The Center for Public Archaeology
CONTINUATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
STAGE 2 INVESTIGATION
THE FAR WEST YARD
ROCK HALL MUSEUM
LAWRENCE, NASSAU COUNTY, NEW YORK
Prepared February 2011 for:
Rock Hall Museum and The Friends of Rock Hall, Inc.
199 Broadway, Lawrence, New York 11559
Prepared By:
Dr. Christopher Matthews, Director
Ross T. Rava, Project Manager
Department of Anthropology
208 Davison Hall
110 Hofstra University
Hempstead, NY 11549-1100
CONTINUATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL
STAGE 2 INVESTIGATION
THE FAR WEST YARD
ROCK HALL MUSEUM
LAWRENCE, NASSAU COUNTY, NEW YORK
Submitted by Hofstra University’s Center for Public Archaeology
INTRODUCTION
This report summarizes and details the findings of the excavation of a new unit adjacent
to the previous testing on the far west yard, including the identification of a brick dump
deposit and the footprint of an outbuilding depicted on the 1836 Morris Fosdick survey of
the property. The far west yard is defined by the western boundary of Rock Hall
Museum’s parking lot and the eastern fence boundary of the Lawrence Junior High
School athletic field. The authors would like to recognize and thank Meg Gorsline, Field
Technician, Jamie Atkinson, Field Technician, Lab Technician, Gabriel Abinante, Lab
Technician, Emma Lagan, Lab Technician & Artifact Conservator, Joe Tonelli, Lab
Technician, and Ted Dattilo, Lab Technician. This project gained from their invaluable
assistance and input.
BACKGROUND
Rock Hall built circa 1767 is located at 199 Broadway, Lawrence, Nassau County, New
York, is a Historic Site and listed on the National Registry of Historic Places (figure 1).
Both the museum and the far west yard are owned and managed by the Town of
Hempstead with the cooperation of The Friends of Rock Hall, Inc. Past archaeological
assessments have predicted very little disturbance of cultural material in the Museum’s
west yard since outbuildings were demolished and the grounds subsequently landscaped
in 1881 (Silver 1979 and 1990) (figure 2). Numerous subsurface surveys have concluded
that primary cultural deposits exist throughout the west yard (Silver and McLean 1996
and 2005), and future archaeological investigations could greatly add to the Museum’s
limited historical record of domestic activities from 1767 to 1881 in Rock Hall’s west
yard.
An archaeological stage 1-B investigation in the far west yard, also encountered
additional primary cultural deposits (Rava 2007). Most significantly, an area that
contained a dense subsurface deposit of sea shells, coal and brick debris was identified as
being in the location of the furthest west yard outbuilding on Morris Fosdick’s 1836
survey of the Rock Hall property (figure 3) Further archaeological stage 2 investigation
of this area was performed, and an extensive debris deposit consisting of large quantities
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of brick, sandstone, mortar, window glass, nail fragments, ceramics, bottle glass, a cast
iron pot base, bones, shells, coal and charcoal fragments, was encountered in the western
half of Unit 9 (figure 4). After the deposit was exposed, measured, documented and
photographed, the debris deposit was left in situ (Rava 2009). Artifacts recovered from
the top of the debris deposit and from the surrounding areas within Unit 9 indicate
domestic activities and building demolition (Rava 2009). This debris appears to have
been deposited in one episode in the late 1800’s, possibly from the demolition of the west
yard domestic buildings in 1881. It is likely that this area was the site of the furthest west
yard outbuilding seen in the Morris Fosdick’s 1836 survey/Google Sketch 3-D current
west yard overlay (Rava 2009) (figure 5).
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
As was previously recommended (Rava 2009), this archaeological investigation was
performed to determine whether or not the debris deposit found in Unit 9 is on the site of
the furthest west yard outbuilding as shown on Morris Fosdick’ 1836 survey.
Additionally, this investigation will determine:
The depth of the debris deposit, and when it was deposited.
The accuracy of the Morris Fosdick 1836 survey.
How to manage the future use of the far west yard.
In order to accomplish these goals, a 2 ½ meter by 2 ½ meter area was excavated directly
north of Unit 9, covering enough area to expose, identify, and determine the aerial extent
of any building foundations or other evidence of historic building “footprints” that may
exist. Unit 9 was re-excavated to expose the debris deposit left in situ, and it was agreed
that excavation will cease upon encountering the historic, eighteenth century yard surface.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The datum used was established at the northwest corner of the foundation of the house,
(McLean and Silver 1995), and used in both the 2007 and 2008 stage 1B and stage 2
investigation of the far west yard (Rava 2007 and 2009). A 0 baseline was projected west
from the datum through the west yard, the parking lot and onto the far west yard (figure
6). The northwest corner of the new archaeological unit, designated as “Unit 10”, was
placed 3½ meters west of the eastern edge of the far west yard, and on the 0 baseline.
