McDer_OSmaps_1310 1
9/26/13 4:40 PM
WORLDWIDE OFFSHORE MOORING TRENDS (As of September 2013)
DESIGN & OPERATIONAL ISSUES
1 OTC 24214
2013 SEVAN MARINE
2 OTC 23814-MS 2012 HEIDEMAN / BLUEWATER
3 OMAE2011-49855 2011 SOFEC/DELFT UNIVERSITY
4 IDOTS D-09-004 2009 RESEARH & DEV./SOFEC
Op Experience with Cylindrical FPSO
Arctic Turret Mooring System
Squall Mooring Design
Mooring in Harsh Environments
CONNECTORS
25% 50% 75% 100%
100%
Ghana/Ivory Coast
Spread Moored
48%
Spread Moored
Turret Moored
48%
Turret Moored
20%
Spread Moored
80%
Tendon Moored
Tendon Moored 4%
Cameroon to Congo
11
South Africa
13
66%
Egypt/Libya/Tunisia
15
Spread Moored
50%
Spread Moored
50%
Turret Moored
Turret Moored
17%
Turret Moored
Tendon Moored
17%
Tendon Moored
Qatar/Iran/UAE
17
17%
83%
Tendon Moored
19
Thailand/Myanmar
Spread Moored
50%
Spread Moored
Turret Moored
50%
Turret Moored
Tendon Moored
25% 50% 75% 100%
100%
Turret Moored
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
25% 50% 75% 100%
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
0%
GRAPH 1: MOORING SYSTEM TRENDS BY REGION
25% 50% 75% 100%
AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND
SPREAD
MOORING
6.8%
MEDITERRANEAN/CASPIAN/
EGYPT/LIBYA/TUNISIA
5.0%
NIGERIA
5.0%
CAMEROON TO CONGO
4.1%
OTHER AFRICA
1.8%
OTHER AMERICAS
1.8%
OTHER ASIA
1.6%
Tedons
TURRET
CALM
SALM
TAUT
EXTERNAL
D/P
FIXED YOKE
D
SOFT YOKE
D
HAWSER
D
TUBULAR RISER & YOKE
D
CHAIN RISER & HAWSER
D
15%
20%
STEEL PIPE
COMBINED LINE
POLYSTER FIBER
WIREROPE
CHAIN
1B
FIBER ROPES
STEEL WIRES
ANCHORS &
SUCTION PILES
CHAINS
FAIRLEADS, CHAIN
STOPPERS, CHAIN JACKS
WINCHES
CONNECTORS,
SHACKLES, CHASERS
Fig. 2: Chain Jacks: Pusnes Roller RamWinches on Perdido Spar
Fig. 4: Chain Jack on Kikeh Spar Hull
AKER SOLUTIONS
akersolutions.com
ABS
eagle.org
BRIDON
bridon.com
AMOG CONSULTING
Amogconsulting.com
API
API.ORG
CORTLAND COMPANY
cortlandcompany.com
ARCELOMITTAL
Arcelormittal.com/
wiresolutions
COORDINATED
COMPANIES
ceccwrr.com
BRUCE ANCHOR
bruceanchor.co.uk
AMCLYDE
rokrem.com
BARDEX Corporation
bardex.com
BRUCE ANCHOR
bruceanchor.co.uk
CRP
crpgroup.com
BMT SCIENTIFIC
MARINE SERVICES
Scimar.com
LONDON MARINE
CONSULTANTS
londonmarine.co.uk
BOSKALIS OFFSHORE
boskalis.com/offshore
BUREAU VERITAS
Veritas.com
CSL ROPES
cslropes.com.br
BRIDON
INTERNATIONAL LTD
bridonltd.com
DAI HAN ANCHOR CHAIN
MFG. CO., LTD.
dhac.co.kr
CANYON OFFSHORE
helixesg.com
APPLETON MARINE, INC.
Appletonmarine.com
BROHL
Broehl.de
DELMAR SYSTEMS
delmarus.com
DCL MOORING & RIGGING
dcl-usa.com
FUGRO GEOS
Geos.com/
offshore-systems/
nov.com/Production/Floating_
Production_Solutions.aspx
CORTLAND COMPANY
cortlandcompany.com
DNV
DNV.ORG
DSR CORP
dsrcorp.com
BROOKFIELDWIRE
brookfieldwire.com
DCL MOORING & RIGGING
dcl-usa.com
CORTLAND COMPANY
cortlandcompany.com
BODEWES
bodewes.com
NOV
nov.com
FEUERSTEIN GMBH
feubo.com
DELMAR SYSTEMS
delmarus.com
INTERMOOR/PULSE
STRUCTURAL MONITORING
InterMoor.com
ORWELL OFFSHORE
orwelloffshore.com
HEEREMA MARINE
CONTRACTORS (HMC)
hmc.heerema.com
DEEPSEA GROUP LTD.
Deepseaeng.com
LLOYD’S REGISTER
LR.ORG
InterMoor
InterMoor.com
DCL MOORING & RIGGING
dcl-usa.com
DSR CORP
dsrcorp.com
DCL MOORING & RIGGING
dcl-usa.com
BROHL
Broehl.de
ROLLSROYCE
Rolls-royce.com
FIRST SUBSEA
firstsubsea.com
InterMoor
intermoor.com
MEASUREMENT
TECHNOLOGY NW
mtnw-usa.com.com
SBM
sbmoffshore.com
InterMoor
intermoor.com
DELMAR SYSTEMS
delmarus.com
SBM OFFSHORE
sbmoffshore.com
LANKHORST EURO NETE
lankhorsteuronete.com
InterMoor
InterMoor.com
HAMANAKA CHAIN MFG.
