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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
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Packet
Chapter 2 Packet
Ch 2 Vocabulary Cards
2.1 Review Homework
2.3 Cooking Mining Lab
2.1 Mineralogy Lab
Ch 2 Study Guide
2.3 Mineral Resources RHW
Ch 2 Mineral Test
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
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Chapter 2 Vocabulary List
Ch Vocab
(5 points for following directions) (5 points for completing the assignment.)
Directions for Vocabulary Cards:
1. Cards must be NEATLY written on Index Cards. Cards may not be typed!
(Use half a card per word)
2. First card should be a title card.
Chapter Number, Number of cards, Full name and period must appear on
this card.
2. On the front of the card write the word, on the back write, the definition.
3. Initial each card in the bottom right on the term side.
Chapter 2
Minerals
21 Cards
Michael Botti
Mineral
pd 1
A naturally occurring,
inorganic solid, that
has a crystal structure
and a definite
chemical composition.
Ch 2 Minerals (21 Words)
Section 1
1. Mineral
2. Inorganic
3. Crystal
4. Element
5. Compound
6. Mixture
7. Mohs Hardness Scale
8. Streak
9. Luster
10. Density
11. Cleavage
12. Fracture
13. Florescence
Section 2
14. Magma
15. Lava
16. Solution
17. Vein
Section 3
18. Gemstone
19. Ore
20. Smelting
21. Alloy
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2.1 Notes
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
1. Naturally Occurring:
2. Inorganic
5. Crystal Structure
3. Solid
4. Definite Chemical Composition
Element
Compound
Mixture
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.1 Review
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
What will I Do?
How do I do it?
What was the result?
1. Identify the color of the mineral.
2. Identify the luster of the mineral.
3. Identify the streak of the minerals.
4. Test the magnetism of the mineral.
5. Test the reaction of the mineral to
acid.
6. Identify the hardness of the mineral.
7. Calculate the density of the mineral.
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.1 Notes
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
1. _______________________ is an easily
2. ______________________ is the color of
observed physical property. Not the best
the minerals powder when it is rubbed
property to use to identify because many
against a ___________________ plate.
minerals like ___________________ can
This property does not vary like the color of
come in a variety of
the mineral can.
____________________.
4. Crystal Structure
5. _______________________- is a
mineral that easily splits along flat
surfaces.
6. _____________________ describes
how a mineral looks when it breaks
apart
3. ______________________ is used to
describe how a mineral reflects light from
its surface.
____________________ luster- looks like a
metal.
____________________ does not look like
a metal, can be glassy, dull, earthy, waxy
and pearly.
7. Special Properties
______________________ - glows under UV
(ultraviolet light)
________________________- acts like a
magnet
________________________- give off
radiation- Uraninite
________________________- reacts by fizzing
________________________- electric current
can be produced (___________)
Used in _______________,
__________________
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
2.1 Notes
5. Density- is the ________________ in a
given ___________________.
It always ___________________ the
_____________ for any given mineral.
Hardness:
1.
2.
Other Hardness’s
3.
A ___________________ would be used to
measure the mass of a sample.
Softest known mineral.
It flakes when scratched
by a fingernail.
The sample can be placed in a
___________________ cylinder to
determine the volume.
4.
A fingernail can easily
scratch it.
A fingernail cannot
scratch it, but a copper
penny can.
5.
6.
A steel nail can scratch it.
Cannot be scratched by a
steel nail, but it can
scratch window glass.
8.
9.
_____________ ______________ (how
much water is moved is equal to the
volume of the sample) is used to determine
the volume of the sample.
Mass
40
40
35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
A steel nail can easily
scratch it.
7.
Density
Volume
Can scratch steel and hard
glass easily.
Can scratch quartz.
10.
Can scratch topaz.
Hardest known mineral,
Diamond can scratch all
other surfaces.
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.1 RHW
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
Understanding Main Ideas
Fill in the blanks to complete the table below.