From the northwest corner, Unit 10 was measured east 2 ½ meters and south 2 ½ meters,
so that the coordinates are Far West 3½ meters by South 0 meters. In this location the
south edge of Unit 10 was adjacent to the northern edge of Unit 9 (figure 7).
METHODOLOGY
This archaeological investigation took place in June 2010, and proceeded when the
weather permitted. The excavation beneath the disturbed garden soil was preformed by
hand trowel in levels, and new proveniences recorded upon encountering changes in the
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natural strata or when arbitrary 10 cm levels were reached within the same stratum. All
of the soils removed were dry-screened through a .6 cm (1/4 in) wire screen mesh and all
artifacts collected were washed, identified, cataloged, (Appendix B), and packed in
labeled plastic bags. These bags were placed in labeled plastic storage boxes and
delivered to Rock Hall Museum for curation. Cultural and stratigraphic information were
recorded on standardized archaeological forms, and soil color and soil textures were
noted using the Munsell system of soil colors and textures (Munsell Color 1975). The
numbering system used was a continuation of the sequences initiated in 1995, starting
with; Catalog number #453, and Feature #13. All records including provenience sheets
and complete digital photo-documentation of the excavation are on file at the museum.
This subsurface archaeological investigation was designed to fulfill the guidelines of the
New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation (OPRHP).
INVESTIGATION RESULTS
The Unit
The archaeological stage 2 investigation of Unit 9 in the far west yard revealed a debris
deposit of bricks, coal, sea shells and domestic artifacts in the unit’s western portion
(Rava 2009). This deposit within stratum II was labeled Feature #12, and was
photographed, drawn in plan view and left in situ (Rava 2009). Unit 10 was placed
adjacent to and north of Unit 9 in order to locate the northern end of this debris deposit
and the historic eighteenth century yard surface. As part of this archaeological
investigation, Unit 9 was re-excavated to expose Feature #12 in Area 1.
The Surface
Following the recommendations of previous archaeological stage 1-B and stage 2
investigations (Rava 2007 and 2009), the museum staff has stopped all cultivating and
gardening in the northern area of the far west yard. Therefore, before preceding with this
excavation the entire area had to be weeded and cleared by hand, which resulted in an
uneven ground level. Mostly modern artifacts were found on the ground surface of the
unit (figure 8).
Stratum I
Top soil consisting of dark brown to very dark brown sandy loam (10 YR 3/3 & 3/1) was
removed in two levels within Unit 10. Stratum I level 1 was excavated to a depth of 10
cm in the entire unit. Upon the removal of stratum I level 1, it was decided to concentrate
the excavation in three areas. Area 1 measured 120 cm by 250 cm and was located in the
southern half of Unit 10, was established to reveal the eastern edge of Feature #12 and
possibly the eighteenth century yard surface. Area 2 measured 70 cm by 100cm and was
located in the western portion north of Area 1, was established to reveal Feature #12.
Area 3 measured 60 cm by 100 cm and was located in the western portion north of Area
2, was established to reveal the northern edge of Feature #12 (figure 9).
Stratum I level 2 was stopped at a depth of 14 to 23.5 cm in all areas upon encountering
scattered brick, coal and shell fragments. Various artifacts were found in this stratum,
ranged from ceramic fragments to modern coins (dime dated 1978, nickels dated 1940 &
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1979 and penny dated 1980), plastic, Styrofoam and graphite pencil lead fragments.
Stratum II
Underlying stratum I was a dark grayish brown to dark brown sandy loam (10 YR 4/2 &
3/3) mottled with very dark grayish brown (10 YR 3/2, 2.5 YR 3/2), dark grayish brown
(10 YR 4/2), and dark yellowish brown sandy loam (10 YR 3/4, 10 YR 3/6). Artifact
fragments observed resting on the surface of this stratum appeared larger and denser in
the western portion of areas 1, 2 and 3. In Area 2 and most of Area 3, Feature #12
appeared to contain more sea shells and less broken bricks than in the western portion of
Area 1. The only disturbance notice in stratum II was in the southeastern corner of Area 1
(figure 10).
