresses the production phase-out of CFC by
Dec. 31, 1995, special importance has been
provided towards the status of Refrigerants as
described in Clause 10. However due to its
continuous development changes, from HCFC*
to HFC* to blending technique, the subject on
Refrigerants are based on purely information
gathering-stage complying with ASHRAE
Standard 34- 2007.
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺮال ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎز ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي‬
‫ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬،‫ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬1995 ‫ دﺳﺎﻣﺒﺮ‬31 ‫ در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬CFC
‫ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ‬.‫ درج ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ‬10 ‫اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ در ﺑﻨﺪ‬
* HVAC & R Heating,
Ventilating,
Conditioning and Refrigerating
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
*
‫ ﺑﻪ‬HCFC ‫اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ آن ﻓﻦ آوري ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ از‬
‫ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﭼﻜﻴﺪه اﻃﻼﻋﺎت و ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﻳﺖ‬. HFC*
ASHRAE Standard 34- 2007 ‫ﻣﻘﺮرات اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Air-
HVAC&R*
.‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻫﻴﺪروﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬
HCFC*
Hydro Fluorocarbon
‫ﻫﻴﺪروﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬
HFC*
Chlorofluorocarbons
‫ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮر ﻛﺮﺑﻦﻫﺎ‬
CFC*
*HCFC
Hydro Chlorofluorocarbon
*HFC
*CFC
6
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
1. SCOPE
‫ داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-1
This Standard covers the minimum requirement
for practical approach towards, design,
application and various methods of building air
conditioning system together with relevant
automatic controls.
‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺿﺮوري ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ‬
‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد و روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
System components are not individually
described, but guidelines for selection procedure
of equipment and supporting components are
covered in this Standard. It also includes a section
on "central chillers" to describe the importance on
the combination of absorption and centrifugal
chiller system in the HVAC&R industry.
‫ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي روش‬،‫اﺟﺰاء ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ رﻫﻨﻤﻮدﻫﺎﻳﻲ در اﻳﻦ‬،‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه آن‬
This Standard shall be used, when required, in
conjunction with relevant standard drawings.
‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد در ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻜﺎر رود‬
This Standard does not cover the following
subjects which are covered in relevant IPS as
shown below:
‫ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ذﻳﻞ‬IPS ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ذﻳﻞ را ﻛﻪ در‬
:‫اﺳﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻧﻤﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
a) Building Heating System (IPS-E-AR-100).
.(IPS-E-AR-100) ‫اﻟﻒ( ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ داراي ﻳﻚ ﻓﺼﻞ در ﺧﺼﻮص‬.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد وﺟﻮد دارد‬
‫ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ﺟﺬﺑﻲ و ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ را در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ را ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
b) Venting, Ventilation and Pressurizing
System (IPS-E-AR-160).
‫ﻓﺸﺎر‬
c) Humidification and Dehumidification
System (IPS-E-AR-130).
‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖﮔﻴﺮي‬
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳــﻪ و ﺗﺤﺖ‬،‫ب( ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮاﮔﻴﺮي‬
.(IPS-E-AR-160)
‫و‬
‫زﻧﻲ‬
‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧــﻪ‬
(‫ج‬
(IPS-E-AR-130)
Note 1:
:1 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
This standard specification is reviewed and
updated by the relevant technical committee on
Nov 2000, as amendment No. 1 by circular No.
136.
Note 2:
‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ‬1379 ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد در آﺑﺎن ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
1 ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻮارد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
.‫ اﺑﻼغ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‬136 ‫ﻃﻲ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
This standard specification is reviewed and
updated by the relevant technical committee on
May 2004, as amendment No. 2 by circular No.
236.
‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬1383 ‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد در اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
‫ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻮارد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ‬
.‫ اﺑﻼغ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‬236 ‫ ﻃﻲ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره‬2 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬
:2 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
:3 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 3:
‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد دو زﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم و‬1388 ‫ﻛﻪ در آذر ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل‬
(0) ‫ از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬.‫( اراﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬1) ‫ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬
.‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﺴﻮخ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
This bilingual standard is a revised version of the
standard specification by the relevant technical
committee on ***, which is issued as revision
(1). Revision (0) of the said standard specification
is withdrawn.
:4 ‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Note 4:
‫ ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬،‫در ﺻﻮرت اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ و اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻼك ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
In case of conflict between Farsi and English
languages, English language shall govern.
7
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
2. REFERENCES
‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬-2
Throughout this Standard the following dated and
undated standards/codes are referred to. These
referenced documents shall, to the extent
specified herein, form a part of this standard. For
dated references, the edition cited applies. The
applicability of changes in dated references that
occur after the cited date shall be mutually agreed
upon by the Company and the Vendor. For
undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced
documents
(including
any
supplements and amendments) applies.
‫در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار و‬
‫ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﻪ در‬،‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ‬.‫ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ زﻳﺮ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ‬،‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ‬
‫ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬،‫ در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار‬.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻼك ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ در‬
‫ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬،‫آﻧﻬﺎ داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬.‫اﺟﺮا ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫اﻧﻀﻤﺎم ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎي آن ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
SMACNA(SHEET
METAL
AND
AIR
CONDITIONING
CONTRACTOR’S
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION)
‫ )ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﻠﻲ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎران ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و‬SMACNA
.(‫ورﻗﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي‬
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و‬،‫ "ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬SMACNA 2007
"‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
SMACNA 2007 "HVAC System Design"
ARI
(AIR
CONDITIONING
REFRIGERATION INSTITUTE)
(‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬ARI
AND
ARI 550/590
"Standard for Performance
Rating of Water Chilling
Package,
Vapor
Compression Cycle"2003
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻴﺰان ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ واﺣﺪ ﺳﺮد‬ARI 550/590
‫ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺮاﻛﻤﻲ‬،‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه آﺑﻲ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬
2003"‫ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮي‬
ARI 575-94
"Method of Measuring
Machinery Sound within
an Equipment Space"
‫ "روش اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﺻﺪاي ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦآﻻت در‬ARI 575-94
"‫ﻳﻚ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻛﺎرﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬
ARI 410
"Forced-circulation
AirCooling and Air Heating
Coils"2002
‫"ﺟﺮﻳﺎن راﻧﺸﻲ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﻨﻚ و ﻛﻮﻳﻞﻫﺎي‬
2002" ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬
ARI 430-99
"Central
Station
Heating Units"
‫ "اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﺮﻛﺰي دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬ARI 430-99
"‫ﻫﻮا‬
ARI 560
"Absorption
Water
Chilling and Water Heating
Package"2000
‫ "دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ آب و دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬ARI 560
2000"‫ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ آب‬
ARI 700
"Specification
for
Fluorocarbon Refrigerants"
2004
‫ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي‬
Air
‫ﺑﺮاي‬
‫"ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت‬
2004 "‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮروﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻨﻲ‬
ARI 410
ARI 700
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺒﺮد‬ARI 740-98
"‫ﻳﺎ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺠﺪد‬
ARI 740-98 "Standard for Refrigerant
Recovery/Recycling
Equipment"
8
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ASHRAE(AMERICAN
SOCIETY
HEATING REFRIGERATING &
CONDITIONING ENGINEERS)
ASHRAE 135
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ و‬ASHRAE
OF
AIR
(‫ﺑﺮودﺗﻲ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬
‫"ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ دادهﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي اﺗﻮﻣـﺎﺳﻴﻮن ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن و‬
2007 "‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ‬
"Data
Communication
Protocols for Building
Automation and Control
Networks (BACnet)"2007
ASHRAE 135
ASHRAE STD 15 "Safety
Code
for
Mechanical Refrigeration"
2007
‫ "آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮورت‬ASHRAE STD 15
2007 "‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
ASHRAE STD 34 "Number Designation and
Safety Classification of
Refrigerants"2007
‫و‬
ASHRAE
"Fundamental
guidebook" 2005
and
ASME (AMERICAN
SOCIETY
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS)
OF
ASME B31.5
2007
2005 "‫"ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ وﻛﺘﺎب راﻫﻨﻤﺎ‬
ASHRAE
(‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‬ASME
‫"ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ و اﺟﺰاء اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬
2006"‫ﺣﺮارت‬
"Refrigeration Piping and
Heat Transfer Component"
2006
ASME B31.5
(‫ )ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻮا‬AMCA
AMCA (AIR MOVEMENT AND CONTROL
ASSOCIATION)
AMCA 500-D
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ "ﺷﻤــﺎره‬ASHRAE STD 34
"‫ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ‬
‫"روشﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ‬
‫آزﻣﻮن داﻣﭙﺮﻫﺎ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﻴﺰان‬
2007 "‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
"Laboratory Methods of
Testing
Dampers
for
Rating"2007
AMCA 500-D
(‫ )اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان‬IPS
IPS (IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS)
IPS-E-AR-100 "Engineering Standard for
Building Heating System"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬IPS-E-AR-100
"‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
IPS-E-AR-160 "Engineering Standard for
Venting, Ventilation and
Pressurizing System"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬IPS-E-AR-160
"‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ﻫﻮاﮔﻴﺮي‬
IPS-E-AR-130 "Engineering Standard for
Humidification
&
Dehumidification System"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬IPS-E-AR-130
"‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زﻧﻲ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﮔﻴﺮي‬
IPS-E-AR-180 "Engineering Standard for
Cold Stores and Ice Plants"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺮدﺧﺎﻧﻪ و‬IPS-E-AR-180
"‫ﻳﺨﺴﺎزﻫﺎ‬
IPS-M-AR-125 "Material and Equipment
Standard for Packaged Air
Conditioners"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﺎﻻ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺮاي‬IPS-M-AR-125
"‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
9
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
IPS-M-AR-225 "Material and Equipment
Standard
for
General
HVAC&R Equipment"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﺎﻻ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺮاي‬IPS-M-AR-225
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
"‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬
IPS-M-AR-245 "Material and Equipment
Standard for Room Air
Conditioners (Window and
Thru-the-Wall Type)"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﺎﻻ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺮاي‬IPS-M-AR-245
‫ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي اﺗﺎﻗﻲ )ﻧﻮع ﭘﻨﺠﺮهاي‬
"(‫و دﻳﻮاري‬
IPS-M-AR-235 "Material and Equipment
Standard for Insulation of
HVAC&R Field"
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﺎﻻ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺎﻳﻖ‬IPS-M-AR-235
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
"‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ در ﻣﺤﻞ‬
IPS-E-GN-100 "Engineering Standard for
Units"
"‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬IPS-E-GN-100
(‫ )اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﺗﺶ‬NFPA
NFPA (NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION
ASSOCIATION)
"‫ "ﺁﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬NFPA-70-2007
NFPA-70-2007 "National Electrical Code"
(‫ )ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ‬UL
UL (UNDER WRITERS LABORATORY /
INC.)
UL
STD
94
‫ "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﻮن ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬UL STD 94
‫ﻣﻮاد ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺮاي درون وﺳﺎﻳﻞ و‬
"‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎ‬
"Standard for Test for
Flammability of Plastic
Material for Part in Device
and Appliances"
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY
‫ ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن‬-3
3.1 Air Washer
‫ ﻫﻮاﺷﻮي‬1-3
Unit for spraying or atomizing clean water into an
air supply system; capable of heating, cooling,
humidifying, or dehumidifying the air, depending
on whether the water is heated or chilled.
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺎﺷﺶ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ذرات رﻳﺰ آب ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭘﺎﺷﺶ آب ﮔﺮم ﻳﺎ‬
‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زﻧﻲ و‬،‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬،‫ﺳﺮد ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
.‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﮔﻴﺮي در ﻫﻮا ﺑﺸﻮد‬
3.2 Air-Conditioning System
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬2-3
Assembly of equipment for air treatment to
control simultaneously its temperature, humidity,
cleanliness, contamination, and distribution to
meet the requirements of a conditioned space.
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ و ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا را در ﻳﻚ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﻛﻲ‬،‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬،‫دﻣﺎ‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
3.3 Azeotrope
‫ ازﺋﻮﺗﺮوپ‬3-3
A blend of two or more components whose
equilibrium vapor phase and liquid phase
compositions are the same at a given pressure.
‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻃﻲ از دو ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﺰء ﻛﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﺎز ﺑﺨﺎر و‬
‫ ﻛﻪ از‬R-502 ‫ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻴــﺎل ﻣﺒﺮد‬.‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ آن در ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد‬R-115 ‫ از‬%51/2 ‫ و‬R-22 ‫ از ﻣﺒﺮد‬%48/8 ‫اﺧﺘﻼط‬
(‫ﻣﻲآﻳﺪ‬
(R-502= 48.8% of R-22 %51.2 of R-115)
10
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
3.4 Ceiling Diffuser
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ درﻳﭽﻪ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮاي ﺳﻘﻔﻲ‬4-3
Round, square, rectangular, or linear air diffuser
in the ceiling which usually provides a horizontal
distribution pattern of primary and secondary air
over the occupied zone and induces low velocity
secondary air motion through the zone.
‫ ﭼﻬﺎرﮔﻮش ﻳﺎ ﺧﻄﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬،‫درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﻮاي ﺳﻘﻔﻲ از ﻧﻮع ﻣﺪور‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻫﻮاي اوﻟﻴﻪ و ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ را در ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت‬
‫اﻓﻘﻲ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ و ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻮاي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‬
.‫ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
3.5 Central Fan Air-Conditioning System
‫ ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬5-3
System in which air is treated at a central plant
and carried to and from the rooms by one or more
fans and a system of ducts.
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻄﺒﻮع را در ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﻣﺮﻛﺰي اﻳﺠﺎد‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ و ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ دﻣﻨﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻣﻜﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
.‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺗﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ داده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
3.6 Water Chiller
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ آﺑﻲ‬6-3
‫ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي آﺑﻲ ﻳﺎ واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ آب‬،‫اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﺮدن آب‬
‫ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻧﻤﻚ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﻻت دﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ در ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
.‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻜﺎر ﻣﻲ روﻧﺪ‬
Water chillers or a liquid chilling package is a
factory-fabricated assembly designed to cool
water, brine, or other fluids for air-conditioning,
refrigeration, or process cooling purposes .
3.7 Comfort Air-Conditioning
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع آﺳﺎﻳﺶ‬7-3
It is the control of ventilation, air circulation, air
cleaning, temperature, and humidity to provide
maximum human efficiency, health, and comfort.
،‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا‬،‫ ﮔﺮدش ﻫﻮا‬،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬
‫ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ و آﺳﺎﻳﺶ را ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺴﺎن‬،‫دﻣﺎ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ‬
.‫ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ آورد‬
3.8 Conditioned Space
‫ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬8-3
Space within a building provided with heated or
cooled air, or both (or surfaces); and, where
required, with humidification or dehumidification
means, to maintain conditions for an acceptable
thermal environment.
‫ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي آن ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪات ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﻮا ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮ دو )ﻳﺎ ﺳﻄﻮح آﻧﻬﺎ( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد و‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زﻧﻲ ﻳﺎ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زداﻳﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل و ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه‬
.‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
3.9 Coolant
‫ ﺳﻴﺎل ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬9-3
Fluid employed for transferring heat from one
place to another.
‫ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﺳﻴﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت از ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ‬
.‫ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
3.10 Damper
‫ دﻣﭙﺮ‬10-3
Device used to vary the volume of air passing
through outlet, inlet or ducts.
‫وﺳﻴﻠﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻋﺒﻮري ﻫﻮا از ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ورودي ﻳﺎ‬
.‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‬
3.11 Design Load
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬11-3
It is the capacity required to produce specified
inside conditions when specified outside
conditions of temperature and humidity prevail,
and when all sources of load are taken at the
maximum that will then occur coincidentally.
‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺮاي اﻳﺠﺎد ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه‬
‫داﺧﻠﻲ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺧﺎرج از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻏﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺑﻮده و ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺎر ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ در‬
.‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
11
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
3.12 Direct Digital Controls
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬12-3
Micro-processor based controller integrating
automation and control in a stand alone or system
network operation. It collects all the input and
accumulates it in a computer which relays each
individual output by digitally based controllers as
required.
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ رﻳﺰ ﭘﺮدازﻧﺪه ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮن را‬
‫ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺷﺒﻜﻪ اي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ و‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎم ورودي ﻫﺎ را در ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻛﺮده و وﻇﻴﻔﻪ‬
‫ارﺳﺎل ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺗﻜﻲ را ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي اﻧﺠﺎم‬
.‫ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
3.13 Heat Pump
‫ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬13-3
‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺗﺮﻣﻮ دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در‬،‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬
‫ در آن ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ‬.‫آن ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺒﺎدل ﺣﺮارت ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه و ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺣﺮارت‬
‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮا ﻳﺎ‬.‫را ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ دﻳﮕﺮي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ‬،‫ﺳﻴﺎل دﻳﮕﺮ‬
.‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رود‬
Thermodynamic heating/refrigerating system to
transfer heat. The condenser and evaporator may
change roles to transfer heat in either direction.
By receiving the flow of air or other fluid, a heat
pump is used to cool or heat.
3.14 HVAC Systems
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و‬،‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬14-3
‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻳﺎ ﺗﻜﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻄﻠﻮب در ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
System that provides either collectively or
individually the processes of comfort heating,
ventilating, and/or air conditioning within, or
associated with, a building.
3.15 Induction Unit
‫ واﺣﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬15-3
Air terminal device that delivers a small quantity
of conditioned (primary) air through highvelocity jets, to induce a large quantity of room
(secondary) air into the supply air stream. A
heating coil may be located in the primary or
secondary air stream. Primary air often is
predominantly outside air. Units generally
discharge directly through a grille into the space
due to limited downstream static pressure
capability.
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﻪ در آن ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻤﻲ از ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻄﺒﻮع )اوﻟﻴﻪ( ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر زﻳﺎد از ﻣﺠﺮاي ﺷﻴﭙﻮري ﺟﻬﺖ اﻟﻘﺎء ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮاي‬
‫ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬.‫)ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ( ورودي از اﺗﺎقﻫﺎ وارد ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮاي‬.‫اﺳﺖ در ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﻮاي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺛﺎﻧﻮي ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻫﻮا‬.‫اوﻟﻴﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ اﺳﺖ‬
‫را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ از درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﺤﺪود ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
.‫ وارد ﻓﻀﺎ ﻣﻲﺳﺎزﻧﺪ‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ‬
3.16 Optimization
‫ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي‬16-3
It is defined as an act, process or methodology of
making something - design, systems or decision as fully perfect, functional or effective as
possible.
‫ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ روش‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ اﻣﻜﺎن ﺑﺪون‬
.‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ و ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬
3.17 Psychrometric Chart
‫ ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺳﺎﻳﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮي‬17-3
Graphical representation of the properties of
moist air, usually including wet and dry bulb
temperatures, specific and relative humidities,
enthalpy, and density.
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬،‫ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻧﻤﻮداري ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻫﻮاي ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
‫ اﻧﺘﺎﻟﭙﻲ و‬،‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص و ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬،‫دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺗﺮ و ﺧﺸﻚ‬
.‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻫﻮا ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
3.18 Relative Humidity
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬18-3
1) Ratio of the partial pressure or density of
water vapor to the saturation pressure or
density, respectively, at the same dry-bulb
temperature, and barometric pressure of the
ambient air.
‫( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺨﺎر آب ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر اﺷﺒﺎع ﻳﺎ‬1
2) Ratio of the mole fraction of water vapor to
the mole fraction of water vapor saturated at
the same temperature and barometric pressure.
‫( ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺨﺎر آب ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻮﻟﻲ‬2
‫ و در دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن و ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬،‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ‬
.‫ﺟﻮ ﻫﻮاي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬
.‫ﺑﺨﺎر آب اﺷﺒﺎع ﺷﺪه در دﻣﺎ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﻮ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن‬
3.19 Variable Air Volume
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﻮا‬19-3
Variable air volume (VAV) system maintains
room temperature by supplying a variable volume
of constant temperature supply air, wherein
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ دﻣﺎي اﺗﺎق ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
: ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ دﻣﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮح‬
- The volume is modulated by a damper in
response to room temperature;
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮا ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ دﻣﭙﺮ‬،(‫ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ دﻣﺎي اﺗﺎق )ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز‬.‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
- The damper can be powered by duct pressure
powered controls, pneumatic controls, or
electric controls.
،‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه دﻣﭙﺮ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻲ‬.‫ﻧﻴﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻚ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
3.20 Zoning
‫ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‬20-3
‫( ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺠﺰا‬1
1) Division of a building or group of buildings
into separately controlled spaces (zones),
where different conditions can be maintained
simultaneously.
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮان در آﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ را ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
.‫و ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻧﻤﻮد‬
‫( ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬2
2) Practice of dividing a building into smaller
sections for control of heating and cooling.
Each section is selected so that one thermostat
can be used to determine its requirements.
‫ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬.‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
.‫ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺘﺎت ﺑﺘﻮان ﻧﻴﺎز آﻧﻬﺎ را ﺑﺮآورده ﻧﻤﻮد‬
4. UNITS
‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬-4
‫ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ‬،(SI) ‫ ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻧﻈﺎم ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬،‫اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﻣﮕﺮ آﻧﻜﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ‬،‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬IPS-E-GN-100 ‫ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ دﻳﮕﺮي اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
This Standard is based on International System of
Units (SI), as per IPS-E-GN-100 except where
otherwise is specified.
5. BASIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
‫ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬-5
5.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-5
5.1.1 A reasonable and accurate requirement of
air conditioning system shall be capable to
promote physical wellbeing of human or provide
improvement to industrial processes.
‫ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ و دﻗﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬1-1-5
5.1.2 Temperature, relative humidity, motion of
the air, and the temperature of the surrounding
surfaces are important determining factors in the
sensation of warmth and comfort because they
‫ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮا و دﻣﺎي ﺳﻄﻮح‬،‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬،‫ دﻣﺎ‬2-1-5
‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ آﺳﺎﻳﺶ اﻧﺴﺎن و ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت در‬
.‫ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﻣﻬﻤﻲ در اﺣﺴﺎس ﮔﺮﻣﺎ و‬،‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬
‫راﺣﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ زﻳﺮا اﻳﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ در دﻓﻊ‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
directly influence the dissipation of body heat.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
.‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﺑﺪن ﻣﻮﺛﺮﻧﺪ‬
5.1.3 In industrial processes, the temperature and
relative humidity of the air have a great deal to do
with the rate of production, period of storage, and
the weight, strength, appearance and quality of
the product.
‫ دﻣﺎ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻫﻮا در‬،‫ در ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‬3-1-5
‫ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬،‫ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ‬،‫ وزن‬،‫ زﻣﺎن اﻧﺒﺎرداري‬،‫ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
.‫ اﺛﺮ زﻳﺎدي دارد‬،‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
5.2 Design Load Factors
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬2-5
5.2.1 The following shall be specified as a basis
for the calculation of design loads:
‫ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﻮارد‬،‫ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬1-2-5
:‫ذﻳﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
a) Design outside conditions (including
temperature, relative humidity and other
factors).
‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرج )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دﻣﺎ‬
b) Design inside conditions (Including
temperature, relative humidity and other
factors).
‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬،‫ب( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻫﻮاي داﺧﻞ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دﻣﺎ‬
.(‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دﻳﮕﺮ‬
.(‫و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ دﻳﮕﺮ‬
c) Average number of occupants.
.‫ج( ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد اﻓﺮاد ﺳﺎﻛﻦ‬
d) Other sources of substantial load from withindoors when design conditions prevail.
‫د( ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺎر در داﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن وﻗﺘﻲ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻫ( ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬
e) Quantity of air assumed for ventilation.
f) Time of day at which design load from
indoor sources is estimated to occur.
.‫و( زﻣﺎﻧﻲ از روز ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
g) Class of activity assumed for occupants.
.‫ز( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﻮع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ اﻓﺮاد‬
h) Size and physical characteristics of
enclosure.
.‫ح( اﺑﻌﺎد و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﺤﺼﻮر‬
i) Quantity of air assumed for infiltration,
including infiltration due to door usage.
‫ط( ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺮض ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻔﻮذ ﻫﻮا در زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
.‫درب ﺑﺎز و ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
j) Hours of operation.
.‫ي( ﺳﺎﻋﺎت ﻛﺎر‬
k) Orientation of building
.‫ك( ﺟﻬﺖﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
5.2.2 Calculations of design loads (summer)
should include the following sources of heat gain:
‫ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ )ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬2-2-5
:‫ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
a) Conduction through physical barriers, such
as walls, doors, windows, floors, ceilings, etc.
،‫اﻟﻒ( ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ از ﻣﻴﺎن ﺣﺼﺎرﻫﺎي ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ دﻳﻮارﻫﺎ‬
.‫ ﺳﻘﻒﻫﺎ و ﻏﻴﺮه‬،‫ ﻛﻒﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﭘﻨﺠﺮهﻫﺎ‬،‫دربﻫﺎ‬
b) Heat from sunshine:
:‫ب( ﺣﺮارت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ‬
1) Direct effect through glass areas.
.‫( اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺷﻴﺸﻪﻫﺎ‬1
2) Additional conduction through opaque
barriers, such as walls, roofs, etc., when these
heat gains contribute to the design load.
‫( ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺷﻔﺎف ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬2
‫ ﺳﻘﻒﻫﺎ و ﻏﻴﺮه ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬،‫دﻳﻮارﻫــﺎ‬
.‫اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
14
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
c) Heat and moisture introduced by incoming
outdoor air.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
.‫ج ( ﺣﺮارت و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻫﻮاي ورودي از ﺧﺎرج‬
d) Heat and moisture liberated by occupants.
.‫د( ﺣﺮارت و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از اﻓﺮاد‬
e) Heat and moisture liberated by appliances,
office
equipment,
illumination,
combustion, electric motors etc.
،‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات دﻓﺘﺮ ﻛﺎر‬،‫ﻫ( ﺣﺮارت و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
. ‫ ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه‬،‫ اﺣﺘﺮاق‬،‫روﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬
5.3 Design Outside Conditions
‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﺎرج‬3-5
The design outside dry-bulb and wet-bulb
temperatures, prevailing wind velocity including
elevation and other factors for calculating cooling
loads shall be not lower than those shown in
Attachments 1-2 and 3 for the cities listed and for
localities that are the same climatically. (The
designer should exercise judgment to insure that
results are consistent with expectations).
،‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺎد‬،‫دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﺧﺎرج‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ و دﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
3 ‫ و‬2-1 ‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ارﻗﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ درج ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ‬
‫دﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ داراي آب و ﻫﻮاي ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ دارﻧﺪ )ﻣﻬﻨﺪس ﻃﺮاح ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﻗﻀﺎوت‬،‫در اﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن از ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ‬
.(‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬
5.4 Design Inside Conditions
‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ داﺧﻞ‬4-5
5.4.1 It is recommended that the design inside
temperature and humidity for calculation of the
cooling load should not be higher than 26.7°C
(80°F) dry-bulb temperature and 50 percent
relative humidity. The ventilation rate,
permissible variations and control limits should
also be inclusive.
‫ دﻣﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ داﺧﻠﻲ را‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬1-4-5
‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ در‬80) ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬26/7 ‫ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
‫ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﻴﺰان‬.‫ درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬50 ‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ‬
.‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻣﺠﺎز و ﺣﺪود ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬
5.4.2 For installations which have a load that is
predominantly a "people" load, a slightly-lower
design dry-bulb temperature, along with an
increase in relative humidity, is permissible to
attain a more economical equipment selection.
Under these conditions, the design inside drybulb temperature may decrease to 25°C (77°F)
and the design inside humidity may increase to 55
percent.
‫ دﻣﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ‬،‫ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺤﺴﻮس ﻧﻔﺮات زﻳﺎد‬2-4-5
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬،‫ و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬،‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻛﻢ‬
،‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬.‫ﻣﻘﺮون ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات اﻣﻜﺎنﭘﺬﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
77) ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬25 ‫دﻣﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ‬
‫ درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ‬55 ‫درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( ﻛﺎﻫﺶ و رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺗﺎ‬
.‫ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
5.5 Solar Heat Gain
‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي‬5-5
For factors on sensible heat gain transmitted
through glass and absorbed solar energy,
reference is made to ASHRAE Fundamental 2005
Guidebook Chapter 29.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﻴﺸﻪ‬
‫ ﺟﻠﺪ‬،ASHRAE 2005 ‫و ﺟﺬب اﻧﺮژي ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬29 ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ‬،‫اﺻﻮل‬
5.6 Transmission Heat Gain
Transmission factors shall be used for estimating
the heat gain or heat loss due to transmission
through exterior walls, partitions, roofs, ceilings,
and floors; and the heat loss due to transmission
through windows. For the usual construction,
wall transmissions are only a small proportion of
the over-all load and, therefore, need not be
treated as carefully as glass or roofs exposed to
solar radiation.
‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎي اﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻲ‬6-5
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺣﺮارت ﻳﺎ اﺗﻼف ﺣﺮارت ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬
‫ ﺳﻘﻒﻫﺎ و ﻛﻒﻫﺎ و‬،‫ ﺑﺎمﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﺗﻴﻐﻪﻫﺎ‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎ از دﻳﻮارﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎي‬.‫اﺗﻼف ﺣﺮارت از ﭘﻨﺠﺮهﻫﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﻲ از ﺑﺎر ﻛﻠﻲ اﺳﺖ‬،‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﮔﺮﻣﺎ از دﻳﻮارﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻋﺎدي‬
‫و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ دﻗﺘﻲ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺸﻌﺸﻊ‬
،‫ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي از ﭘﻨﺠﺮهﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻘﻒﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
.‫ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
15
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
5.7 Design Occupancy
‫ ﮔﺮﻣﺎزاﻳﻲ اﻓﺮاد در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬7-5
The design-load calculations should be based on
the stated average occupancy of the building
during the time of maximum design conditions.
The heat given off by each occupant should be
calculated as not less than that in Table 1.