CO. LTD.
hamanaka-chain.co.jp
DELMAR SYSTEMS
delmarus.com
OIL STATES SKAGIT
SMATCO
Oilstates.com
SMITHBERGER
smithberger.com
FLINTSTONE TECHNOLOGY
flint-tech.com/subsea.html
NESSCO
Nessco.rig.net
SIGMA OFFSHORE
Sigmaoffshore.com
JUMBO OFFSHORE
Jumbo-offshore.nl
HOUSTON OFFSHORE
ENGINEERING
Houston-offshore.com
InterMoor
InterMoor.com
SIGMA OFFSHORE
SIGMAOFFSHORE.COM
SOFEC
sofec.com
TECHNIP
technip.com
OTS
otsas.no
KISWIRE LTD
kiswire.com
PARKER SCANROPE AS
scanrope.no
SAMSON
samsonrope.com
Aker Pusnes AS
akersolutions.com
AKER SOLUTIONS
akersolutions.com
BALLTEC
Balltec.com
BALMORAL
balmoral-offshore.com
ASTRO TECHNOLOGY
astrotechnology.com
BLUEWATER
bluewater.com
BOSKALIS OFFSHORE
boskalis.com/offshore
DELMAR SYSTEMS
delmarus.com
InterMoor
InterMoor.com
NOV
nov.com
JIANGSU ASIAN STAR
ANCHOR CHAIN CO. LTD
anchor-chain.com
MENCK
menck.com
PARKER HANNIFIN
CORPORATION
parker.com
KETTENFABRIK MESTER
GMBH
mesterkette.com
SOTRA ANCHOR &
CHAIN
SOTRA.NET
ROLLSROYCE
Rolls-royce.com
SPT OFFSHORE
sptoffshore.com
TIMBERLAND
EQUIPMENT
Timberland-group.com
VIKING SEA TECH AS
vikingseatech.com
MOORLINK
moorlink.com
KBR (GRANHERNE
SUBSIDIARY)
KBR.com
VIKING SEA TECH AS
vikingseatech.com
TEUFELBERGER
teufelberger.com/en
REDAELLI TECNA S.P.A.
redaelli.com
LAIWU STEEL ZIBO
ANCHOR CHAIN CO., LTD.
lgchains.com
LOC NORGE AS
LOC-GROUP.COM
VRYHOF
ENGINEERING Ltd.
Vryhof.com
TRION Co., Ltd
trioncorp.co.kr
SCANROPE
scanropemarine.com
MARIT
marit.fr
LONDON MARINE
CONSULTANTS
LONDONMARINE.CO.UK
InterMoor
intermoor.com
RAPP MARINE
Rappmarine.com
TIMBERLAND EQUIPMENT
Timberland-group.com
FRANKLIN OFFSHORE
INTERNATIONAL
franklin.com.sg
TRELLEBORG MARINE
SYSTEMS
Trelleborg.com/marine
NOV (FORMERLY APL)
SOFEC
sofec.com
STRAINSTALL
Strainstall.no
TRELLEBORG MARINE
SYSTEMS
Trelleborg.com/marine
GREENPIN
greenpin.com
Fig. 3: Chain Jacks Aker Solutions - Pusnes
RamWinches™ on the Devil’s Tower spar platform
in the Gulf of Mexico at a depth of 1,720m.
WFS SUBSEA
wfs-tech.com
SBM OFFSHORE
sbmoffshore.com
GUNNEBO JOHNSON CORP
gunnebojohnson.com
MOORLINK
moorlink.com
2HOFFSHORE
2hoffshore.com
SOUTHGATE MARINE &
OFFSHORE SERVICES LTD.
Southgatemarine.com
InterMoor
intermoor.com
OIL STATES
Oilstates.com
UNIROPE
unirope.com
WHITEHILL
MANUFACTURING
whitehillmfg.com
MCS KENNY
mcskenny.com
MOORING SYSTEM
SOLUTIONS PTY LTD.
(MOORSURE)
Moorsure.com.au
TOKYO WIRE ROPE
tokyorope.co.jp
USHA MARTIN
ushamartin.com
WASHINGTON CHAIN
& SUPPLY
wachain.com
OFFSPRING
INTERNATIONAL (OIL)
offspringinternational.com
RAMNAS BRUK AB
ramnas.com
VRYHOF ANCHORS B.V.
vryhof.com
Courtesy: Aker Solutions Pusnes
Fig. 5: Bardex Linear Chain Jack.
Chain is Mechanically Held at All Times.
Latches can not be released while under load.
Used for SPAR, FPSO, and TLP Mooring and
Tensioning Systems.
Seg. 4 - Short Chain Segment with
Rope to Chain (R2C) and Chain to
Rope (C2R) Connections
10
9
7
Fig. 6: BARDEX’s Moveable Chain Jack on LLOG’s Opti-EX Semi-FPS
SANMAR CHAIN
INTERNATIONAL PTE LTD.
sci-chain.com
LHR MARINE/FEURSTEIN
lhrmarine.com
15
13
SOTRA ANCHOR & CHAIN
Sotra.net
KOHLSWA GJUTERI AB
kohlswagjuteri.se
DETAIL 3
7250m x 107 mm R4 Chain
7A150 Ton Green Pin Super
Shackle
8 Polyester Mambo Shackle
91,350m x 1,000 MT Poly with
Thimbles
DETAIL 4
3 30.5m x 107 mm R4 Chain
4 Subsea Mambo Shackle
5A Delmar Subsea Connector (Male)
5BDelmar Subsea Connector
(Female)
6 Subsea Mambo Shackle
7 250m x 107 mm R4 Chain
DETAIL 5
2 Subsea Mambo Shackle
3 30.5m x 107 mm R4 Chain
MILLER LIFTING
millerproducts.net
Courtesy: BARDEX
Fig. 7: Bardex’s BarLatch Fairlead & Stopper
Fig. 10: BARDEX’s BarLatch Fairlead Stoppers On Total’s CLOV FPSO Hull
Fairlead & Stopper
Fig. 9: Fairlead Above Waterline
7
WASHINGTON CHAIN
& SUPPLY
wachain.com
ZHENGMAO GROUP CO. LTD.
Zszhongnan.com
E. Canada
FPSO
W. Africa
CALM
N. Sea FPSO
N. Sea
FPSO
Catastrophic Failure
W. Africa FPSO
12
N. Sea
FPSO
N. Sea Semi
10
S.E. Asia CALM
W. Africa FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
W. Africa FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
N. Sea STL Buoy
N. Sea FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
W. Africa FPSO
E. Canada FPSO
W. Africa FPSO
S.E. Asia CALM
N. Sea FPSO
GOM Spar
GOM Spar
W. Africa
W. Africa
W. Africa
W. Africa
FPSO
W. Africa CALM W. Africa FPSO N. Sea FPSO
FPSO
GOM Spar
FPSO
FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
W. Africa FPSO
W. Africa FPSO
Fig. 8: Bardex’s
BarLatch Fairlead
& Stopper
2. Lloyd’s Register Group Limited (LR): List 9a list of Approved Manufacturers of Chain Cable for Ships and Offshore Mooring
https://www.cdlive.lr.org/information/Documents/Approvals/ApprovedManufactures/list9a.pdf
Courtesy: NOV
4. Lloyd’s Register Group Limited (LR): List 11 Approved Manufacturers of Steel Wire Rope
https://www.cdlive.lr.org/information/Documents/Approvals/ApprovedManufactures/list11.pdf
Note 1: T he companies shown on this supplier matrix represent those companies that are service providers, component providers or manufacturers of the components.