Stratum II level 1 was excavated around Feature #12 in Area 1 to a depth of 8cm. Feature
#12 appeared to end approximately 50 cm east from the west wall of Area 1. It was
decided to excavate a trench through Feature #12 in Area 1 north of the south wall of Unit
10, measuring 50 cm by 250 cm. This trench was excavated to a depth of 8.5 cm to 9 cm
removing Feature #12 in the western portion and stratum II level 2 in the middle and
eastern portion. Underlying Feature #12 was loose brown sandy loam, and underlying the
rest of stratum II level 2 in the trench was hard packed mottled soil with small fragments
of sea shells and charcoal. The hard packed surface appeared to be the eighteenth century
yard surface and continued east to the disturbed southeast corner of Unit 10 (figure 11).
This hard packed surface is consistent with Feature #8 in Unit 7 and in shovel test pits
throughout the west and far west yard (Silver and Rava 2004, Rava 2007).
Stratum II level 1 was excavated in Areas 2 and 3 to a depth of 5.5cm to 11.5 cm,
removing Feature #12. Underneath Feature #12 in Area 2 was loose brown sandy loam
ending approximately 50 cm east from the west wall of Unit 10, and abutting hard packed
mottled soil with small fragment of sea shells and charcoal which continued east.
Underneath Feature #12 in Area 3 was loose brown sandy loam which extended only
approximately 12 cm north and 50 cm east from the west wall of Unit 10. Abutting the
loose brown soil was hard packed mottled soil with small fragment of sea shells and
charcoal to the east and to the north. A 5 cm deep depression in the loose brown soil was
found filled with sea shells in the northwest corner of Area 3, approximately 35 cm east
from the west wall and 15 cm south from the north wall of Unit 10. The hard packed
surface found in both Areas 2 and 3 appeared to be the eighteenth century yard surface
(figure 12).
Stratum II level 2 was excavated and Feature #12 removed in Area 1 of Unit 9.
Underneath Feature #12 was an irregular hard packed mottled surface with small artifact
fragments, compressed in spots. It appeared that this hard packed surface was eighteenth
century yard surface (figure 13).
Large quantities of handmade broken bricks, red sandstone, quartz, ceramic, glass,
cut/wrought nails, wire nails, cut/wrought “rose head” nails, cast iron pot base, various
metal, mortar, sandstone, brick, coal, charcoal, bone and shell fragments were found in
stratum II and Feature #12 in Areas 1, 2, and 3 of Unit 10, and is consistent with what
was found in stratum II and Feature #12 in Unit 9 (Rava 2009). However the quantities
of artifacts noticeably decreased east of Feature #12 in stratum II. There was no further
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excavation of stratum II in the rest of Unit 10 and the remaining Feature #12 was left in
situ (figure 14).
Stratum III
Brown sandy loam (10 YR 4/3), was encountered underlying Feature #12 in the western
portion of both Units 9 and Unit 10. Stratum III was loose and appeared to be sterile.
Shovel Test Pits (STPs)
The following three shovel test pits were excavated during this archaeological
investigation:
STP 58 was located in the eastern corner of the trench in Area 1 of Unit 10. This location
was identified as being previously disturbed while excavating stratum I. Shovel testing
revealed that the disturbed soil contained a large quantity of charcoal fragments along
with a cut/wrought nail with a curled end, a fragment of ceramic and fragments of brick,
coal/slag and sea shell. Stratum III, a brown sandy loam, was encountered at a depth of
31.5 cm measured from the surface ground level.
STP 59 was located in the far west yard 300 cm west and 700 cm south, and was
excavated to test for the southern extent of Feature #12. Stratum I and II were identified,
and Feature #8, the hard packed eighteenth century yard surface was possibly encountered
at a depth of 23 cm measured from the surface ground level. However, Feature #12 did
not to extend to this location, and only a few small glass, brick, coal/slag and sea shell
fragments were recovered from both stratums (figure 15).
STP 60 was located in the far west yard 300 cm west and 480 cm south, and was
excavated to test for the southern extent of Feature #12. Stratum I and II were identified,
and Feature #8 was possibly encountered in the east side of the test pit at a depth of 19.5
cm, and Feature #12 was possibly encountered in the west side of the test pit at a depth
of 23 cm both measured from the surface ground level. Fragments of lamp and window
glass, coal/slag, charcoal, shell, foil and gravel, were found in Stratum I. Larger fragments
of bricks, mortar, ceramics, coal/slag, sea shell, and a metal spike and “re-bar” were
found in Stratum II. Resting on the surface of Feature #8 was a large bent metal strap,
which was left in situ (figure 16).
