Africa & Latin America:
The Atlantic Network
Chapter 19 & 20
Era of Global Interaction
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European exploration perhaps exemplified by
Columbus in 1492
But, don’t forget about Henry the Navigator
Remember?
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European’s new technologies
Succession of European maritime powers
1.
2.
3.
4.
Portugal (1400s)
Spain (1500s)
Dutch (1600s)
Britain (1700s)
Creating a Maritime System
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European exploration fosters a new type of
empire building:
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Control of port cities, shipping lanes, & profits
rather than territory
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Dominance & territorial gain was gradual
European enclaves limited to coasts
Less imposition of culture on locals
Imperialism?
1450-1750 constitutes the first wave of
European imperialism
 “Imperialism”
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
Root of word = the act of building an empire
More broadly = umbrella term that includes
different types of imperialism, like colonialism, but
commonality of one country economically
dominating another
Thus, 1450-1750 is not the “Age of
Imperialism” yet, but it does begin
The Atlantic Network
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Summarized by: Sugar! Silver! Slaves!
Africa & Latin America dominated by
Portugal & Spain

Because they’re the 1st explorers…
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Other Europeans must take lands or fight for scraps
Spain & Portugal motivated by:
 Gold! God! Glory!
Africa & the Atlantic Network
Chapter 20
Postclassical Legacy
• Bantu migrations
• Gold-Salt Trade
–Vibrant powerful kingdoms culturally
& economically enriched by trade
• Mansa Musa
Portuguese Arrive
• Why the Portuguese?
– Treaty of Tordesillas
• agreement b/t Spain & Portugal in
1494 in which
• Spain got rights to all lands west of
the line of demarcation &
• Portugal got all lands east.
Portuguese Tap Existing Trade
• Send factors (agents / merchants)
• Build forts to protect lucrative trade
(“factories”)
• Capitalize on pre-existing trade
(previously spurred by Islam)
– Gold, slaves
Factories: El Mina
Factories : El Mina
African Rivalries
• Trade w/
Europeans
brings power &
opportunities
– African societies
jockey for trade
– Greater
willingness to
trade slaves
African Dependence
• Thirst for revenue & power
ultimately led Africans to be
dependent on European trade for
slaves
Process of the Slave Trade
Moving Summarization
Hand signals to review sequence.
Example:
• 5 Pillars
• American Revolution
– Stamp Act -> Taxation -> Declaration of
Independence -> Revolution ->
Surrender -> George Washington
Moving Summarization
Review your notes:
• Use hand/arm movements to relay
the steps of the Atlantic slave trade
from their source to their destination.
Creation of a Triangle Trade
Modern Slavery?
-Read your article about modern slavery.
-Then analyze how slavery has changed & stayed
the same since the 1500s
Trans-Atlantic vs. Modern Slavery
Summarize article for partners. Causes?
Effects? Parties involved?
Changes?
Continuities?
Modern Slavery?
• Based on the article, complete 5 of the following.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
I predict that…
I was reminded of _________________ when I read…
__________________________ happened because…
I wonder…
A question I have is…
I’m confused about…
The big ideas are…
West & Central African Kingdoms:
Asante, Dahomey, Benin, Kongo
West & Central African Kingdoms:
Asante, Dahomey, Benin, Kongo
• Those who participate in slave trade:
– Become larger, more militarized & more
centralized
– Wealthy enriched & empowered
– Competed to win favor & trade
advantages from the Europeans
Kongo
• What is the lesson learned from Kongo’s
experience?
– African leaders pressured to satisfy European
demands or become targets for slave raiders
– Some Africans resisted
– Resistance often led to decline
• Lost power militarily & economically to participating
neighbors
• Spector of wealth sometimes led African merchants
& nobles to circumvent royal decrees
What a person says is impacted by
who they are and where they are
• This is known as “point of view” in WHAP
– explaining how the circumstances and
background of the author affect a document
• Some things that impact pov:
– Political ideology, Class, Race, Religion,
Nationality, Profession, Gender
• Not simply bias – everyone is biased
Common Ways to Address POV
Analyze the point of view of King Afonso.
– “_________(author) emphasizes
_________(content) because ________(circumstance).”
– “_________(author) attempts to persuade
_________(content) because ________(circumstance).”
– “_________(author) attempts to justify
_________(content) because ________(circumstance).”
Comparing W.Af & E.Af
Similarities
Differences
Comparing W.Af & Southern Africa
Similarities
Differences