C-Ray Media, Inc.
CHAIN
Graph 1 Courtesy: ExxonMobil Study on Mooring
Courtesy: BARDEX
3
0
0
1
2
3
2
2
1
4
Courtesy: Aker Solutions
5
2
1
6
POLYESTER ROPE
1
YOKE COLUMN
1
7
8
9
1
· Rig Skidding
· Seismic, Hurricane Restraints/Leveling
Corporate Headquarters in Goleta California,
Also in Houston and High Wycombe, UK
Bardex_OSmaps_1301 1
www.BARDEX.com
12/10/12 5:13 PM
3D Modeling & Animation | Graphic Design | Website Design & Development | Interactive Flash Programming
CRay_OSmaps_1310 1
www.c-raymedia.com
9/16/13 11:39 AM
cortlandcompany.com
CorCom_OSmaps_1310 1
19
17
20
20
15
13
11
20
20
07
09
20
05
03
20
20
Courtesy: NOV
9/30/13 9:54 AM
Fig. 10: LankoFirst’s Snap
Connector for Fiber Rope to Fiber
Rope (R2R)
Fig. 9: Flintstone Technology’s
FTL Subsea Mooring Connector
FIG. 3: MOORING LINE COMPONENTS
Drop Anchor/
6.
Torpedo Pile
Drag
Anchor
Fig. 11: LankoFirst’s Clam
Connector (Opened)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
clump weight
driven pile
drag anchor
suction pile
torpedo pile
vertical load anchor
5
Courtesy: First Subsea
Fig. 13: Closed Socket (Male
End) with Shackle, Wire Rope to
Chain (R2C)
15
10
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Fig. 15: Ballgrab Stab-In On Buoy
Fig. 16: Sister Connector – Fiber
Rope Thimble to Fiber Rope
Thimble (R2R)
Fig. 18: H Link With Padeye Chain
to Chain (C2C)
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Fig. 17: Open Socket &Y-Link Connectors, Wire Rope to Chain (R2C)
Fig. 14: Closed Socket (Male End)
Link for Wire Rope End,
Technology Indicated in Red
22
Anode
14
Handling Padeye
4
POLYESTER ROPE
1
YOKE COLUMN
1
Courtesy: First Subsea
0
5
10
15
20
25
No. of Breaks
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Fig. 20: Y-Link Connection Open
Wire Rope Socket to Chain (R2C)
Connection
Fig. 21: Thimble & Shackle
for Fiber Rope to Chain (R2C)
Connection
Fig. 22: ROV Operable H-Link
Fig. 19: First Subsea’s Ballgrab
SMC Male Connector with
Mooring Chain
3
2
SEMI
1
SEMI FPS
1
FSO
1
Courtesy: First Subsea
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
5
10
11.
8.
10.
12.
13.
15.
14.
Courtesy: Vryhof Anchor
Pipeline/
Flowline
Cooridor
(Typ.)
Fig. 2: Semi-FPS Mooring
Fig. 3: External Turret Moored FPSO
Pipeline/
Flowline
Cooridor
(Typ.)
Semi-FPS
Hull
Spar
Hull
4x3
Pattern
Pipeline/
Flowline
Cooridor
(Typ.)
FPSO
FPSO
3x4
Pattern
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
Fig. 5: Drilling Rig (MODU) Mooring
Fig. 6: Perspective of MODU Hull
and Mooring Lines
Fig. 7: TLP with Tendons
Pipeline/
Flowline
Cooridor
(Typ.)
Fig. 24 – Delmar’s
Subsea Mooring
Connector for Chain,
Wire Rope, and Polyester
Rope Combinations
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Chain
Fig. 23: Ballgrab Connector
Series II, ball and taper, Subsea
Mooring Connector (SMC) – Female Connector in Docking Porch
Ontop of a Suction Pile.
Fig. 25 – Balltec’s MoorLOK Connector On top of Suction Pile (C2C)
Courtesy: First Subsea
Figs. 25 & 26 Courtesy: Balltec
Connecting Link
(Pear Shape)
3x4
Pattern
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
Fig. 8 – Typical Pre-Set Mooring Pattern
On Seafloor (WHO DAT SEMI-FPS)
4 x 2 Pattern
(4 Col. x 2 Tendons/Col.)
Courtesy
Vryhof
Anchors
Courtesy:
Vryhof
Anchor
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
4 x 3 Pattern
Courtesy: LLOG & DELMAR US
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
Delmar SS Connector
Shackle
Pipeline/
Flowline
Cooridor
(Typ.)
4x3
Pattern
Fig. 4: Internal Turret Moored FPSO
Pipeline/
Flowline
Cooridor
(Typ.)
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
4x3
Pattern
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
13
7.
Courtesy Vryhof Anchors
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
GRAPH 5: MOORING SYSTEM FAILURES
BY FACILITIES TYPE (2001-2011)
2.
4.
6.
Bend Restrictor
Insulation Sleeve
CHAIN
5.
9.
VLA
(Vertical
Load
Anchor)
Courtesy Vryhof Anchors
Courtesy: First Subsea
Courtesy: LeBeon Manufacturing
(2001-2011)
CONNECTOR
Suction
Pile
3.
wire rope
wire rope socket
swivel
pearlink
shackle
H-link
polyester rope
H-link
shackle
pearlink
swivel
pearlink
chain
shackle
anchor point
OFFSHORE MOORING PATTERNS (FOR TEMPORARY & PERMANENT MOORING)
Fig. 12: Open Socket
(Female End) Link for Wire Rope
GRAPH 4: MOORING BREAKS/COLLAPSE
Shackle
Fig. 9: SPAR Mooring Pattern with 1 of 4 Corridors Used for Flow- Fig. 10: BP’s Quad 204 FPSO with 4x5 Mooring Pattern with 4
line, Water Injection Lines, Umbilicals, and Export Pipelines.
Corridors for Flowlines, and Umbilicals – Location UK Cont. Shelf
Fig. 11: Anchor & Mooring Avoidance
Zones - Typically 500' on each side.
Courtesy: HESS; Graphics By: C-Ray Media
Courtesy: LLOG & DELMAR US
Chain
Connecting Link
(Pear Shape)
Courtesy: Delmar US
Fig. 26 – Balltec’s MoorLOK Male Connector (C2C) with “Y” Link
15
No. of Failures
1
Additional Ref. Material: Mooring Integrity Guidance,
Nov. 2008; Published by The United Kingdom Offshore
Oil and Gas Industry Association Limited (Oil & Gas UK).