‫ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺑﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻔﺮات داﺧﻞ‬،‫در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن در ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻓﻀﺎي اﻃﺮاف ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ از‬
.‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬1 ‫ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره‬
TABLE 1 - RATES OF HEAT GAIN FROM OCCUPANTS OF CONDITIONED SPACES (Notes a.b.c)
(‫ج‬.‫ب‬.‫ ﻧﺮخ ﻣﻴﺰان ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻧﻔﺮات در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺷﺪه)ﻳﺎدآوري اﻟﻒ‬-1 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
Item
‫ردﻳﻒ‬
1
Sensible
Heat,
Btu/h
Latent
Heat,
Btu/h
‫ﺣﺮارت ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
‫ﺣﺮارت ﻧﻬﺎن‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Typical Application
‫ﺣﺮارت ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺮارت ﻛﻞ‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻻن ﻣﺮد‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ‬
‫ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
390
330
225
105
390
350
245
105
450
400
245
155
475
450
250
200
550
450
250
200
550
500
250
250
490
550
275
275
800
750
275
475
900
850
305
345
1000
1000
375
625
1500
1450
580
870
1500
1450
580
870
1600
1600
635
965
2000
1800
710
1090
Seated at theater
Theater – Matinee
Seated at theater
‫ﺗﺌﺎﺗﺮ – ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻇﻬﺮ‬
Theater – Evening
‫ﺗﺌﺎﺗﺮ – ﻏﺮوب‬
‫ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ در ﺗﺌﺎﺗﺮ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺳﺒﻚ‬
Offices, hotels,
apartments
4
Moderately active office
work
Offices, hotels,
apartments
5
Standing, light work;
walking
6
Walking; standing
3
Total Heat
Adjusted d,
Btu/h
Degree Of Activity
‫ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ در ﺗﺌﺎﺗﺮ‬
2
Total Heat
Adults,
Male, Btu/h
Seated, very light work
‫ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﻫﺘﻞ‬،‫دﻓﺘﺮ ﻛﺎر‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ اداري ﻣﻼﻳﻢ‬
‫ ﻗﺪم زدن‬،‫ ﻛﺎر ﺳﺒﻚ‬،‫اﻳﺴﺘﺎده‬
‫ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﻫﺘﻞ‬،‫دﻓﺘﺮ ﻛﺎر‬
Department store, retail
store
‫ اﻧﺒﺎر ﺧﺮده ﻓﺮوﺷﻲ‬، ‫اﻧﺒﺎر‬
Drug store, bank
‫داروﺧﺎﻧﻪ – ﺑﺎﻧﻚ‬
‫ اﻳﺴﺘﺎدن‬- ‫در ﺣﺎل راه رﻓﺘﻦ‬
7
Sedentary work Light
bench
Restaurant e
‫رﺳﺘﻮران‬
‫ﻛﺎر ﺳﺒﻚ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ‬
8
Moderate Practice
Prayer Room
‫ﺣﺮﻛﺎت ﻣﻮزون ﻣﻼﻳﻢ‬
9
Walking 3 mph; light
‫ﻧﻤﺎز ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
Factory
‫ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ؛‬3 ‫راه رﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻚ‬
10
Machine work
‫ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
Factory
‫ﻛﺎر ﻛﺎرﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬
11
Bowling f
‫ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
Bowling alley
‫ورزش ﺑﻮﻟﻴﻨﮓ‬
12
Heavy work
‫ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﺑﻮﻟﻴﻨﮓ‬
Factory
‫ﻛﺎر ﺳﺨﺖ‬
13
Heavy machine work;
lifting
‫ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
Factory
‫ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎر ﻛﺎرﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﺨﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ‬
14
Athletics
Gymnasium
‫ﻣﻮارد ورزﺷﻲ‬
‫ورزﺷﮕﺎه‬
16
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Notes:
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
:‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
a) Tabulated values are based on 24°C (75°F)
room dry-bulb temperature. For (80°F) room
dry-bulb, the total heat remains the same, but
the sensible heat values should be decreased
by approximately 20%, and the latent heat
values increased accordingly.
75) ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬24 ‫اﻟﻒ( ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺟﺪول ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬
80 ‫ در دﻣﺎي‬.‫درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( دﻣﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ داﺧﻠﻲ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن‬،‫درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺧﺸﻚ اﺗﺎق ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻞ ﺣﺮارت‬
‫ اﻣﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺣﺮارت ﻣﺤﺴﻮس ﺿﺮورﺗﺎً ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان‬،‫ﻣﻲﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻘﺪار‬20 ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ‬
.‫ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬،‫ﺣﺮارت ﻧﻬﺎن‬
b) Reference is also made to chapter 8 of
ASHRAE 2005 Fundamental Guidebook.
(except item 8)
8 ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ‬،‫ ﺟﻠﺪ اﺻﻮل‬ASHRAE 2005 ‫ب( ﻣﺮﺟﻊ از‬
c) All values are rounded to nearest 1.5 W
‫ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬5) ‫ وات‬1/5 ‫ج( ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﻪ‬
(8 ‫ )ﺑﺠﺰ ردﻳﻒ‬.‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
(5 Btu/h).
.‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( درج ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
d) Adjusted heat gain is based on normal
percentage of men, women, and children for
the application listed, with the postulate that
the gain from an adult female is 85% of that
for an adult male, and that the gain from a
child is 75% of that for an adult male.
‫ زن و‬،‫د( ﻣﻘﺪار ﺣﺮارت ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻧﻔﺮات ﻣﺮد‬
‫ﺑﭽﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮض اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺣﺮارت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از زﻧﺎن‬
‫ درﺻﺪ ﻣﺮدان ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل و ﻣﻴﺰان ﺣﺮارت‬85 ‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل‬
‫ درﺻﺪ ﻣﺮدان ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل در ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي‬75 ‫ﺑﭽﻪﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﺟﺪول درج ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
e) Adjusted total heat gain for sedentary work,
restaurant, includes 18 W (61 Btu/h) for food
per individual (9 W (30 Btu/h) sensible and
‫ رﺳﺘﻮران‬،‫ﻫ( ﻣﻘﺪار ﺣﺮارت ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎر ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﺑﺮاي ﻏﺬاي‬61) ‫ وات‬18 ‫ﻋﺒﺎرت از‬
‫ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﺣﺮارت ﻣﺤﺴﻮس و‬30) ‫ وات‬9 ،‫ﺗﻜﻲ‬
.‫ وات ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻧﻬﺎن ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬9
9 W latent).
f) For Bowling, figure one person per alley
actually bowling, and all others as sitting (117
W 400 Btu/h) or standing and walking slowly
(161 W- 550 Btu/h).
‫ رﻗﻢ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻔﺮ در ﺣﺎل ورزش و‬،‫و( ﺑﺮاي ورزش ﺑﻮﻟﻴﻨﮓ‬
‫ ﺑﻲ‬400 ‫ وات ﻳﺎ‬117) ‫ﺗﻤﺎم اﻓﺮاد دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ‬
550 ‫ وات ﻳﺎ‬161) ‫ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﻳﺎ اﻳﺴﺘﺎده و ﻛﺎر آرام‬
.‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
5.8 Heat from Appliances & other Equipment
‫ ﺣﺮارت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات دﻳﮕﺮ‬8-5
For recommended values of heat gain in Btu per
hour, for a number of commonly-used appliances,
heat gains from selected office equipment,
hospital equipment and electric motors, reference
is made to Attachments 4, 5, 6 and 7.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﺮخ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ و‬،‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻪ ازاء ﻳﻚ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬7 ‫ و‬6 ،5 ،4 ‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎي‬
.‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
5.9 Ventilation and Infiltration
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و ﻧﻔﻮذ ﻫﻮا‬9-5
5.9.1 Ventilation
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬1-9-5
5.9.1.1 For Ventilation requirements the Table
No. 8 mentioned in IPS-E-AR-160 shall apply.
For maintaining positive pressure the quantity of
air shall not be less than that drawn from the
space by any exhaust fan that may be used.
‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬8 ‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره‬1-1-5-9
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‬.‫ را ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮد‬IPS-E-AR-160
‫ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي رﻓﺖ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻫﻮاي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه از ﻓﻀﺎ‬
.‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻮاﻛﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
17
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
5.9.1.2 The amount of outdoor air depends on the
number of occupants and on the materials and
apparatus that may give off odors within the
space. Generally, outdoor air for ventilation is
introduced at the air conditioning apparatus rather
than directly into the conditioned space, thus it
becomes a cooling coil load instead of a space
load component.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻔﺮات و وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ ﻛــﻪ در‬2-1-9-5
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي ﺗﺎزهاي ﭘﻴﺶ‬،‫ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻮ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻫﻮاي ﺗﺎزه ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮاي ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬.‫ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺎﻻرﻓﺘﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬،‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
.‫و ﺳﺮاﻧﺠﺎم ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻓﻀﺎ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
5.9.2 Infiltration
‫ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﻫﻮا‬2-9-5
‫ﻫﻮاي ﻧﻔﻮذي از دربﻫﺎ و ﭘﻨﺠﺮهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻞ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ‬
2005 ‫ ﺟﻠﺪ ﺳﺎل‬ASHRAE ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻳﺎ‬.‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
(‫ﻫﻮاي ﻧﻔﻮذي ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از اﻳﻦ دو ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )اﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻫﺮ دو‬
.‫در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
The infiltration through doors and windows shall
be calculated per formula mentioned in ASHRAE
Fundamental 2005 Guidebook and the larger of
the heat gain for ventilation or the infiltration
quantities shall be considered, but not both.
5.10 Air Motion in Conditioned Spaces
‫ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﻮا در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬10-5
5.10.1 The air quantity and temperature of the
treated air and the method of introducing it to the
conditioned space shall be designed to limit to
1.6°C (3°F) or less, the simultaneous variation in
dry-bulb temperature at the same level throughout
that portion of a single room which is normally
frequented by persons.
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار و دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و روش ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ‬1-10-5
5.10.2 In spaces normally frequented by persons
not moving about, it is recommended to avoid air
velocities exceeding 0.25 m/s (50 fpm) in the
zone between the floor and the 1.5 meter level.
‫ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺗﺮدد زﻳﺎد اﻓﺮاد ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬،‫ در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎ‬2-10-5
5.10.3 Exceptions shall be made to the vicinity of
a supply or return grille when the construction
requires it to be located below the 1.5 meter level
and in a space normally frequented by persons.
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن و ﻓﻀﺎي آن ﻃﻮري‬3-10-5
5.10.4 Noise level, odor level and indoor air
quality shall be given due considerations in the
equipment selection.
‫ ﺑﻮ و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻫﻮاي داﺧﻞ را‬،‫ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﺮوﺻﺪا‬4-10-5
‫آن ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات دﻣﺎي‬
(‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬3) ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬1/6 ‫آن ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻧﻲ دﻣﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن‬.‫ﻣﺤﺪود ﮔﺮدد‬
‫در ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از ﻳﻚ اﺗﺎق ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد رﻓﺖ و آﻣﺪ اﻓﺮاد‬
.‫ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ‬1/5 ‫ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻒ و ﺗﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع‬.‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﻫﻮا ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬0/25 ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ از ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻫﻮا ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
.‫ ﻓﻮت در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ( اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬50)
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺠﺎورت درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ در ارﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ و ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در آن ﻓﻀﺎ ﺗﺮدد ﻧﻔﺮات‬1/5 ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
.‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد را ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬،‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
5.11 Safety Provisions
‫ ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪات اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬11-5
Comfort air conditioning systems shall be
installed in accordance to safety requirements
called for by relevant codes of OSHA* and
NFPA. The applicable code of ASHRAE 15-2007
(Safety Code Standard for Refrigeration System)
shall also apply to this Standard.
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع آﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬NFPA ‫ و‬OSHA* ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ آﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ )آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ASHRAE 15- 2007 ‫آﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﻛﺎر رود‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
* OSHA: Occupational Safety And Health
Administration
‫ اداره اﻳﻤﻨﻲ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ‬:OSHA *
5.12 Equipment Service Life
‫ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬12-5
The selected equipment and system shall be
governed by proper maintenance requirements
such that life expectancy of the equipment meets
minimum requirements of those recommended by
ASHRAE as indicated in Attachment 8.
6.
AIR
CONDITIONING
CLASSIFICATION
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات و ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺻﺤﻴﺢ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
‫ ﻛﻪ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬ASHRAE ‫اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﻧﻴﺰ ذﻛﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه‬8 ‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬
SYSTEM
‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬-6
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-6
6.1 General
6.1.1 Varying air conditioning demands are met
in residential, commercial, institutional, medical
and office buildings. These demands are met
primarily through the use of one of the systems
mentioned below or through combination of these
systems, wherein classification shall be based on
type of refrigeration.
‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات در ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم ﻫﻤﺨﻮاﻧﻲ‬1-1-6
6.1.2 The Coefficient Of Performance (COP)
based on recent development addresses the
performance of air conditioning equipment, and
can be determined by the following formula:
‫( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬COP) ‫ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ‬2-1-6
COP =
‫ درﻣﺎﻧﻲ و دﻓﺘﺮﻫﺎي‬،‫ آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ‬،‫ ﺗﺠﺎري‬،‫ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻮع ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬.‫ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي‬،‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه ذﻳﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﺮ‬
:‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﻮد‬
TR  12000
HP  2544Btu / HP
6.2 Packaged-Unitary System
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬2-6
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع اﻧﺒﺴﺎط ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬1-2-6
6.2.1 Packaged direct expansion system
‫اﻳﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺧﻮدﻛﻔﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺻﻮل ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬
‫ ﭼﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺗﻜﻲ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫اﻧﺒﺴﺎط ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﺮدو ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻧﺼﺐ در ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻞ اﺗﺎق و ﭼﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ دوﺗﻴﻜﻪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬.‫ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ دارﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻫﻮا را از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ درﻳﭽﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ و ﻳﺎ در‬
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﻲاﻧﺪازﻧﺪ‬،‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻓﻠﺰي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
These are packaged self-contained units working
on the principles of direct expansion refrigerating
cycle, either single package for indoor mount or
split-system requiring one indoor and one outdoor
unit. These units either distribute the air through
an integrated discharge plenum or circulate the air
through fabricated sheet metal ducting or fiber
glass duct board.
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For various ARI standard classifications reference
is made to IPS-M-AR-125. For window air
conditioners or thru-the-wall room air
conditioners reference is made to IPS-M-AR-245.
Subject to the configuration of the computer
system, computer room air conditioning also falls
within this category.
‫ ﺑـــﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬ARI ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨـﺪي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮﻟﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﻨﺠﺮهاي ﻳﺎ‬.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-M-AR-125
‫ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-M-AR-245 ‫دﻳﻮاري ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع اﺗﺎق ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎن ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
.‫در اﻳﻦ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
6.2.2 Unitary system
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬2-2-6
These are distribution systems where room units
may be used in the central fan system and
classified as non-refrigerant type, into three major
areas:
‫اﻳﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﺗﺎﻗﻲ در‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬
:‫ﻧﻮع ﺑﺪون ﻣﺒﺮد ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ ذﻳﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
a) All water and no air.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺗﻤﺎم آب و ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮا‬
b) Part water and part air.
‫ب ( ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ آب و ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﻫﻮا‬
c) All air and no water.
‫ج ( ﺗﻤﺎم ﻫﻮا و ﺑﺪون آب‬
6.2.2.1 All water and no air system
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻤﺎم آب و ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮا‬
Commonly referred to as fan coil units located
under perimeter windows, ceiling or wall
suspended, controlled by room thermostat and/or
motorized valves. Fig. 1 illustrates this system.
1-2-2-6
‫ ﺳﻘﻒ ﻳﺎ آوﻳﺰ‬،‫واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﻳﻠﻲ ﺑﺎدزن وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ در زﻳﺮ ﭘﻨﺠﺮهﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺘﺎت اﺗﺎﻗﻲ و ﻳﺎ‬،‫ﺑﻪ دﻳﻮار ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲروﻧﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬1 ‫ در ﺷﻜﻞ‬.‫ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺗﻮري ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫ﻫﻮاي اﺗﺎق‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲ‬
Fig. 1-TYPICAL ALL-WATER NO-AIR UNITARY SYSTEM
‫ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻤﺎم آب و ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮا‬-1 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
6.2.2.2 Part water and part air system
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ آب و ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﻫﻮا‬2-2-2-6
These systems are frequently called induction
systems, because part of the air is supplied from
central fan (air handling) system which induces
room air into the unit, whether high or low
pressure. Fig. 2 illustrates this system. The water
for the heating is supplied by the boiler through
the heat exchanger, to the heating coil. (Ducting
for air can be designed by static regain in high
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ زﻳﺮا‬،ً‫اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻫﻮا از ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﺮﻛﺰي )ﻫﻮا رﺳﺎن( ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
2 ‫ ﺷﻜﻞ‬.‫ﻫﻮاي اﺗﺎق ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻳﺎ ﻛﻢ وارد دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ آب ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﻳﮓ‬.‫اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ‬
‫از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺒﺪل ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ وارد ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
20
‫آذر ‪Nov. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-AR- 120(1‬‬
‫‪velocity ducts). These systems are recommended‬‬
‫‪for location under the window around the‬‬
‫‪perimeter areas of multi-story multi-room‬‬
‫‪buildings.‬‬
‫)ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ روش اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬
‫رﻳﻜﻴﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻧﻤﻮد( اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺼﺐ در زﻳﺮ ﭘﻨﺠﺮه و‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮاﻣﻮن ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮره در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ اﺗﺎﻗﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬
‫ﭘﻨﺠﺮه‬
‫‪air injection‬‬
‫‪nozzles‬‬
‫ﻫﻮاي اﺗﺎق‬
‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬﻫﺎي ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﻫﻮا‬
‫داﻣﭙﺮ ﺗﻴﻐﻪ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎدزن ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
‫‪Fig. 2-TYPICAL PART-WATER PART-AIR UNITARY SYSTEM‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ -2‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ واﺣﺪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ آب و ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﻫﻮا‬
‫‪6.2.2.3 All-air and no-water systems‬‬
‫‪ 3-2-2-6‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻫﻮا و ﺑﺪون آب‬
‫‪ 1-3-2-2-6‬اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ ﻣﺠﺪد‬
‫‪6.2.2.3.1 These systems are a form of reheat‬‬
‫‪system, condition the air at a central location‬‬
‫‪(central fan system) and deliver the air through‬‬
‫‪ducts. The system may be low/medium pressure,‬‬
‫‪single duct or high pressure dual duct‬‬
‫‪(representing hot and cold deck).‬‬
‫‪ 2-3-2-2-6‬ﻳﻚ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻫﻮاي ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫‪6.2.2.3.2 A variable air volume mixing box may‬‬
‫‪be used for maintaining room conditions through‬‬
‫‪control dampers/ valves to proportion the amount‬‬
‫‪of hot or cold air required at the mixing box. Fig.‬‬
‫‪3 illustrates the high velocity dual duct system.‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﺮﻛﺰي )ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰي( ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‪ ،‬ﺗﻚ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ ﻳﺎ دوﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫)ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﮔﺮم و ﺳﺮد(‪.‬‬
‫اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ اﺗﺎق ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دﻣﭙﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ از ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﮔﺮم ﻳﺎ ﺳﺮد در ﺟﻌﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‪ .‬ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 3‬ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ دو ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﻫﻮا‬
‫ ﻫﻮاي ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ‬R.A
‫ص‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ﮔﺮﻣﮕﻦ ﻫﻮا‬
preheat coil
‫ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻮاي ﮔﺮم‬
‫ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرج‬O.A
To Other units
‫ﻫﻮاي ﺧﻨﻚ‬
Cool air
‫ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زن‬humidifier
‫ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦ ﻫﻮا‬
MB
M.B = Mixing Box
‫ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻛﻦ ﻫﻮا‬
Fig. 3-TYPICAL ALL-AIR NO-WATER UNITARY SYSTEM
‫ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻫﻮا و ﺑﺪون آب‬-3 ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
6.3 Heat Pump System
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬3-6
6.3.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-3-6
6.3.1.1 A heat pump is a refrigeration cycle-either
reciprocating or centrifugal-in which the cooling
effect as well as the heat rejected is used to
furnish cooling or heating to the air conditioning
units either simultaneously or separately.
‫ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻳﻚ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪي اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت‬1-1-3-6
‫رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺮارت دﻓﻊ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
.‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
6.3.1.2 Any thermodynamic cycle that is capable
of producing a cooling effect may theoretically be
used as heat pump.
‫ ﻫﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬2-1-3-6
‫ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻧﻈﺮي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﻤﭗ‬،‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رود‬
6.3.2 Advantages
‫ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ‬2-3-6
The heat pump system operation has the
advantages of:
:‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ داراي ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
،‫اﻟﻒ( در درﺟﻪ اول ﻣﻘﺮون ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﻮدن‬
a) Over all first cost saving,
،‫ب( ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺟﻮﻳﻲ در ﻓﻀﺎ‬
b) Space saving,
،‫ج( ﻛﻢ دردﺳﺮ ﺑﻮدن‬
c) Nuisance elimination,
22
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
، ‫د ( واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﻧﺮژي‬
d) Single energy source,
،‫ﻫ( اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
e) Increased safety,
.‫و ( ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻴﻤﻪ آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي‬
f) Fire insurance rate reduction.
6.3.3 Heat pump types
‫ اﻧﻮاع ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬3-3-6
Heat pumps for air conditioning service are
further classified by:
‫ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ‬
:‫ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
a) Type of heat source and sink.
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﻧﻮع ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ و اﺳﺘﻬﻼك آن‬
b) Heating and cooling distribution fluid.
.‫ب( ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺳﻴﺎل ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬
.‫ج( ﻧﻮع ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ‬
c) Type of thermodynamic cycle.
.‫د( ﻧﻮع ﺳﺎزه ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
d) Type of building structure.
.‫ﻫ( ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ و اﻧﺪازه‬
e) Size and configuration.
f) Limitation of the source and the sink.
.‫و ( ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ و اﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
6.3.4 Unitary heat pumps
‫ ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬4-3-6
The two basic types of unitary heat pumps are:
:‫دو ﻧﻮع ﭘﻤﭗ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺟﺰاء ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺒﺮدي‬:‫اﻟﻒ( ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
a) Air-to-air: this equipment consists of
factory matched refrigerant cycle components
which are applied in the field to fulfill
requirements of the user. These can be either
in pre-assembled unit or as a split system.
‫ﻛﻪ در ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﻔﺖ و ﺟﻮر ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي‬
‫ و اﻳﻦ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻲ در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
‫ﺻﻮرت دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮﻧﺘﺎژ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد و ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﺻﻮرت ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ دوﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ آب ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬،‫ در اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬:‫ب( آب ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
b) Water-to-air: These use water as the heat
source when in the heating mode and as the
heat sink when in the cooling mode. The water
supply may be closed water loop, a lake or a
well (ground source).
7. METHODS OF
DISTRIBUTION
FLUID
AND
‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود و در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ آب ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬.‫ﺻﻮرت دﻓﻊ ﺣﺮارت ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ ﻳﻚ درﻳﺎﭼﻪ و ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎه‬،‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺪار ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
.‫)ﻣﻨﺒﻊ زﻣﻴﻨﻲ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
AIR
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺳﻴﺎل و ﻫﻮا‬-7
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺎل‬1-7
7.1 Methods of Distributing Fluid Media
7.1.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-1-7
7.1.1.1 In an air conditioning system, each coil,
washer or heat exchanger is an arrangement of
piping that will convey the cooling or heating
fluid in an effective manner to the refrigeration
machine.
‫ ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮ‬،‫ ﻫﺮ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬،‫ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬1-1-1-7
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻣﺒﺪل ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎل‬
‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ را در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑــﻪ روش ﻣﻮﺛﺮ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬
.‫ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ‬
23
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
7.1.1.2 When water is used, this arrangement
shall be used with black carbon steel or
galvanized pipes in the form of supply and return
water piping along with the necessary pump to
circulate the water through the piping and other
equipment.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﺎل آب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻدي ﺳﻴﺎه ﻳﺎ‬2-1-1-7
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺑــﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻦ آب در‬.‫ﮔﺎﻟﻮاﻧﻴﺰه اﺳﺘﻔــﺎده ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﭘﻤﭗ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
.‫ﺷﻮد‬
7.1.2 Pipe sizing
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬2-1-7
7.1.2.1 General
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬
Pressure drop caused by Newtonian fluids often
presented in head or specific energy form is
described by the following Darcey-Weisbach
equation:
1-2-1-7
‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر در ﺳﻴﺎل ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻨﻲ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻳﺎ ﺷﻜﻠﻲ از‬
‫اﻧﺮژي ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ دارﺳﻲ وﻳﺴﺒﺎخ‬
:‫ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
h  f
L v2

D 2g
Where:
:‫ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
 h = head loss, ft
‫= اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت‬h 
f = friction factor, dimensionless
‫ ﺑﺪون ﺑﻌﺪ‬،‫= ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻄﻜﺎك‬f
‫ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت‬،‫= ﻃﻮل‬L
L = length, ft
‫= ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت‬D
D = Internal diameter, ft
‫= ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﺑﺮﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬V
V = average velocity, ft/s
‫= ﺷﺘﺎب ﺛﻘﻞ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﺑﺮ ﻣﺠﺬور در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬g
g = acceleration due to gravity, ft/s2
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For further information, reference is made to
ASHRAE 2005 Fundamentals, Chapter 33,
35&36.
‫ در ﺟﻠﺪ‬ASHRAE 2005 ‫ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬36 ‫ و‬35 ،33 ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ‬،‫اﺻﻮل‬
7.1.2.2 Sizing cold water pipes (open system)
(‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي آب ﺳﺮد )ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎز‬2-2-1-7
1) Sketch the main lines, risers, and branches,
and identify the fixtures to be served.
.‫ اﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﺎت و ﻟﻮازم ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬،‫ راﻳﺰرﻫﺎ‬،‫( ﻛﺮوﻛﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ‬1
2) Compute the demand weight of the fixtures.
.‫( وزن ﻟﻮازم ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬2
3) Determine the total demand in fixture units,
and find the expected demand in L/s.
‫( ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ واﺣﺪ ﻣﺼﺮف و‬3
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪن ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ‬
.‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
4) Determine the equivalent length of pipe in
the main lines, risers, and branches.
‫ راﻳﺰرﻫﺎ و‬،‫( ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻃﻮل ﻣﻌﺎدل ﻟﻮﻟﻪ در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ‬4
.‫اﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﺎت‬
5) Determine the average minimum pressure
in the street main and minimum pressure
required for the operation of the top most
fixture. This should be between 55 k Pa (8 psi)
to 172 k Pa (25 psi).
‫( ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﺻﻠﻲ و‬5
55 ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻴﻦ‬
(‫ ﭘﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاﻳﻨﭻ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬25 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬8) ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل‬172 ‫ﺗﺎ‬
24
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
6) Using the equation in Clause 7.1.2.1,
calculate the approximate pressure drop value
in 100 ft.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬1-2-1-7 ‫( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ در ﺑﻨﺪ‬6
7) From the expected rate of flow and pressure
drop, size of pipes shall be determined as
mentioned
in
the
ASHRAE
2005
Fundamentals (Chapter 36).
‫ اﻧﺪازه ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ‬،‫( ﺑﺎ داﺷﺘﻦ دﺑﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن و اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺠﺎز‬7
.‫ ﻓﻮت‬100 ‫ﻣﻘﺪار اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ در‬
‫ ﺳﺎل‬ASHRAE ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.‫( ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬36 ‫ ﺟﻠﺪ اﺻﻮل )ﻓﺼﻞ‬2005
7.1.2.3 Sizing chilled/hot water pipes (closed
system)
‫ﮔﺮم )ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬/‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي آب ﺳﺮد‬3-2-1-7
The procedure recommended for sizing chilled
and hot water system suitable for air handling
units, fan coil units, radiators and plant room
piping is indicated, as a ready reckoner, in the
Pipe Size Chart mentioned in Table 2.
‫ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ آب ﺳﺮد و ﮔﺮم ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي‬
‫ رادﻳﺎﺗﻮرﻫﺎ و ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬،‫ ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻫﻮاﺳﺎزﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﻃﺒﻖ ﺟﺪول زﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
(‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
TABLE 2 - PIPE SIZING CHART
‫ ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ‬-2 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
SIZE
FAN COILS ΔT=10°F
RADIATORS ΔT=20°F
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
‫ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞﻫﺎ‬
‫رادﻳﺎﺗﻮرﻫﺎ‬
GPM
FL
MBH
GPM
FL
MBH
‫ﮔﺎﻟﻦ در‬
‫دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
(FRICTION LOSS)
‫ﻫﺰار‬
‫ﻫﺰار‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﮔﺎﻟﻦ در‬
‫دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
‫اﺗﻼف اﺻﻄﻜﺎﻛﻲ‬
‫اﺗﻼف اﺻﻄﻜﺎﻛﻲ‬
3FT/100FT
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ‬
‫در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
3Ft/100Ft
VELOCITY
VELOCITY
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬
FPS
FPS
‫ﻓﻮت در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻮت در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
½"
1.5
1.7
7.5
1.2
1.3
12
¾"
3.2
2.0
16
2.6
1.6
26
1"
6.3
2.3
31.5
5.0
1.3
50
1¼"
14
2.8
70
11
2.3
110
1½"
20
3.2
100
16
2.5
160
2"
39
3.8
195
32
3.0
320
2½"
64
4.3
320
52
3.4
520
3"
112
5.0
560
92
4.0
920
4"
240
6.2
1200
190
4.8
1900
5"
440
7.3
2200
360
5.8
3600
6"
750
8.3
3750
580
6.7
5800
8"
1600
10.2
8000
1300
8.2
13000
10"
3000
13.4
15000
2400
9.7
24000
12"
4800
13.6
24000
3800
10.8
38000
25
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
7.1.2.4 Steam pipe sizing
It shall be
procedures:
determined
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر‬4-2-1-7
by
the
following
:‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺑﺎ روشﻫﺎي ذﻳﻞ‬
1) The initial pressure and the total pressure
drop shall be calculated between the source of
supply and at the end of return pipe.
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر اوﻟﻴﻪ و‬،‫( ﺑﻴﻦ اﺑﺘﺪا ﻣﻨﺒﻊ رﻓﺖ و اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ‬1
2) The minimum velocity of steam allowable
for quiet and dependable operation of the
system (with consideration of the direction of
condensate flow) shall be determined.
‫( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ آرام و‬2
3) The equivalent length of the run from boiler
or source of steam supply to the farthest
heating units.
‫( ﻃﻮل ﻣﻌﺎدل ﻟﻮﻟﻪ از دﻳﮓ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺗﺎ‬3
4) With the rate of steam consumption known,
the pipe size shall be determined by referring
to the chart of ASHRAE 2005 Fundamentals
(Chapter 36).
‫( ﺑﺎ داﺷﺘﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬4
.‫اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ )ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫دورﺗﺮﻳﻦ واﺣﺪ ﮔﺮمﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫( از ﻧﻤﻮدار ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬36 ‫ )ﻓﺼﻞ‬2005 ‫ ﺳﺎل‬ASHRAE
.‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ را ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آورد‬
7.1.2.5 Halocarbon refrigerant pipe sizing
a) For halocarbon
reference is made
discharge and liquid
(for suction lines) of
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻣﺒﺮد ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ‬5-2-1-7
refrigerant pipe sizing
to Attachment 9 (for
lines) and Attachment 10
IPS-E-AR-180 standard.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻣﺒﺮد ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
b) The pipe types used for direct expansion
system shall be either K or L copper pipes,
suitable for interconnecting the complete
refrigeration circuit as follows:
‫ب( اﻧﻮاع ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺒﺴﺎط ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر‬
- The hot gas discharge line connecting the
compressor to the condenser.
.‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز ﮔﺮم ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﺪاﻧﺴﻮر‬-
- The liquid line connecting the condenser to
the liquid receiver.
.‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮔﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﺪاﻧﺴﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬-
- The liquid line connecting the liquid receiver
to the cooling coil.
.‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮔﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬-
- The suction line connecting the cooling coil
to the compressor.
.‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬-
7.2 Methods
Circulation
of
Air
Distribution
‫ )ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ و ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ( و‬9 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
‫ )ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ( ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬10 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﺷﻤﺎره‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-E-AR-180
‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي‬L ‫ ﻳﺎ‬K ‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻧﻮع‬،‫ﻣﻲروﻧﺪ‬
:‫ﻣﺪار ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺒﺮد ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮار ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
and
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا و ﮔﺮدش آن‬2-7
Central fan or unit air conditioning distribute and
circulate their air through:
‫ ﻫﻮا را ﺑﻪ درون ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻳﺎ واﺣﺪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
:‫ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ و ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
a) Ducting, wherein the air is transmitted
through any of the following:
‫ ﻛــﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻫﻮا از آن ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻛﺸﻲ‬
:‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
- Sheet metal ductwork;
‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ورﻗﻪ ﻓﻠﺰي؛‬26
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﻳﺒﺮ ﮔﻼس؛‬-
- Fiberglas duct board;
‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ )ﭘﻠﻲ وﻳﻨﻴﻞ ﻛﺮاﻳﺪ( ﻗﺎﻟﺒﻲ و‬.‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬
- Unplasticized PVC ducts.
b) Air outlet, devices, where distribution takes
place through various grilles, registers and
diffusers.
