Western Expansion
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Oregon Country (Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and parts of Montana)
o Claimed by the US, Great Britain, Russia, and Spain
o 1818, the US and Great Britain agreed to occupy it jointly. Since Spain and Russia had few
settlers in the area, they dropped their claim. (especially after the Monroe Doctrine)
Mountain Men
Missionaries
o Marcus and Narcissa Whitman were among the 1st missionaries to reach Oregon. Narcissa was
one of the 1st white women to cross the Rocky Mts.
o Why did they go to Oregon?
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o What happened to them?
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Oregon Trail – Independence, Missouri
o Prairie Schooners
o Independence, Missouri
o Hardships -----
Lone Star Republic
o Tejanos
o Empresarios
o Fight for Independence
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o Annexing Texas
Manifest Destiny
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New Mexico Territory and California
o Santa Fe Trail
Election of 1844 – James Polk
Mexican War
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; Gadsden Purchase
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Mormons
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Gold Rush
o Sutter’s Mill –
o Forty-niners
California admitted as a state.
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Western Expansion,
The Reform Movement,
And
Two Ways of Life
The Reform Movement
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American Colonization Society – wanted to set up a colony in Africa for Free Blacks. In 1822,
President Monroe helped them establish Liberia.
Abolition movement
o Abolition – to end something (like slavery)
o Freedom’s Journal – antislavery newspaper by Samuel Cornish and John Russwurm
o Frederick Douglass –
o William Lloyd Garrison –
o Underground Railroad –
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 Harriet Tubman
o Nat Turner’s Revolt
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Women’s Rights Movement –
o Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
o Grimke Sisters
o Sojourner Truth
o Susan B. Anthony
o Seneca Falls Convention
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o Emma Willard and Mary Lyon established Mount Holyoke in 1837 (Massachusetts). It was the
1st women’s college in America.
o Elizabeth Blackwell – 1st Female ________________
o Dorothea Dix – tried to improve care for mentally ill and prison reform
Education Movement –
o Horace Mann
o Reverend Thomas Gallaudet set up a school for the deaf in Hartford, CT.
o Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe directed 1st school for the blind and he invented Braille.
Temperance Movement – campaign against drinking
o Several states banned the sale of alcohol.