Mineral Property
Test
Building Vocabulary
Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct definition
on the line beside the term.
______8. cleavage
a. the property of glowing under ultraviolet light.
1.
Perform scratch test
______9. streak
b.
how a mineral reflects light from its surface.
2.
Observe surface of mineral
______10. luster
c.
a substance composed of a single kind of atom.
3.
Observe color of powder on
unglazed tile
______11. compound
d. the property of splitting evenly along flat surfaces.
4.
Observe how mineral reflects
light
______12. fluorescence
e.
5.
Find mass per unit volume
______13. fracture
f. how a mineral breaks apart when it does not split
evenly.
6.
Observe number and angle of
crystal faces
______14. Mohs hardness
scale
g. the repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles in a
solid.
7.
Break mineral apart to see if it
splits along flat surfaces
______15. crystal
h.
______16. element
i. a ranking of minerals from softest to hardest.
two or more elements chemically joined.
the color of a mineral’s powder.
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.1 RHW
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
19. Compare and contrast a compound and a mixture.
17. List the five characteristics necessary for a substance to be a mineral.
(What makes a mineral a mineral?)
a.
b.
c.
Determine the volume of the mineral placed in each graduated
cylinder. Then calculate the density of the mineral. Use page
52 to identify the mineral.
d.
e.
18. Rank the following minerals from hardest to softest on Mohs hardness scale.
Calcite, Apatite, Quartz, Diamond, Topaz,
Talc, Corundum, Feldspar, Gypsum, Fluorite.
Hardness:
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Mineral
20.
21.
40
40
40
40
35
35
35
35
30
30
30
30
25
25
25
25
20
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
10
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
Mass
72.8g
Mass
Density
Volume
72.8g
Density
Volume
Mineral
Mineral
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.1 Lab
Mineral
Prentice Hall p- 46-55
Color
Luster
(metallic or
Nonmetallic
Streak
Color
Hardness
Magnetic
Reaction
To Acid
Density
Uses and Special Properties
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.3 Video
Video Questions
1. How many minerals does it take to make a
TV?
7. Why is copper important?
13. How many federal laws protect the
environment?
2. What are some examples of products from
minerals?
8. What was hematite once used for?
14. Why are stone quarries important?
3. What mineral does film contain?
9. What is iron mixed with to create steal?
15. How are minerals that are close to the
surface mined?
4. What element is most important in
computers?
10. What have minerals been used for
throughout history?
16. How much of the worlds electricity is
fueled by coal?
5. What are the minerals of limestone and
shale used for?
11. Why have mining methods changed over
the past few years?
17. What is reclamation?
6. What percent of the Earth’s surface has not
been touched by mining?
12. What must be fulfilled before mining can
begin?
18. What are some reasons for why it
important to recycle?
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
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2.3 Video
1. One of the largest mining trucks is
as tall as a two-story house and
weighs as much as:
a. William “Refrigerator” Perry.
b. 6 jumbo jets
c. The Empire State Building
Video Quiz
7. What is it called when a modern miner
returns land to a useful condition?
a. Renovation
b. Reclamation
c. Restoration
11. Farmers use this mineral-based
product to replace nutrients in the soil.
a. Insecticide
b. Fertilizer
c. Compost
8. What is the most common metal in
Earth’s crust?
a. Aluminum
b. Gold
c. Silver
12. This mixture of sand, cement and
stone hardens when it dries.
a. Concrete
b. Steel
c. Bronze
3. Percentage of Earth’s surface that
has been or is being mined?
g. 50%
h. 25%
i. 1%
9. When two minerals are mixed
together, the resulting compound is
called:
a. A solution
b. A mixture
c. An alloy
13. How can everyone help conserve our
mineral resources?
a. Recycling
b. Buying many products we
don’t need.
c. Panning for our own gold.