INTERPRETATION
Stratum I was found to be consistent with the top soil found in both the shovel testing
stage 1-B of the far west yard and the stage 2 investigation of Unit 9, (Rava 2007 and
2009). The museum uses the far west yard for vegetable gardening, and machine tilling
by the maintenance staff has most likely mixed modern garden soil with the top surface of
stratum II. This would explain the wide range of datable artifacts recovered in this
stratum, and the occasional artifact found on the surface throughout the far west yard.
Stratum II was found throughout Areas 1, 2 and 3 of Unit 10 and seemed to be consistent
with stratum II encountered in Unit 9 (Rava 2009). Feature #12 which was in stratum II
was found in the western portions of Areas 1, 2 and 3 of Unit 10, and also seemed
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consistent with Feature #12 in Unit 9 (Rava 2009).
Preliminary Analysis of the artifacts recovered from stratum II suggests the following:
Large quantity of broken handmade brick, and lesser quantities of
sandstone, mortar, window glass and nail fragments all indicate
building(s) debris.
Large quantities of ceramics, bottle glass, a cast iron pot base, bones,
shells, coal and charcoal fragments all indicate household debris.
Diagnostic ceramics recovered date from the mid eighteenth to the late
nineteenth centuries possibly indicating a long continued use of the site.
Two wire nails, and a brass shotgun shell casing date the deposit to no
earlier than the late 1800s.
Ceramic and bottle glass fragments from stratum II and Feature #12 in
Unit 9 and Unit10 mended together, indicating that they were deposited at
the same time in both units (Appendix A).
The depth of stratum II and Feature #12 in the western portion of Unit 10 varied from 13
cm in the southwestern corner of Area 1 to 5.5 cm in northwestern corner of Area 3
(figure 17).
Underlying stratum II and Feature #12 in Areas 1, 2 and 3 of Unit 10 and Area 1 of Unit 9
was Stratum III in the western portion, surrounded by the hard packed eighteenth century
yard surface throughout, except in the south east corner of Area 1 of Unit 10.
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The archaeological investigation of Unit 9 resulted in the discovery of large quantities of
household debris and building debris (Rava 2009). The building debris was thought have
been from the demolition of the west yard outbuildings in 1881. However, upon initial
analysis of artifacts recovered from the continued excavation of Unit 9 and the partial
excavation of Unit 10, it appears that the broken bricks found within the building debris
were handmade and probably never used (figure 18). The building they are associated
with had no subsurface foundation and was likely a wood frame superstructure.
Additionally, since there was an ice house nearby (Fosdick 1836), it is very possible that
these bricks were leftover from its construction. Diagnostic artifacts found in the debris
suggest that both the household debris and the building debris were deposited together on
the site in one episode in the late 1800’s, and covered with soil containing fragmented
artifacts most likely from the property grounds.
Further excavation of the debris deposit revealed the original hard packed eighteenth
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century yard surface in both Unit 9 and Unit 10. Abutting the yard surface to the west in
both Units 9 and 10 and to the north in Area 3 of Unit 10 was loose brown soil which
formed what appeared to be a northeast corner of a larger rectangular area (figure 19).
The rectangular area happens to be in the precise location of the furthest outbuilding
shown in Morris Fosdick’s 1836 survey when it is overlaid on a 3-D Google Sketch of the
current west yard (Rava 2009). This strongly suggests that the site of an outbuilding has
been found, and that the Fosdick’s survey is an accurate historical record of both the
location and size of the west yard outbuildings in 1836.
As to the function and use of this outbuilding, the larger artifacts recovered and mended
together, such as a Rhenish design gray stoneware jug, creamware pitcher rim and bowl
body, dark olive square glass bottle, cast iron Dutch oven base, decorative glass decanter
stopper, and a furniture leg coaster, all strongly suggest that it could have been a storage
shed. Lack of evidence of a building foundation and loose soil, strongly suggests that the
outbuilding rested directly on the ground and had a raised interior floor.
Recommendations
As recommended in both the 2007 and 2008 archaeological stage 1B and stage 2
investigation of the far west yard (Rava 2007 and 2009), the entire far west yard
location should be added to the continuing Combination Cultural Resource
Preservation approach that has been in practice in the west yard since 1995. This
approach entails keeping subsurface disturbance in both the west yard and far west
yard to a minimum and identifying and mitigating any areas which may be
physically impacted in the future.
Limit any further cultivation in the far west yard garden area to a maximum depth
of six inches. All cultivation should be stopped upon encountering any artifacts.