T +31 78 6969000
MEETING
YOUR EVERY
OFFSHORE
CHALLENGE
www.boskalis.com
marine.contracting@boskalis.com
BosOff_OSmaps_1310 1
Courtesy: SOFEC
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
5.
120°
Courtesy: First Subsea
TM
Drilling Systems
Courtesy: Vryhof Anchor
4.
Driven
Pile
Fig. 1: Typical Spar Mooring
No. of Mooring Component Failures
0
Age by Operational Year
Providing reliable mooring lines and services through
innovative engineering and materials, extensive
FIG. 10: ANCHOR TYPES
3x4
Pattern
0
www.c-raymedia.com/mooring
(3)
(1) Contracted by Petrobras to fabricate the Torpedo Piles.
(2) SEPLA is proprietary to InterMoor and is solely manufactured and installed by InterMoor.
(3) InterMoor does not manufacture DEAs or VLAs. However, they own, rent, and install these anchor
types.
(4) InterMoor is licensed by Petrobras to fabricate and install Torpedo Piles in GOM.
(5) OMNIMAX is the trade mark of Delmar.
(6) Also includes Stevmanta, and Stevshark anchors.
(7) Delmar maintains a large inventory of Drag Embedment Anchors (DEAs) and VLAs which they own,
rent, and install.
Fig. 7– LankoFirst Rope to Chain (R2C) Connector,
An Alternative to “H” Link
4
CONNECTOR
Production Mooring Systems
· Chain Jacks/BarLatch Fairlead Stoppers
· SCR Pull-in Systems
Figs. 8: Ballgrab Female
Connector Used on a Disconnectable Buoy for FPSO Turret
STL BUOY 0
1
Fig. 6: LankoFirst Rope to Rope (R2R) Clam Connector
for Permanent Mooring and MODU Applications
10
FPSO
3
1
Fig. 5: Inter-M Swivel
Connector for Chain to Chain
(C2C) 360° Rotation
5
WIRE ROPE
SPAR
2
(3)
3.
Year
4
1
3. Lloyd’s Register Group Limited (LR): List 9b Approved Manufacturers of Fittings for Chain Cable
https://www.cdlive.lr.org/information/Documents/Approvals/ApprovedManufactures/list9b.pdf
DETAIL 5
Figs. 2, 3, and 4 Courtesy: Lankhorst Ropes
Courtesy: Flintstone Technology
CALM BUOY
2
(7)
2.
Courtesy: InterMoor
(2001-2011)
GOM FPSO
6
6
(7)
Courtesy: SIGMA OFFSHORE
Fig. 11: CALM Buoy Mooring System
1.
Courtesy: InterMoor
WIRE ROPE
Yr 0 = Installation, Yr 1 = First Yr. of Operation
Fig. 11: Fairleads On Semi MODU Hull ColumnFairlead & Stopper
PLATE
Clump
Weight
W. Africa FPSO
Early Life Failure (Infant Mortality, First Yr. of Ops.)
Courtesy: BARDEX
(4)
GRAPH 3: MOORING COMPONENT FAILURES
GOM Spar
N. Sea FPSO
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Courtesy: BARDEX
Fig. 4: “Pear Link” Connector:
Rope to Chain (R2C)
Shackle Connection
for Suction Pile to
Chain Connection
3
Seg. 1 - Suction Pile
Pre-Installed Chain
Section
S. China FPSO
N. Sea FPSO
Fig. 3: “Y-Link” Connector:
Rope to Rope (R2R)
Figs. 6 & 7 Courtesy: Royal Lankhorst
S. China FPSO
Multiple Line Failures
GOM Spar
DEA
Typical mooring points vs water depth
Pre-Emptive Action/Replacement
6
Fig. 2: “H-Link” Connector:
Rope to Rope (R2R)
1
GRAPH 2: MOORING FAILURES BY YEAR (2001 -2011)
Prepared By University of Houston,
College of Technology, Petroleum Technology Initiative
3
Suction
Pile
8
(5)
Seg. 2 - Chain Section
DETAIL 3
Single Line Mooring Failures
14
4
THE CROSBY GROUP
thecrosbygroup.com
LIST OF APPROVED MANUFACTURES – For Mooring Chain, Anchors, Wire Rope
1. AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING: APPROVED MANUFACTURERS SHIP ANCHOR AND OFFSHORE MOORING CHAIN
(Updated weekly by ABS)
http://www.eagle.org/eagleExternalPortalWEB/ShowProperty/BEA%20Repository/AppProdsMFG/ApprovedListings/27CChain
4
2
(2001-2013)
16
Courtesy: BARDEX
5A
7A 7
5
VICINAY MARINE
Vicinaymarine.com
COMPANY NAME
DROP
ANCHOR
Components in a typical mooring line
8
20
VIKING SEA TECH AS
vikingseatech.com
VICINAY MARINE
Vicinaymarine.com
PILE
FLUKE ENGENHARIA (1)
Fig. 1: “H-Link” Connector:
Anchor to Polyester Rope
3
3
9
Graphs 2, 3, 4, and 5 Data Source is OTC Paper 24181 – Table 1 Data Analysis
UNIROPE
unirope.com
Fig. 9: InterMoor’s SEPLA Pre-Installation
OFFSHORE MOORING CONNECTORS: Connecting Mooring System Components Together
Delmar SS Connector for
Chain to Chain (C2C)
DETAIL 4
GRAPH 1: INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE – MOORING FAILURE AND PRE-EMPTIVE ACTION EVENTS
18
Fig. 10A & 10B:
Non-Disconnectible
Internal Turret
Mooring System
1.
MOORING SYSTEMS – INTEGRITY ISSUES ON FPSs
TECHNIP
technip.com
SMITH BERGER MARINE
smithberger.com
MANUFACTURERS
Courtesy: Bruce Anchor
Courtesy: InterMoor
Courtesy: DELMAR US
SUBSEA 7
le-beon.com
OCEANSIDE
EQUIPMENT LTD.