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻮا از آﻧﻬﺎ از‬،‫ وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬،‫ب( درﻳﭽﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﻮا‬
c) Discharge plenum which is generally
integral part of a packaged unitary air
conditioning equipment.
‫ج( ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺧﺮوج ﻫﻮا ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬
‫ درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي دﻳﻮاري ﻳﺎ ﻛﻔﻲ )ﺛﺎﺑﺖ( و‬،‫درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
.‫درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﺨﺶ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻮا ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.2.1 Ducting
‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﻮا‬1-2-7
7.2.1.1 The recommended practice shall be
through rectangular fabrication on low velocity
arrangement not exceeding 10 m/s (2000 FPM).
10 ‫ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬1-1-2-7
7.2.1.2 High velocity system shall be for 15 m/s
(3000 FPM) and higher, wherein use of round
ducts are recommended. These round ducts
provide the following advantages:
3000) ‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬15 ‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮاي‬2-1-2-7
‫ ﻓﻮت ﺑﺮ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ( ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻬﺎي ﭼﻬﺎرﮔﻮش‬2000) ‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻣﺪور ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻓﻮت در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ( و ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬
:‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻣﺪور ﺑﺎ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
a) Use of thinner gage material.
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ورقﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻢ‬
b) Exclusion of reinforcing braces.
.‫ب( ﻋﺪم ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺑﺴﺖﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم‬
c) Creates less turbulence.
.‫ج( اﻳﺠﺎد آﺷﻔﺘﮕﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
d) Requires less head room.
.‫د( ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
7.2.1.3 The common methods of air duct system
design which are recommended for use are as
follows:
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ‬3-1-2-7
:‫ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
a) Equal friction method
‫اﻟﻒ(روش اﺻﻄﻜﺎك ﻳﻜﺴﺎن‬
In this system the ductwork is sized for a
constant pressure loss per unit length of duct.
However higher airflow rates may require
velocity limitations to prevent objectionable
noise level. This method is the recommended
practice for design engineers.
‫در اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﺳﺎزي ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺛﺎﺑﺖ در‬
‫ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از اﻳﺠﺎد‬.‫واﺣﺪ ﻃﻮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪا در ﻧﺮخﻫﺎي زﻳﺎد ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ روش ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﻃﺮاح ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‬.‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
b) Velocity reduction method
‫ب( روش ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬
This method consists of selecting the fan
discharge velocity, then designing for
progressively lower main duct velocities at
each junction.
‫ ﺳﭙﺲ‬،‫اﻳﻦ روش ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ در اداﻣﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل اﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ از‬
.‫ﻫﺮ اﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﺎت‬
c) Static regain method
‫ج( روش ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ‬
In this method the static pressure increase
(static regain) at each take-off, offsets the
‫ در ﻫﺮ اﻧﺸﻌﺎب و ﺧﻢﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﺗﻼف‬،‫در اﻳﻦ روش‬
27
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
pressure loss of the succeeding sections of
ductwork. This method is specially suited to
supply systems having long runs with many
registers and diffuser located at take-offs.
With this design procedure, approximately the
same static pressure exists at the entrance of
each branch, simplifying outlet selection.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ﻓﺸﺎر در ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺑﻌﺪي ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻛﺸﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ اﻳﻦ روش در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي‬.‫اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﻫﻮاي رﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ داراي ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ و درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﻫﻮاﭘﺨﺶﻛﻦ در اﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﺎت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ در ورودي ﻫﺮ اﻧﺸﻌﺎب و‬،‫روش ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬
.‫درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺎده ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‬
d) Constant velocity method
‫د( روش ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬
This method is generally applied to exhaust
systems.
.‫اﻳﻦ روش ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
7.2.1.4 The duct sizing (supply, return and
exhaust) shall be conducted in accordance with
AMCA-500-D 2007 standard conforming to the
latest issue of NFPA pamphlet 90 A (standards
for installation of air conditioning and ventilating
system).
‫ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻛﺎﻧﺎل )رﻓﺖ‬4-1-2-7
7.2.1.5 Based upon specified design method the
automated computerized duct sizing approach
through Auto cad are recommended for use. This
procedure shall be capable to perform an analysis
of trunk and run out lengths, fittings, run out air
quantities and noise program. (The duct design
method through Auto cad shall use the
methodology of the 2005 ASHRAE fundamentals
and the noise control calculations shall be based
on the 2007 HVAC system duct design published
by SMACNA.)
‫ اﺑﻌﺎد‬،‫ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه‬5-1-2-7
‫ و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ‬AMCA-500-D-2007 ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي‬NFPA 90A ‫آﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.(‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
-‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش اﺗﻮﻛﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و‬،‫ اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﺟﺮاي‬.‫ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺧﺮوج ﻫﻮا از آﻧﻬﺎ و‬،‫ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت‬،‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ و ﻃﻮل ﻛﺎﻧﺎل‬
‫ )ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﺑﻪ روش اﺗﻮﻛﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﺮوﺻﺪا ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﻠﺪ اﺻﻮل و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت‬ASHRAE 2005 ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
HVAC ‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪا ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل‬
(.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬SMACNA ‫ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮه از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬2007
7.2.1.6 Any of the following traverse joints used
in ducting shall be considered:
‫ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﻋﺮﺿﻲ ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﺳﺎزي‬6-1-2-7
:‫ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
- pocket or slip joint;
‫ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺟﻴﺒﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻐﺰﺷﻲ؛‬-
- Flanged or ’S’ slip joint;
‫؛‬S ‫ ﻓﻠﻨﺠﻲ ﻳﺎ اﺗﺼﺎل ﻟﻐﺰﺷﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ‬-
- Sleeve or drive slip joint.
.‫ ﻏﻼﻓﻲ ﻳﺎ اﺗﺼﺎل راﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه ﻟﻐﺰﺷﻲ‬-
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For types of various joints and its application of
use, reference is made to IPS-E-AR-160 and
relevant ASHRAE guidebook.
‫ﺑﺮاي اﻧﻮاع اﺗﺼــﺎﻻت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑــﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧــﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬ASHRAE ‫ و ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬IPS-E-AR-160
7.2.1.7 The following recommended fabrication
schedule for galvanized sheet metal ducting shall
be used, where applicable:
‫ ﺟﺪول ارﻗﺎم اﻋﺸﺎري ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي‬7-1-2-7
:‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﮔﺎﻟﻮاﻧﻴﺰه در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد دارد‬
28
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
DUCT WIDTH
THICKNESS
FLAT BAR
ANGLE IRON
‫ﻋﺮض ﻛﺎﻧﺎل‬
‫ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ‬
SIZE (SLIP)
(FOR BRACING)
‫اﻧﺪازه ﺗﺴﻤﻪ )ﺧﻢ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺸﻲ آﻫﻨﻲ )ﺑﺮاي‬
(‫ﺷﺪه‬
(‫اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم‬
Up to
SPACING
AT
‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ در‬
‫ﺗﺎ‬
76 cm
0.6 mm (24ga)
2.54 cm (1")
2.5×2.5×3mmthick
4 Ft
107 cm
0.8 mm (22 ga)
1.54 cm (1")
3cm×3cm×3mm
4 Ft
137 cm
0.8 mm (22 ga)
3.81 cm (1½")
4cm×4cm×3mm
4 Ft
157-214 cm
1.0 mm (20 ga)
3.81 cm (1½")
4cm×4cm×3mm
2 Ft
244 cm
1.20mm(18 ga)
3.81 cm (1½")
4cm×4cm×5mm
2 Ft
Above 245 cm
1.20mm(18 ga)
3.81 cm (1½")
5cm×5cm×6mm
2 Ft
7.2.1.8 Recommended minimum zinc coating
requirement on each standard 1000 × 2000 mm
galvanized sheets shall be per the following
schedule:
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ روﻛﺶ روي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﻫﺮ ورﻗﻪ‬8-1-2-7
‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮار ذﻳﻞ‬1000×2000 ‫ﮔﺎﻟﻮاﻧﻴﺰه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
:‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
0.26 kg/m2 (0.85 ounce per sqft) for 0.5 mm
thick sheets
(‫ اوﻧﺲ در ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬0/85) ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬0/26
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬0/5 ‫ﺑﺮاي ورﻗﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ‬
0.315 kg/m2 (1.05 ounce per sqft) for sheets
0.6 mm to 1 mm thick
(‫ اوﻧﺲ در ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬1/05) ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬0/315
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬1 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬0/6 ‫ﺑﺮاي ورﻗﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ‬
0.375 kg/m2 (1.25 ounce per sqft) for sheets
1.20 to 1.25 mm thick
(‫ اوﻧﺲ در ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬1/25) ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬0/375
.‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ‬1/25 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1/20 ‫ﺑﺮاي ورﻗﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ‬
7.2.1.9 Smooth transitions and long radius fittings
with properly sized take-offs shall be provided for
the duct system. The provision of splitter damper
near each take-offs (branch line) shall be made
where applications demand. All sharp 90° elbows
shall be provided with turning vanes.
‫ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻳﻜﻨﻮاﺧﺖ و اﺗﺼﺎﻻﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻌﺎع زﻳﺎد و‬9-1-2-7
‫اﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازه ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻴﺎز ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﻫﺮ اﻧﺸﻌﺎب )ﻛﺎﻧﺎل اﻧﺸﻌﺎب( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﮔﺮدد‬
90 ‫ در ﺗﻤﺎم زاﻧﻮﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﺪ‬.‫داﻣﭙﺮ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫درﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﺮهﻫﺎي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﺼﺐ ﻧﻤﻮد‬
7.2.1.10 Duct insulation
‫ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل‬10-1-2-7
7.2.1.10.1 Thermal insulation shall be able to
retard the flow of heat energy and its materials
can be fibrous sheet or monolithic, open or closed
cell, or composite of these materials that can be
chemically or mechanically bound or supported.
It is provided for ducts to reduce heat leakage into
the air passing to the conditioned area or to
prevent condensation of moisture on the exterior
of the duct. The need for insulation shall depend
upon the peculiarities of each installation
‫ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از اﺗﻼف‬1-10-1-2-7
‫ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻋﺎﻳﻘﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻧﻮع ورﻗﻪﻫﺎي‬.‫اﻧﺮژي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻪ داراي ﻣﻨﻔﺬﻫﺎي ﺑﺎز ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮده ﻳﺎ‬،‫رﺷﺘﻪاي ﻳﺎ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از آﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻻﻳﻪ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫داﺧﻞ ﻫﻮاي ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻮا را ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻲرﺳﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ﮔﺮدد ﻳــﺎ از ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻛﺎﻧـــﺎل‬
29
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
including provisions for fire protection.
‫ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ داراي‬.‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺗﻲ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوم در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﺗﺶ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
7.2.1.10.2 The insulating material shall not cause
moisture absorption and be used on all ducts
running outside of building, on cool air supply
ducts running through unconditioned spaces, and
on ducts running through hot spaces such as
boiler rooms.
‫ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ را ﺟﺬب ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ و آن‬2-10-1-2-7
7.2.1.10.3 Insulation is optional on supply ducts
running through conditioned spaces, and not
recommended for return or exhaust ducts.
‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﻋﺎﻳﻖ روي ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي رﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ از‬
‫ روي‬،‫را ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه در ﺧﺎرج از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﺣﺎوي ﻫﻮاي ﺧﻨﻚ در ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ و‬
.‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﺎي ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﮔﺮم از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮد‬
3-10-1-2-7
‫ اﺧﺘﻴﺎري اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي‬،‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻲﮔﺬرﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻫﻮا ﻳﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﺮدد‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For type and material specification of insulating
materials, reference is made to IPS-M-AR-235.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻮع و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻛﺎﻻﻫــﺎي ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﺑــﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-M-AR-235
7.2.2 Air outlet devices
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﻮا‬2-2-7
7.2.2.1 The distributed air from the ducting is
circulated to the space through a properly
designed supply air outlets. Due consideration
shall be given to throw, drop, rise and spread on
air outlets’ capabilities.
‫ ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻲ از ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬1-2-2-7
7.2.2.2 Each outlets, grilles, registers and
diffusers shall have sponge rubber gasket around
it and shall be installed with a moth-proof
supportive wooden frame between the duct neck
and air outlets.
، ‫ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﻮا از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي دﻳﻮاري‬2-2-2-7
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در‬.‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه ﮔﺮدش ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺻﻌﻮد و‬،‫ اﻓﺖ‬،‫ﻧﻈﺮ داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﭘﺮﺗﺎب‬
.‫ﭘﺨﺶ ﻫﻮا را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ و ﭘﺨﺶ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ دور آﻧﻬﺎ داراي واﺷﺮ ﻻﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ‬
‫اﺳﻔﻨﺠﻲ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎ ﻗﺎب ﭼﻮﺑﻲ درزﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل و‬
.‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﻮا ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For additional information, on air outlet devices,
reference is made to IPS-E-AR-160.
‫ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻮرد درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-E-AR-160 ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
7.2.3 Variable air volume (VAV)
‫ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﻮا‬3-2-7
7.2.3.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-3-2-7
7.2.3.1.1 The VAV system design can air
‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﻮا ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬1-1-3-2-7
condition both perimeter and interior spaces. The
‫ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي‬.‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ را ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
internal sensible cooling load in interior spaces
when occupied remains relatively constant the
‫ ﺑﺎر‬،‫داﺧﻠﻲ در ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎل ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﺷﻐﺎل ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
year round, while the internal sensible load
،‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺤﺴﻮس را ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺤﺴﻮس داﺧﻠﻲ )ﻧﻔﺮات‬
(people,
‫ ﺣﺮارت ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪي و اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ‬،‫ﭼﺮاغﻫﺎ‬
light,
solar
and
transmission)
in
perimeter spaces can require either heating or
‫ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي اﻃﺮاف ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرج و ﺑﺎر‬.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‬
cooling depending upon the outside weather
.‫داﺧﻠﻲ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
conditions and the internal load.
30
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﻮا‬2-1-3-2-7
7.2.3.1.2 Conditioned air from the VAV terminal
units can be supplied to multiple T-Bar slot air
diffusers through flexible ductwork between the
terminal unit and the diffusers. The diffusers are
set over the T-Bar ceiling framework. Some
manufacturers provide integral diffuser with their
terminal unit (s). Control for conditioning an area
is achieved by the terminal unit (s) regulating the
amount of cool air entering the room through the
T-Bar slot air diffuser (s). The terminal unit shall
be equipped with motor controlled throttling
damper arrangement activated by a room
thermostat to admit more or less air to the
conditioned space.
‫ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺷﻜﺎﻓﺪار‬T ‫ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪﺗﺎﻳﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺎﻧﺎلﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ و‬
‫ درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا در‬.‫درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬.‫ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬T ‫ﺑﺎﻻي ﻗﺎب ﺳﻘﻒ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ را ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺎ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي ﺧﻨﻚ‬.‫ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺷﻜﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ‬T ‫ورودي ﺑﻪ اﺗﺎق از ﻣﻴﺎن درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮر دﻣﭙﺮ ﺑﻮده و‬.‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮد‬
‫ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﺳﺘﺎت ﻣﻴﺰان ﻫﻮاي ورودي )ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ( را ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
7.2.3.2 Types of airside system
‫ اﻧﻮاع ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ‬2-3-2-7
7.2.3.2.1 Single supply air duct
‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﺗﻜﻲ ﻫﻮاي رﻓﺖ‬1-2-3-2-7
The single supply air duct system (with single or
multizone air handling unit) are typical for VAV,
wherein the terminal unit modulates the supply
air volume. In this system the refrigeration and air
handling equipment are sized according to the
building block load, typically 15 to 20% less than
the sum of the peak loads. (For example one zone
may be at peak load in the morning while the
other may be at part load. The reverse holds true
in the afternoon yet the same amount of air would
be handled by the fan since the air not required by
one zone would be used for another).
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﺗﻜﻲ ﻫﻮاي رﻓﺖ )ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮا رﺳﺎن ﺗﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي( ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي اﺳﺖ از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮاي ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ‬
‫ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬،‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬.‫از ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺎر ﺑﻠﻮك ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن و اﻧﺪازه آن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬
‫ درﺻﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬20 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬15 ‫ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬،‫ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺎر ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در‬
‫ در ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دﻳﮕﺮ داراي‬،‫ﺻﺒﺢ داراي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺎر‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﺑﺎر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ( در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎدزن ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ آن ﺳﻮ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد و ﺑﺮاي‬
.‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﺴﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
7.2.3.2.2 Double duct
‫ دوﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ‬2-2-3-2-7
The dual duct operates as one for cold air and
another for hot air which are supplied through
mixture terminal unit. This system is available in
many variations but the common type supplies a
constant volume of room supply air by mixing
cold air and hot air, thus varying the supply air
temperature in response to room temperature.
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ دوﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺮد و ﻛﺎﻧﺎل دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻮاي ﮔﺮم ﻛﻪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ در اﻧﻮاع‬.‫ﻳﻚ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻫﻮاي رﻓﺖ اﺗﺎق را ﺑﻪ‬،‫ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻮع ﻣﺘﺪاول آن‬،‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ وﺟﻮد دارد‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ﺣﺠﻢ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ در ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺮد و ﮔﺮم ﻣﻬﻴﺎ‬
‫ دﻣﺎي‬،‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﺗﺎق‬.‫ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﻫﻮاي رﻓﺖ را ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ‬
Ducting design shall be based on velocity over 15
m/s and over 76 mm water (over 3000 FPM and
pressures above 3" water), where pressure and
power requirements are greater than those of the
conventional systems. As the duct velocity
increases, duct friction and total pressure
increases, requiring additional pressure at the fan.
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ و‬15 ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
3000 ‫ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﻴﺶ از‬76 ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
‫ اﻳﻨﭻ آب( ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﺸﺎر و ﻗﺪرت‬3 ‫ﻓﻮت در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ در ﻛﺎﻧﺎل‬.‫ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف اﺳﺖ‬
‫ اﺻﻄﻜﺎك ﻛﺎﻧﺎل و ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻠﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ و‬،‫اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
31
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
(Use of dual duct system is not recommended for
Iran.)
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫در اﻳﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎدزن ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.(‫)ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ دوﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ در اﻳﺮان ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﺮدد‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
The recommended duct sizing method can also be
through low friction combined with static regain.
This method is capable to maintain the static
pressure relatively constant at all points in the
system, thus facilitating balancing, increasing
stability and providing for greater flexibility.
‫روش ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ روش‬.‫روش اﺻﻄﻜﺎك ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎ روش ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺎدر اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﺛﺎﺑﺖ را در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﻘﺎط‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺛﺒﺎت و‬.‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﺎزد‬
.‫اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﻳﺮي در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
7.2.4 Methods of Filtering Air
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا‬4-2-7
7.2.4.1 Filtered air in air conditioning shall be
used to maintain a clean atmosphere in the
conditioned space. The concentration of
contaminants in the air and the degree of
cleanliness required in the conditioned space
determines the type of filters required.
‫ ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ‬1-4-2-7
‫ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬.‫ﻫﻮاي داﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن را ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻧﮕﻪ دارد‬
‫ ﻧﻮع‬،‫ﻏﻠﻈﺖ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻫﻮا و ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻤﻴﺰي ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
.‫ﺻﺎﻓﻲﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For additional information on type of filters, its
selection method and air resistance capability,
reference is made to IPS-E-AR-160.
‫ روش اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻣﻘﺪار‬،‫ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻮع ﺻﺎﻓﻲﻫﺎ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-E-AR-160 ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
8. CENTRAL HVAC SYSTEM
‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬،‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬-8
8.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-8
The central HVAC system generally represent an
arrangement of equipment which includes air
conditioning through means of refrigeration, one
or more heat transfer units, room or space air
terminal units, pumping units, air filtration
assembly, a means of air distribution, an
arrangement for piping the refrigerant and heating
medium, and suitable controls to regulate the
proper capacity and function of these
components.
ً‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬،‫ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬،‫آراﻳﺸﻲ از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
،‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا‬،‫ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﭘﻤﭙﺎژ‬،‫ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺗﺎﻗﻲ‬،‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت‬
‫ ﺗﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﻣﺒﺮد و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬،‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻫﻮا‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ درﺳﺘﻲ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﺟﺰاء را‬
.‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
8.2 Refrigeration Machines
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬2-8
8.2.1 Common type of refrigeration machines,
classified according to their type of operation are
mechanical compression, absorption and vacuum.
Mechanical compression machines may be
divided into reciprocating, rotary and scroll types.
‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﻧﻮع ﻣﺘﺪاول دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮ‬1-2-8
.‫ اﻳﺠﺎد ﺟﺬب و ﺧﻼء ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫اﺳﺎس ﻧﻮع ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در اﻧﻮاع ﺑﻪ رﻓﺖ و‬
.‫ ﭼﺮﺧﺸﻲ و ﺣﻠﺰوﻧﻲ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ‬
8.2.2 Methods for the measurement of unit sound
levels shall be based on ARI Standard 575-94.
‫ روشﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪاي دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺮ‬2-2-8
.‫ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬575-94 ‫ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ARI ‫اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
8.3 Central Chillers
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬3-8
The two central chiller unit commonly used on
large commercial and industrial installations
‫دو ﻧﻮع دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي‬
32
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
(preferably over 100 TR cooling capacity) are:
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ﺑﺰرگ ﺗﺠﺎري و ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲروﻧﺪ )ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎً ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
:‫ ﺗﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ( ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬100
- Absorption water chillers (its condenserevaporator represents refrigeration cycle and
absorber-generator represents power cycle).
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي آﺑﻲ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ )ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه – ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ‬‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه آن ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ و ﺟﺬب ﻛﻨﻨﺪه – ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
.(‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه آن ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻗﺪرت ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
- Centrifugal water chillers (consists basically
of a centrifugal compressor, a shell and tube
cooler and a condenser).
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي آﺑﻲ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از‬.(‫ ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ و ﻟﻮﻟﻪ و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
8.3.1 Absorption chillers
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬1-3-8
8.3.1.1 The absorption machine which can be
fired by natural gas, oil, steam or even waste heat,
employs environmentally safe lithium bromide
with anti-corrosive inhibitor in the cooling
process has its cycle based on two principles:
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از ﻧﻮع ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬1-1-3-8
‫ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺣﺮارت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬،‫ ﮔﺎزوﻳﻴﻞ ﺳﻮز‬،‫ﺳﻮز‬
‫ ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ ﺑﺮوﻣﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎده ﺿﺪﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ داراي ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮ‬
:‫اﺳﺎس دو اﺻﻞ زﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
a) Lithium bromide solution has the ability to
absorb water vapor.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ ﺑﺮوﻣﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬب ﺑﺨﺎر آب‬
b) Water as refrigerant, will boil or flash cool
itself, at low temperatures when it is subjected
to a high vacuum.
‫ در دﻣﺎي‬،‫ب( آب ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮﺷﻴﺪن ﻳﺎ ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﺪن آﻧﻲ ﺧﻮد‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬،‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎﻻ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
.‫ﻣﺒﺮد ﺑﻜﺎر ﻣﻲ رود‬
‫ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺷﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎً از ﻧﻮع‬2-1-3-8
8.3.1.2 A direct fired preferably gas absorptiontype chilled hot water generator (also called
chiller-heater assembly) single or dual effect
factory assembled tested and installed on a
rugged steel base is a recommended updated
technology to be used on all large and major
installations. While providing round-the-year air
conditioning with one unit it saves machine room
space, requires lower initial investment, prevents
ozone depletion problem, reduces peak power
consumption and costs for electricity, operation
and maintenance are low.
‫ﮔﺎزي ﻛــﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ آب ﺳﺮد ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮم ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ )ﻛﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ‬
‫ﺑــﺎ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻲﺷﻮد( از ﻧﻮع ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ دو اﺛﺮه ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ در ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺪه و روي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺷﻴﺎردار ﻓﻮﻻدي‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد از ﻓﻦآوري روز ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار‬.‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ‬.‫ﺑﻮده و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﺪه و اﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻳﻚ واﺣﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد‬
،‫ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻘﺮون ﺑــﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﻮده‬،‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ ﻋﺎري از ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ‬،‫ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬاري اوﻟﻴﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦﺗﺮ‬
‫ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺮق ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي‬،‫ﻻﻳﻪ ازن‬
.‫راﻫﺒﺮي و ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮات آن ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
8.3.1.3 To provide proper operation and eliminate
hazards, a suitable microprocessor technology
shall be used. These should preferably be
supplied with microprocessor-based burner
control, lithium bromide control to prevent
crystallization, a bearing-wear monitoring system
on pumps with variable speed drives.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد درﺳﺖ و ﺣﺬف ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮات ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از‬3-1-3-8
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎر‬.‫ﻓﻦآوري رﻳﺰﭘﺮدازﻧﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ ﺑﺮوﻣﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬،‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎً ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‬
‫ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺗﺎﻗﺎن‬،‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﻛﺮﻳﺴﺘﺎل ﺷﺪن‬
.‫ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ رﻳﺰﭘﺮدازﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
33
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬2-3-8
8.3.2 Centrifugal chillers
a) These chillers have compressors which are
not constant displacement type; it offers a
wide range of capacities continuously
modulated over a limited range of pressure
ratios.
‫اﻟﻒ( اﻳﻦ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎ داراي ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ از ﻧﻮع‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ؛ اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮع ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮاردي‬
‫ﻛﻪ داراي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ زﻳﺎد و ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
b) By altering built-in design items (including
number of stages, compressor speed, impeller
diameters, and choice of refrigerant), it can be
used in liquid chillers having a wide range of
design chilled liquid temperatures and design
cooling fluid temperatures providing much
faster cooling requirement for space than
absorption machines.
‫ب( ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي داﺧﻞ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ )ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
c) Its ability to vary capacity continuously to
match a wide range of load conditions with
nearly proportionate changes in power
consumption makes it desirable for both close
temperature control and energy conservation.
Its ability to operate at greatly reduced
capacity makes for more on-the-line time with
infrequent starting.
‫ج( ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ در ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ در ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬
d) Its capacity can be varied to match the load
by means of constant speed drive with variable
inlet guide vanes or suction damper control, or
a variable speed drive with the suction damper
control.
‫د( ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻫﻤﺨﻮاﻧﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬
e) These machines are available in water
cooled or air cooled and classified by either
open or closed type of compressor unit,
operating with either direct or external power
sources through electric, steam or diesel
powered operation. Generally the evaporators
operate flooded and the flow control chamber
acts as the expansion device.
‫ﻫ( اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ‬
‫ ﻗﻄﺮ ﭘﺮواﻧﻪ و ﻧﻮع ﻣﺒﺮد( ﻛﻪ‬،‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬،‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬
‫داراي ﻃﻴﻒ وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬
‫ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز را‬
.‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰان وﺳﻴﻊ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺑﺮق ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻲ را ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد‬.‫دﻗﻴﻖ دﻣﺎ و ﺑﻘﺎي اﻧﺮژي ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺳﺎزد‬
‫ﺑــﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ زﻳـﺎد در ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺧﻮد ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ‬
.‫زﻣﺎن زﻳﺎدي ﺑﺪون ﻗﻄﻊ و ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺷﻲ ﻛﺎر ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ و ﺑﺎ داﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﺮهﻫﺎي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دﻣﭙﺮ ﻣﻜﺶ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﺮك ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
.‫ اﻣﻜﺎن ﭘﺬﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ‬، ‫دﻣﭙﺮﻣﻜﺶ‬
‫ و‬،‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻮع ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﺑﺎز ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻳﺎ‬،‫ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬،‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻗﺪرت ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻳﺎ دروﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ ﺑــﺎ‬.‫دﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ ﺷﺪن و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺑــﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
.‫اﻧﺒﺴﺎﻃﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
centrifugal-absorption
‫ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ – ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬3-3-8
8.3.3.1 In choosing an air conditioning system of
large tonnage, it is common practice to settle
upon either a steam absorption system or an
electric or steam driven centrifugal chiller.
However by using a combination of absorption
machine and steam turbine drive centrifugal
chillers, it may be possible to obtain a more
efficient system.
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬1-3-3-8
8.3.3 Combination
system
‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻣﻲﺗﻮان از ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺨﺎري ﻳﺎ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ و ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻛﻪ از ﻧﻴﺮوي ﻣﺤﺮﻛﻪ ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
.‫ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ از ﻧﻈﺮ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن‬
34
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﺨﺎر‬،‫ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬2-3-3-8
8.3.3.2 The combination system provides lower
steam cost and operating cost. Also it has lower
heat rejection rate than low pressure absorption
systems, requiring smaller cooling towers,
pumps, piping and wire sizes for the units’
electrical power. The centrifugal chiller can be
electric powered. When steam powered full load
steam rates of 10 to 12lbs/hr/ton can be obtained
with 896 kpag (130 psig) supply steam.
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺮخ دﻓﻊ‬.‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﺣﺮارت اﻳﻨﻬﺎ از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ‬
‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ و‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ‬،‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ از‬.‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮق ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﻴﺎز دارد‬
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮخ زﻳﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان‬.‫ﻧﻮع ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان از ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎري‬،‫ ﭘﻮﻧﺪ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ در ﺗﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬12 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬10
‫ ﭘﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻨﭻ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬130) ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬896 ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان‬
.‫ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد‬
8.3.3.3 This combination for cooling load 700 ton
of refrigeration and above shall be applied on
ratio of 1:2 respectively (one centrifugal and two
absorption), for providing lower operating costs
modulated through control of steam and chilled
water circuits.
‫ ﺗﻦ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ و‬700 ‫ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬3-3-3-8
8.3.3.4 It is recommended that with one
centrifugal and one absorption combination
system, the piping for chilled water circuit should
be arranged in a series fashion where all the water
flow through the absorption chiller first and the
centrifugal chiller second. On such cases the
cooling water for the condensers shall be piped in
parallel.
‫ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻳﻚ‬4-3-3-8
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﻮد )ﻳﻚ‬2 ‫ ﺑﻪ‬1 ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪوداً ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ و دو دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺟﺬﺑﻲ( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻛﺎﻫﺶ‬
.‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺑﺨﺎر و آب ﺳﺮد‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ و ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪار‬
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن آب‬،‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ آب ﺳﺮد را ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻧﺠﺎم داد‬
.‫اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﮔﺬر ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ آب ﺳﺮد ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ورودي ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬،‫در اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮح‬
.‫ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻮازي ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
8.3.3.5 In the event one centrifugal is to be
combined with two absorption chillers, arranging
of chilled water circuits in and out of the
combination shall affect the steam circuit and
flow. The principle recommended arrangements
are as follows:
‫ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺎ دو ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬5-3-3-8
‫ آراﻳﺶ ﻣﺪارﻫﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬،‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ روي ﻣﺪار ﺑﺨﺎر و ﺟﺮﻳﺎن آن اﺛﺮ ﺑﮕﺬارد‬
:‫اﺻﻮل آراﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
a) Water in and out, in parallel with each of
the three machines handling separate load.
This arrangement is seldom used.
‫اﻟﻒ( آب ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮازي از ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ‬
.‫از ﺳﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺎر را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
.‫اﻳﻦ آراﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪرت ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
b) Water in and out in parallel but with a
common
load
and
common
piping
connections. This arrangement is frequently
used.
‫ب( آب ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮازي اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎر‬
c) Water in and out of the absorption unit in
parallel, then in and out of the centrifugal in
series. This arrangement is commonly used.
‫ج( آب ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت‬
d) Water in and out of all units in series. This
method is not in common use.
