Bellringer
• Which event or development between 1800
and 1861 do you believe is most important
in causing the Civil War? Why?
Reading Review
~partners should split the following tasks then share &
discussion the results~
Evolution of Political Parties
• Trace the development of
political parties between
1832 and the Civil War
– When did each party
develop?
– What were the platforms
each party?
– Who supported each party
(state & people)?
– Who were the major figures
of each party?
Presidents
• Update the Presidents
chart with the Presidents
between 1836 and 1860
based on your reading
notes
2nd party system
Democrats
• Agriculturalists
• States rights
• Often more popular in
South
• Favored external
expansion
Whigs
• Industrialists
• Federal rights
• Often more popular in
North
• Favored internal
expansion
Evolving Politics
• 1840: Democrats (states rights)
vs. Whigs (federal power)
• 1848: Dems, Whigs, Free Soil
(moderates resisting spread of slavery)
• 1854: Dems vs. Republicans
3rd party system
Democrats
• Agriculturalists
• States rights
• Pro-Slavery
• Mostly South
•
•
•
•
Republicans
Industrialists
Federal rights
Anti-Slavery / Free-Soil
Exclusively North
Parties & Presidents
‘40: Dems/Whigs • 1840: Harrison/Tyler (Whigs)
• 1844: Polk (Dems)
‘48: Dm/Whg/FrS • 1848: Taylor/Fillmore (Whigs)
• 1852: Pierce (Dems)
‘54: Dems/Rep
• 1856: Buchanan (Dems)
Parties, Presidents, & Events
Dms/Whg
‘40: Tyler(?)
‘44: Polk(D)
54040’
Oregon Compromise,
Texas, Mexico, Wilmot
The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or Fight!
 By the mid-1840s,
“Oregon Fever” was
spurred on by the
promise of free land.
 The joint British-U. S.
occupation ended in
1846.
The Mexican War (1846-1848)
The Mexican Cession
Wilmot Proviso
Provided, territory from that, as an
express and fundamental condition to
the acquisition of any the Republic of
Mexico by the United States, by virtue
of any treaty which may be negotiated
between them, and to the use by the
Executive of the moneys herein
appropriated, neither slavery nor
involuntary servitude shall ever exist
in any part of said territory, except for
crime, whereof the party shall first be
duly convicted.
Congr. David Wilmot
(D-PA)
Parties, Presidents, & Events
Dms/Whg
‘40: Tyler(?)
‘44: Polk(D)
Dm/Whg/FrS ‘48: Fillmore(W)
54040’
Oregon Compromise,
Texas, Mexico, Wilmot
California, Tom’s Cabin,
Compromise of 1850
The 1848 Presidential Election Results
√
Problems of Sectional Balance
in 1850
ß California statehood.
Compromise of 1850
Harriet
Beecher
Stowe
(1811 – 1896)
So this is the lady who
started the Civil War.
-- Abraham Lincoln
Uncle Tom’s
Cabin
1852
 Sold 300,000 copies in
the first year.
 2 million in a decade!
Parties, Presidents, & Events
Dms/Whg
‘40: Tyler(?)
‘44: Polk(D)
Dm/Whg/FrS ‘48: Fillmore(W)
‘52: Pierce(D)
54040’
Oregon Compromise,
Texas, Mexico, Wilmot
California, Tom’s Cabin,
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Neb Act,
Popular sovereignty
1852 Presidential Election
√ Franklin Pierce
Democrat
Gen. Winfield Scott
Whig
John Parker Hale
Free Soil
1852
Election
Results
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians”
(pro-slavery
Missourians)
Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings.
ß Other miscellaneous opponents
of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Parties, Presidents, & Events
Dms/Whg
‘40: Tyler(?)
‘44: Polk(D)
Dm/Whg/FrS ‘48: Fillmore(W)
‘52: Pierce(D)
Dems/Rep
54040’
Oregon Compromise,
Texas, Mexico, Wilmot
California, Tom’s Cabin,
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Neb Act,
Popular sovereignty
‘56: Buchanan(D) Dred Scott, Lecompton
1856 Presidential Election
√ James Buchanan
Democrat
John C. Frémont
Republican
Millard Fillmore
Whig
1856
Election
Results
Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857
What caused the
Panic of 1857??
What were its
affects on the nation?
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate)
Debates, 1858
A House divided against
itself, cannot stand.
Stephen Douglas
Popular
Sovereignty?
John Brown’s Raid
on Harper’s Ferry, 1859
1860
Election
Results
Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860