Courtesy: InterMoor
Fig. 7: Delmar’s Patented OMNIMAX Drop Anchor Fig. 8: InterMoor’s SEPLA (Suction Embedded
Plate Anchor)
7 6
5B
14
Trend: The purpose of this Section is to make the industry aware of integrity issues & trends with regards to Mooring
Systems for FPSs. According to OTC Paper 24181 the analysis “indicates a trend in which the intended design
performance of moorings does not meet operational performance”
Courtesy: BARDEX
LeBeon Manufacturing
le-beon.com
Courtesy: InterMoor
InterMoor
Seg. 3 - Fiber Rope
16 15
1 Suction Pile
DETAIL 1
1350m x 1,100 MT Poly
with Thimbles
14 Polyester Mambo Shackle
15 5 Special End Links
16 107 mm Chain Shackle
DETAIL 2
91,350m x 1,000 MT Poly
with Thimbles
10 Polyester Mambo Shackle
11 5 Special End Links
12 Polyester Mambo Shackle
1350m x 1,100 MT Poly with
Thimbles
2
WORLEYPARSONS
Worleyparsons.com
Courtesy: NOV APL
TABLE 4: ANCHOR MANUFACTURERS BY TYPE
Courtesy: InterMoor
DETAIL 2
MCDERMOTT
INTERNATIONAL, INC.
mcdermott.com
GROFSMEDERII
NIEUWKOOP B.V.
gnweb.com
Courtesy: SBM ATLANTIA
BRUCE ANCHORS
12 11
11
Courtesy: Aker Solutions Pusnes
EMAS AMC
emas.com
OFFSHORE INSTALLATION
SERVICES LTD. (OIS)
ois-ltd.com
Fig. 6: The Bruce DENNLA Mk4, Drag Embedment Near Normal Load Anchor (DENNLA)
Courtesy: DELMAR US
Seg. 7 - Chain Section
Mooring Failures
FLOATEC
Floatec.com
BLADT INDUSTRIES AS
bladt.dk
Fig. 5: Drag Embedment Anchor (DEA)
Courtesy: InterMoor
MOORING EQUIPMENT - WINCHES, FAIRLEADS AND CHAIN STOPPERS
Courtesy: Aker Solutions Pusnes
COLUMBUS MCKINNON
CORPORATION
cmworks.com
Courtesy: Vryhof Anchor
Courtesy: NOV APL
Seg. 1 - Chain Section at Anchor
Seg. 5 - Fiber
Rope
13
MOORING
SYSTEM
INSTALLERS/PM
ALLOY WIRE
INTERNATIONAL
alloywire.com
Fig. 4: Pile Anchor: Driven, Jetted, or Drilled
Seg. 2 -Wire Rope
Anchor
Orientation Tail
1D
Courtesy: Vryhof Anchor
Fig. 9: Single Angle Leg Mooring (SALM) & Loading System
VRYHOF ANCHORS
Fairleads
Seg. 6 - Chain
to Rope (C2R)
Connector &
Short Chain
MOORING BUOYS/
BUOYANCY
Figs. 1A & 1B Courtesy: InterMoor
Semi-FPS or MODU
CONNECTION DETAILS
ACCESSORIES
MODU Moorings are typically composed of
rented moorings:
• S tandard sizes of mooring ropes and
chains are used to design a system that
is adequate for the environmental criteria
• Connectors are made using enlarged end
links and specialty shackles
• Polyester ropes are used with thimbles to
maintain suitable D/d bending ratios
• Chain segments are used between the
polyester segments to maintain the
integrity of the polyester rope jacket and
filter barrier when handling the segments
on the deck of the installation vessel
Fig. 2: Taut Leg Moored Semi FPS with Suction Pile (Permanent Mooring)
Mooring Years in Service
MOORING LINE
COMPONENTS
Courtesy: NOV APL
DELMAR
25%
TURRET
DESIGNERS/
SUPPLIERS
Fig. 3: Vryhof Patented Stemanta
Omni-directional VLA
1D
OFFSHORE OIL & GAS MOORING SYSTEM & SERVICE COMPONENT PROVIDERS
MOORING SYSTEM
ENGINEERING
Seg. 3 - Chain with
R2C & C2R Connectors
1A
DETAIL 1
MOORING
MONITORING/
INSTRUMENTATION
Fig. 2: Vryhof Patented – Stevpris Mk6 Drag
Embedment Anchor
Courtesy: SIGMA OFFSHORE
Seg. 4 - Polyester
Fiber Rope with
Thimble Connectors
PILE
SHUTTLE
TANKER
FLNG SHIP
LNG SHIP
FPSO
SHIP
Worldwide Percentage (%)
Courtesy of University of Houston, College of Technology,
Petroleum Technology Initiative
Present
Fig. 8: Yoke Mooring System for Shallow Water Applications
VLA (Vertical Loaded
Anchor) with
Orientation Tail
1C
P
D/P
Proven
Not Proven
Turret Moored
10%
OFFSHORE ANCHOR
TYPES
MOORING LINE TYPES
CHART 1: OFFSHORE MOORING SUPPLIER MATRIX (AS OF SEPT., 2013)
MOORING
CLASSIFICATION &
CERTIFICATION
Figs: 1A & – Suction Piles with skid rails being
installed from stern of installation vessel
Seg. 5 - Chain 2 with
R2C & C2R Connectors
LEGEND
Spread Moored
5%
1B
P
INTERNAL
Fig. 7: Permanent External
Turret With Wet Mooring Table
ANCHOR TYPES FOR OFFSHORE MOORING
1C
Fig. 1: PUSNES Rotary Windlass
0%
Seg. 7 - Chain with
R2C & C2R Connectors
Seg. 6 - Polyester
Fiber Rope with
Thimble Connectors
P
TENDONS & AP TENSION
5.0%
ANGOLA
CATENARY
BUOY
NON-SHIP FPSO
8.7%
MALAYSIA/INDONESIA
SPAR
CONTROL BUOY
11.2%
TLP SEMI
LOADING/PROD.