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫د ( آب ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺳﺮي‬
‫ اﻳﻦ آراﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر‬.‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮك و اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬
.‫ﻣﻜﺮر ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
‫ﻣﻮازي و ﺳﭙﺲ آب ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از‬
‫ اﻳﻦ آراﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر‬.‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺳﺮي‬
.‫ﻣﻲرود‬
.‫روش ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻧﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
35
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
8.3.3.6 Where stand-by applications are required,
it is recommended that capacity of each of the
three machines be evenly split into one-third of
the total load. Therefore should the centrifugal
chiller be shut down for some reason, the
remaining units could still handle two-third of the
total load.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ وﻗﺘﻲ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻳﺪك ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬6-3-3-8
‫ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎر در ﻧﻈﺮ‬1 ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد ﺑﺎر ﻫﺮﻳﻚ از ﺳﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
3
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ وﻗﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻠﻲ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻣﻮش‬.‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﺑﺎر را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬2 ‫ ﭼﻠﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻗﻴﻤﺎﻧﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬.‫ﺷﻮد‬
3
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For special applications, provision of stand-by
facilities shall be given due consideration.
‫ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﻳﺪك در ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻗﻴﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي وﻳﮋه‬
.‫ﮔﺮدد‬
8.4 Air Cooled Versus Water Cooled System
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آب ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬4-8
8.4.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-4-8
8.4.1.1 Depending on economic and operating
advantages, the selection of air cooled or water
cooled system shall be carefully evaluated. In
places where water is insufficient or expensive,
where a high ambient wet bulb temperature
exists, where cooling water pumping or water
cooling costs are uneconomical, water cooled
systems are not recommended
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬،‫ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺰاﻳﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد‬1-1-4-8
8.4.1.2 The air cooled system is applicable where
the ambient dry bulb temperature is below the
desired condensing temperature. On sites with
abusive conditions the air cooled condenser
specification must be protected with specific
metals and control requirements, other than
standard.
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ زﻳﺮ دﻣﺎي‬2-1-4-8
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻳﺎ آب ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺣﺘﻴﺎط‬
‫ در ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ آب ﻛﺎﻓﻲ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ‬.‫ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ وﺟﻮد‬،‫ﮔﺮان اﺳﺖ‬
‫دارد و ﻣﺤﻞ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻤﭙﺎژ آب ﺳﺮد ﻳﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي آب ﺳﺮد‬
.‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ آب ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﺮدد‬،‫ﻏﻴﺮاﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﺳﺖ‬
‫ در‬.‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬،‫ﻣﻴﻌﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎي ﻛﺎر ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺑﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻠﺰﻫﺎي وﻳﮋه و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﺶ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﮔﺮدد‬
8.4.1.3 In general, air-cooled units are suitable
choice for wet bulb temperatures above 26.7°C
(80°F) and water cooled temperatures are suitable
choice for high ambient dry bulb with low
relative humidity.
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ‬3-1-4-8
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬26/7 ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﻻي‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( و دﻣﺎﻫﺎي آب ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬80)
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑـﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
.‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
8.4.1.4 Since both systems are exposed to sun,
wind, storm, rain, dust etc., a suitable site
location and structure away from any hindrances
shall be considered for economical operation
،‫ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ دو ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻧﻮر ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ‬4-1-4-8
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد‬،‫ ﮔﺮد و ﻏﺒﺎر و ﻏﻴﺮه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﺎران‬،‫ﻃﻮﻓﺎن‬
.‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎزه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
8.4.2 Condensing mediums
‫ واﺳﻄﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ‬2-4-8
Any one of the following condensing medium
shall be considered for refrigeration equipment:
‫ﻫﺮﻳﻚ از واﺳﻄﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
:‫در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
36
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫( واﺣﺪ آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آب ﭼﺎه ﻳﺎ آب ﺷﻬﺮي‬I
I) Water-cooled based on well or city water. A
wet bulb temperature not less than the design
outside wet bulb shall be considered for the
selection of cooling towers.
‫ دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬.‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻜﺎر ﻣﻲ رود ﻛﻪ‬،‫( واﺣﺪ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬II
II) Air-cooled, where the condenser air
temperature shall not be less than the design
dry bulb.
‫دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ‬
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫( ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬III
III) Evaporative condenser cooling, where the
condenser shall be selected for a wet bulb
temperature not less than the design.
.‫ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮي ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﺮد‬
8.4.3 Economic comparison
‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬3-4-8
8.4.3.1 Economic comparison for the cooling
tower should include the initial cost, make-up
water facilities, wind velocity, blow down
facilities, piping length, water treatment, and the
overall available power supply.
‫ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬1-3-4-8
8.4.3.2 The application evaluation on either air
cooled or water cooled system shall depend upon,
but not limited to, the following conditions:
‫ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻳﺎ آب‬
،‫ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎد‬،‫ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ آب‬،‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬،‫ﻃﻮل ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
2-3-4-8
‫ﺧﻨﻚﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ذﻳﻞ و از ﺳﻮﻳﻲ ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑــﻪ‬
:‫اﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
a) Ambient dry bulb and wet bulb
temperatures.
.‫اﻟﻒ( دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬
.‫ب( ﻣﻘﺪار و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬
b) Quantity and quality of available water.
c) Available space for installations.
.‫ج( ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺼﺐ‬
.‫د( اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ اﺟﺰاء‬
d) Component replacement facilities.
.‫ﻫ( ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد‬
e) Operating pressure limitations.
f) Wind and storm velocity.
.‫و( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎد و ﻃﻮﻓﺎن‬
g) Initial and shipping costs.
.‫ز( ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ و ﺣﻤﻞ‬
.‫ح( ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺳﺮوﺻﺪا و ﻟﺮزش‬
h) Noise environmental vibration limitations.
.‫ط( ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮات و راﻫﺒﺮي‬
i) Maintenance and operating costs.
.‫ي( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎر‬
j) Site corrosive conditions.
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
On both systems the fabrication capabilities in
Iran shall be given due consideration and a
feasibility chart shall be compiled for
optimization, to try and make the designed
system fully perfect, functional and effective, cost
and efficiency wise.
‫در ﻫﺮ دو ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ در اﻳﺮان ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻈﺮات‬
‫داده ﺷﺪه و ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﻮدار ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺑﻮدن و ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ‬
،‫آن ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺧﻮش ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ و راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﻌﻘﻮل ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ‬،‫ﻛﺎرآﻣﺪ‬
37
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
8.5 Chilled/Hot Water Piping
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ﮔﺮم‬/‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﺸﻲ آب ﺳﺮد‬5-8
8.5.1 It is used in large air conditioning systems
where chilled/hot water flows through black
carbon steel pipes providing the cooling media
from the chillers through the pumps to the
terminal units and air handling equipment.
‫ در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻛﻪ آب ﺳﺮد و ﮔﺮم‬1-5-8
‫ آﺑﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬،‫درون ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻدي ﺳﻴﺎه ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ و‬
.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻫﻮاﺳﺎزﻫﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﭘﻴﺪا ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
8.5.2 The following steps shall be considered in
the design of the chilled/hot water piping circuit:
‫ ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ذﻳﻞ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺪار ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ آب ﺳﺮد وﮔﺮم‬2-5-8
:‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
1) Local building codes and ordinances shall
be studied and complied with.
‫( آﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻣﺤﻠﻲ و ﺳﺒﻚ ﻣﻌﻤﺎري ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬1
2) Shut-off valves shall be provided at all
individual pieces of equipment to enable
normal servicing of unit without draining
system.
‫( ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺗﻤﺎم اﺟﺰاء ﺗﻜﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬2
3) For remote room unit installations, the
reversed return piping system shall be used to
secure an inherently balanced system. A
properly designed constant flow control valves
can be used in lieu of reverse return system.
‫( در ﻧﺼﺐ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي اﺗﺎﻗﻲ دور از دﺳﺘﺮس ﺟﻬﺖ‬3
4) A dirt leg and blow-off valve shall be
provided on both supply and return risers.
‫( ﺳﺎق ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻮاد زاﺋﺪ و ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬4
5) All high points in the piping circuit shall be
properly vented to prevent air lock in the lines.
‫ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫( ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﺤﺒﻮس ﺷﺪن ﻫﻮا در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ‬5
6) In systems designed for heating and
cooling, pipe expansion caused by the change
in water temperature shall be provided for.
‫( در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬6
7) Where noise is a factor, it is recommended
that water velocities in pipes up to 2" size
should not exceed 1.25 m/s (four feet per
second), and maximum 3.10 m/s in pipes from
2½" through 8" including headers.
،‫( وﻗﺘﻲ ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪا ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬7
‫ اﻳﻨﭻ از‬2 ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ آب در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﻮت در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ( ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و‬4) ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬1/25
‫ ﻓﻮت در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ( در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬10) ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬3/10 ‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬
.‫ اﻳﻨﭻ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ‬8 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬2 1 ‫از ﻗﻄﺮ‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﮔﺮدد ﺗﺎ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺧﻮد را‬
.‫ﺑﺪون ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﺪ‬
‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻛﺮدن ﻣﺘﻌﺎدل و ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎر ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬.‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻣﻌﻜﻮس ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رود‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺛﺎﺑﺖ را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻜﻮس ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮد‬
‫در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﻋﻤﻮدي )راﻳﺰرﻫﺎ( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
.‫ﮔﺮدد‬
.‫ﻧﻘﺎط ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺪار ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ اﻧﺒﺴﺎط در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات دﻣﺎﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‬
. ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
2
8) The total friction loss of the piping circuit
shall be carefully calculated to determine the
pumping head.
‫ اﺗﻼف اﺻﻄﻜﺎك ﻛﻞ ﻣﺪار‬،‫( ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﭘﻤﭙﺎژ‬8
9) Where individual unit flow control or shutoff is to be provided, by-pass or three-way
valves shall be used to limit system water
‫( وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر‬9
.‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﻣﺠﺰا در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺪود ﻛﺮدن ﻓﺸﺎر آب‬
38
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
pressures and provide adequate flow-rate
through the water cooler.
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ و ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ دﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ در ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه آب‬
.‫ﻛﻨﺎرﮔﺬر ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮ ﺳﻪ راﻫﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
10) A properly designed closed or open type
expansion tank shall be provided for the
system.
‫ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﻧﺒﺴﺎط ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬،‫( ﺑﺮاي ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬10
11) All supply and return chilled/hot water
piping shall be insulated to prevent
condensation.
‫ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ‬، ‫( ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﻣﻴﻌﺎن ﺑﺮ روي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ‬11
.‫ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲﻫﺎي رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ آب ﺳﺮد و ﮔﺮم ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﻋﺎﻳﻘﻜﺎري ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
12) A strainer of at least 40 mesh per square
inch is recommended to be installed in the
piping circuit at the pump inlet.
‫ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬40 ‫( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد ﻳﻚ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ آب ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬12
.‫در اﻳﻨﭻ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ورودي ﭘﻤﭗ ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدد‬
13) Thermometers and pressure gages shall be
strategically located to aid in start-up and test
work and normal service checks. Necessary
tapping for testing, adjusting and balancing
(TAB) procedures shall be provided.
‫( ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻋﺎدي و در ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎر و‬13
‫ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑــﻪ راهاﻧﺪازي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺮورﺗﺎً دﻣﺎﺳﻨﺞ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ‬
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎي ﻻزم ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺑﺮاي‬.‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدد‬
. ‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﺎت و ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬،‫آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﺎت‬
14) The maximum pump pressure or the
maximum pressure created by a static head
should not exceed the design working pressure
of the water cooler or the maximum pressure
ratings of the accessories.
‫( ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﻤﭗ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از‬14
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ آب ﺳﺮدﻛﻦ ﻳﺎ‬
.‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺎت زﻳﺎدﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
8.6 Water Treatment
‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب‬6-8
8.6.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-6-8
8.6.1.1 For proper and efficient operation of a
central HVAC system, adequate water treatment
facilities shall be provided for condenser water
and chilled water circuit. (For further
information, reference is made to ASHRAE 2007
Guidebook, Systems and Application, Chapter
47).
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد درﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬1-1-6-8
8.6.1.2 Besides chemical water treatment, modern
integrated circuitry and signal processing to
produce a demonizing effect for increasing the
solubility of minerals in the liquid can be used.
‫ ﻣﺪار ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬،‫ در ﻛﻨﺎر ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﺷﻴﻤﺎﻳﻲ‬2-1-6-8
8.6.1.3 A fouling allowance of 0.044 m2.C0 /kW
is included in manufacturer’s rating based on ARI
Standard 550/590-2003.
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺠﺎز رﺳﻮب ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ‬3-1-6-8
‫ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬،‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬،‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه و ﻣﺪار آب ﺳﺮد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ ﺟﻠﺪ‬ASHRAE 2007 ‫ﮔﺮدد )ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.(‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬47 ‫ ﻓﺼﻞ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ﻣﺪرن و ﭘﺮدازش ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻟﻲ را ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻳﻮن ﺟﻬﺖ‬
.‫اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﻧﺤﻼل ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ در ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮد‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان‬،ARI 550/590-2003 ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮ وات ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬0/044
39
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
8.6.2 Chilled water treatment
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﺳﺮد‬2-6-8
Limescale causes fouling in the chiller tubes,
reducing efficiency, increasing use of energy and
causing high head pressure. It is recommended
that a closed system treatment be added to the
chilled water, preferably nitrite-type inhibitor
which does not affect the pump glands, water
seals, chiller tubes or other types of commonly
used material.
‫ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬،‫رﺳﻮب آﻫﻜﻲ ﺳﺒﺐ اﻳﺠﺎد رﺳﻮب در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭼﻴﻠﺮ‬
‫ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي و‬،‫ رﺳﻮب در ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﻴﻠﺮ‬،‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن‬
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ‬.‫اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎً ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه ﻧﻮع ﻧﻴﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﻪ‬،‫آب ﺳﺮد اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي ﭼﻴﻠﺮ و ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮاد دﻳﮕﺮ‬،‫ آب ﺑﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬،‫ﮔﻠﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﭘﻤﭗ‬
.‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫اﺛﺮ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﺬارد‬
8.6.3 Condenser water treatment
‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬3-6-8
The condenser water circuit shall be either an
open one in the case of a cooling tower, or a once
through circuit in the case of well water. Treating
well water is not practical, but the water should
be analyzed for its scale forming potential,
including these caused by water from the chillers
draining down through the polyplastic fill. If this
analysis indicates that carbonate or other scale
build-up on the inside of the tubes can be
expected, the condenser shall be selected on the
basis of a 0.57 m2.°C/kW (0.001 ft2.°F.h/Btu)
fouling factor.
‫ﻣﺪار آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻳﺎ از ﻧﻮع ﺑﺎز اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﺮار دارد ﻳﺎاز ﻧﻮع ﻳﻜﻄﺮﻓﻪ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﭼﺎﻫﻚ‬
‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﭼﺎه ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫آب ﻗﺮار دارد‬
‫ در‬.‫ آب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ رﺳﻮب‬
‫ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد رﺳﻮب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ زﻳﺮ آب ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻲ‬
‫ در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﻛﺮﺑﻨﺎت ﻳﺎ‬.‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﺮمﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪه در داﺧﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ در‬./57 ‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه را ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮبﮔﻴﺮي‬
‫ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در درﺟﻪ‬0/001) ‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮوات‬
.‫ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ( اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻤﻮد‬
Notes:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري ﻫﺎ‬
1) The water treatment for the cooling towers
and air handling units (even domestic water
supplies) shall be capable to control and
prevent legionnaires (pneumonic) disease
caused through the bacteria in the water which
lurks in the atmosphere (creating divesting
illness and death). Such water has been shown
to be a common habitat for this organism, and
research by ASHRAE aimed at improving
control and preventive measures are being
conducted.
‫( ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ آب ﺑﺮجﻫﺎي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي‬1
2) To provide saving in energy, water,
chemical treatment and maintenance on large
installation, the suction and the pressure side
of the pump (on chilled/hot water and
condenser water circuits) shall be incorporated
with suitable sized centrifugal action filtration
system (separators) to remove particles as
small as 74 microns for one single passage,
and 44 microns if two separators are used.
‫ ﺗﺼﻔﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و‬،‫ آب‬،‫( ﺑﺮاي ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺟﻮﻳﻲ در اﻧﺮژي‬2
‫ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن )ﺣﺘﻲ آب ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻛـــﻪ از ﺑﻴﻤﺎريﻫﺎي رﻳﻮي ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬
‫در آب ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ در ﻓﻀﺎ ﻛﻤﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ )و ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و‬،(‫ اﻣﺮاض و ﻣﺮگ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬،‫وﻳﺮاﻧﮕﺮي‬
‫ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ آﺑﻲ ﻛﻪ ذﻛﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﺟﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ‬.‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺖ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ آن را ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬ASHRAE ‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي ﻧﻤﻮد‬،‫و از اﻧﺘﻘﺎل آن‬
‫ ﺳﻤﺖ‬،‫ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري آن در ﻧﺼﺐ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎت ﺑﺰرگ‬
‫ﮔﺮم و ﻣﺪارﻫﺎي‬/‫ﻣﻜﺶ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻨﺎري ﭘﻤﭗ )روي آب ﺳﺮد‬
(‫آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه( ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ )ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮون ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻚ ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻫﺎ و‬74 ‫ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﻲ‬
. ‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﮔﺮدد‬،‫ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي دوﮔﺎﻧﻪ‬44
40
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
9. EQUIPMENT SELECTION GUIDELINES
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬-9
9.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-9
9.1.1 The calculated net capacity shall be based
on individual manufacturer’s tables, charts and
performance curve conforming to certified ratings
of ARI, AHAM*, AMCA, CTI*, NEC*, etc.
Necessary correction factors shall be applied
wherever deemed essential.
‫ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺟﺪاول‬1-1-9
‫ ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ و ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ‬،‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺧﺎص‬
‫ و‬AMCA, AHAM*, ARI ‫ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫــﺎي‬
.‫ و ﻏﻴﺮه ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﻴﺮد‬NEC*, CTI*
.‫ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻻزم در ﻣﻮارد ﻧﻴﺎز اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد‬
9.1.2 In selecting types of relevant equipment,
careful consideration shall be given to its
feasibility of usage, initial cost, available
facilities such as necessary spare parts and
performance guarantee in Iran and the owning
and operating cost.
‫ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ دﻗﺖ از ﻧﻈﺮ‬،‫ در اﻧﺘﺨﺎب اﻧﻮاع ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬2-1-9
‫ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﻣﻮﺟﻮد از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻳﺪﻛﻲ‬،‫ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ اوﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد‬
‫ﻻزم و ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ در اﻳﺮان و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در‬
.‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
9.1.3 Since each manufacturer has different
selection procedures, hence the overall selection
method shall be based on procedures outlined by
individual manufacturer.
The
procedures
mentioned in this Standard shall therefore be
considered as recommended guidelines.
‫ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه داراي دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬3-1-9
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي‬،‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻧﻜﺎت ﻋﻤﺪه ﻃﺮح ﺳﺎزﻧﺪهاي ﺧﺎص اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎي ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان‬
.‫راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
The description on selection procedures covered
in this Standard are based on conventional
method suitable for locations devoid of computer
facilities. Computation methods shall be used
wherever computer facilities are available.
‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ در ﻣﻮرد روشﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫روش آﺳﺎﻳﺶ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﻞﻫﺎي ﻋﺎري از ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت‬
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت‬.‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬،‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ‬
AHAM*
Cooling Tower Institute
‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺑﺮجﻫﺎي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
CTI*
National Electrical Code
‫آﻳﻴﻦﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺮق‬
NEC*
*AHAM
Association Of
Manufacturers
*CTI
*NEC
Home
Appliance
9.2 Liquid Chiller Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ‬2-9
9.2.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-2-9
9.2.1.1 These packaged water chillers operate
with broad class of positive displacement
compressors such as:
‫ اﻳﻦ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ آﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر وﺳﻴﻊ ﺑﺎ‬1-1-2-9
:‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ذﻳﻞ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
a) Reciprocating (open, hermetic or semiopen type).
(‫ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺎز‬، ‫اﻟﻒ( رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ )ﺑﺎز‬
b) Rotary (rotating vane, scroll or rolling
piston type).
(‫ ﺣﻠﺰوﻧﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮع ﭘﻴﺴﺘﻮن ﻏﻠﺘﻜﻲ‬،‫ب( ﮔﺮدان )ﭘﺮهاي ﮔﺮدان‬
c) Helical screw type.
(‫ج( ﻧﻮع ﭘﻴﭽﻲ ﻣﺎرﭘﻴﭻ )ﭘﻴﭽﻲ دورﮔﺮد‬
41
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
9.2.1.2 The packaged water chiller may be
available in any one of the following types:
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ آﺑﻲ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻳﻜﻲ از اﻧﻮاع‬2-1-2-9
:‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫( ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه آﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1
1) Complete with water cooled condenser.
.‫( ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬2
2) Complete with integrated air cooled
condenser.
3) For use with remote air cooled condenser
up to maximum 62.8°C (145°F)
condensing temperature.
‫( ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻣﺠﺰا ﺗﺎ‬3
(‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬145) ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬62/8 ‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬
.‫دﻣﺎي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬
9.2.2 Selection steps
‫ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-2-9
9.2.2.1 Chilled water temperature leaving
machine
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬1-2-2-9
Chilled water temperature is selected during
system design. A considerable range of choice
exists for comfort conditioning applications. A
higher chilled water temperature permits a more
economical machine selection but generally
results in more expensive airside equipment. On
the other hand, low chilled water temperature
allows a higher water temperature rise thorough
airside coils, less water is pumped and pump
horsepower and piping costs are reduced.
.‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ از اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬
‫ دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺳﺮد ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬.‫آﺳﺎﻳﺶ وﺟﻮد دارد‬
‫ اﻣﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي در‬،‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺑﺎﺻﺮﻓﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ از ﺳﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ دﻣﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬.‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﻮاي آن ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫آب ﺳﺮد ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﺎﻻرﻓﺘﻦ دﻣﺎي آب ﻛﻮﻳﻞﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض‬
‫ ﺗﻮان ﻣﺼﺮﻓﻲ و‬، ‫ﻫﻮا ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﭘﻤﭙﺎژ آب ﻛﻤﺘﺮي ﺷﺪه‬
.‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
9.2.2.2 Chilled water quantity and range
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار آب ﺳﺮد و داﻣﻨﻪ آن‬2-2-2-9
9.2.2.2.1 Refrigeration capacity and chilled water
range fix quantity of water to be circulated in
accordance with the equation:
Chilled Water M3 / hr =
GPM =
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻘﺪار داﻣﻨﻪ آب‬1-2-2-2-9
:‫ﺳﺮد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ذﻳﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
Kcal/hr(cooling effect)
1000  chill water range (C)
Btu hr (coolig effect)
500  chill water rang(F)
9.2.2.2.2 A system should be designed for
constant water flow through the cooler. Either
three way control valves or two way control
valves at the cooling coils with an automatically
controlled pump bypass shall be used.
‫ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ‬2-2-2-2-9
9.2.2.2.3 Careful consideration must be given in
selecting design ambient. For instance, air
temperature above a roof is frequently 3°C above
recorded design dry bulb temperatures.
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ‬3-2-2-2-9
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﻘﻒ ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻜﺮر‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل‬.‫ﺻﻮرت ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﻴﺶ از دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺛﺒﺖ‬3
.‫ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ‬.‫دﺑﻲ آب ﺳﺮد در دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺳﺮد ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻪ راﻫﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎي دو راﻫﻪ در ﺳﺮ‬
‫راه ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻛﻨﺎر ﮔﺬر ﭘﻤﭗ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬
.‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
42
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
9.2.2.2.4 The minimum outside air temperature at
which the system will be operated must also be
determined. Air cooled condensers used with
chillers must always be provided with discharge
damper head pressure control.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي‬4-2-2-2-9
‫ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ‬.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲروﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬،‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺸﺖ دﻣﭙﺮ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
9.2.2.3 Fouling factors
‫ ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب‬3-2-2-9
9.2.2.3.1 Rating tables shall include an allowance
for a 0.0005 fouling factor in the cooler and water
cooled condenser. The chilled water circuit is
closed and there should be no need to increase the
fouling factor for the cooler. However, if a 0.001
cooler fouling factor is desired, multiply
manufacturer’s table capacity by 0.97 and table
kilowatts by 1.03, or follow manufacturer’s
instructions.
‫ ﺟﺪاول داﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺠﺎز ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب‬1-3-2-2-9
.‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬0/0005
‫وﻗﺘﻲ ﻣﺪار ﺳﺮد ﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺧﻨﻚ‬
‫ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺧﻨﻚ‬0/001 ‫ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ اﮔﺮ‬،‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه زﻳﺎد ﺷﻮد‬
‫ در ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ از ﺟﺪول‬0/97 ‫ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻀﺮب ﻋﺪد‬،‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﺳﺖ‬
‫ در ﻛﻴﻠﻮوات از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬1/03 ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن و ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺿﺮب‬
.‫ﻳﺎ ﻃﺒﻖ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
9.2.2.3.2 When well or river water is used for the
‫ وﻗﺘﻲ آب ﭼﺎه ﻳﺎ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻣﻮرد‬2-3-2-2-9
condenser, a 0.001 condenser fouling factor may
‫ در‬.‫ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﺳﺖ‬0/001 ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب‬
‫اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻀﺮب ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن در ﻋﺪد‬
‫ در ﻛﻴﻠﻮوات از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻳﺎ ﻃﺒﻖ‬1/03 ‫ و ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻀﺮب‬0/97
.‫دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن اﻋﻤﺎل ﮔﺮدد‬
be desirable. In this case, multiply manufacturer’s
table capacity by 0.97 and table KW input by
1.03 or follow manufacturer’s instructions.
9.2.2.4 Interpolation
‫ ﻣﻴﺎن ﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬4-2-2-9
Manufacturers generally permit interpolation
within their published ratings but extrapolation is
not permitted.
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن اﺟﺎزه ﻣﻴﺎن ﻳﺎﺑﻲ را از ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات ﺧﻮد را‬
.‫ﻣﻲدﻫﻨﺪ وﻟﻲ ﺑﺮون ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻧﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ داﻣﻨﻪ آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬5-2-2-9
9.2.2.5 Condenser water range
A 5.5°C condenser water range is generally
considered as the best compromise between the
most economical cooling tower and chiller
selection. Exact flow rates for a temperature
range are given in manufacturer’s rating tables at
each selection point providing m3/hr (gpm) and
capacity multipliers for different ranges.
‫ درﺟﻪ‬5/5 ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً داﻣﻨﻪ دﻣﺎي آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان‬
‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺪدي ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ ﻧﺮخ ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻳﻚ‬.‫و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
‫داﻣﻨﻪ دﻣﺎ از ﺟﺪول ﻧﺮخﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ازاء ﻫﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ )ﮔﺎﻟﻦ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ( و ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ‬
9.2.2.6 Condenser temperature and head
pressure control
‫ دﻣﺎي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻓﺸﺎر‬6-2-2-9
9.2.2.6.1 Entering condenser water temperature is
fixed by climatic conditions or temperature of
available water sources. If a cooling tower is used
condenser water 4°C above ambient wet bulb is
obtainable. In many parts of the world where
design wet bulb is 25.5°C a properly sized tower
will provide 29.5°C condenser water.
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ورودي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ آب و‬1-6-2-2-9
.‫ داده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ‬.‫ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬،‫ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ دﻣﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮس‬
‫ درﺟﻪ‬4 ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد دﻣﺎي آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬
.‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب‬،‫در ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي دﻧﻴﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬،‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬25/5 ‫ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
.‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬29/5 ‫داراي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ دﻣﺎي آب‬
9.2.2.6.2 For proper operation of a water cooled
‫ ﻻزم‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬2-6-2-2-9
43
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
chiller it is necessary to maintain leaving condenser
water temperatures no lower than 30°C. This means
that condenser water range and entering water
temperature may require control at part load
conditions. Where condenser water is supplied from
a cooling tower, the most commonly used method of
control is to cycle the cooling tower fan when the
outside temperature is below design conditions in
order to maintain satisfactory entering water
temperature.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي آب ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه را ﻃﻮري ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ از‬
‫ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺪوده آب‬.‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻧﺸﻮد‬30
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه و دﻣﺎي آب ورودي ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺘﻲ‬
‫ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه از آب ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ‬.‫ﻧﻴﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺗﺮﻳﻦ روش ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬.‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫وﻗﺘﻲ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرج ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ در ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬
‫ﺑﺎدزن ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮي ﻣﻲ اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ دﻣﺎي آب ورودي‬
.‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﮔﺮدد‬
9.2.3 Selection procedures
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬3-2-9
9.2.3.1 Water cooled
‫ آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬1-3-2-9
9.2.3.1.1 Establish machine requirements as follows:
:‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت دﺳﺘﮕﺎه را ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮار ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬1-1-3-2-9
- Cooling capacity in KW (TR);
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻴﻠﻮوات )ﺗﻨﺎژ ﺑﺮودﺗﻲ(؛‬-
- Chilled water temperature leaving cooler;
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه؛‬-
- Chilled water range;
،‫ داﻣﻨﻪ آب ﺳﺮد‬-
- Chilled water pressure drop;
‫ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر آب ﺳﺮد؛‬-
- chilled water quantity;
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار آب ﺳﺮد؛‬-
- Cooler fouling factor;
‫ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه؛‬-
- Water temperature entering condenser;
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ورودي ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ؛‬-
- Water temperature leaving condenser;
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ؛‬-
- Condenser fouling factor;
‫ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ؛‬-
- Electrical characteristics.
.‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬-
9.2.3.1.2
Select
and
determine
manufacturer’s rating tables:
from
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ )ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت( از ﺟﺪاول ﻧﺮخ‬2-1-3-2-9
- Unit capacity, chilled water flow, brake
horse power;
:‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬
‫ ﺗﻮان واﻗﻌﻲ )ﺑﺮ‬،‫ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن آب ﺳﺮد‬،‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬‫ﺣﺴﺐ اﺳﺐ ﺑﺨﺎر(؛‬
- Cooler and condenser pressure drop.
. ‫ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬-
9.2.3.2 Air cooled
‫ ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬2-3-2-9
9.2.3.2.1 Establish machine requirements as
mentioned in Clause 9.2.3.1.1 including
maximum and minimum outside temperature at
which system will run.
‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ آﻧﭽﻪ در ﺑﻨﺪ‬1-2-3-2-9
‫ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻣﺎي‬،‫ ذﻛﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‬1-1-3-2-9
.‫ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرج در ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
9.2.3.2.2
Select
and
determine
from
manufacturer’s rating tables per Clause 9.2.3.1.2.
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ )ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت( از ﺟﺪاول ﻧﺮخ‬2-2-3-2-9
.‫ ذﻛﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ‬2-1-3-2-9 ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ آﻧﭽﻪ در ﺑﻨﺪ‬
9.3 Absorption Chiller Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬3-9
9.3.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-3-9
9.3.1.1 The absorption water chiller and the
‫ در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ و ﭼﻴﻠﺮ‬1-1-3-9
44
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
mechanical compressor water chiller accept heat
to evaporate a refrigerant at low pressure in the
evaporator, thereby creating cooling effect. They
condense the vaporous refrigerant at higher
temperature in the condenser.
‫ ﻣﺒﺮد در ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺷﺪه‬،‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮري ﺑــﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺣﺮارت‬
‫ در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ در‬.‫و ﺳﺮﻣﺎ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻴﮕﺮدد‬
.‫دﻣـﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺒﺮد ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻴﻌﺎن ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
9.3.1.2 The absorption and compression cycle
function similar, taking low pressure refrigerant
vapor from the evaporator and delivering high
pressure refrigerant vapor to the condenser is the only
difference being in the method of transporting the
vapor from the low to high pressure side.
