AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 11, Chapter 34 (13th Ed.)
HONOR PLEDGE: I strive to uphold the vision of the North Penn School District, which is to inspire each student to reach his or her highest potential
and become a responsible citizen. Therefore, on my honor, I pledge that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this work.
Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shadow of War: 1933 - 1941
Before studying Chapter 34, read over this “Theme”:
Theme: In the early and mid-1930s, the United States attempted to isolate itself from foreign involvements and wars.
But by the end of the decade, the spread of totalitarianism and war in Europe forced Roosevelt to provide more and
more assistance to desperate Britain, despite strong isolationist opposition.
After studying Chapter 34 in your textbook, you should be able to:
1. Describe the isolationist motives and effects of FDR’s early foreign policies.
2. Explain how American isolationism dominated U.S. policy in the mid-1930’s.
3. Explain how America gradually began to respond to the threat of aggression while still staying
neutral.
4. Describe Roosevelt’s increasingly bold moves toward aiding Britain in the fight against Hitler and
the sharp disagreements these efforts caused at home.
5. Discuss the events and issues in the Japanese-American conflict that led up to Pearl Harbor in
1941.
Know the following people and terms. Consider the historical significance of each term or person.
Also note the dates of the event if that is pertinent.
A. People
Cordell Hull
Joseph Stalin
Benito Mussolini
Adolf Hitler
Francisco Franco
Senator Gerald Nye (see “Nye Committee”)
Neville Chamberlain
Winston Churchill
Wendell Willkie
Charles Lindbergh
Jeannette Pickering Rankin- “As a woman, I can’t go to war, and I refuse to send anyone else.” (Congressional speech, 1941)
B. Terms
Munich Conference
Policy of appeasement
reciprocity
totalitarianism
isolationism
boondoggling
London Economic Conference
Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act
Nazi Party
Rome-Berlin Axis
invasion of Ethiopia
Nye committee / “merchants of death”
Neutrality Acts
Spanish Civil War
AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 11, Chapter 34 (13th Ed.)
HONOR PLEDGE: I strive to uphold the vision of the North Penn School District, which is to inspire each student to reach his or her highest potential
and become a responsible citizen. Therefore, on my honor, I pledge that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this work.
China incident
“Quarantine” speech
Hitler-Stalin nonaggression pact
“cash-and-carry”
Blitzkrieg
“phony war”
Committee to Defend America By Aiding the Allies
America First Committee
destroyers-for-bases deal
*Executive Order 8802
Atlantic Charter
Conscription law
Good Neighbor policy
*Lend-Lease (Act) (see “Voices from the Past” below)
*=A 100 Milestone Document from the National Archive. Go to Webpage to link to these documents.
C. Sample Essay: Using what you have previously learned and what you read in Chapter 34, you
should be able to answer an essay such as this one:
Explain in what way (a) the fall of France, (b) Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union, and (c) the attack on
Pearl Harbor mark the most important turning points in American foreign policy from 1935 to 1942.
D. Voices from the past:
The following is the wording of the printed statement that British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain
waved as he stepped off the plane September 30, 1938 after the Munich Conference had ended:
"We, the German Führer and Chancellor, and the British Prime Minister, have had a further meeting today and
are agreed in recognizing that the question of Anglo-German relations is of the first importance for our two
countries and for Europe.
We regard the agreement signed last night and the Anglo-German Naval Agreement as symbolic of the
desire of our two peoples never to go to war with one another again.
We are resolved that the method of consultation shall be the method adopted to deal with any other
questions that may concern our two countries, and we are determined to continue our efforts to remove possible
sources of difference, and thus to contribute to assure the peace of Europe."
Chamberlain read the above statement in front of 10 Downing St. and added:
"My good friends, for the second time in our history, a British Prime Minister has returned from Germany
bringing peace with honour. I believe it is peace for our time.... Go home and get a nice quiet sleep."
President Franklin Roosevelt, Dec.17, 1940, explaining what *new policy?
“Suppose my neighbor’s house catches fire. If he can take my garden hose and connect it up with his hydrant,
I may help him put out the fire. Now what do I do? I don’t say to him ‘Neighbor, my garden hose cost me
fifteen dollars; you have to pay me fifteen dollars for it.’ What is the transaction that goes on? I don’t want
fifteen dollars – I want my garden hose back after the fire is over.”
*Franklin D. Roosevelt’s war message to Congress, December 8, 1941:
“Yesterday, December 7, 1941 – a date which will live in infamy – the United States of America was
suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation
with its government and its emperor, looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.
. . . The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military
forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. . . .
. . . No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people, in their
righteous might, will win through to absolute victory.”
AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 11, Chapter 34 (13th Ed.)
HONOR PLEDGE: I strive to uphold the vision of the North Penn School District, which is to inspire each student to reach his or her highest potential
and become a responsible citizen. Therefore, on my honor, I pledge that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this work.
E. Map work: Be able to locate and identify the places listed on the map below:
13
11
11
1
12
Identify the numbered areas of the above map:
1. _______________________
2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. _______________________
5. ________________________
6. ________________________
7. _______________________
8. ________________________
9. ________________________
10. ______________________
11. ________________________
12. ________________________
13. ______________________
Nation that was “sacrificed” at Munich Conference to achieve “peace in our time”: ___________________
Invasion of this nation in 1939 touched off the formal onset of WWII: ___________________________
Nation through which German armies twice invaded France in the 20th century: ______________________
Only European nation to pay off its World War I debts to the Us, invaded by the Soviet Union in 1939-40:
_____________________________
F. Interpreting political cartoons: Answer the questions about the political cartoon on the back of
this page.
AP United States History - Terms and People – Unit 11, Chapter 34 (13th Ed.)
HONOR PLEDGE: I strive to uphold the vision of the North Penn School District, which is to inspire each student to reach his or her highest potential
and become a responsible citizen. Therefore, on my honor, I pledge that I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this work.
Interpreting political cartoons
Look Who’s Here Again
1. Look for the title first: what is the title of this cartoon? ________________________________
2. Who is “here again”? _______________________________________________
3. Are the people in the cartoon “real” or “symbolic”? ________________________
4. It’s not apparent from this cartoon, but can you name one of their leaders? _________________
5. Look for other words in the cartoon: what are they claiming?
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. Is this cartoon critical of anyone? If so, who? _____________________________
7. Is this carton supportive of anyone? If so, who? ___________________________