BUOY
CHINA/VIETNAM/THAILAND/
MYANMAR/PHILIPPINES
MODU
CELL SPAR
12.1%
GOM
PERMANENT/PRODUCTION
CLASSIC SPAR
14.8%
TEMPORARY
TRUSS SPAR
NORTH SEA
MOORING SYSTEMS
CONVENTIONAL
& MINI-TLP
PRODUCTION
SEMI
22.1%
FLOATEL
BRAZIL
Fig. 6: External Turret With Dry Mooring Table
Data Courtesy of Quest Offshore & Analysis by University of Houston, College of Technology, Petroleum Technology Initiative
Seg. 1 Chain Section
at Anchor
25% 50% 75% 100%
Courtesy of University of Houston, College of Technology,
Petroleum Technology Initiative
OFFSHORE STRUCTURE TYPES
OTHER SOURCES - BOOKS, E-BOOKS, WEB SITES
1BOOK: DEEPWATER MMORING SYSTEMS - Concepts, Design, Analysis, and Materials
Edited by Jun Zhang, Richard Mercier; 2003, 360 Pages
2E-BOOK: JIP FPS MOORING INTEGRITY (2006), 313 Pages
www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr444.pdf
3E-BOOK: VRYHOF 2010 ANCHOR MANUAL; 188 Pages; www.vryhof.com/anchor_manual.pdf
4E-BOOK: Classification of Mooring Systems for Permanent Offshore Units (April, 2012);
54 Pages
www.veristar.com/content/static/veristarinfo/images/4851.32.493NR_2012-04.pdf
5ON-LINE COURSE: Technology University of Delft (Netherlands);
http://ocw.tudelft.nl/courses/offshore-engineering/offshore-moorings/course-home/
6BOOK: The Unviersity of Texas Publication: Spread Mooring Systems, 2nd Edition;
http://www.utexas.edu/ce/petex/aids/pubs/spread-mooring/
7BOOK: Engineers Design Guide to Deepwater Fibre Moorings, By Oil Pub (2005)
Courtesy of University of Houston, College of Technology, Petroleum Technology Initiative
0%
Seg. 8 - Polyester
Fiber Rope with
Thimble Connectors
Seg. 9 – Chain
Sections
Prepared By: University of Houston, College of Technology,
Petroleum Technology Initiative & Amy Hendrix, GIS Consultant
TABLE 3: THE APPLICATION OF MOORING SYSTEMS vs. OFFSHORE FACILITY TYPES
Fig. 5 – Disconnectible External Mooring Buoy
Wire Rope to Chain
(R2C) Connector
PLATE ANCHOR
0%
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
DEA
25% 50% 75% 100%
DRIVEN PILE
0%
25% 50% 75% 100%
Data Source: UH Research, Mustang Engineering/Offshore Magazine, and Quest Offshore Databases for mooring system data and Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, and the GIS User Community for the world map data.
MOORING PATTERNS, TYPES, CONFIGURATIONS
Courtesy: NOV APL
1A
SUCTION PILE
0%
Courtesy: NOV APL
Fig. 4: TLP Moored with Tendons
Installation Year
Seg. 10 - MODU Chain
MOORING ANCHORS
MAP
1,000 M
3,280 ft.
Courtesy: Delmar US
>20 Yrs.
MODU (Mobile Offshore Drilling Rig)
Tendon Moored
MOORING SYSTEM ELEVATIONS
Fig. 1: Spread Moored
500
1,640 ft.
OFFSHORE MOORING LINES – SAMPLE ASSEMBLIES
Fig. 1: Elevation View of Polyester VLA Taut-Leg Preset Mooring Leg (Temporary Mooring)
Spread Moored
Tendon Moored
Fig. 3: External Turret with
Dry Mooring Table
0
Up to
10 Yrs.
Up to
15 Yrs.
New Zealand
26
100%
Catenary and Taut describe the way the mooring
line is suspended in the water column. Catenary
systems have parabolic shape. Taut system mooring
lines hang in a straight line between two points.
Courtesy: SIGMA OFFSHORE
0%
9
Fig. 2: Disconnectible Internal Turret Mooring System
Courtesy: BRIDON
Courtesy: SIGMA OFFSHORE
Turret Moored
North Sea
7
TYPES OF MOORING SYSTEMS
Courtesy: HESS
LIFE SPAN
(Yrs.)
1. NON-GALVANIZ ED
WIRE ROPE
2. GALVANIZED
SPIRAL STRAND
3. SHEATHED
SPIRAL STRAND
Tendon Moored
0%
• Used for Polyester Mooring Lines with suction piles.
• Preferred mooring system type for long life deepwater
production facilities.
• 40% reduction in footprint compared to Catenary Type.
STEVPRIS (6)
MOORING LINES
CLASS SOCIETIES GUIDANCE DOCUMENTS ON MOORING SYSTEMS & INSTALLATION
Class societies regulate the implementation of the guidelines set forth in the standards by
giving specific steps to follow for class approval of a mooring system or installation.
1. American Bureau of Shipping (ABS): www.eagle.org then go to Resources > Rules &
Guides > Downloads
2. Bureau Veritas: www.veristar.com/wps/portal/bvrules
3. DNV GL: www.dnv.com/resources/rules_standards/index.asp
4. Lloyd's Register: www.webstore.lr.org/category/1-marine.aspx
HMPE Fiber for DW Mooring
Evaluation of Advance Fibers
Fiber Mooring - Recent Experiences
Changes in Update of AP RP 2SM
Hurricane Proof Mooring System
Polyester Mooring Line RED HAWK System Design & Verif.
MAD DOG Polyester Mooring
100%
• Used for chain/wire rope/chain mooring lines.
• Preferred mooring system type for deepwater MODUs for
temporary mooring.
• Has a larger footprint compared to Taut System.
BRUCE
MK4 & MK5
©2013 Offshore
MOORING EQUIPMENT
MOORING STANDARDS
1 API Spec 2F - Mooring Chain (1997) - Currently in Revision
2 API RP 2I - In-service Inspection of Mooring Hardware for Floating Structures (2008).
3 API RP 2SK - Design & Analysis of Stationkeeping Sys. for Floating Str. (Add.2008)
4API RP 2SM - Recommended Practice for Synthetic Fiber Ropes (Add. 2007) A new
revision is currently in the Balloting Phase.
5 ISO 19901-7 Station-keeping systems for floating offshore structures (Rev)
6 ISO 19904-01 Floating offshore structures
7 2GEO - Geotechnical Analysis of Mooring Anchors - Is a new standard in development.
8 2MIM - Mooring Integrity Management. Is a new standard to be released.