‫ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر‬،‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺟﺬب و ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ‬2-1-3-9
9.3.1.3 In an absorption machine lithium bromide
(LiBr) salt solution is the agent and water acts as
refrigerant.
‫ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻧﻤﻚ ﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ ﺑﺮوﻣﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ در ﻳﻚ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬3-1-3-9
9.3.1.4 The two basic limitations in the
absorption chiller application is the temperature
limitation of leaving chilled water being above
4°C (40°F) and the critical balance of solution
concentration in the cycle.
.‫ دو ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ اﺳﺎﺳﻲ در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ اﺳﺖ‬4-1-3-9
9.3.1.5 The fouling factor requirements in the
evaporator and condenser shall be based on ARI
standard 560-2000.
‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب در ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬5-1-3-9
‫ﻣﺒﺮد در ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻣﺒﺮد ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
‫ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در روش اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬، ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ از ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺑﺨﺎر‬
.‫واﺳﻄﻪ و آب ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺒﺮد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬4 ‫ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ دﻣﺎي آب ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( اﺳﺖ و ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل در‬40)
.‫ﭼﺮﺧﻪ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ARI-560-2000 ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-3-9
9.3.2 Selection procedures
‫ ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺨﺎر و آب ﮔﺮم ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي‬1-2-3-9
9.3.2.1 Since each manufacturer have different
selection procedure for steam and hot water
absorption machines, hence selections shall be made
per steps outlined by individual manufacturers
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎبﻫﺎ‬.‫ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه داراي روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺢ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه دادهﻫﺎي ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬2-2-3-9
9.3.2.2 The following data shall be provided to
the manufacturer for proper unit selection
.‫ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
Air conditioning, Industrial process etc.
Number of units
UST or Kcal/ hr
°C
‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪاد دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎژ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮي در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬
°C
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬
°C
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬
°C or m3/hr
Kg/cm2 (PSIG)
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻳﺎ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
1. Job name/Location
2. Application
3. Quantity
6. Chilled water outlet temp.
7. Cooling water inlet temp.
‫ دﻣﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ آب ﺳﺮد‬-6
(‫ دﻣﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ آب ﺳﺮد ﻳﺎ ﻧﺮخ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن )دﺑﻲ‬-8
9. Heat source : Steam-pressure
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر‬:‫ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺮارت‬-9
Heat source : Steam-consumption
‫ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺨﺎر‬:‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺮارت‬
Heat source : Hot water-temperature
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﮔﺮم‬:‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺮارت‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬
‫ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ دﻣﺎي ورودي آب ﺳﺮد‬-5
‫ دﻣﺎي ورودي آب ﺑﺮج‬-7
(‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ )ﭘﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Electric or Pneumatic (Pressure)
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬-4
8. Cooling water outlet temp. or flow rate
(‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ )ﭘﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ اﻳﻨﭻ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﺎرﺳﻨﺞ‬
m3/hr
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار‬-3
4. Cooling capacity
5. Chilled water inlet temp.
Kg/hr (Lbs/hr)
°C
‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬/‫ ﻧﺎم ﭘﺮوژه‬-1
‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬-2
Heat source : Hot water-flow rate
(‫ آب ﮔﺮم ﻧﺮخ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن )دﺑﻲ‬:‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺣﺮارت‬
10. Operation of control valve
(‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺸﺮده )ﻓﺸﺎر‬
45
‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬-10
‫آذر ‪Nov. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-AR- 120(1‬‬
‫‪11. Electricity for controls/pump motors‬‬
‫‪ -11‬ﺑﺮق ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎ‪ /‬ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ‬
‫‪ -12‬ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ‬
‫‪ -13‬آراﻳﺶ ﻧﺎزلﻫﺎ‬
‫‪12. Installation location‬‬
‫‪13. Nozzle arrangement‬‬
‫‪14. Options or special features‬‬
‫‪Voltage, Hertz, Phase‬‬
‫وﻟﺘﺎژ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﺗﺰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎز‬
‫‪Indoor or outdoor‬‬
‫داﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎرج ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬
‫‪Size/ Class/ Rating‬‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‪ /‬رده‪ /‬درﺟﻪ‬
‫‪ -14‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻣﺨﺼﻮص اﺧﺘﻴﺎري‬
‫‪9.3.3 Application limitations‬‬
‫‪ 3-3-9‬ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫‪Design parameters for using absorption chillers‬‬
‫‪shall be based on following limitation.‬‬
‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬
‫)‪4.5°C (40°F‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
‫‪1) Min. leaving chilled water temperature‬‬
‫‪ 4/5‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )‪ 40‬درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫)‪34°C (93.2°F‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ دﻣﺎي آب ﺧﻨﻚ ورودي‬
‫‪2) Max. Entering cooling water temperature‬‬
‫‪ 34‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )‪ 93/2‬درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫‪1.5kg/cm2 G‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ورودي در ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر‬
‫‪ 1/5‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫‪0.4 kg/cm2 G‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ورودي در ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫‪4) Min. inlet steam pressure at the control valve‬‬
‫‪ 0/4‬ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫)‪170°C (338°F‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ورودي در ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫‪3) Max. Inlet steam pressure at the generator‬‬
‫‪5) Max. Inlet steam temperature at the control valve‬‬
‫‪ 170‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )‪ 338‬درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫)‪40°C (104°F‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ دﻣﺎي آب ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬
‫‪6) Max. Leaving condenser water temperature‬‬
‫‪ 40‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )‪ 104‬درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫‪Notes:‬‬
‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪1) Some manufacturers’ absorption machines‬‬
‫‪may be capable to operate without a cooling‬‬
‫‪tower bypass valve up to minimum 15°C‬‬
‫‪entering condenser water temperature.‬‬
‫‪ (1‬دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪون ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺎرﮔﺬر ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺎرﻛﺮد ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ‪ 15‬درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد دﻣﺎي آب ورودي ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺟﺬﺑﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪2) It is recommended that the chilled water‬‬
‫‪leaving temperature be limited between 6.7°C‬‬
‫)‪(44°F) to 7.8°C (46°F‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪6/7‬‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )‪ 44‬درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( ﺗﺎ ‪ 7/8‬درﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )‪ 46‬درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( ﻣﺤﺪود ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬
‫‪46‬‬
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
9.4 Centrifugal Chiller Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭼﻴﻠﺮ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬4-9
9.4.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-4-9
9.4.1.1 From a thermodynamic stand-point the
centrifugal refrigeration cycle is identical to the
vapor compression system operating with
reciprocating compressor with only difference in
means of compressing the refrigerant.
‫ از ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از‬1-1-4-9
9.4.1.2 The centrifugal machine is a variable
displacement with one or more impellers,
spinning in specifically formed housings that
impart centrifugal force to the gas. The velocity
energy resulting from this centrifugal force is
then converted to pressure.
‫ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﭘﺮواﻧﻪ‬2-1-4-9
9.4.1.3 They handle large volumes of refrigerant
gas and are commonly available in capacities
over 100 tons of refrigeration. Its compressor
uses treated halocarbons refrigerants with varying
physical properties.
‫ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ زﻳﺎدي از ﮔﺎز ﻣﺒﺮد را ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ و‬3-1-4-9
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮي ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر رﻓﺖ و‬
.‫ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ ﭘﻴﭽﺶ وﻳﮋه ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪﻫﺎي‬، ‫داراي ﻳﻚ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ در‬.‫ﺷﻜﻞ داده ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ را ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎز ﻣﻲرﺳﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ از اﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺮوي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
.‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﺗﻦ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬100 ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً داراي ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﺶ از‬
‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر آﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻫﺎﻟﻮﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺑﺎ‬
.‫ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
9.4.1.4 The fouling factor in the evaporator and
condenser shall be based on ARI Standard and
the performance in these machines shall be rated
in accordance to ARI 550/590 and service access
shall be per ASHRAE 15-2007, and NFPA 70
(NEC). The factory insulation on the evaporator
shell shall conform to UL standard 94
classifications 94 HBF.
‫ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب در ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬4-1-4-9
‫ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬ARI ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮاﺗﻲ آن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ARI 550/590 ‫درﺟﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬NFPA 70 (NEC) ‫ و‬ASHRAE 15-2007 ‫ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫ﻋﺎﻳﻘﻜﺎري ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻛﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬HBF- 94 ‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي‬UL-94
9.4.2 Selection procedures
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-4-9
a) Establish cooling capacity in kcal/hr and
chilled water range in cubic meters per hour to
be circulated in accordance with the following
equation. (The system shall be designed for
constant water flow through the cooler).
Chilled Water M3 / hr =
‫اﻟﻒ( در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮي در‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ و ﻧﺮخ آب ﺳﺮد در ﮔﺮدش ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ذﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫ )ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن آب‬.‫ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.(‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ درون ﺳﺮدﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
Kcal/hr(coolig capacity)
1000  chill water range(C)
or
GPM =
Btu hr (cooling effect)
500  chill water range(F)
b) Condenser water temperature entering
machine shall be determined. This is done by
site ambient temperature and available water
sources such as city, wells or rivers. When
using cooling tower, the entering condenser
water temperature shall be minimum 4°C
‫ب( دﻣﺎي آب ورودي ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬
‫ﮔﺮدد و اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬
.‫ ﭼﺎه ﻳﺎ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬،‫ آب ﺷﻬﺮي‬:‫از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ‬
‫ دﻣﺎي آب‬،‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
47
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
above ambient wet bulb temperature.
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﻴﺶ از‬4 ‫ورودي ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬
.‫دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
c) The condenser water range shall be
calculated according to equation mentioned in
item (a) above.
‫ج( ﻧﺮخ آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﻨﺪ‬
d) From manufacturer’s table determine
fouling factor allowance. Unless special
conditions exist a fouling factor of
0.001.ft2.hr.oF/Btu is adequate for both cooler
(being a closed circuit) and condenser when
city water is used.
‫د( ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب ﻣﺠﺎز از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
e) It is recommended that for every one point
increase in the fouling factor for the cooler,
the desired machine selection shall be based
on 1°C below actual (design) chilled water
temperature and for the condenser on 1.5°C
above actual design condenser water
temperature.
‫ﻫ( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ درﺟﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬
.‫اﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
0/001‫ﻣﮕﺮ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ وﻳﮋه ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ رﺳﻮب ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ در درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫ﻫﺮ دو ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺪار ﺑﺴﺘﻪ و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﻛﻪ در آن از آب‬
.‫ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ اﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺢ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ‬،‫رﺳﻮب در ﺳﺮد ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
(‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از دﻣﺎي واﻗﻌﻲ )ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ‬1 ‫اﺳﺎس‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬1/5 ‫آب ﺳﺮد ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬
.‫از دﻣﺎي واﻗﻌﻲ )ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ( آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
f) From manufacturer’s tables, select number
of condenser and cooler passes within the
calculated chilled (item a) and condenser (item
c) water range. Maximum number of passes
provide for greater efficiency.
‫و( ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﺬر آب ﺳﺮد )ﻗﻠﻢ اﻟﻒ( و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬
g) From manufacturer’s chart check the
pressure drop in the cooler and condenser
within velocity limitation in (m/s) tube
velocity.
‫ز( اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر در واﺣﺪ ﺳﺮد ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه در ﻣﺤﺪوده‬
h) Interpolation between chilled water
temperature, condenser water temperature and
chilled water range are generally permissible.
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه و‬،‫ح( ﻣﻴﺎن ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد‬
‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد‬.‫)ﻗﻠﻢ ج( از ﺟﺪاول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدد‬
.‫ﮔﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ )ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ( از ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬
.‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﺠﺎز ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪوده آب ﺳﺮد‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Experience has shown that a 5.5 to 6°C condenser
water range is generally recommended for
obtaining most economical cooling tower and
machine selection.
‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داده اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺤﺪوده آب ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه‬
‫ اﻗﺘﺼﺎديﺗﺮﻳﻦ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﺮج‬،‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬6 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬5/5 ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان‬
.‫ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان اﻧﺠﺎم داد‬
9.5 Air Handling Unit Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن‬5-9
9.5.1 The proper selection of an air handling unit
is conducted through the conditions entered in the
psychometric chart.
‫ ﺑﺎ وارد ﻧﻤﻮدن ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ در ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺳﺎﻳـﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﻲﺗﻮان‬1-5-9
9.5.2 For the selection of these units the air
volume, ambient conditions, inside design
conditions, total load and sensible cooling load
shall be available for coil selection. The sensible
load shall be divided by total load to obtain the
sensible heat factor.
‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب اﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮا‬2-5-9
.‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻲ در ﻣﻮرد ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم داد‬
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻛﻞ و ﺑﺎر ﻣﺤﺴﻮس ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬،‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ داﺧﻞ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آوردن‬.‫ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺣﺮارت ﻣﺤﺴﻮس ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺤﺴﻮس را ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر ﻛﻞ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬
.‫ﻛﺮد‬
48
‫)‪IPS-E-AR- 120(1‬‬
‫آذر ‪Nov. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫‪9.5.3 The following known data shall be‬‬
‫‪furnished to the manufacturer:‬‬
‫‪ 3-5-9‬دادهﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ذﻳﻞ را ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه‬
‫آﻣﺎده ﻛﺮد‪:‬‬
‫‪ (I‬ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد‪:‬‬
‫‪I) Operating conditions:‬‬
‫‪- Air inlet conditions:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي ورودي‪:‬‬
‫‪DB/WB‬‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ‪ /‬درﺟﻪ ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
‫‪- Air outlet conditions:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪DB/WB‬‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ‪ /‬درﺟﻪ ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪Chilled water entering temp.:‬‬
‫دﻣﺎي آب ﺳﺮد ورودي‪:‬‬
‫‪°C/°F‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‪ /‬ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
‫‪ (II‬اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪II) Capacity requirements:‬‬
‫)‪m3/hr(cfm‬‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﻫﻮاي ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ )ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ(‬
‫)ﻫﻮاي ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻫﻮاي ﺗﺎزه(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪- Total air volume‬‬
‫)‪(Circulated plus fresh air‬‬
‫‪- Fan total static pressure "WG‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﺘﻮن آب‬
‫)‪(MBH‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫‪- Cooling coil capacity Kw‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻴﻠﻮوات )ﻫﺰار ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ(‬
‫‪L/S‬‬
‫ دﺑﻲ آب ﺳﺮد‬‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ )ﮔﺎﻟﻦ آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻲ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫‪BHP‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ اﺳﺐ ﺑﺨﺎر ﺧﺎﻟﺺ‬
‫‪- Chilled water flow‬‬
‫)‪(USGPM‬‬
‫‪- Fan motor‬‬
‫‪ (III‬ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ )اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج از ﺛﺎﺑﺖﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا اﮔﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ از‬
‫‪III) Correction factors (Derivation of air‬‬
‫‪constants if other than sea level).‬‬
‫‪ 4-5-9‬دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮخﻫﺎي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه در‬
‫‪9.5.4 The air handling unit shall conform to‬‬
‫‪certified ratings of ARI Standard 430. The coils‬‬
‫‪used in conjunction with the air handling unit‬‬
‫‪shall be certified in accordance with ARI‬‬
‫‪Standard 410.‬‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(‪.‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ ARI-430‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻮﻳﻞﻫﺎي دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
‫ﻫﻮارﺳﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ‪ ARI-410‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪9.6 Fan Coil Selection‬‬
‫‪ 6-9‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫‪ 1-6-9‬ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮس ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز اﺗﺎق ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً‬
‫‪9.6.1 The required room sensible cooling capacity‬‬
‫;‪is usually the basis for selection of a fan coil unit‬‬
‫‪however total cooling capacity should be checked‬‬
‫‪to ensure that the selection will meet all‬‬
‫‪conditions of service.‬‬
‫‪ 2-6-9‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻲ‪ ،‬دﺳﺘﮕﺎه را ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎدزﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ‬
‫‪9.6.2 For cooling, the unit is usually selected at‬‬
‫‪fan high speed; however except for extreme‬‬
‫‪conditions a unit so selected shall meet room‬‬
‫‪conditions at normal or slow fan speed.‬‬
‫اﺳﺎس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺮاي‬
‫اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن از اﻳﻦ ﻛــﻪ ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه ﺟﻮاﺑﮕﻮي ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻞ را ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻤﻮد‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺣﺎد‪،‬‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ اﺗﺎق در ﺣﺎل‬
‫ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎدزن ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪49‬‬
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
9.6.3 The manufacturer’s cooling capacity tables
allow for interpolation between flow rates, water
temperatures and air temperatures, but
extrapolation is not recommended.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺟﺪاول ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻴﺎن ﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬3-6-9
‫ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮون‬.‫ دﻣﺎﻫﺎي آب و دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮا ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﺮخ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
.‫ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﺮدد‬
‫ ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮب ﻧﺮخ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از‬،‫ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﺪاول ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬4-6-9
9.6.4 From capacity tables, multiply the rating
obtained from high speed table by cooling
capacity multiplier to obtain ratings at other
speeds. Manufacturer’s tabulation also provides
fan capacity in cfm at various speeds and external
static pressure.
‫ﺟﺪول ﺳﺮﻋﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ در ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﻧﺮخ در‬
‫ ﺟﺪول ﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ‬.‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎدزن ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ در‬
.‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ و ﻓﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ اﺳﺖ‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
To prevent motor overload, a minimum static
pressure loss in filters, grilles, plenum etc. are
generally foreseen by the manufacturer.
‫ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬،‫ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﻮﺗﻮر‬
،‫ درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا و ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ دﻳﮕﺮ‬،‫اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ در ﺻﺎﻓﻲﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ اﺳﺖ‬
9.6.5 The data required for proper selection shall
be as follows:
‫ دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮار ذﻳﻞ‬5-6-9
:‫اﺳﺖ‬
- Entering air temperature;
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ورودي؛‬-
- Available water temperature;
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﻣﻮﺟﻮد؛‬-
- Sensible load;
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺤﺴﻮس؛‬-
- Total load;
‫ ﺑﺎر ﻛﻞ؛‬-
- Type of discharge and mountings.
.‫ ﻧﻮع ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ و ﻧﺼﺐ‬-
9.7 Air Induction Unit Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب واﺣﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬7-9
9.7.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-7-9
9.7.1.1 In an air induction terminal unit air and
water are two Medias used to handle the total air
conditioning job to be done.
‫ دو ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻮا و‬،‫ در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ از ﻧﻮع اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﻮا‬1-1-7-9
.‫آب در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻒ( ﻫﻮا‬
a) Air
.‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻛﻤﻲ از ﻫـﻮا ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‬
،‫ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻮاي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﺷﺪه‬،‫اﻳﻦ ﻫﻮا‬
‫ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎً ﺳﺒﺐ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ در‬،‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﮔﻴﺮي ﻳﺎ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زﻧﻲ ﺷﺪه‬
‫واﺣﺪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ اﺗﺎق ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
Only a relatively small volume of air is used.
This air, called Primary air, provides
ventilation, dehumidifying or humidifying
capacity, plus the motive power at the room
terminal unit for effective distribution in the
conditioned space.
‫ب( آب‬
b) Water
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن آب در ﻛﻮﻳﻞ واﺣﺪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ ﺣﺮارت ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺣﺮارت ﻧﺎﺷﻲ‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ دﻳﮕﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ را ﻧﻴﺰ‬،‫ ﭼﺮاغﻫﺎ‬،‫از اﻧﺴﺎن در ﻓﻀﺎ‬
.‫ﺟﺒﺮان ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
The water flowing through the terminal unit
coil does the sensible cooling job-that of
offsetting sun load, plus heat generated within
the space by people, lights, or other internal
sources.
50
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
9.7.1.2 Central apparatus
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‬
Centrally located equipment provides the airinduction units with air and water at the proper
conditions. Since air is distributed at relatively
high velocity, a minimum of space is required for
the duct distribution system.
2-1-7-9
‫ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺮﻛﺰي آب و ﻫﻮاي واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬،‫در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻛﻠﻲ‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻫﻮا ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً زﻳﺎد ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺷﺪه‬.‫را ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
.‫و ﻓﻀﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ‬
Notes:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري ﻫﺎ‬
1) Maintenance is centralized remotely from
the conditioned spaces since the air-induction
units contain no moving parts.
‫( از آﻧﺠﺎﺋﻴﻜﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﻮا ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻣﺘﺤﺮك‬1
2) For further information on induction units
and its capacity curve on cooling-heating
functional mode, reference is made to relevant
ASHRAE Application Guidebook.
‫( ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻮرد دﺳﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ و ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ‬2
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري در ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اي دور از ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬،‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬
. ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬- ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬،‫ ﺟﻠﺪ راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬ASHRAE
9.7.2 Selection procedure
The
following
recommended:
selection
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-7-9
procedure
is
:‫دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
1) System parameters shall be established as
follows:
:‫( ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮار زﻳﺮ داﻳﺮ ﺷﻮد‬1
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي‬
a) Application.
.‫ب ( ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
b) Total cooling load.
.‫ج ( اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ‬
c) Ventilation requirement.
d) Maximum nozzle pressure.
.‫د ( ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺎزل‬
e) Room temperature.
.‫ﻫ( دﻣﺎي اﺗﺎق‬
f) Primary air temperature.
.‫و ( دﻣﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
g) Entering water temperature-cooling.
.‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬- ‫ز ( دﻣﺎي آب ورودي‬
h) Entering water temperature-heating.
.‫ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬- ‫ح ( دﻣﺎي آب ورودي‬
i) GPM.
.‫ط ( ﮔﺎﻟﻦ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
2) For cooling selection
‫( ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬2
a) Calculate the primary air cooling capacity.
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
b) Required cooling capacity of the coil (by
subtracting the primary air cooling capacity
from the total cooling load).
‫ب( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻛﻮﻳﻞ )ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬
.(‫ﻫﻮاي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ از ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
c) Capacity curve between entering air and
entering water.
.‫ج ( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻮاي ورودي و آب ورودي‬
51
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
d) Select the smallest unit (normally with a
1-row coil) which will meet the requirement
of capacity, nozzle pressure and noise level.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
(‫ ردﻳﻒ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬1 ‫د( اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه )ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﺎ‬
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺎزل و ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪا‬، ‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
e) Determine the secondary water pressure
drop.
.‫ﻫ( ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺛﺎﻧﻮي آب‬
3) For heating selection Proceed with the
above procedure and calculate heating
capacity by multiplying the cooling curve
capacity by the rates of delta T (heating between entering air and entering water which
is generally maintained at 13.9°C (25°F) delta
T).
‫ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬،‫( ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬3
‫ﻓﻮق و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺑﺎر ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻀﺮب ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
‫ ﺑﻴﻦ‬- ‫( )ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬Δt) ‫ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ در ﻣﺤﺪوده اﺧﺘﻼف دﻣﺎ‬
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬13/9 ً‫ﻫﻮاي ورودي و آب ورودي ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ‬
.(‫ ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬Δt (‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬25)
4) For gravity heating
‫( ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺛﻘﻠﻲ‬4
Adjust the hot water temperature during
unoccupied periods of space.
‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬،‫دﻣﺎي آب ﮔﺮم را ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻀﺎ اﺷﻐﺎل ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Reference is made to individual manufacturer’s
capacity curves for proper selection procedure.
‫ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬
.‫ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬
9.8 Cooling Tower Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬8-9
9.8.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-8-9
Psychrometry is a subject relating to the
measurement of atmospheric conditions, and in
particular, the moisture content of air. Since most
of the heat lost by the water in a cooling tower is
absorbed by direct contact with ambient
atmospheric
air,
some
knowledge
of
psychrometry and thermodynamic is desirable.
‫ ﻣﺒﺤﺜﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺟﻮي ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻳﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮي‬
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ‬.‫ﺧﺼﻮص رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻫﻮا ﻣﻲﭘﺮدازد‬
‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﺗﻼف ﺣﺮارت ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ آب در ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ داﻧﺴﺘﻨﻴﻬﺎي‬.‫ﺗﻤﺎس ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮاي ﺟﻮ ﺟﺬب ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﺳﺎﻳﻜﺮوﻣﺘﺮي و ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺟﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
9.8.2 Selection procedures
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-8-9
The data required for the cooling tower selection
shall be as follows:
:‫ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺑﺮج ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه دادهﻫﺎي ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز اﺳﺖ‬
52
‫آذر ‪Nov. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-AR- 120(1‬‬
‫)‪°C (°F‬‬
‫)‪(W.B.T‬‬
‫‪a) Ambient wet-bulb temperature‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ( دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬
‫)‪(LPM‬‬
‫‪b) Circulating water flow rate‬‬
‫ب ( دﺑﻲ آب در ﮔﺮدش‬
‫)‪(C.W.T‬‬
‫‪c) Outlet water temperature‬‬
‫ج ( دﻣﺎي آب ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
‫)‪(H.W.T‬‬
‫‪d) Inlet water temperature‬‬
‫د ( دﻣﺎي آب ورودي‬
‫)‪(Q‬‬
‫)‪e) Heat rejection load (capacity‬‬
‫ﻫـ( ﺑﺎر دﻓﻊ ﺣﺮارت )ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ(‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫)‪(GPM‬‬
‫)ﻟﻴﺘﺮ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ(‬
‫ﮔﺎﻟﻦ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
‫)‪°C (°F‬‬
‫درﺟﻪ آب ﺳﺮد‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫)‪°C (°F‬‬
‫درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد )درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ(‬
‫درﺟﻪ آب ﮔﺮم‬
‫)‪kcal/hr (BTU/hr‬‬
‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻛﺎﻟﺮي در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ )ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ(‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎ‬
‫‪f) Noise allowance‬‬
‫)‪dB (A‬‬
‫دﺳﻲ ﺑﻞ )‪(A‬‬
‫و ( ﻣﻴﺰان ﺳﺮ و ﺻﺪاي ﻣﺠﺎز‬
‫‪cycle , voltage , phase‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﻜﻞ ‪ ،‬وﻟﺘﺎژ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎز‬
‫‪g) Electrical characteristics‬‬
‫ز ( ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
‫‪h) Location‬‬
‫ح ( ﻣﺤﻞ‬
‫‪i) Water quality‬‬
‫ط ( ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ آب‬
‫‪9.9 Pump Selection‬‬
‫‪ 9-9‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭘﻤﭗ‬
‫‪9.9.1 Types‬‬
‫‪ 1-9-9‬اﻧﻮاع‬
‫‪Common types of centrifugal pumps used in the‬‬
‫‪HVAC&R industry are:‬‬
‫اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ ار ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻪ در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪a) Close coupled end suction pumps.‬‬
‫اﻟﻒ( ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﻔﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‬
‫)ﻛﺎﭘﻠﻴﻨﮓ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫‪b) Base mounted end suction pump with‬‬
‫‪flexible coupling.‬‬
‫ب( ﭘﻤﭙﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ آن داراي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ و‬
‫ﻛﺎﭘﻠﻴﻨﮓ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻧﻌﻄﺎف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪c) In-line pumps or circulators.‬‬
‫ج( ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺮدﺷﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪d) Vertical or horizontal split case single or‬‬
‫‪multi - stage.‬‬
‫د( ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ دو ﺗﻴﻜﻪ ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻳﺎ اﻓﻘﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ ‪e) Vertical or horizontal single or double‬‬‫‪stage turbine pumps.‬‬
‫ﻫ( ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻳﺎ اﻓﻘﻲ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ دو ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي‪.‬‬
‫‪53‬‬
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Notes:
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
:‫ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ‬
1) All centrifugal pumps shall be with volute
casing.
‫( ﺗﻤﺎم ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎي ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺣﻠﺰوﻧﻲ‬1
2) The number of impellers indicates the stage
characteristic of a pump.
‫( ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﺮواﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻤﭗ‬2
3) For construction description of pumps
reference is made to IPS-M-AR-225.
‫( ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﭘﻤﭗﻫــﺎ ﺑــﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬3
.‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬IPS-M-AR -225
9.9.2 Selection procedures
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-9-9
9.9.2.1 For proper selection of pumps the
following information shall be required:
‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻮرد‬1-2-9-9
:‫ﻧﻴﺎز اﺳﺖ‬
- Maximum flow in system.
.‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬-
- System head at maximum flow.
.‫ ارﺗﻔﺎع )ﻓﺸﺎر( ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ در ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬-
- System operating pressures and
temperatures.
.‫ ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎ و دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬-
- Pump environmental conditions including
ambient temperature.
.‫ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬-
- Electrical current characteristic and RPM.
.‫ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﺮق و دور در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬-
- Electrical service starting limitations.
.‫ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ﺷﺮوع ﻛﺎر از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮق‬-
- Special electrical control.
.‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮق وﻳﮋه‬-
- Location
‫ ﻣﺤﻞ‬-
- Water quality.
‫ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ آب‬-
9.9.2.2 Pumps shall be selected from
manufacturer’s performance curves on 50 Hz
operation. The prime objective in the selection
approach shall be efficiency, quiet operation,
lowest initial and operating costs and close
conformance to actual needs.
‫ ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن در‬2-2-9-9
،‫ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﺻﻠﻲ در اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭘﻤﭗ‬.‫ ﻫﺮﺗﺰ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬50
‫ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ و ﺑﻬﺮه‬،‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد آرام‬،‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن‬
.‫ﺑﺮداري و ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﺎز واﻗﻌﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
9.9.2.3 The selection of pumps shall take into
consideration the changes of flow in the system
and the point of operation of a pump on its headcapacity curve.
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﭘﻤﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات در‬3-2-9-9
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ و ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻳﻚ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻤﻮدار ارﺗﻔﺎع‬
. ‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ آن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬-
9.10 Cooling Coil Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬10-9
9.10.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-10-9
9.10.1.1 Coil circuiting is based on air and water
counter flow where water enters on the leaving
air side and leaves on the entering air side. These
must be properly installed in order that ratings are
met.
‫ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻴﺰان ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮا و آب‬1-1-10-9
.‫ آب در ﺳﻤﺘﻲ وارد ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻫﻮا از آن ﺧﺎرج ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬.‫اﺳﺖ‬
.‫و ﺳﻤﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺎرج ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ آن وارد ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
54
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
9.10.1.2 Coil circuiting should be selected to
produce a water velocity as high as permitted by
pressure drop limitations. A pressure drop of 6 to
10 meters of water is generally not considered
excessive.
‫ ﻣﺪار ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ‬2-1-10-9
9.10.1.3 Entering water temperatures should be at
least 3 to 4°C below leaving air dry bulb. In order
to keep required system GPM to a minimum, it
may be desirable to design for a water rise
through a coil in excess of 6°C. Water
temperature rise can be varied from one coil bank
to another within a system for best overall
performance.
‫ درﺟﻪ‬4 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬3 ‫ دﻣﺎﻫﺎي آب ورودي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬3-1-10-9
‫ اﻣﻜﺎن ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺠﺎز را‬،‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ آب ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻣﻘﺪار زﻳﺎدي‬10 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬6 ‫ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر‬.‫داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از درﺟﻪ ﻫﻮاي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫( اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻣﺎي‬GPM) ‫ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﺪن دﺑﻲ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن‬
‫ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ‬.‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬6 ‫آب ﺗﺎ‬
،‫دﻣﺎي آب در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪاي ﻛﻪ روي ﻫﻢ رﻓﺘﻪ داراي ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‬،‫از ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮده ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ دﻳﮕﺮ‬
9.10.1.4 Normal air face velocities used are
between 2 to 3 m/s (400 and 600 ft/s). Moisture
carry over depends upon three factors-fin spacing,
face velocity, and the degree of condensation.
Since the degree of condensation varies with
entering air conditions, it is advisable to select a
conservative face velocity so that carryover does
not become a problem regardless of entering air
conditions.