Perform additional archaeological investigations of the areas surrounding Unit 9
and Unit 10, to determine the size of stratum II feature #12, and to positively
confirm the site as the location of the furthest west yard outbuilding.
We also recommend further testing where the Fosdick survey indicates the
location of an Ice House. The debris that makes up Feature 12 in Units 9 and 10
may be related to the building, use, or demolition of that structure.
Mark the location of the outbuilding site found in Units 9 & 10 with wood
“railroad ties”, to help visualize the proximity of the historical domestic structures
in the west yard to the main house (figure 20).
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REFERENCES
Fosdick, Sr. Morris
1836 Survey Map of the Rock Hall Property.. On file, Rock Hall Museum.
McLean, Jo-Ann MA, RPA and Silver, Annette PhD, RPA
1995 End of Field Report: Excavations at Rock Hall, West Yard. On file, Rock
Hall Museum, Lawrence, New York.
Munsell Color
1975 Munsell Soil Color Charts. Kollmorgen Corporation, Baltimore, Maryland.
Rava, Ross T.
2007 Subsurface Archaeological Survey (Stage 1-B) Rock Hall Museum’s Far
West Yard. On file, Rock Hall Museum, Lawrence, New York.
2009 Archaeological Subsurface Investigation (Stage 2) Possible Outbuilding
Site in Far West Yard, Rock Hall Museum. On file, Rock Hall Museum,
Lawrence, New York.
Rock Hall Museum Staff
2007 and 2010 Private conversation, Rock Hall Museum, 199 Broadway,
Lawrence, NY
Silver, Annette PhD, RPA
1979 Rock Hall: An Assessment of the Archaeological Potential. On file, Rock
Hall Museum, 199 Broadway, Lawrence, NY
Silver, Annette PhD, RPA
1990 An Archaeologist Looks at Rock Hall: Map Analysis. Paper presented at
the opening of the Fosdick Survey Exhibit, Rock Hall Museum, 199 Broadway,
Lawrence, NY
Silver, Annette PhD, RPA and McLean Jo-Ann MA, RPA
1996 and 2005 Stage IB Archaeological Survey, West Yard, Rock Hall,
Lawrence, Town of Hempstead, Nassau County, NY. Prepared for The Friends of
Rock Hall, Inc., Lawrence, NY by TAS Archaeological Services, LLC, Grantham,
New Hampshire.
Silver, Annette PhD, RPA and Rava, Ross T.
2004 West Cellar Entrance Mitigation, Rock Hall Historic Site. On file, Rock
Hall Museum, 199 Broadway, Lawrence, NY
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1
Rock Hall Museum location on Long Island, New York.
Figure 2
Early 1900’s photograph of Rock Hall’s west yard, from the south.
Rock Hall Museum collection.
Figure 3
Photograph of Rock Hall Survey - June 6, 1836 (Fosdick 1836)
showing Rock Hall and the west yard. Rock Hall Museum collection.
Figure 4
Photograph of the west portion of Unit 9 Areas 1, 2, and 3 showing
Feature #12 - debris deposit.
Figure 5
Google Sketch 3-D current image of the manor house and the west yard,
superimposed with the Google Sketch 3-D image of the Fosdick1836
survey of Rock Hall. Created by Ross T. Rava
Figure 6
Photograph showing the baseline projected from the datum point
established at the northwest corner of Rock Hall Museum.
Figure 7
Site plan showing location of Unit 10 in the far west yard.
Drawn by Ross T. Rava.
Figure 8
Photograph showing the site of Unit 10 prior to weeding.
Figure 9
Plan view of Unit 10 showing location of Areas 1, 2 & 3.
Drawn by Ross T. Rava.
Figure 10
Photograph showing corner of Area 1-T2 bottom stratum II level I.
Figure 11
Photograph showing Area 1-T2 Feature 8 and Area 1-T1 Feature 12.
Figure 12
Photograph showing Area 1-T1 with Feature 12 removed.
Figure 13
Photograph showing Unit 9 Area 1 with Feature 12 removed.
Figure 14
Photograph showing Area 1-1 Feature 12 left in situ.
Figure 15
Photograph of Shovel Test Pit #59.
Figure 16
Photograph of Shovel Test Pit # 60.
Figure 17
Profile of the west and south walls in Unit 10. Drawn by Ross T. Rava.
Figure 18
Photograph of hand made brick found in Feature 12.
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Figure 19
Photograph of Area 3 with stratum II and Feature 12 removed, showing
loose brown soil forming a northeast corner of a larger rectangular area.