9 DNV GL: http://www.dnv.com/resources/rules_standards/index.asp
INTEGRITY & LESSONS LEARNED
1 OTC 24025-MS 2013 BP/TOTAL/SHELL
Mooring System Integrity Issues
2 OTC 24181
2013 GRANHERNE (KBR)
Lessons Learned from FPS Moorings
3 ISOPE I-12-563 2012 AMOG CINSULTING & Others SCORCH JIP - Chain Corrosion
4 OTC 21012-MS 2010 SOFEC
Anchor Leg System Integrity
5 OTC 19198-MS 2008 STRESS ENGINEERING
Polyester Mooring Integrity
6 OTC 17499-MS 2005 NOBLE DENTON & Others Floating Prod. Mooring Integrity JIP
SYNTHETIC FIBER MOORING SYSTEMS
1 OTC 23333-MS 2012 DYNEEMA/LANKHORST
2 OTC 22218
2011 STRESS ENG.
3 OTC 20838
2010 DEMLAR SYSTEMS
4 OTC 20836-MS 2010 BP & Others
5 OTC 20155-MS 2009 SAMSON/DELMAR
6 OTC 18768-MS 2007 TENSION TECHNOLOGY
7 OTC 17247-MS 2005 TECHNIP/KERR-MCGEE
8 OTC16590
2004 BP/STRESS ENG/UNION
MOORING INTEGRITY
25% 50% 75% 100%
Spread Moored
Turret Moored
Taut Leg Mooring System Key Attributes
SEPLA (2)
MOORING SYSTEM INSPECTION, TESTING, AND QUALIFICATION
1 OTC 24184-MS 2013 WELAPTEGA MARINE LTD. Risk Based Inspection Plan
2 OTC 24080-MS 2013 SBM/LANKHORST
THUNDER HAWK Fatigue Testing
3 OMAE2012-84067 2012 InterMoor
Microbiological Corrosion
4 OTC 20779
2010 WELAPTEGA MARINE LTD. In-Service Inspection Spread Moored
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
Catenary System Key Attributes
Sakhalin
25
SERVICE VESSEL
PLANNING & INSTALLATION OF DEEPWATER MOORING SYSTEMS - VARIOUS PROJECTS
1 OTC 23223
2013 COOEC/COTEC
LIUHUA 11-1 FPS Mooring Upgrade
2 OCT 23083-MS 2012 LLOG/WHITEHILL/DELMAR WHO DAT Project Mooring System
3 ISOPE I-10-470 2010 OFFSHORE OIL ENG. CO.
STP Moooring System in China
4 OTC 21018-MS 2010 InterMoor/ATP OIL & GAS MIRAGE/TELEMARK MinDOC Mooring
5 OTC 18587-MS 2007 ENTERPRISE
INDEPENDENCE HUB Mooring Sys
6 OTC 17294-MS 2005 TECHNIP/DOVE MARINE RED HAWK Spar Mooring System
7 OTC 16702-MS 2004 SHELL/HEEREMA
Na Kika DW Mooring Project
0%
Tendon Moored
The poster is divided into distinct sections and
each section is marked by a background color. The
color denotes the subject section. This color code is
carried throughout the poster. Below are the color
code designations for each of the themes.
Go to www.onepetro.org to order the OTC (Offshore Technology Conference), SPE (Society of
Petroleum Engineers), and ISOPE (The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers) papers
listed in Table 2.
Recommended Papers, Manuals, and other documents
for additional knowledge
25% 50% 75% 100%
Mauritania
6
100%
Tendon Moored
26
Courtesy: C-Ray Media
VLA
13
Fig. 2: Taut Leg Mooring System
DEA
Tendon Moored
GRAPH 3: WIRE ROPE
LIFE SPANS
WIRE ROPE
TYPE
Turret Moored
SEMI SUBMERSIBLE
DRILL SHIP
(DP RIG)
TABLE 2 – OTHER OFFSHORE MOORING INFO. SOURCES
POSTER COLOR CODE KEY
23
Spread Moored
SINGLE POINT MOORING
RTM
Riser Turret Mooring
R2R
Rope to Rope Connector
R2C
Rope to Chain Connector
SALM Single Anchor Leg Mooring
SCM
Spread Catenary Mooring
SEA
Suction Embedded Anchor
SEMI
Semi Submersible
SEPLA Suction Embedded Plate Anchor
SM
Spread Mooring
SP
Suction Pile
STM
Spread Taut Mooring
STP
Submerged Turret Mooring
TLP
Tension Leg Platform
VLA
Vertical Loaded Anchor
Anchor Pile
Chain-Poly-Wire
Chain & Wire
Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring
Chain To Rope Connector
Chain To Chain Connector
Drag Embedded Anchor
Driven Pile
External Turret
Floating Production Storage & Offloading
High Holding Power
Internal Turret
Jacket Soft Yoke
Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit
108
5
25% 50% 75% 100%
Philippines
24
28%
Turret Moored
Country/Region
AP
C&P&W
C&W
CALM
C2R
C2C
DEA Dr. P
ET
FPSO
HHP IT
JSY
MODU
POSTER
12
72%
0%
Information Accuracy: We have attempted to use correct and current, as of press time, information for the mooring systems and equipment described herein. No installed, sanctioned,
nor pending application was intentionally excluded. We have summarized the capability and operating experience by acting as a neutral party and integrator of information. Information
has been collected from public sources, company brochures, personal interviews, phone interviews, press releases, industry magazines, vendor-supplied information, and web sites. No
guarantee is made that information is accurate or all-inclusive. Neither University of Houston nor Offshore Magazine guarantees or assumes any responsibility or liability for any party’s
use of the information presented. If any information is found to be incorrect, not current, or has been omitted, please send comments to: jchristi@central.uh.edu and gksheridan@uh.edu.
3
Spread Moored
Figs. 1, 2, & 3 Courtesy: BRIDON
0%
Brazil
5
ABS: Judy Murray, John Stiff and Kenneth Huang; Aker Solutions: Tom Plank, and John-Otto Nilsen; Balltec: Martin Bell, and Emma Corrie; Bardex: Stephen Jones; Bluewater
Industries, Inc: Jamie Armstrong; Bridon: Chris Leonard, Tony Tarabochia, and Troy Rybicki; Bruce Anchor: David Ledgerwood; C-Ray Media: Connie Gray, Nanette McNair,
Samara Barks, and Jalil Whitmore; DCL Mooring & Rigging: Rick Hall Doris, and Richard D. Haun; Delmar US: Even Zimmerman, and Robert Garrity; First Subsea: Valerie
Pylypiw, and Greg Campbell-Smith; Grahherne: Richard D’Sourza and Sai Majhi; InterMoor: Jonathon Miller, Florence Kosmala, and Todd Veselis; Lankhorst Ropes: Geeske
Terpstra; LeBeon Manufacturing: Aurelien Le Floch, and Clement Mochet; MODEC: Ken Turner; National Oilwell Varco: Charyl Smerek, Geir Hovde, and Tatjana Tanya Brestovac;
Parker Hannifin Corporation: Brian Compton, and Eldon E. Thomas; Pennwell: Jessica Tippee, Mary Sumner, Roger Kingswell, and Daniel Bernard; Quest Offshore: Matt Gross,
and Paul Hillegeist; Sigma Offshore: Allan Millmaker; Tex Ocean: Donnie Newman; Vrhof Anochors: Erik Rykers, and Thomas Agnevall
22
Fig. 10: Mooring Chain & Suction Piles Ready for Loadout & Installation
Fig. 9: Studded Mooring
Chain used at mud line
& host facility. Chain
actual field life performance is 15–20 years
vs. typical design life of
20 to 25 years.
20
University of Houston and Offshore Magazine wish to acknowledge the following individuals and companies who continue to support our efforts
to educate and inform the oil and gas industry on the status of mooring systems.
Tendon Moored
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
Fig. 1: Catenary System
1,500 M
4,921 ft.