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ‬3 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬2 ‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻫﻮا در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻴﻦ‬4-1-10-9
‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﮔﻴﺮي‬.‫ ﻓﻮت در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬600 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬400) ‫در ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ در ﺳﻄﺢ و‬،‫ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﭘﺮهﻫﺎ‬،‫ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دارد‬
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي‬.‫ﻣﻴﺰان ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬
‫ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬،‫ورودي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي ورودي‬.‫ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻃﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﺑﺮاي رﻃﻮﺑﺖ زداﻳﻲ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻲ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻧﻨﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
9.10.2 Selection procedures
‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-10-9
9.10.2.1 To select a coil, the following
information must be determined from system
requirements:
‫ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻳﻚ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬1-2-10-9
:‫ﺷﺮح ذﻳﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدد‬
a) Air quantity to be cooled.
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺳﺮد ﺷﻮد‬
b) Entering air wet bulb and dry bulb
temperature.
‫ب( دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب و دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻫﻮاي‬
c) Total cooling load to be handled by the
coil.
.‫ج( ﺑﺎر ﻛﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻛﻪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
.‫ورودي‬
d) Entering water temperature.
.‫د( دﻣﺎي آب ورودي‬
e) Water temperature range (outlet minus
inlet).
.(‫ﻫ( داﻣﻨﻪ دﻣﺎي آب )ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎي ورودي‬
f) Maximum allowable face velocity across
coil in m/s (FPM).
‫و( ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺠﺎز روي ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﺮ در‬
.(‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ )ﻓﻮت در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
g) Coil pressure loss
.‫ز( اﺗﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬
h) Water flow rate
.‫ح( دﺑﻲ آب‬
55
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
9.10.2.2 Select coil size from manufacturer’s
table by determining approximate face area
required and space limitations.
‫ ﺑــﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴـﺎز ﻛﻮﻳﻞ و‬2-2-10-9
9.10.2.3 Calculate required Kw (MBH) per
square meter (square feet) of face area.
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻴﻠﻮ وات )ﻫﺰار ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ( ﺑﺮ‬3-2-10-9
9.10.2.4 Calculate water flow rate and determine
sensible heat capacity of coil, air resistance
through coil and water pressure drop.
‫ ﻣﻘﺪار دﺑﻲ آب و ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺣﺮارت ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬4-2-10-9
‫ اﻧﺪازه ﻛﻮﻳﻞ از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﻀﺎي آن‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ )ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ را ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬
.‫ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﻮا در ﻛﻮﻳﻞ و اﺗﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر آب را ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬،‫ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬
9.11 Heating Coil Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬11-9
9.11.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-11-9
9.11.1.1 Like the cooling coil, heating coils are
based on air and water counter flow. Therefore
these must be properly installed in order for the
ratings to be met.
‫ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬1-1-11-9
9.11.1.2 Coil circuiting should be selected to
produce a water velocity as high as permitted by
system pressure drop limitations.
‫ ﻣﺪار ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺳﺮﻋﺖ آب ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺠﺎز‬2-1-11-9
9.11.1.3 Water temperature should be as high as
practical to permit a greater water temperature
drop and reduced water flow. While a 20°F drop
is often used a 40°F drop will have gpm with
negligible effect on coil surface. Sometimes water
temperature is a function of the outdoor
temperature and is changed by the control system
as outdoor temperature varies.
‫ دﻣﺎي آب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻋﻤﻼً ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازهاي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻓﺖ‬3-1-11-9
9.11.1.4 Recommended face velocities are
between 3.5 to 4.5 m/s (700 to 900 fpm). Higher
velocities may be used keeping in mind airside
static pressure drop limitation.
‫ ﻣﺘﺮ در‬4/5 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬3/5 ‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖﻫﺎي روي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ‬4-1-11-9
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر‬.‫ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻫﻮا و آب ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻫﻤﺨﻮاﻧﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫آن و ﺑﺎ رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد‬
‫ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ‬.‫دﻣﺎي آب ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻛﻤﺘﺮ را ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮد‬
،‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد‬20 ‫ﻳﻚ اﻓﺖ‬
‫ اﺛﺮ ﺟﺰﻳﻲ‬،‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﮔﺎﻟﻦ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬40 ‫اﻓﺖ‬
‫ ﮔﺎﻫﻲ دﻣﺎي آب ﺗﺎﺑﻊ دﻣﺎي ﺧﺎرج‬.‫روي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ‬
‫اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات دﻣﺎي ﺧﺎرج ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
.‫ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺳﺮﻋﺖﻫﺎي‬.‫ ﻓﻮت در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬900 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬700) ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
، ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر اﺳﺘﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻫﻮا‬
. ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد‬
9.11.2 Selection procedures: (hot water)
(‫ )آب ﮔﺮم‬:‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-11-9
9.11.2.1 To select hot water heating coil, the
following information must be determined from
system requirements:
‫ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬،‫ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ آب ﮔﺮم‬1-2-11-9
:‫ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﮔﺮدد‬
a) Quantity of standard air to be heated.
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮاي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﮔﺮم ﺷﻮد‬
b) Entering air db temperature.
.‫ب( دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻫﻮاي ورودي‬
c) Leaving air db temperature.
.‫ج( دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
d) Entering water temperature.
.‫د( دﻣﺎي آب ورودي‬
e) Water temperature range or drop.
.‫ﻫ( داﻣﻨﻪ دﻣﺎي آب ﻳﺎ اﻓﺖ آن‬
56
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
f) Desired coil face velocity in m/s ( fpm).
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫و( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ روي ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬
.(‫)ﻓﻮت ﺑﺮ دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
g) Heating load
.‫ز( ﺑﺎر ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬
h) Dimension limitation
.‫ح( ﺣﺪود اﺑﻌﺎد‬
9.11.2.2 Clauses 9.10.2.2 through 9.10.2.4 shall
apply.
‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رود‬4-2-10-9 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬2-2-10-9 ‫ ﺑﻨﺪ‬2-2-11-9
9.11.2.3 Determine total water pressure drop by
adding water pressure drop through tubes from
manufacturer’s table. Apply correction factors
where required.
‫ اﻓﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر آب را ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر آب در‬3-2-11-9
‫ در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻻزم‬.‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎ از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺒﺮﻳﺪ‬
9.11.3 Selection procedures: (steam)
(‫ )ﺑﺨﺎر آب‬:‫ دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬3-11-9
a) To select a steam coil, the steam pressure,
entering air temperature, face velocity and
required minimum leaving air temperature
must be known. If heat load is given instead of
leaving air temperature, use the following
relationship:
Quantity of air =
،‫ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ورودي‬،‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ روي ﺳﻄﺢ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز‬
‫ اﮔﺮ ﺑﺎر ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي‬.‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ راﺑﻄﻪ ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬،‫ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ داده ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
:‫ﻗﺮارﮔﻴﺮد‬
Heating load
‫ﺑﺎر ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬
‫ــــــــــــــــــ = ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮا‬
1/08 × ‫داﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات دﻣﺎ‬
1.08  Temperature range
b) Obtain adjusted air temperature rise for
actual steam pressure and entering air
conditions:
‫ب( اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر واﻗﻌﻲ و‬
: ‫ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي ورودي را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت زﻳﺮ دﺳﺖ آورﻳﺪ‬
Adjusted temperature rise (TR)
Specified TR
=
Factor from chart
‫ﺗﻨﺎژ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه‬
‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ = ﻣﻘﺪار ﻫﻮا‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ از ﻧﻤﻮدار‬
c) Pick coil fin spacing from manufacturer’s
chart.
.‫ج( ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﭘﺮه ﻛﻮﻳﻞ از ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه‬
d) The amount of liquid that flashes to steam
can be calculated as follows:
‫د( ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺨﺎر از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل زﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
% FlashSteam 
100h f 1  h f 2 
h fg 2
:‫ﻛﻪ در آن‬
Where:
P1 ‫اﻧﺘﺎﻟﭙﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻓﺸﺎر‬
P2 ‫اﻧﺘﺎﻟﭙﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻓﺸﺎر‬
P2 ‫ﺣﺮارت ﻧﻬﺎن ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ در ﻓﺸﺎر‬
hf1= enthalpy of liquid at pressure p1
hf2 = enthalpy of liquid at pressure p1
hfg2= latent heat of vaporization at pressure p
57
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
e) Find air resistance from manufacturer’s table.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
.‫ﻫ( ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﻮا را از ﺟﺪول ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻴﺪ‬
9.11.4 Altitude corrections for coils
‫ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ارﺗﻔﺎع از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮﻳﻞﻫﺎ‬4-11-9
9.11.4.1 Manufacturer’s data and calculations are
based on standard air that is 1.2 kg / m3 at 21°C
(0.075 lbs per cubic feet at 70°F). Conditions
other than those for standard air will give
incorrect results unless proper corrections are
made.
‫ دادهﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻫﻮاي‬1-4-11-9
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد‬21 ‫ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در‬1/2 ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﻪ‬
.‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬70 ‫ ﭘﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ در‬0/075)
‫در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻫﻮاي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪاي ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ‬
.‫ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ درﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﻮد‬،‫داد‬
9.11.4.2 Normally it is not considered necessary
to correct conditions for altitudes under 606
meters (2000 feet). Refer to manufacturer’s
altitude and temperature correction chart to obtain
actual coil capacity at altitude conditions.
‫ ﻓﻮت( از‬2000) ‫ ﻣﺘﺮ‬606 ‫ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬2-4-11-9
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آوردن ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬.‫ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﻴﺎز ﻧﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫واﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ارﺗﻔﺎع از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬
.‫ارﺗﻔﺎع از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ و دﻣﺎ را از ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آورد‬
9.12 Condensing Unit Selection
‫ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬12-9
Following information shall be provided to the
manufacturer for proper unit selection:
‫ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ذﻳﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺢ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
:‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد‬
- Total cooling load;
‫ ﻛﻞ ﺑﺎر ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ؛‬-
- Outside ambient temperature;
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺧﺎرج؛‬-
- Required heat rejection capacity;
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ دﻓﻊ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز؛‬-
- Condensing temperature;
‫ دﻣﺎي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ؛‬-
- Type of compressor and refrigerant gas;
‫ ﻧﻮع ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر و ﮔﺎز ﻣﺒﺮد؛‬-
- Required suction temperature;
‫ دﻣﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز؛‬-
- Coil air resistance;
‫ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻫﻮاي ﻛﻮﻳﻞ؛‬-
- Corrosive atmosphere.
.‫ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه‬-
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
Refer to manufacturer’s selection tables and
interpolate whenever necessary. Extrapolations
are not recommended.
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪاول اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه و در ﺻﻮرت ﻟﺰوم‬
.‫ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي روش ﺑﺮون ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﺮدد‬.‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻴﺎن ﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬
10. REFRIGERANTS
‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ‬-10
10.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-10
10.1.1 Since the status of present refrigerant gas
‫ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺒﺮد ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ‬1-1-10
represent an industry in transition responding to
‫ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ و‬،‫ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ در ﺟﻮاﺑﮕﻮﻳﻲ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺮوﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
external forces, product and market categories are
،‫ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻨﺪي ﺗﺠﺎري ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺴﺘﺮدﮔﻲ ﻓﻦآوري اﺳﺖ‬
being identified and their technical option
outlined, it is imperative that design engineers be
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات را ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬،‫ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﻃﺮاح‬
introduced to these changes. Also the future
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن و ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ آﻳﻨﺪه ﻧﮕﺮي در ﻣﻮرد‬.‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
58
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
prospect represents promising new materials
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ﻛﺎﻻﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ در اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر و ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ‬
which can assist the design engineer in the
.‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس ﻃﺮاح ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
selection of suitable compressor and chillers.
10.1.2 In order to make the right choice when
making a selection on ideal refrigerant, it is
recommended that the performance ratings of
each refrigerant should be compared as indicated
in Table 3.
‫ وﻗﺘﻲ ﻫﺪف اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺒﺮد اﻳﺪه آل اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬2-1-10
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺒﺮد ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺒﺮد ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در‬
.‫ را ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬3 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
59
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
TABLE 3 – COMPARATIVE REFRIGERANT PERFORMANCE RATINGS (a)
(‫)اﻟﻒ‬
‫ ﻧﺮخ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ اي ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﻣﺒﺮد ﻫﺎ‬-3 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
Evaporator
Pressure
Refrigerant
a
At 5 ْ F
‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
(-14.9ْ C)
Psig (KPag)
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
Condensing
Pressure a
At 86 ْ F
(29.7ْ C)
Psig (KPag)
Ratio Of
Compression
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬
24.0*
3.6
Trichloromonofluor
omethane
(610)**
(24.8)
Refrigerant 12
11.8
93.3
Dichlorodifluoromet
hane
(81.4)
(643)
Refrigerant 22
28.3
159.8
Monochlorodifluoromethane
(195)
(1102)
Refrigerant 113
27.9*
13.9*
Trichlorodifluoromethane
(709)**
(353)**
Refrigerant 114
16.1*
22.0
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(409)**
(152)
Refrigerant 1142
15.6*
22.7
Dichlorodifluoromet
hane
(396)
(156)
Refrigerant 500
16.4
113.4
Asotropic of
Dichloro-
(113)
(782)
Refrigerant 717
19.6
154.5
Ammonia
(135)
(1065)
Refrigerant
Liquid
Circulated
Per Ton
(per KW)
Circulated
Per Ton (per
KW)
Lb/min (g/s)
In3/min (ml/s)
‫ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ‬
‫اﺛﺮ ﺧﺎﻟﺺ‬
‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬
Refrigerant 11
Net
Refriger
ating
Effect
Btu/lb
(kj/kg)
‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
6.24
‫ﻣﺒﺮد ﮔﺮدﺷﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﮔﺮدﺷﻲ‬
‫در ﺗﻦ‬
‫در ﺗﻦ‬
Specific
Volume of
Vapor 5 ْF
(-14.9ْ C)
Ft3/lb
(L/g)
Compressor
Displacement
Per Ton
(per KW)
Cfm (L/s)
‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺼﻮص‬
‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬
‫ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ‬
Horse power
Per Ton
(KW Per
KW)
hp/ Ton
(KW/KW)
Coefficie
nt of
Performa
nce
Temperature
Of
Compressor
Discharge
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ‬
ْ F(ْ C)
‫اﺳﺐ ﺑﺨﺎر در‬
‫دﻣﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر‬
67.5
2.96
56.0
12.27
36.32
0.935
(157)
(6.36)
(4.35)
(0.766)
(0.871)
(0.198)
50.0
4.00
85.6
1.46
5.83
1.002
(116)
(8.60)
(6.64)
(0.091)
(0.782)
(0.212)
69.3
289
68.0
1.25
3.60
1.011
(161)
(6.21)
(5.78)
(0.078)
(0.483)
(0.214)
5.04
112
(44.0)
‫ ﺗﺮي ﻛﻠﺮو‬11 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ﻣﻨﻮﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرو ﻣﺘﺎن‬
4.08
4.74
101
(38.0)
‫ دي ﻛﻠﺮودي‬12 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرو ﻣﺘﺎن‬
4.06
4.64
131
(54.5)
‫ ﻣﻨﻮﻛﻠﺮو دي‬22 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرو ﻣﺘﺎن‬
8.02
53.7
3.73
66.5
27.04
100.76
0.960
(125)
(8.02)
(5.16)
(1.68)
(13.512)
(0.204)
43.1
4.46
89.2
4.22
19.59
1.015
(100)
(9.98)
(6.92)
(0.263)
(2.627)
(0.215)
43.0
4.65
88.7
4.04
18.78
1.025
(100)
(10.0)
(6.88)
(0.252)
(2.518)
(0.217)
61.2
3.27
79.3
1.52
4.97
1.011
(143)
(7.03)
(6.15)
(0.094)
(0.666)
(0.214)
474.4
0.422
19.6
8.15
3.44
0.989
(1105)
(0.907)
(152)
(0.508)
(0.461)
(0.210)
4.92
86
(29.7)
‫ ﺗﺮي ﻛﻠﺮو دي‬113 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرو ﻣﺘﺎن‬
5.42
4.64
86
(30.8)
‫ دي ﻛﻠﺮو دي‬114 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮر ﻣﺘﺎن‬
5.33
4.64
88
(30.8)
‫ دي ﻛﻠﺮو دي‬1142 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮر ﻣﺘﺎن‬
4.12
4.66
105
(40.2)
defluoromethane
‫ آزوﺗﺮاﭘﻴﻚ‬500 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
‫دي ﻛﻠﺮو دي ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرو‬
‫ﻣﺘﺎن‬
4.94
‫ آﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎك‬717 ‫ﻣﺒﺮد‬
60
4.76
210
(97.9)
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
*
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
.‫* اﻳﻨﭻ ﺟﻴﻮه زﻳﺮ ﻳﻚ آﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ‬
Inches of mercury below one atmosphere.
one
.‫** ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺟﻴﻮه زﻳﺮ ﻳﻚ آﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ‬
(a) Calculated values based on 5°F (-15°C)
evaporation and 30°C (86°F) condensing
temperature.
‫ درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬5 ‫)اﻟﻒ( ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎي‬
‫ درﺟﻪ‬86 ‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد( ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎي ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ و‬-15)
‫ درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد( ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎي ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬30) ‫ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ‬
. ‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
**
Millimeters
Atmosphere.
of
Mercury
below
10.2 Properties
‫ ﺧﻮاص‬2-10
The requirements for desirable properties of a
good refrigerant shall be:
:‫اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮاص ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻳﻚ ﻣﺒﺮد ﺧﻮب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
a) Low boiling point.
.‫اﻟﻒ( ﻧﻘﻂ ﺟﻮش ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬
.‫ب( اﻳﻤﻦ – ﻏﻴﺮﺳﻤﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬
b) Safe, non-toxic and non-flammable.
c) Easy to liquefy at moderate pressure and
temperature.
.‫ج( در ﻓﺸﺎر و دﻣﺎي ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﺑﻪ آﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺷﺪن‬
d) High latent heat value.
.‫د( ارزش ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺮارت ﻧﻬﺎن‬
e) Operate on a positive pressure and stable
inside a system.
.‫ﻫ( ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد در ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﺛﺒﺎت داﺧﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
f) Have no effect on moisture and ozone.
.‫و( ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ اﺛﺮ روي رﻃﻮﺑﺖ و اُزون‬
g) Mix well and be compatible with oil and
lubricants.
.‫ز( ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺷﺪن و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻧﻔﺖ و روﻏﻦﻫﺎ‬
h) Non-corrosive to metal and environmentally
benign even with respect to decomposition
products.
‫ح( اﺛﺮ ﺧﻮرﻧﺪﮔﻲ روي ﻓﻠﺰ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ آن روي‬
i)
Abundantly available and easy
manufacture, handle and detect.
.‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﺛﺮ ﺳﻮء ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
to
‫ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ و‬،‫ط ( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻓﺮاوان ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﻮد و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬
.‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ آن آﺳﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
10.3 Safety Group Classification
‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮوه اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬3-10
10.3.1 ASHRAE Standard 34-2007 defines
Safety Group Classifications for refrigerants
according to their toxicity and flammability.
Toxicity classifications are based on the
Threshold Limit Value and Time Weighted
Average (TLV-TWA) established for each
refrigerant. (Safety is defined as being free from
harm or the risk of injury or loss).
‫ در ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي‬ASHRAE 34-2007 ‫ ﻃﺒﻖ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬1-3-10
‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ را ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن و ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﺑﻮدن‬،‫ﮔﺮوه اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻴﺰان در‬.‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫( ﺑﺮاي‬TLV-TWA) ‫آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺪوده و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﺎري‬
‫ )اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ دور ﺑﻮدن از ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮات ﻳﺎ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬.‫ﻫﺮ ﻣﺒﺮد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.(‫ﺧﻄﺮ ﺟﺮاﺣﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻠﻔﺎت‬
10.3.2 The designations for toxicity and
flammability defined in six possible combination
are shown in the matrix (something within which
something else originates or develops) as
indicated in Table 4.
‫ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻤﻲ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮاي‬2-3-10
‫ﺷﺶ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ )ﭼﻴﺰي ﻛﻪ درون آن ﭼﻴﺰي ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد‬
.‫ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬4 ‫آﻳﺪ و ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ(در ﺟﺪول‬
61
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
TABLE 4 - ASHRAE STANDARD 34-2007 REFRIGERANT SAFETY CLASSIFICATIONS
Higher Flammability
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬
Lower Flammability
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ‬
No Flame Propagation
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل ﺑﺪون اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﺷﻌﻠﻪ‬
Increasing Flammability
‫اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺷﺘﻌﺎل‬
‫ ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ‬ASHRAE 34-2007 ‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬-4 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
Group A3
A3 ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
Group A2
A2 ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
Group A1
A1 ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
Group B3
B3 ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
Group B2
B2 ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
Group B1
B1 ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
Increasing toxicity
‫اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن‬
‫ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ‬Lower Toxicity
Higher Toxicity ‫ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬
‫ و ﺑﺮ‬B ‫ و‬A ‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻳﻜﻲ از دو ﻛﻼس‬3-3-10
10.3.3 Refrigerants are assigned to one of the two
classes "A" or "B" and are based on the following
criteria:
:‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ذﻳﻞ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
A ‫اﻟﻒ( ﻛﻼس‬
a) Class A
Signifies refrigerants for which toxicity has
not been identified at concentrations less than
or equal to 400 ppm, based on data used to
determine Threshold Limit Value-Time
Weighted
Average
(TLV-TWA)
or
consistent indices.
‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي‬،‫در اﻳﻦ رده‬
‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﺸﺪهاﻧﺪ‬400 ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺎدل‬
–‫ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺤﺪوده آﻏﺎزﻳﻦ‬
‫( ﻳﺎ‬TLV-TWA)‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزن ﺷﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن‬
.‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري‬
B ‫ب ( ﻛﻼس‬
b) Class B
Signifies refrigerants for which there is
evidence of toxicity at concentrations below
400 ppm, based on data used to determine
TLV-TWA or consistent indices.
‫ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻮدن در ﻏﻠﻈﺖﻫﺎي‬،‫در اﻳﻦ رده‬
‫ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‬400 ‫ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از‬
–‫ﺑﻄﻮرﻳﻜﻪ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺤﺪوده آﻏﺎزﻳﻦ‬
‫( ﻳﺎ‬TLV-TWA)‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزن ﺷﺪه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن‬
.‫ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬،‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري‬
10.4 Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling
‫ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ و ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺒﺮد‬4-10
10.4.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-4-10
Effective July 1,1992 EPA’s* "No Venting Law"
requires all contractors and owners to posses a
suitable refrigerant recovery and recycling unit
conforming to the requirements of ARI 740. This
approach is essential to minimize the CFC
contaminant level.
‫ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻣﻮرخ‬،‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﺪون ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎران و ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺎن ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﻓﺖ و‬، 1992 ‫اول ژوﺋﻦ‬
‫ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺒﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ را ﻃﺒﻖ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﺪن‬.‫ اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﻨﺪ‬ARI-740
.‫ اﻟﺰاﻣﻲ اﺳﺖ‬CFC ‫ﺳﻄﺢ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ‬
.‫ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬:EPA’s
EPA’s: Environmental Protection Agency
62
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
10.4.2 Contaminant level
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ‬2-4-10
To comply with ARI 700-2004 (allowable
contaminant level in used refrigerant) standard,
the physical properties of fluorocarbon
refrigerants and the maximum contaminant level
shall be as indicated in Table 5.
ARI 700-2004 ‫ﺑﺮاي رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﻤﻮدن و ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
‫ ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي‬،(‫)ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺠﺎز آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ در ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬5 ‫ﻓﻠﻮﺋﻮرﻛﺮﺑﻦ و ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﻄﺢ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺟﺪول‬
TABLE 5 - CONTAMINANT LEVEL
‫ ﺳﻄﺢ آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ‬-5 ‫ﺟﺪول‬
REFRIGERANTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
‫ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ‬
R11
R12
R13
R22
R113
R114
R500
R502
R503
74.9
-21.6
---
-41.4
117.6
38.8
-28.3
-49.8
-127.6
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.9
0.9
---
1.5
1.5
1.5
---
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
1.0
0.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.01
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Boiling point °F@ 29.9 in Hg
‫ اﻳﻨﭻ ﺟﻴﻮه‬29.9 ‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮش درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ در‬
Boiling range °F for 5% to 85% by vol.
distilled
0/85 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬%5 ‫داﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺟﻮش درﺟﻪ ﻓﺎرﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ در‬
‫ ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﺷﺪه‬.‫ﺣﺠﻤﻲ‬
Vapor phase contaminants air and other
noncondensables, max. % by vol.
‫ﻓﺎز ﺑﺨﺎر آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻫﻮا و ﻣﻮاد دﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻘﻄﻴﺮ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫درﺻﺪ ﺣﺠﻤﻲ‬
Liquid phase contaminants water-ppm by
weight
‫ ﻓﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن‬،‫آﻟﻮدﮔﻲﻫﺎي آب‬
‫وزﻧﻲ‬
Chloride ION-NO turbidity to pass by test
‫ﻳﻮن ﻛﻠﺮاﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻴﺮﮔﻲ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
Acidity-Max. ppm by weight
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ اﺳﻴﺪﻳﺘﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن وزﻧﻲ‬
High boiling residues-max. % by volume
‫ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺟﻮش ﺑﺎﻻ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ درﺻﺪ ﺣﺠﻤﻲ‬
Particulate/Solids-Visually clean to pass
‫ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﺷﺪه ﻋﻴﻨﻲ‬-‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪات‬/‫ذرات‬
Other refrigerants-max. % by weight
‫ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ درﺻﺪ وزﻧﻲ‬-‫ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ‬
63
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
Note:
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
A-ozone friendly refrigerant same as R407c,
R410a and R134a- shall be used(see
attachment.9)
‫ و‬R407c, R410a ‫ﻣﺒﺮد ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻻﻳﻪ ازون از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ‬
(‫ دﻳﺪه ﺷﻮد‬9 ‫)در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد‬R134a-
And only depended on purchaser approval mono
chloro-difluoromethane, called F22 or R22 may
used.
‫و ﻓﻘﻂ در ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨﻮﻛﻠﺮودي‬
.‫ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬F22 ‫ ﻳﺎ‬R22 ‫ﻓﻠﻮروﻣﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم‬
11. AUTOMATION AND CONTROLS
‫ اﺗﻮﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮن و ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎ‬-11
11.1 Automatic Controls
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري‬1-11
11.1.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-1-11
Applications of automatic control systems range
from simple domestic and commercial
temperature regulation to precision control of
industrial processes. Automatic controls can be
used wherever a variable condition must be
controlled. , That condition may be pressure,
temperature, humidity, or rate and volume of
flow, and it may exist in a liquid, a solid, or a gas.
In controlling these conditions, the most
important consideration is in the operation of the
controlling and the controlled devices.
‫داﻣﻨﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر از ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ دﻣﺎ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ ﺳﺎده و ﺗﺠﺎري ﺗﺎ ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪه ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬.‫دارد‬
،‫ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد دارد اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر‬
‫ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ‬،‫ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻳﺎ دﺑﻲ و ﺣﺠﻢ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺎﻳﻊ‬،‫دﻣﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬.‫ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد آن اﺳﺖ‬
Note:
:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
For further information on automatic controls,
reference is made to ASHRAE 2007 Application
Guidebook, Chapter 41.
‫ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻮرد ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬
.‫ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬41 ‫ ﺟﻠﺪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻓﺼﻞ‬ASHRAE-2007
11.2 Actuators
‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬2-11
11.2.1 An actuator is a controlled motor, relay or
solenoid in which the electric or pneumatic
energy is converted into a rotary, linear or
switching action. An actuator can effect a change
in the control variable by operating a number of
kinds of final control elements, such as valves
and dampers.
‫ رﻟﻪ ﻳﺎ‬،‫ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه‬،‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬1-2-11
‫ﺳﻮﻟﻮﻧﻮﺋﻴﺪي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺮژي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺸﺮده را ﺑــﻪ‬
‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬.‫ ﻗﻄﻊ و وﺻﻠﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺧﻄﻲ‬،‫ﭼﺮﺧﺸﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻳﻜﻲ از اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺎنﻫﺎي ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ در ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﺛﺮ‬،‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ و دﻣﭙﺮﻫﺎ‬
.‫ﮔﺬارد‬
11.2.2 Pneumatic motors or actuators are
proportioning and modulating in action, that they
can assume any position between and including
both extremes, depending on the pressure of the
air delivered to them. To secure two-position or
on-off action, relays must be used to supply either
zero air pressure or full air pressure to the motor.
‫ ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺸﺮده ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت‬2-2-11
‫ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ در ﻫﺮ‬.‫ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺪرﻳﺠﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻫﻮاي‬، ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ دو ﺣﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آن دو‬
‫ رﻟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن در‬.‫ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
‫دوﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ روﺷﻦ – ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻫﻮاي ﺻﻔﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
.‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر روﻧﺪ‬
11.2.3 Electric motors are two-position, floating,
or proportional position. Some of these motors
are uni-directional and rotate through 360°, while
‫ ﺷﻨﺎور ﻳﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ دوﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬3-2-11
‫ درﺟﻪ دوار‬360 ‫ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻬﺘﻪ و ﺗﺎ‬،‫ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎ‬.‫ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ‬
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
others have a limited stroke and two directions of
travel.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ در ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬.‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫داﺷﺘﻪ و در دو ﺟﻬﺖ در ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
11.3 Controllers
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬3-11
11.3.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-3-11
11.3.1.1 A controller is a device which (1) senses
and measures changes in the controlled variable,
and (2) uses an impulse received from sensing
and measuring the controlled variable to meter
energy of a form usable in the control circuit. The
metered energy actuates the control equipment
which then corrects a change or prevents a further
change in the controlled variable.
(1) :‫ ﻳﻚ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه وﺳﻴﻠﻪاي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬1-1-3-11
11.3.1.2 The sensing and measuring functions are
performed by the primary element of the
controller. The material and construction of the
primary element must be such that the primary
element will respond to changes in the controlled
condition. Electric and pneumatic controls use
essentially the same kinds of primary elements.
‫ ﺣﺲ و اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﺗﻮاﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ‬2-1-3-11
(2) .‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه را ﺣﺲ و اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﻳﻚ ﭘﺎﻟﺲ درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ از ﺣﺲ ﮔﺮ و اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي اﻧﺮژي ﻳﻚ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
،‫ اﻧﺮژي اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه‬.‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻣﺪار ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺮدن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ ﺷﺪه و ﺳﭙﺲ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ را در ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬
.‫ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﺟﻨﺲ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬.‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺟﻮاﺑﮕﻮي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ و ﺑﺎدي از اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
.‫اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
-‫ اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻧﻮع ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻧﺪازه‬3-1-3-11
11.3.1.3 The primary elements of a typical
controller should have the capability to measure
the following:
:‫ﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
- Temperature sensing primary elements
.‫ اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺣﺲﮔﺮ دﻣﺎ‬.‫ اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺣﺲﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر‬-
- Pressure sensing primary elements
.‫ اﺟﺰاء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺣﺲﮔﺮ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬-
- Humidity sensing primary elements
11.3.1.4 The controller takes the information in
either the form of temperature sensing or
humidity sensing. It gives command which can
turn ’off’ and ’on’ the pilot lights, start and stop a
fan or provide overall heating or cooling as
required. Recent system allows personal
computers (PC) to be tied to the controller and
this PC can act as the customers’ window into the
system.
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه از ﺣﺲﮔﺮ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ از ﺣﺲﮔﺮ‬4-1-3-11
11.3.2 Controller mechanisms
11.3.2.1 The translation of the measured change
in the controlled variable into a form of energy
which can be used by the control system. In the
primary element, the measurement of the
controlled condition has been transformed into an
impulse. This impulse then acts on the controller
mechanism.
‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰمﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬2-3-11
‫ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ و ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬1-2-3-11
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه در ﺷﻜﻠﻲ از اﻧﺮژي ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ اﻧﺪازه ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ‬،‫ در ﺟﺰء اوﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رود‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺳﭙﺲ روي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰم‬.‫ﻳﻚ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
.‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬.‫رﻃﻮﺑﺘﻲ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ‬،‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن دﻫﺪ ﭼﺮاغ ﭘﻴﻠﻮت ﺧﺎﻣﻮش و روﺷﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻛﻠﻲ را‬،‫روﺷﻦ و ﺧﺎﻣﻮش ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎدزن‬
‫ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ اﺧﻴﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬.‫ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪه ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه وﺻﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
.‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﻨﺠﺮه ﻣﺸﺘﺮي در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
65
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
11.3.2.2 In an electric controller the impulse from
the primary element is used to open or close an
electric circuit or set up a varying resistance in an
established circuit. For pneumatic controllers the
mechanism is usually a system of valves which
are opened and closed, or a vane which regulates
the air pressure to the final control element by
bleeding air to the atmosphere.
‫ ﺿﺮﺑﺔ ﺟﺰء اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺮاي‬،‫ در ﻳﻚ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬2-2-3-11
11.3.2.3 The mechanism of the controller is, in
effect an amplifier. This is even more apparent in
electronic control devices, as the sensing and
measuring functions are carried out in terms of
electronic energy and amplified by an electronic
amplifier.
‫ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰم ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺛﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬3-2-3-11
‫ﺑﺎزﻛﺮدن ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪار ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻳﺎﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬.‫در ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪار ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎدي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰم ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﺔ از ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺮه ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻫﻮا را ﺗﺎ رﺳﻴﺪن ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺎز ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬،‫اﺟﺰاء ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺘﻲ در وﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‬
‫ زﻳﺮا ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺣﺲﮔﺮ و اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻧﺮژي‬،‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﺷﺪه و ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
11.4 Modes of Control
‫ روشﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬4-11
All automatic control systems do not employ the
same kind of action to accomplish their purposes.
The method by which a control system acts are
called "control mode", the commonly used of
which are as follows;
‫ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري ﻳﻚ ﻧﻮع ﻋﻤﻞ را ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ روش ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻪ‬.‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮرﻫﺎﻳﺸﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم روش ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪه ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً آﻧﭽﻪ را در ذﻳﻞ ذﻛﺮ‬
:‫ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬،‫ﺷﺪه‬
a) Two position control, which is further
divided into:
:‫اﻟﻒ( ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دو ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺑﻪ‬
- Simple two-position control
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دو ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﺳﺎده‬-
- Timed two-position control
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل دو ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬-
b) Floating control, which is further divided
into:
:‫ب( ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﻨﺎور ﻛﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﺑﻪ‬
- Proportional plus reset control
‫ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﺠﺪد‬-
- Direct digital control (DDC)
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل رﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬-
c) Proportional control which may be
proportional or single speed.
12.
BUILDING
AUTOMATION
CONTROL INTEGRATION
‫ج( ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻚ‬
.‫ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
AND
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬-12
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر‬1-12
12.1 Integration and Automation Control
12.1.1 Microprocessor based controllers should
be used to integrate communications through
centralizes monitoring and control of single or
multiple equipment rooms or fan systems. The
concept of multiplexing signals shall be used to
reduce the wiring and tubing requirement.
Through automation, this system provides means
of accessibility to control system.
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬،‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ رﻳﺰﭘﺮدازﻧﺪه‬1-1-12
12.1.2 Control panels tie the component mounted
microprocessor together over a local area network
‫ اﺟﺰاء رﻳﺰﭘﺮدازﻧﺪه را ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ روي‬،‫ ﺗﺎﺑﻠﻮﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬2-1-12
‫ﺳﺎزي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﻈﺎرت و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﺑﺮ اﺗﺎﻗﻬﺎي‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﻜﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎدزن ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر‬
‫ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎل ﭼﻨﺪﺗﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺳﻴﻢﻛﺸﻲ و‬.‫ﻣﻲرود‬
‫ در اﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري وﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬.‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رود‬
.‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺳﺎزد‬
66
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
(LAN), so that overall system performance can be
monitored and controlled. The panels may
provide alarms when components fail or slip
beyond predetermined parameters which provide
significant diagnostic capabilities. (Manufacturers
are developing protocols to communicate with
building fire, security, elevators and lighting
control systems).
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬.‫( ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬LAN) ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي‬
‫ اﻳﻦ‬.‫ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ را ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﻈﺎرت و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ ﺧﻄﺎ‬، ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ اﺟﺰاء دﭼﺎر ﺧﻄﺎ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﻫﺸﺪار‬،‫ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ را ﺑﺎ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻋﻴﺐ‬
،‫ )ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞﻫﺎﻳﻲ در ﻣﻮرد ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي‬.‫دﻫﺪ‬
‫ آﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮرﻫـﺎ و ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل روﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ را ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ و‬،‫اﻳﻤﻨﻲ‬
.(‫اراﺋﻪ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
12.1.3 Integrating the automation and controller
functions improves the hardware utilization,
functionality and operator interface capabilities.
Therefore to increase the potential for providing
better environmental control, a typical building
energy management system (BEMS) in a building
should
be
coordinated
with
relevant
manufacturers of controls.
‫ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪﺳﺎزي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري و اﻋﻤﺎل ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬3-1-12
‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲﻫﺎي‬،‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ از ﺳﺨﺖ اﻓﺰار‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬.‫ﻛﺎرﺑﺮ اﺳﺖ‬
‫ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬،‫ در ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن‬،‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ زﻳﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬
‫اﻧﺮژي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‬،‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
12.2 Direct Digital Controls (DDC)
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬2-12
12.2.1 General
‫ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬1-2-12
‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺷﺪه‬،‫ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ دو ﻣﻔﻬﻮم‬DDC ‫ از‬D ‫اوﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ اﻣﺮوز( ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ‬:‫را ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‬
‫آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ آﺷﻜﺎر ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ اﻋﺪاد اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ‬.‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬،‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻮد‬
‫ ﺑﺪون ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﺎﻳﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
.‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
The first "D" in DDC can stand for two concepts:
Direct or Distributed. Direct (the definition
accepted in the industry today) signifies that
system devices are monitored and controlled by
digital electronics. Distributed control means that
system devices interact among themselves to
control a mechanical system, without reference to
an over-seeing device.
‫ و ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬DDC 2-2-12
12.2.2 DDC and personal computers
As the power of personal computers (PCs)
increases and their cost decreases, DDC central
data gathering functions have migrated to an
affordable PC platform for nearly every market
segment. These central data gathering stations can
be of great use in the commissioning procedure.
Not only can they monitor physical data, but they
can also indicate whether or not a particular
application is behaving correctly. In addition,
they can supply the following diagnostic and
troubleshooting information, and document test
results.
‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺪرت ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﻲ اﻓﺰوده و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي‬
‫ ﺑﺎ دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي‬،‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ‬
‫ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي را ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ از ﺑﺎزار ﻋﻬﺪهدار‬،‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬
‫ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﻛﺰ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ دادهﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي‬.‫ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮد‬
‫ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ‬.‫دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ راهاﻧﺪازي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده زﻳﺎد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ دادهﻫﺎي ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ را ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ آﻧﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي وﻳﮋه ﺻﺤﻴﺢ را ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﻳﺎ ﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ و اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻋﻴﺐﻳﺎﺑﻲ و ﻣﺪارك ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آزﻣﻮن‬
:‫ذﻳﻞ را ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬
- Trend logging
‫ ﻳﺎدداﺷﺖ روﻧﺪ دادهﻫﺎ‬-
- Dynamic trending
‫ روﻧﺪ دﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ‬-
- Command trace
‫ رﻫﮕﻴﺮي ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬-
67
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
12.2.3 DDC commissioning stages
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ راهاﻧﺪازي ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬3-2-12
(DDC)
For DDC operation, the first stage of
commissioning involves testing, calibrating and
verifying the sensors and actuators installed on
the job. Verifying wiring terminations, checking
the placement of the sensors and actuators,
calibrating sensor reading against known values
and stroking actuators should be done before
DDC control loops are commissioned.
‫ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد راهاﻧﺪازي ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫــﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ اوﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﺮدن و رﺳﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺣﺲﮔﺮﻫﺎ‬،‫ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬:‫راهاﻧﺪازي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
-‫ رﺳﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻢ‬.‫و ﻋﻤﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺣﺲﮔﺮﻫﺎ و‬،‫ﻛﺸﻲﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﺮدن ﺣﺲﮔﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي‬،‫ﻋﻤﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ را ﻣﻲﺧﻮاﻧﺪ و ﻋﻤﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺿﺮﺑﻪاي و ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
.‫ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﻴﺮد‬DDC ‫ ﻗﺒﻞ از‬،‫ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬
12.3 ’Gateways’ to Integration
‫ درﻳﭽﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺳﺎزي‬3-12
The integrated and automated control facilities
available with modern distributed intelligence
microprocessor based building automation system
(BAS) may include but not limited to, the
following:
‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺧﻮدﻛﺎر و ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ و رﻳﺰﭘﺮدازﻧﺪهﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮس‬
‫ ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮارد ذﻳﻞ‬
:‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
- Plant alarm and status monitoring and
logging
‫ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و ﻳﺎدداﺷﺖ ﺟﺪول‬،‫ اﻋﻼم اﺧﻄﺎر واﺣﺪ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎﺗﻲ‬‫دادهﻫﺎ‬
- Optimization of boilers and chillers
‫ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺎزي دﻳﮓﻫﺎ و ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎ‬-
- Optimum start/stop of heating and cooling
plant
‫ ﺷﺮوع و ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎﺗﻲ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و‬‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬
- Security and fire alarm monitoring
‫ ﭘﺎﻳﺶ و ﻫﺸﺪار ﺣﺮاﺳﺘﻲ و آﺗﺶ‬‫ ﺟﺪول ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﺎﺗﻲ‬-
- Plant maintenance scheduling
‫ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻛﻨﺘﺮلﻫﺎي ﻋﺪدي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬-
- Full DDC control loops
- Control of remote building via telephone
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن از راه دور ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬-
- Energy consumption logging
‫ ﻳﺎدداﺷﺖ ﺟﺪول دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي‬-
- Electrical load cycling and maximum
demand control
‫ ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ﺑﺎر ﺑﺮﻗﻲ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‬-
- Metering of electricity, gas, oil and water
‫ ﻧﻔﺖ و آب‬،‫ ﮔﺎز‬،‫ اﻧﺪازهﮔﻴﺮي ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﺮق‬-
- Lighting control
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل روﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬4-12
‫ دادهﻫﺎي ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ اﻧﺮژي‬1-4-12
‫ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤــﺎن و دﺳﺘﻮراﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺘــﺮل ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬
‫ ﻳــﺎ‬ASHRAE ‫ﻛــﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي ﺑــﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮ اﺳــﺎس اﺳﺘـــﺎﻧﺪارد‬
BACnet ‫ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬.‫* ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬BSR/ASHRAE 135-P
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ دادهﻫﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت و ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ‬
-‫ و ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬HVAC ‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻈﺎرت و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل‬
‫ و آن ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬.‫ﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ از اﻳﻨﺮو‬.‫ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات را ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‬،‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫اﻳﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼت ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد از ﻓﻦآوري ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﺪدي در‬
12.4 Communication Protocol Standards
12.4.1 A data communication protocol for
Building Automation energy management and
Control network (BACnet) procedures shall be
based on ASHRAE Standard *BSR/ASHRAE
135-P. The proposed BACnet standard defines
data communication services and protocol for
computer equipment used for monitoring and
control of HVAC and other building systems. It
defines an abstract object-oriented representation
of
information
communicated
between
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Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
equipment, thereby facilitating the application
and use of digital control technology in buildings.
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
.‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
‫ = ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ‬BSR
* BSR = Board of Standards Review
12.4.2 To develop mechanisms by which
computerized equipment of arbitrary function can
exchange information, regardless of the particular
building service it performs, the SPC 135P
(Standards Project Committee) recommends the
following four key components to the
development process required to be tackled:
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰم ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر‬2-4-12
‫ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ وﻳﮋه‬،‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎري ﻣﻲﺗﻮان‬
‫ )اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬SPC 135P ،‫ﻣﺒﺎدﻟﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم داد‬
‫ﭘﺮوژه( ﻣﻮارد ﭼﻬﺎرﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﺪي ذﻳﻞ را ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﻛﺎر‬
:‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
a) How to represent the internal functioning
of a Vendors’ equipment in a common,
network-visible way, recognizing both
proprietary nature of Vendor’s internal design
and the diversity of functionality involved.
‫اﻟﻒ( ﺑﻴﺎن ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه‬
b) To agree on a set of common commands or
services that could be used between devices to
get them to carry out the functions of
distributed monitoring and control. (The
Standard currently provides 30 services in fire
areas: alarm and event services; object access
services; remote device management services;
and virtual terminal services).
‫ب( ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ در ﻣﻮرد ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮي از دﺳﺘﻮرات ﻋﺎدي ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻳﻚ روش ﻋﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي و‬
‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺗﻘﺪم ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
.‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه و اﺧﺘﻼف ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﭘﻴﺶ آﻣﺪه‬
‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﻮهﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ و ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﻴﺮد‬
‫ ﻧﻮع ﺧﺪﻣﺎت را در‬30‫)اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﺪاول‬
‫ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ‬:‫ ﻫﺸﺪار و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺣﺎدﺛﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺤﺪوده آﺗﺶ‬
‫ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ وﺳﺎﻳﻞ و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬،‫ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ‬
.(‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪاي واﻗﻌﻲ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
c) To agree how to encode the messages
defined above in a standard way. How the
messages should be represented as binary
zeros and ones on the communications media.
‫ج( ﺑﺮاي ﻗﺒﻮل ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ رﻣﺰﮔﺸﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﻴﺎمﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از‬
d) What network technologies should be used
to actually get the BACnet messages from one
device to another?
‫د( ﭼﻪ ﻓﻦآوريﻫﺎي ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ در ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬.‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬
.‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﻴﺎمﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت دو ﺻﻔﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ داده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد ﺗﺎ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ اﻧﺮژي ﺧﻮدﻛﺎري ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن و‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻮﺗﺮي ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر واﻗﻌﻲ از ﻳﻚ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
.‫وﺳﻴﻠﻪ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬
12.4.3 Computers used in the HVAC industry
‫ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ و‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ‬3-4-12
have their own defacto standards. To define this
‫ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲروﻧﺪ داراي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬HVAC ‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺪل ﺑﺮاي ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬.‫وﻳﮋه ﺧﻮد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫( ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد‬ISO)‫ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‬،‫ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺪل اﺗﺼﺎل ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫــﺎي ﺑــﺎز را‬
‫ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺪارك‬ISO ‫ از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬OSI .‫ﻣﻲﭘﺬﻳﺮﻧﺪ‬
‫ ﭘﻴﺮوي‬،‫دروازهﻫﺎي ورود ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي‬
‫ در درون ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮي ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬
7 ‫ ﻛﺎر ﺧﻮﻳﺶ را در‬،(OSI) ‫ ﭘﺮوﺗﻜﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي‬،( LON)
.‫ﻻﻳﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ‬
model
for
International
protocol
Standards
communications,
Organization
the
(ISO)
proposed that manufacturers comply with Open
Systems Interconnect (OSI) model. This follows
the ISO recommendations for the provision of
"gate ways” to other networks. Within the LON
(Local Operating Network) protocol the OSI has
defined its workings in 7 layers (sub-task).
69
‫آذر ‪Nov. 2009 / 1388‬‬
‫)‪IPS-E-AR- 120(1‬‬
‫‪ATTACHMENTS‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ‬
‫)اﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫‪(These Attachments are not part of this‬‬
‫‪Standard and are included for information‬‬
‫)‪purpose only‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ‪1‬‬
‫‪ATTACHMENT 1‬‬
‫ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ(‬
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﺧﺸﻚ‬
‫ﮔﺮم و ﺧﺸﻚ‬
‫ﮔﺮم و ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
‫‪CLIMATE ZONING OF IRAN‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ اﻳﺮان‬
‫‪70‬‬
‫ﮔﺮم و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ATTACHMENT 2
ZONING CLASSIFICATION PER
CLIMATIC CONDITION IN IRAN
2 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ آب و ﻫﻮاي اﻳﺮان‬
INSIDE DESIGN CONDITIONS
(PROPOSED)
OUTSIDE AIR CONDITIONS
GEOGRAPHICAL
SITUATION
‫ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻫﻮاي ﺧﺎرج‬
24
15
77
50%
67
19.
5
80
26.5
10
24
42
5.5
20
200
50%
92
33.5
110
43.5
22
77
50%
67
19.
5
80
26.5
20
30
32
0
30
87
20%
78
26
115
47
54
30
65
50%
62.
5
17
75
24
1500
30-32
18
-8
20
55
17%
70
21
105
41
50
38
65
50%
62.
5
17
75
24
1500
36
5
-15
25
28
22%
69
20.5
99
37
28
65
50%
62.
5
17
75
24
-20
37
25
-4
20
160
65%
84
29
95
35
ELEV
ASL
GR/LB
REL HUM
LAT
HUM
W
TEMP
DIFF
1
4
HO
T
‫ﮔﺮم‬
40
ELEVATION
ABOVE SEA LEVEL
GRAINS PER POUND
RELATIVE HUMIDITY
LATENT HEAT
HUMIDITY
WEIGHT
TEMPERATURE
DIFFERENCE
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻳﻦ در ﭘﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻧﻬﺎن‬
‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬
‫وزن‬
‫دﻣﺎ‬
71
MILD
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪل‬
COLD
‫ﺳﺮد‬
VERY
COLD
‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺮد‬
COLD
‫ﺳﺮد‬
‫ﻧﻮع‬
ْ C
TYPE
ْ F
ELEV
ASL
GR/LB
REL HUM
LAT
HUM
W
TEMP
3
‫ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
ْ C
‫ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن‬
ْ F
‫ﮔﺮم و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
%RH
‫ﮔﺮم و ﺧﺸﻚ‬
W
gr/1b
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﺧﺸﻚ‬
DR
ْ F
‫ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
ْ C
SUMMER
ْ F
‫ﮔﺮم و ﻧﻴﻤﻪ‬
DEGR
EE
HOT AND
HUMID
(m)
HOT AND
DRY
ْ C
MILD AND
DRY
ْ F
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و‬
ْ C
‫زﻣﺴﺘﺎن‬
ْF
HOT AND
SEMIHUMID
%RH
MILD AND
HUMID
W
gr/1b
‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻣﺎ‬
ْ C
LAT.
ْ F
WINTER
‫دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ‬
DRY BULB TEMP
‫دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
WET BULB TEMP
REL HUM
‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬
‫داﻣﻨﻪ دﻣﺎ روزاﻧﻪ‬
WINTER
MINIMUM TEMP
ELE. ASL
‫دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﺧﺸﻚ‬
DRY BULB TEMP
‫دﻣﺎي ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬
WET BULB TEMP
‫رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
REL. HUM.
‫ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼف دﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ‬
‫ﻫﻮاي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي‬
SUMMER
TEMP
DIFF.
HUM. LEVEL
‫ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن‬
‫ﻋﺮض ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ‬
‫زﻣﺴﺘﺎن‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ‬
SUMMER
‫زﻣﺴﺘﺎن‬
ZONING
AIR
DAILY RANGE
(‫)ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي‬
HUM. LEVEL
‫ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ‬
WINTER
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
2
5
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ATTACHMENT 3
SCHEDULE OF IRANIAN CITIES PER
ZONING AREA
TYPE 1 - HOT & HUMID
‫ ﮔﺮم و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬-3 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
ABU MUSA ISLAND
BANDAR AMIR
BANDAR BOOSHER
BANDAR DYLAM
BANDAR GENAVEH
BANDAR JASK
BANDAR IMAM KHOMEINI
BANDAR MAHSHAR
CHAHBAHAR
HENGAM PORT
HORMOZ PORT
KHARG ISLAND
KISH ISLAND
LARAK PORT
LAVAN PORT
MINAB
MINOO PORT
TONBE BOZORG
TONBE KOOCHAK
QESHM ISLAND
3 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺟﺪول ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي اﻳﺮان ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ‬
TYPE 2 - HOT & SEMIHUMID
TYPE 3 - HOT & DRY
‫ ﮔﺮم و ﺧﺸﻚ‬-1 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
‫ ﮔﺮم و ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬-2 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
‫ﺟﺰﻳﺮ اﺑﻮﻣﻮﺳﻲ‬
BANDAR ABAS
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
‫ﺑﻨﺪرﻋﺒﺎس‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر اﻣﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪرﺑﻮﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪردﻳﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﮔﻨﺎوه‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪرﺟﺎﺳﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪراﻣﺎم ﺧﻤﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﻣﺎﻫﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﭼﺎه ﺑﻬﺎر‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﻫﻨﮕﺎم‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﻫﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﺧﺎرك‬
‫ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﻛﻴﺶ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﻻرك‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﻻوان‬
‫ﻣﻴﻨﺎب‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﻣﻴﻨﻮ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺐ ﺑﺰرگ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺐ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬
‫ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﻗﺸﻢ‬
ABADAN
‫آﺑﺎدان‬
‫آﻏﺎﺟﺎري‬
AHWAZ
‫اﻫﻮاز‬
ANDIMESHK
‫اﻧﺪﻳﻤﺸﻚ‬
BEHBAHAN
‫ﺑﻬﺒﻬﺎن‬
BAM
‫ﺑﻢ‬
DASHTE ABAS
‫دﺷﺖ ﻋﺒﺎس‬
DEZFUL
‫دزﻓﻮل‬
‫دوﮔﻨﺒﺪان‬
DO GONBADAN
EEZEH
‫اﻳﺰه‬
GACH SARAN
‫ﮔﭽﺴﺎران‬
‫ﻫﻮﻳﺰه‬
HOVEIZEH
IRANSHAHR
‫اﻳﺮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻬﻨﻮج‬
KAHNOOJ
LAR
‫ﻻر‬
MASJID SULAIMAN‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎن‬
‫راﻣﻬﺮﻣﺰ‬
RAMHORMOZ
SHOOSH
‫ﺷﻮش‬
SHOOSHTAR
‫ﺷﻮﺷﺘﺮ‬
SUSANGERD
‫ﺳﻮﺳﻨﮕﺮد‬
ZABOL
‫زاﺑﻞ‬
AGHAJARI
ARDEKAN
BAFQ
BAFT
BEERJAND
DAMGHAN
EMAM SHAHR
ESFAHAN
FASA
FERDOUS
GARMSAR
GONABAD
JAHROM
JEEROFT
KAHRIZAK
KASHAN
KASHMAR
KERMAN
KERMANSHAH
KHORAMABAD
NAJAF ABAD
NEIREEZ
PASSARGAD
RAFSANJAN
RAVAND
SABZEVAR
SEERJAN
SEMNAN
SHAHR BABAK
SHIRAZ
TAFTAN
TEHRAN
YASOOJ
YAZD
ZAHEDAN
(to be continued)
‫اردﻛﺎن‬
‫ﺑﺎﻓﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺮﺟﻨﺪ‬
‫داﻣﻐﺎن‬
‫اﻣﺎم ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫اﺻﻔﻬﺎن‬
‫ﻓﺴﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺮدوس‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺴﺎر‬
‫ﮔﻨﺒﺪ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺮم‬
‫ﺟﻴﺮﻓﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻬﺮﻳﺰك‬
‫ﻛﺎﺷﺎن‬
‫ﻛﺎﺷﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻛﺮﻣﺎن‬
‫ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه‬
‫ﺧﺮم آﺑﺎد‬
‫ﻧﺠﻒ آﺑﺎد‬
‫ﻧﻴﺮﻳﺰ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺎرﮔﺎد‬
‫رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن‬
‫راوﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺰوار‬
‫ﺳﻴﺮﺟﺎن‬
‫ﺳﻤﻨﺎن‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﺑﻚ‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮاز‬
‫ﺗﻔﺘﺎن‬
‫ﺗﻬﺮان‬
‫ﻳﺎﺳﻮج‬
‫ﻳﺰد‬
‫زاﻫﺪان‬
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
72
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 3 (continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬3 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
TYPE 4 - MILD & DRY
TYPE 5 - MILD & HUMID
‫ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﺧﺸﻚ‬-4 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
‫ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬-5 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
ABHAR
ALI GOODARZ
ARAK
ARDABIL
AZARSHAHR
BANEH
BAZARGAN
BOEEN ZAHRA
BIJAR
BISETOON
BOJNOORD
BOROOJERD
BUKAN
DAMAVAND
DEHLORAN
DOOZ DOOZAN
ESLAM ABAD
HAMEDAN
HESARAK
KARADJ
KHOY
MAHALLAT
MAKOO
MALAYER
MARAGHE
MARIWAN
MASHED
MESHKEEN SHAHR
MIYANDOAB
MIYANEH
NEISHABOOR
NOUSOOD
OSHNOVIEH
PAVEH
PIRANSHAHR
QAZVIN
QOOCHAN
RAVANSAR
REZAEYEH
ROODE HEN
‫اﺑﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﮔﻮدرز‬
‫اراك‬
‫اردﺑﻴﻞ‬
‫آذرﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎن‬
‫ﺑﻮﻳﻴﻦ زﻫﺮا‬
‫ﺑﻴﺠﺎر‬
‫ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻮن‬
‫ﺑﺠﻨﻮرد‬
‫ﺑﺮوﺟﺮد‬
‫ﺑﻮﻛﺎن‬
‫دﻣﺎوﻧﺪ‬
‫دﻫﻠﺮان‬
‫دوزدوزان‬
‫اﺳﻼم آﺑﺎد‬
‫ﻫﻤﺪان‬
‫ﺣﺼﺎرك‬
‫ﻛﺮج‬
‫ﺧﻮي‬
‫ﻣﺤﻼت‬
‫ﻣﺎﻛﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻼﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺮاﻏﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻳﻮان‬
‫ﻣﺸﻬﺪ‬
AZADSHAHR
ASTARA
ASTANEH
AMOL
BABOL
BABOLSAR
BANDAR ANZALI
BANDAR TORKAMAN
BANDAR GAZ
BEHSHAHR
CHABOKSAR
CHALOOS
FOOMAN
GONBAD KAVOOS
HASHTPAR
KOLAK CHAL
LAHIJAN
LANGAROOD
MANJIL
NEKA
NOOR
NOUSHAHR
QAEM SHAHR
RAMSAR
RASHT
ROOD-BAR
ROOD-SAR
SARI
‫ﻣﺸﻜﻴﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺪوآب‬
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺸﺎﺑﻮر‬
‫ﻧﻮﺳﻮد‬
‫اﺷﻨﻮﻳﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺎوه‬
‫ﭘﻴﺮاﻧﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻗﺰوﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻗﻮﭼﺎن‬
‫رواﻧﺴﺮ‬
‫رﺿﺎﻳﻴﻪ‬
‫رودﻫﻦ‬
SIYAKHAL
SOMEH SARA
TONEKABON
(to be continued)
‫آزادﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫آﺳﺘﺎرا‬
‫آﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫آﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺑﻠﺴﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر اﻧﺰﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪر ﺗﺮﻛﻤﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪرﮔﺰ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺸﻬﺮ‬
‫ﭼﺎﺑﻜﺴﺮ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻟﻮس‬
‫ﻓﻮﻣﻦ‬
‫ﮔﻨﺒﺪﻛﺎووس‬
‫ﻫﺸﺘﭙﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻚ ﭼﺎل‬
‫ﻻﻫﻴﺠﺎن‬
‫ﻟﻨﮕﺮود‬
‫ﻣﻨﺠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎ‬
‫ﻧﻮر‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫راﻣﺴﺮ‬
‫رﺷﺖ‬
‫رودﺑﺎر‬
‫رودﺳﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺎري‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺻﻮﻣﻌﻪ ﺳﺮا‬
‫ﺗﻨﻜﺎﺑﻦ‬
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
73
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 3 (continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬3 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
TYPE 4 - MILD & DRY
TYPE 5 - MILD & HUMID
‫ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﺧﺸﻚ‬-4 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
‫ ﻣﻌﺘﺪل و ﻣﺮﻃﻮب‬-5 ‫ﻧﻮع‬
SALMAS
TABRIZ
‫ﺳﻠﻤﺎس‬
‫ﺳﻨﻨﺪج‬
‫ﺳﻘﺰ‬
‫ﺳﺮاب‬
‫ﺳﺮدﺷﺖ‬
‫ﺷﺒﺴﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻫﻴﻦ دژ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﻛﺮد‬
‫ﺷﻴﺮوان‬
‫ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ‬
TAKAB
‫ﺗﻜﺎب‬
ZANJAN
‫زﻧﺠﺎن‬
SANANDAJ
SAQQEZ
SARAB
SARDASHT
SHABESTAR
SHAHIN DEJ
SHAHR-E-KORD
SHEERVAN
74
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ATTACHMENT 4
RECOMMENDED RATE OF HEAT GAIN
FROM SELECTED RESTAURANT
EQUIPMENT
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
4 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه‬
‫رﺳﺘﻮران‬
Recommended Rate or Heat Gain
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
Without Hood
‫ﻧﺮخ اﻧﺮژي‬
‫ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
With
Hood
‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮد‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Size
Rated
Standby
Sensible
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
‫ﻧﺮخ‬
‫ﻳﺪك‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
, Btu/h
‫اﻟﻒ‬
Energy Rate
Btu/h
Appliance
a
Latent
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎن‬
Total
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
Sensible
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
Electric, No Hood Required
‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ – ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
Blender, per quart of capacity
(‫ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻮرت‬،‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻛﻦ )ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬
Cabinet (large hot holding)
(‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﺖ )ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺰرگ‬
Cabinet (small hot holding)
(‫ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻨﺖ )ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬
Coffee brewer
‫ﻗﻬﻮه ﺳﺎز‬
1 to 4 qt
16.2 to 17.3 ft3
3.2 to 6.4 ft3
12 cups/2
burners
Coffee brewing urn (large) per quart of capacity
(‫ﻗﻬﻮه ﺳﺎز ﺑﺰرگ )ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻮرت‬
23 to 40 qt
Coffee heater, per warming burner
‫ﻗﻬﻮه ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‬
1 to 2 burners
Dishwasher (hood type chemical sanitizing), per
100 dishes/h
‫ﺑﺸﻘﺎب در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬100 (‫ﻇﺮﻓﺸﻮﻳﻲ )ﻫﻮد از ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ – ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ‬
950 to 2000
dishes/h
Dishwasher (conveyor type water sanitizing), per
100 dishes/h
‫ﺑﺸﻘﺎب در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬100 (‫ﻇﺮﻓﺸﻮﻳﻲ)ﻧﻮع ﺗﺴﻤﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻟﻪ آب ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ‬
5000 to 9000
dishes/h
Display case (refrigerated) per 10 ft3 of interior
‫ﻳﺨﭽﺎل وﻳﺘﺮﻳﻨﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ داﺧﻞ‬
6 to 67 ft3
Food warmer (infrared bulb) per lamp
‫ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ ﻏﺬا )ﺣﺒﺎب ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ( ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻻﻣﭗ‬
1 to 6 bulbs
Food warmer (well type), per cubic foot of well
(‫ﮔﺮﻣﻜﻦ ﻏﺬا )از ﻧﻮع ﺣﻔﺮهاي‬
0.7 to 2.5 ft3
(to be continued)
1550
1000
520
1520
480
7100
610
340
960
290
3070
270
140
410
130
5660
3750
1910
5660
1810
2130
1420
710
2130
680
340
230
110
340
110
1300
170
370
540
170
1160
150
370
520
170
1540
617
0
617
0
850
850
0
850
850
3620
1200
610
1810
580
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
75
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 4 (Continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬4 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Recommended Rate or Heat Gain
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
Without Hood
‫ﻧﺮخ اﻧﺮژي‬
‫ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
With
Hood
‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮد‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Size
Rated
Standby
Sensible
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
‫ﻧﺮخ‬
‫ﻳﺪك‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
Freezer (large)
(‫ﻓﺮﻳﺰر )ﺑﺰرگ‬
Griddle / grill (large) per ft2 of cooking surface
‫ ﻛﺒﺎب ﭘﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺨﺖ‬/ ‫ﻣﺸﺒﻚ‬
7.3 ft3
4.6 to 11.8 ft2
Hot plate (high speed double burner)
(‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﮔﺮم )دو ﻣﺸﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
Ice maker (large)
(‫ﻳﺦﺳﺎز)ﺑﺰرگ‬
220 lb/day
Microwave oven (heavy duty commercial)
(‫اﺟﺎق ﻣﻴﻜﺮووﻳﻮ )از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
0.7 ft3
Mixer (large), per quart of capacity
‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻛﻦ )ﺑﺰرگ( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻮرت‬
81 qt
Refrigerator (large), per 10 ft3 of interior space
‫ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬100 ‫ﻳﺨﭽﺎل )ﺑﺰرگ( ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
25 to 74 ft3
Rotisserie
‫ﺟﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﺮدان‬
300
hamburgers/h
Serving cart (hot), per cubic foot of well
‫ﭼﺮخ دﺳﺘﻲ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ )ﮔﺮم( ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
1.8 to 3.2 ft3
Steam kettle (large), per quart of capacity
‫ﻛﺘﺮي ﺑﺨﺎري)ﺑﺮﻗﻲ( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻮرت‬
80 to 320qt
Toaster (large pop-up)
(‫ﻧﺎن ﺑﺮﺷﺘﻪ ﻛﻦ )ﺑﺰرگ‬
10 slices
(to be continued)
, Btu/h
‫اﻟﻒ‬
Energy Rate
Btu/h
Appliance
a
Latent
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎن‬
Total
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
Sensible
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
4570
1840
0
1840
0
9200
615
343
958
343
16720
7810
5430
13240
6240
3720
9320
0
9320
0
8970
8970
8970
0
94
94
0
94
0
753
300
0
300
0
10920
7200
3720
10920
3480
2050
680
340
1020
328
300
23
16
39
13
18080
9590
8500
18080
5800
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
76
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 4 (Continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬4 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Recommended Rate or Heat Gain
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
a
, Btu/h
‫اﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
Energy Rate
Btu/h
Without Hood
‫ﻧﺮخ اﻧﺮژي‬
‫ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
With
Hood
‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮد‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Latent
Sensible
Appliance
Size
Rated
Standby
Sensible
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
‫ﻧﺮخ‬
‫ﻳﺪك‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
11000
9300
2800
48000
2900
1200
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎن‬
Total
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
Electric Exhaust Hood Required
‫ﻫﻮد ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﺧﺮوج ﻫﻮا‬
Charbroiler, per linear foot of cooking surface
‫ﻛﺒﺎب ﭘﺰ زﻏﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺨﺖ‬
Fryer (deep fat),
(‫ﺳﺮخ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه )ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع روﻏﻦ زﻳﺎد‬
2 to 8 linear ft
35 to 50 lb oil
Fryer (pressurized), per lb of fat capacity
‫ﺳﺮخ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه )ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﭘﻮﻧﺪ روﻏﻦ‬
13 to 33 lb
Oven (large deck baking with 537 ft3 decks), per
cubic foot of oven space
‫اﺟﺎق )ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ زﻳﺎد( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
15 to 46 ft3
Oven (small convection), per cubic foot of oven
space
‫اﺟﺎق )ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻢ( ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
1.4 to 5.3 ft
Open range top , per 2 element section
‫اﺟﺎق ﮔﺎز )ﺷﻌﻠﻪاي( دو ﺷﻌﻠﻪ در ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬
2 to 6
elements
1565
59
1670
69
10340
147
3
14000
4600
113
14800
660b
5310
2860
8170
1220
1740
660b
510
200
710
230
Gas No Hood Required
‫اﺟﺎق ﮔﺎز ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
Broiler, per square foot of broiling area
‫ﻛﺒﺎب ﭘﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﺒﺎب ﭘﺰ‬
2.7 ft2
Dishwasher (hood type chemical sanitizing ), per
100 dishes/h
(‫ ﺑﺸﻘﺎب در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬100 ‫ﻇﺮﻓﺸﻮﻳﻲ )ﻫﻮد از ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ‬
950 to 2000
dishes/h
(to be continued)
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
77
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 4 (Continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬4 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Recommended Rate or Heat Gain
a
, Btu/h
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲاﻟﻒ ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Energy Rate
Btu/h
Without Hood
‫ﻧﺮخ اﻧﺮژي‬
‫ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
With
Hood
‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮد‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Latent
Sensible
Appliance
Size
Rated
Standby
Sensible
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
‫ﻧﺮخ‬
‫ﻳﺪك‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
5000 to 9000
dishes/h
1370
660b
370
80
450
140
17000
330
1140
610
1750
460
4740
660b
623
220
843
85
9840
660b
2430
36000
22000
3800
80000
5600
1900
70000
29400
5700
7240
660b
130
33600
1325
6590
11800
330
3390
Dishwasher (conveyor type water sanitizing ), per 100 dishes/h
(‫ﻇﺮﻓﺸﻮﻳﻲ )آب ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ ﻧﻮع ﻧﻘﺎﻟﻪاي‬
Griddle / grill (large). per square foot of cooking surface
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎن‬
Total
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
4.6 to 11.8 ft2
‫ ﻛﺒﺎب ﭘﺰ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺨﺖ‬/ ‫ﻣﺸﺒﻚ‬
Oven (pizza), per square foot of hearth
‫اﺟﺎق )ﭘﻴﺘﺰا( ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ آﺗﺸﺪان‬
6.4 to 12.9 ft
2
Gas Exhaust Hood Required
‫ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮد ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ‬
Braising pan, per quart of capacity
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻮرت‬،‫ﻣﺎﻫﻲﺗﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎ آﺗﺶ ﻣﻼﻳﻢ ﭘﺨﺘﻦ‬
Charbroiler (large), per linear foot of cooking area
‫ﻛﺒﺎب ﭘﺰ زﻏﺎﻟﻲ )ﺑﺰرگ( ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺨﺖ‬
Fryer (deep fat),
(‫ﺳﺮخ ﻛﻦ ﻏﺬا )ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع روﻏﻦ زﻳﺎد‬
105 to 140 qt
2 to 8 linear ft
35 to 50 oil cap
Oven (convection), full size
(‫اﺟﺎق )ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ‬
Oven (pizza), per square foot of oven hearth
‫اﺟﺎق )ﭘﻴﺘﺰا( ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ آﺗﺸﺪان‬
Range (burners), per 2 burner section
‫اﺟﺎق ﮔﺎز )ﺷﻌﻠﻪاي( دو ﺷﻌﻠﻪ در ﻫﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬
Range (hot top/fry top), per square foot of cooking surface
‫اﺟﺎق ﮔﺎز )ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﮔﺮم( ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻮت ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﺨﺖ‬
9.3 to 25.8 ft
2
2 to 10 burners
3 to 8 ft2
Steam
‫ﺑﺨﺎر‬
Compartment steamer, per pound of foot capacity/h
‫ﺑﺨﺎرﺳﺎز ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﻪاي ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﭘﻮﻧﺪ ﻏﺬا در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
46 to 450 lb
(to be continued)
280
22
14
36
11
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
78
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 4 (Continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬4 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Recommended Rate or Heat Gain
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
a
, Btu/h
‫اﻟﻒ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬
Energy Rate
Btu/h
Without Hood
With Hood
‫ﻧﺮخ اﻧﺮژي‬
‫ﺑﺪون ﻫﻮد‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮد‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Appliance
Size
Rated
Standby
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
‫ﻧﺮخ‬
‫ﻳﺪك‬
Dishwasher (hood type chemical sanitizing), per 100
dishes/h
‫ ﺑﺸﻘﺎب در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬100 (‫ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ‬-‫ﻇﺮﻓﺸﻮﻳﻲ )ﻫﻮد از ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
Dishwasher (conveyor water sanitizing), per 100
dishes/h
‫ ﺑﺸﻘﺎب در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬100، (‫ﻇﺮﻓﺸﻮﻳﻲ )آب ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻲ ﻧﻮع ﻧﻘﺎﻟﻪ اي‬
Steam kettle, per quart of capacity
‫ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﻮرت‬، ‫ﻛﺘﺮي ﺑﺨﺎري‬
950 to 2000
dishes/h
5000 to 9000
dishes/h
13 to 32 qt
Sensible
Latent
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎن‬
Total
Sensible
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
3150
880
380
1260
410
1180
150
370
520
170
500
39
25
64
19
a) In cases where heat gain is given per unit of
capacity the heat gain is calculated by
multiplying the capacity by the recommended
heat gain per unit of capacity.
