Human Development
8th grade
Human development is…
• The scientific study of
how people change as
well as how they stay
the same over time.
Infant
• Head is 1/4th the size of their entire
body.
• They have fontanels or open spaces in the
skull.
• Learns to hold up head, sit up, crawl and
walk.
• They learn through their senses, and put
everything in their mouth, so keep small
objects away.
Toddler
• They learn how to walk, but are not
steady on their feet.
• They speak in 1-2 word sentences.
• Temper tantrums occur often.
Early Childhood
• They practice fine motor skills by
learning to write, color, tie shoes,
and button buttons.
• They have a difficult time learning to
share because they are egocentric.
• They participate in cooperative play.
• They learn language quickly.
Middle childhood
• Gross motor skills become athletic
as they participate in sports.
• They can read.
• Also known as school age.
Adolescent
• Physical changes are rapid, for
example puberty.
• Acceptance by peer group is of major
importance.
• They are figuring out who they are
and who they want to be, also known
as self-concept.
Adulthood
• They focus on family and career.
• Health peaks and then decreases.
Late Adulthood
• Bodies take longer to recover from
illness.
• Decline in income.
• Answer your bell work
question on page 3.
Put these in order…
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Sit-up
Walk
Tie-shoes
Read
Self-concept
Career
Income decreases
Nature
• Nature is your genes
_______. The
personality
physical
_______ and _________
traits determined by your
genes stay the same no
matter where you were born
and raised.
Nurture
• Nurture refers to your
childhood or how you
_______,
were brought up.
• Answer the bell work on page 4.
Infant Care
YOU!
• An infant’s
head is
1/4
________
the size of
their entire
body.
infant
Fontanels:
Open spaces in the
skull
Other facts:
• Infants enjoy and respond
to their mother’s face.
They learn through their senses.
The only way they can
communicate is through crying.
Shaken Baby Syndrome:
A baby can suffer
severe damage if shaken.
It can just be a slight
shake.
Shaken Baby Syndrome:
Damage caused by
shaking a baby:
BRAIN DAMAGE
RETARDATION
LEARNING
DISABILITIES
PHYSICAL
DISABILITIES
PARALYSIS
BLINDNESS
and DEATH
may occur.
• A HAND SLAP on the face of an infant
under 15 months can cause similar
damage
• THROWING a child up in the air and
catching it
• TWIRLING a child under age 2 by it’s
arms or legs
• BOUNCING ROUGHLY on knee/foot
can also have damaging affect on baby
• One shaken baby in four dies.
• Of the thousands that survive death,
serious injury usually occurs.
• "SBS" victims range in age from a
few days to a few months old; the
average is six months.
• Almost 80% of the perpetrators of
Shaken Baby Syndrome are male
SIDS=
Sudden
Infant
Death
Syndrome
SIDS is the
sudden and
unexplained
death of an
infant who is
younger than 1
year old
How should a baby sleep?
Infants need…
Bonding
• Emotional attachment to a child
Kangaroo Care
• Skin to skin contact with a premature
baby
• The Importance of Touch
• A Touch Can Speak Louder Than
Words
• Think about the times when you’ve
felt sad or alone. Didn’t a hug from a
friend make you feel better? Or
remember when you fell in love and
you felt warmth when you held your
partner’s hand and put your arms
around one another?
• A Touch Says, “I Care”
• Touch is important for healthy
emotional development and
communication between parents and
babies. For example, Eskimo babies
tend to be calm and cry very little.
This is because they communicate
directly through touch while being
carried skin-to-skin on their mothers’
• 5
Child Safety
• Answer your bell work
question on page 5.
Giving Directions to
children…
• Make sure your directions are
appropriate for the age
group, for example only give a
toddler a __________
SIMPLE
command that is 2 steps or
less.
–Do not ask
Yes
No
______/_______
questions.
choices
• Offer them _________
instead
• Generally, when a child is
having a temper tantrum,
ignore
you ____________
the
tantrum, the child will calm
down. Remove the child
from the
audience
_____________.
• You should tell
children what they
should do, not
what they should
not do. This is
called
Positive
speech .
_____________
You need to
mention the
desired action that
you want to have
occur.
Your Box
•
•
•
•
•
•
Put outlet covers in your outlets
Protect your sharp corners
Lock your cabinet
Test toys for choking hazards
Put Mr. Yuk on the poisons
Protect your stove knob
What was your poor
purchase?
Answer your bell work
question on page 7.
A consumer is a person who
uses a good or service.
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Write a letter
Call the company
TO DO
1.Make a small poster about
your organization
1.Who are they?
2.Why do I contact?
2.Write notes about all of
the organizations
3.Solve your problem on
page 8
Students please…
1. make a small poster
-What is it?
Why would I contact them?
2. take notes from the other
groups (pg7)
3. Get a “?” and solve your
complaint (pg8)
• Answer your bell work
question on page 9.
Play is the work of
children!
Playtime!
• Today you are going to play with your
learn
child. Children _________
through
play. Play expands children’s
understanding of themselves and the
world
_________
around them.
The stages of play…
• Solitary Play:
Plays alone, infants and young toddlers
• Parallel Play:
–Plays alongside not with another child,
toddler
• Cooperative Play:
Plays with others, preschoolers
PIES!
PHYSICAL
• Dealing with the body
INTELLECTUAL
• How we think
Emotional
• Dealing with feelings
SOCIAL
• Interacting with others
Physical Skills
Physical Skills
Fine Motor Skills
Using small muscle
ex: zipping zippers
Gross Motor Skills
Using large muscles
ex: walking
FINE
GROSS
Bell Work:
Answer the question on page 12
Objective: I will be able to
identify and investigate
different childhood
disabilities.
Type name from card here
Story Time
Answer your
bell work
question on
page 13.
•
Children who listen to
stories when they are young
learn language more quickly
and tend to perform better in
school
_________.
• Story time should be
enjoyable for young children.
When reading to children let
your voice rise and fall with
the emotions of the story;
adjust volume, pitch and
tone
_______.
rush
• Do not _________
through a
story, allow enough time for
the child to build mental
pictures.
• Involve the children when
reading, by asking
_____________,
questions
letting
them sing, showing _______,
pictures
using a puppet, or allowing
movement
_____________
through out
the story.
Answer bell work on page 14
• Now you need to read to your
children. You will need to create a
visual, be entertaining, and remember
to HAVE FUN!
• Objective: We will perform a reading
to children activity that
demonstrates creativity and FUN!
Late Adulthood
• Answer Bell Work on page 15.
• What has someone older done for you
in your life?
Obj: I will
distinguish
between facts
and myths with
older adults.
1.Aging is a normal process
that leads to normal
changes in body structure
and function.
FACT
2. Most elderly
individuals have a bad
memory and are
senile.
MYTH
3. At least half of the
aged are living in
nursing homes or mental
hospitals.
MYTH
4. Many individuals are
active, productive, and
self-sufficient into their
eighties and nineties.
FACT
5. Older people are
usually lonely and
unhappy.
MYTH
6. Retired people are
usually bored and have
nothing to do with their
lives.
MYTH
7. All five senses tend
to decline in old age.
FACT
8. The reaction time of
a younger person is
faster than that of an
older person.
FACT
9.Physical
strength
becomes less in old
age.
FACT
10.Old people are set
in their ways and
cannot change.
MYTH
Answer bell work on page 16.
Adolescent
Late
Adulthood
Grandpa do you know me?