01
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTORS
21
11
3. MOORING CHAIN
93%
Turret Moored
Courtesy: BRIDON
20
10
7%
Courtesy: Royal Lankhorst
99
9
Spread Moored
Courtesy: Royal Lankhorst
20
100%
Australia
23
24
97
Spread Moored
Turret Moored
19
18
Fig. 3: Comparison of Typical Mooring Configurations
& Line Type by Water Depth
2,000 M
6,562 ft.
19
2
25% 50% 75% 100%
Fig 3: Sheathed Jacket around
spiral strand increases service life
> 20 years.
95
Canada/US Atlantic
Polyester Fiber Rope
Chain/Wire Rope
2,500 M
8,202 ft.
6%
0%
20
The usage of polyester fiber rope
(green squares) is a growing
trend for mooring systems on
Past
Future
deepwater production facilities
installations.
19
25% 50% 75% 100%
9/12/13 9:18 AM
66%
Tendon Moored
17
3,000 M
9,842 ft.
28%
Turret Moored
6
Fig. 7: Cross Section of
Lankhorst’s MODULINE Polyester Fig. 8: Cross Section of
Fiber Rope
Polyester Mooring Lines.
93
1
Tendon Moored
TABLE 1 – ABBREVIATIONS
Spread Moored
15
Fig. 5 – Lankhorst’s Polyester Fiber Rope on Deployment Reel Offshore
Indonesia
22
16
14
8
100%
25% 50% 75% 100%
Courtesy: Royal Lankhorst
19
25
particle filter layer to limit the ingress of abrasive particles and marine
finish on load bearing elements enhances the resistance to yarn on yarn
abrasion ensures long term performance for field life in excess of 20 years.
GRAPH 1: CHAIN/WIRE ROPE VS. POLYESTER ROPE USAGE MOORING SYSTEM TREND
91
4
Peru
10%
0%
Increasing Performance Life of Fiber Rope – The inclusion of a
Fig 2: Spiral Strand galvanized or
coated high tensile wire. Service
life span up to 15 Years.
19
25% 50% 75% 100%
50%
89
7
Courtesy: Bridon
40%
19
4
25% 50% 75% 100%
Malaysia
Tendon Moored
0%
1455 West Loop South, Suite 400
Houston, TX 77027
Tel: 713-963-6200 Fax: 713-963-6296
www.offshore-mag.com
0%
Tendon Moored
Tendon Moored
E
25% 50% 75% 100%
• Polyester rope gives a "softer" mooring system than steel wire rope; and therefore host motions are more compliant and riser friendly.
• Better Vortex Induced Motion (VIM) response to loop currents than Chain-Wire-Chain system.
• Affords smaller SCR departure angles.
• Allows the use of a significantly smaller turret buoy on FPSOs for enhanced safety and project viability.
• Up to 50% reduction in costs compared to conventional catenary mooring system.
• Approximately 80% reduction in wet weight of tension members (i.e. ropes) when converting from Wire to Polyester. The vertical mooring force on the
platform is reduced by 50%. This reduction in wet weight and forces therefore increases usable payload.
• Up to 50% reduction in mooring pre-tension.
• Polyester rope does not corrode and there is no need for corrosion allowances on the diameter of the polyester like there is on chain and wire.
87
N
0%
Turret Moored
0%
I
25% 50% 75% 100%
Spread Moored
D - DISCONNECTABLE
P -PERMANENT
The University of Houston
www.uh.edu Tel: 713 743 2255
4800 Calhoun Road Houston, TX
77004-2693
Z
Tendon Moored
Tendon Moored
0%
78%
21
Turret Moored
A
Turret Moored
Turret Moored
Spread Moored
G
50%
100%
3
A
25% 50% 75% 100%
Turret Moored
22%
Advantages of Polyester for Mooring Lines
19
0%
Spread Moored
Colombia/Venezuela
Spread Moored
E-Mail Comments, Correction or Additions to: jchristi@central.uh.edu and gksheridan@uh.edu
M
Tendon Moored
50%
Fig. 4: Components of Typical Polyester Fiber Rope for Deepwater Mooring Fig. 6: Lankhorst’s Fiber Rope with Torsional Reference Lines
85
Tendon Moored
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
100%
Turret Moored
Spread Moored
2. FIBER ROPE (Typically Polyester)
Fig. 1: Wire Rope for Deepwater
MODU (Drilling Rigs) Mooring Lines
Cross Section (6 x 34) – Life span
up to 10 Years.
19
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
100%
Turret Moored
9%
Tendon Moored
Spread Moored
1. WIRE ROPE
83
25% 50% 75% 100%
41%
Turret Moored
Tendon Moored
Spread Moored
China/Vietnam
20
19
32%
Turret Moored
50%
India
18
81
Spread Moored
Caspian Sea
16
19
Prepared by: Manoochehr Bozorgmehrian, Manjunath Terwad, and Vani Aparna Peri – Former Graduate Students, University of Houston
With Assistance From: Jack Christiansen and Galina Sheridan of the University of Houston, College of Technology, Petroleum Technology Initiative,
www.uh.edu/technology/pti; Kurt Albaugh of Repsol E&P USA; David Davis, Mary Sumner and Jessica Tippee of Offshore Magazine;
Jonathan Miller of InterMoor; and Amy Hendrix GIS Consultant
25%
68%
Adriatic/Italy
14
79
2
0%
25% 50% 75% 100%
0%
Spread Moored
Tendon Moored
34%
Tendon Moored
OCTOBER 2013
Turret Moored
75%
Angola
12
19
9%
Turret Moored
Trends & Technology
Spread Moored
57%
Nigeria
10
DelSys_OSmaps_1310 1
MOORING LINE CONFIGURATIONS
77
Spread Moored
Spanish Mediterranean
MOORING LINE COMPONENT TYPES: WIRE ROPE, POLYESTER FIBER ROPE, AND CHAIN
19
8
9/30/13 9:58 AM
75
GOM
1
www.delmarus.com ï 1-337-365-0180
EMAS_OSmaps_1310 1
19
MOORING SYSTEMS FOR OFFSHORE
FLOATING INSTALLATIONS
DELMAR
Delmar Systems
PROVEN MOORING SOLUTIONS FOR FPSO AND FLNG
WWW.LONDONMARINE.CO.UK
OMNI MAX ™
7/9/13 9:34 AM
68ñ2 0 1 3
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19
IntermRev_OSmaps_1310 1
Learn more
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DRIVEN PILE
© 2013 McDermott International, Inc. All rights reserved.
19
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www.amogconsulting.com
AmoCon_OSmaps_1310 1
9/16/13 11:43 AM