Figure 20
Google Sketch 3-D rendering marking the location of the outbuilding site
found in Units 9 & 10.
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Figure 1
Rock Hall Museum location on Long Island, New York.
12
Figure 2
Early 1900’s photograph of Rock Hall’s west yard, from the south.
Rock Hall Museum collection.
13
Figure 3
Photograph of Rock Hall Survey - June 6, 1836 (Fosdick 1836)
showing Rock Hall and the west yard. Rock Hall Museum collection.
14
Figure 4
Photograph of the west portion of Unit 9 Areas 1, 2, and 3 showing
Feature #12 - debris deposit.
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Fosdick’s 1836 Survey of Rock Hall Manor and the west yard
3D rendering of the 1836 Survey of Rock Hall Manor and the west yard
3D rendering of the current view of Rock Hall Manor and the west yard
with the layout of the 1836 Survey superimposed
Figure 5
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Figure 6
Photograph showing the baseline projected from the datum point
established at the northwest corner of Rock Hall Museum.
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Figure 7
Site plan showing location of Unit 10 in the far west yard.
18
Figure 8
Photograph showing the site of Unit 10 prior to weeding.
19
Figure 9
Plan view of Unit 10 showing location of Areas 1, 2 & 3.
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Figure 10
Photograph showing corner of Area 1-T2 bottom stratum II level I.
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Figure 11
Photograph showing Area 1-T2 Feature 8 and Area 1-T1 Feature 12.
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Figure 12
Photograph showing Area 1-T1 with Feature 12 removed.
23
Figure 13
Photograph showing Unit 9 Area 1 with Feature 12 removed.
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Figure 14
Photograph showing Area 1-1 Feature 12 left in situ.
25
Figure 15
Photograph of Shovel Test Pit #59.
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Figure 16
Photograph of Shovel Test Pit # 60.
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Figure 17
Profile of the west and south walls in Unit 10.
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Figure 18
Photograph of hand made brick found in Feature 12.
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Figure 19
Photograph of Area 3 with stratum II and Feature 12 removed, showing
loose brown soil forming a northeast corner of a larger rectangular area.
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Figure 20
Google Sketch 3-D rendering marking the location of the
outbuilding site found in Units 9 & 10.
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APPENDIX A
UNIT 10 – NOTES
ARTIFACT MENDS AND MATCHING
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Note #1
Stoneware fragments, grey with salt glaze and incised blue design, all possibly
from an eighteenth century Rhenish jug or tankard, from Unit 10 stratum II
mended with fragments found in Unit 9 stratum II (notes figure 1):
Unit 10 catalog #s
459 - 1 fragment
460 - 4 fragments
461 - 1 fragment
466 - 1 fragment
Mended with Unit 9 catalog #s
437 - 2 fragments
443 - 1 fragment
444 - 1 fragment
Note #2
Square bottle fragments, blown medium olive color with short neck and folded
rim, possibly eighteenth century from Unit 10 stratum II mended with fragments
found in Unit 9 stratum II (notes figure 2):
Unit 10 catalog #s
458 - 3 fragments
463 - 2 fragments
Mended with Unit 9 catalog #s
437 - 5 fragments
438 - 4 fragments
Note #3
Circular glass decanter stopper top fragments, frosted/opaque with fluted design,
possibly eighteenth century from Unit 10 stratum II mended with fragments found
in Unit 9 stratum II.
Unit 10 catalog #s
461 - 1 fragment
Mended with Unit 9 catalog #s
439 - 1 fragment
Note #4
Cast iron “Dutch” oven pot base fragments, corroded with one “foot” projected
from the bottom, possibly early nineteenth century from Unit 10 stratum II
mended with fragments found in Unit 9 stratum II (notes figure 3):
Unit 10 catalog #s
461 - 1 fragment
Mended with Unit 9 catalog #s
449 - 1 fragment
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Note #5
Plain creamware fragments possibly eighteenth century all mended from Unit 10
stratum II (notes figure 4):
Possible shallow bowl or “gravy boat”
Unit 10 catalog #s
458 - 1 fragment
460 - 7 fragments
463 - 17 fragments
Possible pitcher “lip” or rim
Unit 10 catalog #s
460 - 6 fragments
463 - 6 fragments
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notes figure 1
35
notes figure 2
36
notes figure 3
37
notes figure 4
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APPENDIX B
UNIT 10 – ARTIFACT INVENTORY
CATALOG # 453 TO 469C
15 SHEETS
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