‫اﻟﻒ( در ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ در واﺣﺪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ داده‬
b) Standby input rating is for the entire
appliance regardless of size.
‫ب ( اﻧﺮژي ورودي ﻳﺪك ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ‬
‫ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺿﺮﺑﺪر ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬،‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد‬
.‫از اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
79
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ATTACHMENT 5
RECOMMENDED RATE OF HEAT GAIN
FROM SELECTED OFFICE EQUIPMENT
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
5 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات دﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﻛﺎر‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه‬
Appliance
Size
Maximum Input
Standby Input
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﺑﻌﺎد‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ورودي‬
(‫ورودي ﻳﺪك)رزرو‬
Recommended Rate Of
Heat Gain
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Watts
Btu/h
Watts
Btu/h
Watts
Btu/h
‫وات‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ‬
‫وات‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ‬
‫وات‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ‬
‫درﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫درﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫درﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Computer Devices
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
Communication/transmission
1800-4600
6140-15700
1640-2810
5600-9600
1640-2810
5600-9600
1000-10000
3400-34100
1000-6600
3400-22400
1000-6600
3400-22400
100-600
340-2050
90-530
300-1800
90-530
300-1800
2200-6600
7500-15000
2200-6600
7500-15000
2200-6600
7500-15000
870
3000
180
600
300
1000
1000-5300
3400-18000
500-2550
2160-9040
730-3800
2500-13000
1200-6500
4100-22200
1000-4700
3500-15000
1000-4700
3500-1500
90-200
300-700
80-180
270-600
80-180
270-600
1150-12500
3900-42700
500-5000
1700-17000
30-67a
copies/min
5800-22500
1700-6600
5800-22500
900
3100
1700-6600
6-30a
copies/min
1570-5800
460-1700
1570-5800
300-900
1000-3100
460-1700
1725
5900
1520
5200
‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬/‫ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮات‬
Disk drives/mass storage
‫ ذﺧﻴﺮه اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬/‫دﻳﺴﻚ ﮔﺮدان‬
Microcomputer/
16-640
(‫ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ )رﻳﺰ راﻳﺎﻧﻪ‬
Kbytes
word processor
‫ﭘﺮدازﺷﮕﺮ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت‬
Minicomputer
‫راﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬
Printer(laser)
(‫ﭼﺎﭘﮕﺮ )ﻟﻴﺰري‬
8pages/min
Printer(line, low speed)
(‫ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬،‫ﭼﺎﭘﮕﺮ )ﺧﻄﻲ‬
5000-more
High speed
‫ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ‬
Tape drives
Pages/min
‫ﻧﻮار ﮔﺮدان‬
Terminal
‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ‬
Copiers/Typesetters
‫ﻛﭙﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه – ﺣﺮوﻓﭽﻴﻦ‬
Blue print
1150-12500
3900-42700
‫ﭼﺎپ آﺑﻲ‬
Copiers(large)
(‫ﻛﭙﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ )ﺑﺰرگ‬
Copiers
‫ﻛﭙﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬
Phototypesetter
‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻜﺲ‬
(to br continued)
(‫)اداﻣﻪ دارد‬
80
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 5 (continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬5 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Appliance
Size
Maximum Input
Standby Input
‫وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﺑﻌﺎد‬
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ورودي‬
(‫ورودي ﻳﺪك)رزرو‬
Recommended Rate Of
Heat Gain
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
Watts
Btu/h
Watts
Watts
‫وات‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ‬
‫وات‬
‫وات‬
‫درﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Mail processing
‫ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﭘﺴﺖ‬
Inserting machine 3600-6800
pieces/h
600-3300
2000-11300
390-2150
1300-7300
600-6600
2000-22500
390-4300
1300-14700
200
48
160
3900-6600
575-960
1960-3280
1050
450
3580
1540
(‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه درج )ﻗﻄﻌﻪ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Labeling machine 1500-30000
pieces/h
‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬
30000)
‫ﺑﺮﭼﺴﺐ‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬
(‫درﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
Miscellaneous
‫ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ‬
Cash register
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺛﺒﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻧﻘﺪي‬
Cold food / beverage
‫ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺪﻧﻲ‬/‫ﻏﺬاي ﺳﺮد‬
Coffee maker
5120
Sensible
‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
‫ﻗﻬﻮه ﺟﻮش‬
Latent ‫ﻧﻬﺎن‬
Microwave oven
1 ft
a
600
2050
400
1360
250-3000
850-10200
200-2420
680-8250
700
2400
1750
6000
‫اﺟﺎق ﻣﻴﻜﺮووﻳﻮ‬
Paper shredder
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﺧﻮردﻛﻦ‬
8 gal/h
Water cooler
‫آب ﺳﺮدﻛﻦ‬
a) Input is not proportional to capacity
.‫ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻧﺪارد‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ورودي‬
81
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ATTACHMENT 6
RECOMMENDED RATE OF HEAT GAIN
FROM HOSPITAL EQUIPMENT
LOCATED
IN THE AIR CONDITIONED AREA
Appliance Type
Size
‫ﻧﻮع وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
3
Autoclave (bench)
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
6 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ از ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻪ در ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ‬
3
0.02 m (1 ft )
Maximum Input
Rating, Watts (Btu/h)
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻧﺮخ ورودي‬
Recommended Rate of
Heat Gain Wattsa (Btu/h)
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
(‫وات )ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
(‫وات )ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
1250(4266)
140 (1778)
750 to 1800 (2560 to 6143)
130 to 3105 (444 to 1058)
(‫اﺗﻮﻛﻼو )ﻣﻴﺰي‬
Bath, hot or cold circ., small
3.7 to 36.7 liters, - 30 to 100 ْ C
‫ آب ﺳﺮد و ﮔﺮم در ﮔﺮدش – ﻛﻮﭼﻚ‬،‫ﺣﻤﺎم‬
250 to 5901 (853 to 2014)
(1 Gal) (10 Gal) (86 to 212 ْ F)
Blood analyzer
120 samples/hour
735 (2508)
735 (2509)
115 samples/hour
1500 (5119)
1500 (5119)
8 to 24 places
1100 (3754)
1050 (3584)
-----
2000 (6826)
2000 (6826)
21460 (73242)
21460 (71242)
1100 (3454)
870 (2969)
0.14 to 0.28 m3, up to 55 ْ C (131 ْ F)
2830 (9659)
1410 (4812)
0.28 m3, 27 to 60 ْ C (80 to 140 ْ F)
720 (2557)
360 (1229)
.28 m3, 27 to 60 ْ C (80 to 140 ْ F)
1660 to 2260b (5666 to
7713)
850 to 1130b (2901 to
3857)
600 (17048)
600 (12048)
100 to 600 (341 to 2048)
88 to 528 (300 to 1802)
21900b (74744)
2970b (10136)
0.63 to 3.0 m3, 4 ْ C (39 ْ F)
880d (3003)
350d (1194)
0.20 to 0.56 m3, 4 ْ C (39 ْ F)
2680b (9147)
1060b (3618)
‫آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﻮن‬
Blood analyzer with CRT screen
CRT ‫آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﻮن ﺑﺎ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ‬
Centrifuge (large)
(‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻔﻴﻮژ )ﺑﺰرگ‬
Chromatograph
‫ﻛﺮوﻣﺎﺗﻮﮔﺮاف‬
Cytometer (cell sorter /analyzer)
1000 cells/second (-36 cells/hr)
(‫آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ‬/‫ﺳﻴﺘﻮﻣﺘﺮ )ﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﻠﻮل‬
Hot plate, concentric ring
4 holes, 100ْ C (212 ْ F)
‫ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﮔﺮم‬،‫ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
Incubator, CO2 (5 to 10 ft3)
‫ ﺗﺎ‬5) ‫ دي اﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ‬،‫اﺳﺒﺎب ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوب‬
(‫ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬10
Incubator, forced draft (10 ft3)
10) ‫اﺳﺒﺎب ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوب ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮران اﺟﺒﺎري ﻫﻮا‬
(‫ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
Incubator, general application (2 to
11ft3)
11 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬2) ‫ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬،‫اﺳﺒﺎب ﻛﺸﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوب‬
(‫ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
Magnetic stirrer
‫ﻫﻢزن ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺲ‬
Microcomputer
‫رﻳﺰ راﻳﺎﻧﻪ‬
Oven, general purpose, small (2 to 4 ft3)
--16 to 256 Kbytes C
0.04 to 0.08 m3, 240 ْ C (464 ْ F
(‫ ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬4 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬2) ‫اﺟﺎق– ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮره‬
Refrigerator, laboratory
‫ﻳﺨﭽﺎل – آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ‬
Refrigerator, blood, small (22 to 106 ft3
‫ ﻓﻮت‬106 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬22)‫ﻳﺨﭽﺎل ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺧﻮن‬
(‫ﻣﻜﻌﺐ‬
82
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 6 (continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬6 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Maximum Input
Rating, Watts (Btu/h)
Recommended Rate of
Heat Gain Wattsa (Btu/h)
‫ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻧﺮخ ورودي‬
‫ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
(‫وات )ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
(‫وات )ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
500 (1706)
500 (1706)
0.11 m3, 100 to 132 ْ C (212 to 270 ْ
F)
20900 (71331)
2370 (8089)
0.22 m3 load area
4460 (15221)
2930 (70000)
Appliance Type
Size
‫ﻧﻮع وﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻧﺪازه‬
Spectrophotometer
----
‫اﺳﭙﻜﺘﺮوﻓﻮﺗﻮﻣﻴﺘﺮ‬
Sterilizer, freestanding (4 ft3)
‫ اﻳﺴﺘﺎده‬،‫اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
Washer, glassware (8 ft3)
‫ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪه ﺷﻴﺸﻪاي‬
a- For hospital equipment installed under a hood,
the heat gain is assumed to be zero.
‫ ﺑﻬﺮه‬،‫اﻟﻒ( ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ زﻳﺮ ﻫﻮد ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬
.‫ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻓﺮض ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‬
b- Heat gain per cubic meter of interior space.
‫ب( ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ‬
c- Input is not proportional to memory size
‫ج( ورودي ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ‬
d- Heat gain per 10 m3 of interior space
‫ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻓﻀﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ‬10 ‫د( ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ در‬
e- Heat gain per liter of capacity
‫ﻫ( ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ در ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬
f- Sensible heat
(‫و( ﺣﺮارت ﻣﺤﺴﻮس )ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﺴﻮس‬
g- Latent heat
(‫ز( ﺣﺮارت ﻧﻬﺎن )ﮔﺮﻣﺎي ﻧﻬﺎن‬
83
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
ATTACHMENT 7
HEAT GAIN FROM TYPICAL ELECTRIC
MOTORS
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
7 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ از ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬
Location Of Motor and Driven Equipment with Respect Conditioned Space or Air streams
‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮﺗﻮر و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺘﺤﺮك ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻫﻮا‬
Motor
Nameplate Or
Rated Horse
Power
Motor
Type
Nominal
rpm
‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﻮﺗﻮر‬
‫اﺳﻤﻲ دور‬
‫ﺑﺮﭼﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﻳﺎ‬
‫در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ‬
‫اﺳﺐ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
0.05
0.08
0.125
0.16
0.25
0.33
0.50
0.75
1
1
2
3
5
7.5
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
75
100
125
150
200
250
Shaded Pole
Shaded Pole
Shaded Pole
Shaded Pole
Split Phase
Split Phase
Split Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
3- Phase
1500
1500
1500
1500
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
Full Load
Motor
Efficiency In
Percent
A
Motor In,
Driven
Equipment
In. (Btu/h)
B
Motor out,
Driven
Equipment
In. (Btu/h)
C
Motor
Driven
Equipment
In. (Btu/h)
‫راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻣﻮﺗﻮر‬
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮر داﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﺧﺎرج‬
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﻣﺘﺤﺮك‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺑﺎر‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫داﺧﻞ‬
‫درﺻﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮك داﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮك داﺧﻞ‬
(‫)ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺑﻲ ﺗﻲ ﻳﻮ در‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
360
580
900
1160
1180
1500
2120
2650
3390
4960
6440
9430
15500
22700
29900
44400
58500
72300
85700
114000
143000
172000
212000
283000
353000
420000
569000
699000
130
200
320
400
640
840
1270
1900
2550
3820
5090
7640
12700
19100
24500
38200
50900
63600
76300
102000
127000
153000
191000
255000
318000
382000
509000
636000
240
380
590
760
540
660
850
740
850
1140
1350
1790
2790
3640
4490
6210
7610
8680
9440
12600
15700
18900
21200
28300
35300
37800
50300
62900
35
35
35
35
54
56
60
72
75
77
79
81
82
84
85
86
87
88
89
89
89
89
90
90
90
91
91
91
84
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 8
8 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
EQUIPMENT SERVICE LIFE
‫ﻋﻤﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
Median
Median
Years
Equipment Item
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
Median
Years
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
Equipment Item
‫ﺳﺎل‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
Years
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
Equipment Item
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺎل‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ﺳﺎل‬
Air conditioners
Air terminals
Air –cooled
‫واﺣﺪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع‬
‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﻮا‬
‫ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮ‬
Window unit
10
Diffusers, grilles, and
registers
15
،‫ﭘﺨﺶ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاي ﺳﻘﻔﻲ‬
‫دﻳﻮاري و ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﭘﻨﭽﺮهاي‬
Residential single or split
package
‫واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﻳﺎ دو ﺗﻜﻪ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ‬
Commercial through-the-wall
15
Water- cooled package
20
15
20
‫ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻫﻮا و‬
‫دو ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻟﻪ‬
20
Evaporative condensers
20
‫ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬
VAV and double-duct
boxes
‫واﺣﺪ ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ آب ﺧﻨﻚ ﺷﻮﻧﺪه‬
condensers
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪهﻫﺎ‬
Induction and fan-coil
units
‫واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ و ﻓﻦ ﻛﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫ﻧﻮع ﺗﺠﺎري دﻳﻮاري‬
27
Insulation Molded
20
‫ﻋﺎﻳﻖ ﻗﺎﻟﺒﻲ‬
17
Blanket
24
‫ﭘﺘﻮﻳﻲ‬
Air washers
‫ﻫﻮاﺷﻮي ﻫﺎ‬
Heat pumps
Duct work
‫ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎي ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺎل ﻛﺸﻲ‬
Residential air-to-air
15b
‫ ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ‬- ‫ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
Commercial air-to-air
15
‫ ﺗﺠﺎري‬- ‫ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
Commercial water-to-air
19
‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي‬
Pipe-mounted
Fans
‫روي ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه‬
25
Centrifugal
20
‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه روي ﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬
‫دﻣﭙﺮﻫﺎ‬
Sump and well
10
10
‫ﭼﺎه و ﭼﺎﻫﻚ‬
Axial
20
‫ﻣﺤﻮري‬
‫واﺣﺪ ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﭘﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻣﻲ‬
Multizone
20
Dampers
Base-mounted
‫ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
Roof-top air conditioners
‫ﺗﻚ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي‬
Pumps
‫ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎدزن ﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﺗﺠﺎري‬- ‫آب ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا‬
Single – zone
30
15
15
Condensate
15
‫ﭼﮕﺎﻟﺶ‬
15
Propeller
‫ﭘﺮواﻧﻪاي‬
Reciprocating
20
‫رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ‬
Ventilating roof-mounted
‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﭘﺸﺖ ﺑﺎﻣﻲ‬
20
Engines
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎ‬
Steam turbines
‫ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
85
30
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
ATTACHMENT 8 (continued)
(‫ )اداﻣﻪ‬8 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
Equipment Item
Median
Median
Median
Years
Years
Years
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ﺳﺎل‬
Equipment Item
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
Dialers, hot water (steam)
Coils
(‫ آب ﮔﺮم )ﺑﺨﺎر‬،‫داﻳﻠﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻛﻮﻳﻞ ﻫﺎ‬
Steel water – tube
24(30)
25(25)
‫ﭼﺪن‬
35(30)
15
Electric
‫ﻛﻮره ﻫﺎ‬
Gas-or oil-fired
15
21
18
‫اﺳﺘﺎرﺗﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺗﻮري‬
Electric transformers
‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﻮرﻣﺮ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
Heat Exchanger
Controls
‫ﻣﺒﺪل ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﺎ‬
24
‫ﺳﺎل‬
18
17
30
20
Pneumatic
‫ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺸﺮده‬
20
Electric
‫ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮرﻫﺎي رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
Package chillers
Electronic
‫ﭼﻴﻠﺮﻫﺎي ﻳﻜﭙﺎرﭼﻪ‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ‬
Reciprocating
‫ﮔﺎز ﻳﺎ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻮز‬
Motor starters
Electric
Reciprocating compressors
‫ﻣﺸﻌﻞ ﻫﺎ‬
Furnaces
20
‫ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ و ﻟﻮﻟﻪ‬
Burners
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات‬
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
Shell – and – tube
‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
Equipment Item
Electric motors
DX, water, or steam
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻮﻻدي آﺗﺶ‬
Cast iron
‫ﺳﺎل‬
‫اﻧﺒﺴﺎط ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ – آب ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻮﻻدي آب‬
Steel fire – tube
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ‬
20
‫رﻓﺖ و ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ‬
16
15
Valve actuators
‫ﻋﻤﻞﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﺮ‬
Unite heaters
Centrifugal
‫واﺣﺪ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻨﻨﺪه‬
‫ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
Gas or electric
‫ﮔﺎزي ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
13
20
Hot water or steam
Radiant heaters
‫ﺑﺮﻗﻲ‬
23
Absorption
Pneumatic
‫ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺸﺮده‬
Cooling towers
Self –contained
15
20
10
‫ﺧﻮدﻛﻔﺎ‬
20
Galvanized metal
‫ﮔﺮم ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺗﺸﻌﺸﻌﻲ‬
Hydraulic
‫ﻫﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺑﺮج ﻫﺎي ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﻲ‬
‫آب ﮔﺮم ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
Electric
23
‫ﻓﻠﺰ ﮔﺎﻟﻮاﻧﻴﺰه‬
10
20
Wood
‫ﭼﻮب‬
25
Hot water or steam
Ceramic
‫آب ﮔﺮم ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر‬
‫ﺳﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬
34
a) Obtained from a nation-wide survey conducted
by ASHRAE TC 1.8 (Akalin 1986). Data
changed by TC 1.8 in 2004.
‫( ﻛﻪ در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬1986) ASHRAE ‫اﻟﻒ( اﻗﺘﺒﺎس از ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ‬
b) See Lovora and Hiller (1986) and Easton
Consultants (2000) for further information.
Lovora and Hiller ‫ب( ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻼع ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬
.‫ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ و اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬2004
‫( ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮد‬2000) ‫( و ﻣﺸﺎوران ﺷﺮﻗﻲ‬1986)
86
Nov. 2009 / 1388 ‫آذر‬
IPS-E-AR- 120(1)
9 ‫ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ‬
ATTACHMENT 9
(ODS
Acceptable Substitutes for CfCs (Class I
ODS *) In Household & Light Commercial Ac
Substitute (Name Used in the Federal Register)
Trade Name
(‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ )ﻧﺎم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه در ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﺪرال‬
‫ﻧﺎم ﺗﺠﺎري‬
*
1 ‫ )رده‬CFCs
‫ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي‬
‫در ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ﺗﺠﺎري ﺳﺒﻚ‬
Refrigerant Being
Replaced
Retrofit / New
‫ﻣﺒﺮد اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه‬/‫ﻣﺒﺮدﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺮد ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ‬
Evaporative / Desiccant Cooling
All CFCs
N
502
502
R, N
R, N
‫ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬/ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮي‬
R-407C
R-422C
Suva 407C, Klea 407 C
ICOR XL TI
Acceptable Substitutes for HCfCs (Class II ODS *) In Household & Light Commercial Ac
‫( در ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ و ﺗﺠﺎري ﺳﺒﻚ‬ODS* 2 ‫ )رده‬HCFCs ‫ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي‬
Substitute (Name Used in the Federal Register)
Trade Name
(‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ )ﻧﺎم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه در ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﺪرال‬
‫ﻧﺎم ﺗﺠﺎري‬
Refrigerant Being
Replaced
Retrofit / New
‫ﻣﺒﺮد ﻗﺪﻳﻢ‬/‫ﻣﺒﺮدﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺮد ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ‬
HFC-137a
THR-03
22
22
N
N
NOTE: this determination applies only to window- unit
residential air conditioning, and not to central air
conditioning systems.
‫ اﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻮﻟﺮﻫﺎي ﮔﺎزي ﭘﻨﺠﺮه اي ﻣﻨﺎزل‬:‫ﻳﺎدآوري‬
.‫ﻣﺴﻜﻮﻧﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد دارد و ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﺮﻛﺰي ﻧﻤﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
ISCEON 59, NU-22, R-417A
R-410A, R-410B
R-407C
R-507, R-507A
NU-22
Ammonia Absorption
Isceon 59, NU-22
AZ-20,Suva 9100,Puron
Suva 9000, Klea 66
AZ-50
NU-22
22
22
22
22
22
22
R,N
N
R,N
R,N
R,N
N
All HCFCs
HCFCS ‫ﺗﻤﺎم اﻧﻮاع‬
N
RS-44
Choice R421A
ISCBON MO29
RS-44
ICOR AT-22
ICOR XLT1
ICOR XAC1
KDD5
RS-45
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
R,N
ICOR AT-22
XAC1 , NU-22B
XLT1
22
22
22,402A, 402B, 408A
R,N
R,N
R,N
‫ﺟﺬﺑﻲ آﻣﻮﻧﻴﺎﻛﻲ‬
Evaporative/Desiccant Cooling
‫ ﺟﺬﺑﻲ‬/ ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮي‬
R-404A
R-125/134a/600a (28.1/70.0/19)
RS-44
R-421A
R-422D
R-424A
R-125/290/134a/600a(55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5)
R-422C
R-422B
KDD5
RS-45 (ASHRAE proposed designation :R-434A)
HP62
RS-45 (ASHRAE ‫ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدي‬R-434A)
R-125/290/134a/600a(55.0/1.0/42.5/1.5)
R-422B
R-422C
Key: R=Retrofit Uses, N=New Uses
‫= اﺻﻼح و ﺑﺮوز ﺷﺪه‬
ODS* = Ozone depletion Substitute
R ،‫ =ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬N :‫ﻋﻼﺋﻢ‬
‫ = ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻣﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻲ ﺳﺎزي ازن‬ODS*
87