4. Most modern mines were first
discovered by:
j. A large corporation
k. An individual geologist
l. Bart Simpson
10. Most metals were formed by molten
rocks that cooled, called?
a. Sedimentary rocks
b. Igneous rocks
c. Metamorphic rocks
5. A mineral important for film and
photo processing is:
m. Silver
n. Copper
o. Clay
11. A liquid metal, also called quicksilver:
a. Limestone
b. Diamond
c. Mercury
2. How many minerals were used to
make your TV?
d. 2
e. 19
f. 35
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
2.3 Lab
Lab Activity Sheet
Name of Cookie Mine
Price of cookie
Mining
Chewy $3.00
Chips Ahoy $5.00
Chips Deluxe $7.00
Size of cookie
$
Start Time
# of Squares covered.
End Time
Total Minutes
x $1.00
Equipment
Flat
Toothpick
Reclamation
x $2.00
squares x $2.00
Round
Toothpick
$
$
x $4.00
$
x $6.00
Paper Clip
Total cost of mining
and Reclamation
Chip Removal
$
Number of Chips
x $2.00
Total cost of cookie
and equipment
$
Value of Chips
$
Value of Chips
$
Total Cost of equipment +
Mining and Reclamation
$
Profit / Loss
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2.3 Activity
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Activities
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Mi
2.3 Notes
Prentice Hall p- 62-65
Metals
Gemstones
Valued:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
Sources:
Used For:
Uses of
Minerals
Useful For:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
3.
5.
4.
4.
6.
Other useful Minerals
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Talc
6. Fluorite
7. Quartz
8. Kaolin
9. Gypsum
10. Corundum
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Mi
Prentice Hall p- 62-65
2.3 Notes
1. Chalcopyrite
2. Hematite and Magnetite
3. Bauxite
4. Galena
Prospecting-
SmeltingOres-
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
3.
4.
5.
Other:
Mining1.
4. Environmental Issues
2.
3.
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Prentice Hall p- 62-66
2.3 RHW
Understanding Main Ideas
Fill in the blanks to complete the table below.
Mineral(s)
1.
2.
7. Why are alloys useful? Describe an example
Use(s)
tools, machinery, light-bulb
filaments, steel girders
jewelry, decoration, mechanical parts,
abrasives
3.
glass, electronic equipment
4.
wallboard, cement, stucco
Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.
5. What are the three types of mines?
Building Vocabulary
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
8. A(n) ____________________ is a solid mixture of two or more
metals.
9. A(n) ____________________ is a rock that contains a metal or
economically useful mineral.
10. A process in which an ore is melted to separate the useful metal
from other elements the ore contains is called
_________________________.
6. Describe the smelting of iron ore.
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Mi
2.3 RHW
Prentice Hall p- 62-66
An alloy is a solid mixture of two or more metals. There are
thousands of different alloys, and people use them for many
different purposes. The table below lists some important alloys and
their uses.
11. Do all alloys contain only two metals? Give evidence for your
answer.
12. What metals does a pewter cup contain?
13. What alloy would you use to join metal parts? Explain why.
14. What is the difference between brass and bronze?
15. Why are superalloys used for spacecraft?
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
Mi
SG
Study Guide
1. What are the five things that make a mineral a mineral?
a.
6. What is a solution? Give an example.
b.
c.
7. How are you able to tell if a mineral is harder than another
mineral?
d.
e.
2. What does inorganic mean?
8. Besides hardness, what are 7 other properties that can be used
to identify minerals? Briefly describe each and know how to
test a mineral for each of them.
a.
3. Is a pencil organic or inorganic?
b.
c.
4. What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
d.
e.
5. Is salt water a mixture or compound?
g.
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Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
12. What are the three types of mines? Describe each.
9. What is the name of the hardness scale used to rate the hardness
of minerals?
a.
10. Know the hardness of the following items in the chart below.
b.
Hardness
Mineral
Hardness
1
Mineral
Steel Nail
c.
Fingernail
Glass
13. What is density, write the equation.
Copper Penny
14. What instrument is used to measure mass? What are the units
for this measurement?
10
11. Know what each of these minerals looks like and be able to
explain a use for the following minerals:
Halite
Graphite
Quartz
15. What instrument is used to measure liquid volume? What are
the units for this measurement?
16. What branch of Earth Science are we currently studying?
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Mi
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
SG
Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
______ 1. Friedrich Mohs invented a system
a. to smelt two kinds of iron ore.
b. to use explosives to find mineral deposits underground.
c. to find minerals on the ocean floor.
d. to describe and compare hardness of minerals.
______ 6. What is a narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is sharply
different from the surrounding rock?
a. fracture
b. vein
c. crystal
d. ore
______ 7. Stainless steel is an example of a useful
a. ore.
b. gemstone. c. alloy.
d. crystal.
______ 8. A mineral that splits apart easily along flat surfaces has the
property called
a. cleavage. b. crystal shape. c. fracture. d. hardness.
______ 2. The purpose of adding coke to the iron ore in a blast furnace is
______ 9. Earthy, silky, waxy, metallic, and pearly are terms used to
a. to add hematite to the final product.
describe a mineral’s
b. to eliminate one kind of iron from the iron ore.
a. streak.
b. luster.
c. color.
d. density.
c. to heat the iron so that it separates from other elements
in the ore.
______ 10. Which of the following is NOT one of the six crystal
d. to cool down the hot furnace.
systems?
______ 3. The minerals that make up most of the rocks of Earth’s crust
a. cubic
b. tetragonal c. triclinic
d. metallic
are called
Completion Fill in the line to complete each statement.
a. rock-forming minerals.
b. ores.
c. mineral deposits.
d. gemstones.
11. In a process called ______________________, an ore is melted to
separate the useful metal from other elements in the ore.
______ 4. Color alone cannot be used to identify a mineral because
12. The property of______________________ is the mass of the mineral
a. only a few minerals always have their own
sample per unit volume.
characteristic color.
b. luster usually hides a mineral’s true color.
13. A(n) ______________________ mine is used when ore deposits
c. the color of most minerals is hidden by veins.
occur in veins.
d. color and streak are never the same color.
14. Table salt is made from deposits of the mineral
___________________.
______ 5. The size of a mineral’s crystals depends on which of the
following?
15. A rock that contains a metal or other economically useful mineral is
a. the mineral’s crystal group
called a(n) ______________________.
b. the solution from which the mineral formed
c. the smelting process in which the magma formed
16. The branch of Earth Science we are currently studying is
d. the rate of cooling of the magma or solution from which ______________________.
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the mineral formed
Name:_____________________________________ Period:________ Date:_________________
True or False
If the statement is true, write true. If it is false, change the underlined
word or words to make the statement true.
_________________ 17. A miner is anyone who searches for an ore
deposit.
_________________ 18. Minerals form when a hot water solution
cools and the minerals crystallize.
26. Besides hardness, what are seven other properties that can be used
to identify a mineral?
27. What does inorganic mean and is a pencil organic or inorganic?
_________________ 19. The mineral silver is used in the making of
glass.
_________________ 20. A substance is organic if it did not arise from
materials that were once part of a living thing.
28. What is the difference between a mixture and a compound and is
saltwater a mixture or compound?
_________________ 21. The vast majority of minerals are compounds.
22. What five characteristics does a piece of quartz have that can be
used that make it a mineral?
29. List a use for Graphite and Quartz?
23. In what two general ways do minerals form? Give an example of a
mineral that forms in each way.
30. List and describe the three types of mines.
24. When feldspar breaks apart, it splits easily at right angles. When
quartz breaks apart, it produces curved, shell-like surfaces. What
properties are being tested here?
31. Write the equation for density, what tools are used to determine it?
25. Is the way a mineral splits or breaks apart enough to enable you to
identify it? Why or why not?
32. KNOW MO’s HARDNESS SCALE and all Examples from it.!
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