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F.4.5 Activity
Name:______________________________________ Table: _____ Period:_____ Date:_______ _________
Earth Science 6.0 Activity (Pages 208-221)
Background information:
A system is a group of interacting parts that work together to
do a job. Technological systems process inputs and generate outputs.
An input is any matter, energy, or information that goes into a
system. Outputs are matter, energy, or information that comes out of
the system.
Meteorologists are scientists who use data from different
sources to find out what is happening in the atmosphere. Weather data
are the input. The data set is processed by computers that perform
complex calculations to generate weather models. Weather forecast
systems combine 72 hours of data from weather stations, weather
balloons, radar, aircraft and weather satellites to show what is
happening in Earth’s atmosphere now and to predict what will happen
in the future.
Weather maps are one type of output from a weather
forecasting system. On a weather map you can find information about
atmospheric pressure, and about the direction and temperature of
moving air. The numbered lines on a weather map are called isobars.
Isobars connect areas that have the same atmospheric pressure.
Isobars center on areas of high and low pressure. An area of high
pressure (H) indicates a place where cool, dense air is sinking and
usually produces clear weather. The air moves outward and clockwise in a high pressure system. An area of low pressure (L) indicates
a place where warm less dense air is rising producing cloudy skies.
The air moves inward and counter-clockwise in a low pressure
system. Pressure differences cause air to move. The leading edge of a
cool air mass is called a cold front. The leading edge of a warm air
mass is called a warm front. On a weather map, blue lines with
triangles show cold fronts and red lines with half circles show warm
fronts. The triangles and half circles point in the direction the front is
moving. Winds are named by where the wind is coming from. If a
wind is coming from the south it is called a south wind.
Map 1
Analysis Questions:
1. How would you describe the wind direction behind the warm and cold
fronts shown on the map above (Map 1)? Notice where the high and low
pressure systems are.
Warm front –
Cold front –
2. Why are fronts produced in low pressure systems and not in high pressure
systems?
3. What global wind usually pushes pressure systems, in the United States,
towards the east coast? ___________________________
Activity
Module F Earth’s Water and Atmosphere
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F.4.5 Activity
Name:______________________________________ Table: _____ Period:_____ Date:_______ _________
Earth Science 6.0 Activity (Pages 208-221)
Map 2
Activity
Module F Earth’s Water and Atmosphere
2
F.4
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Name:______________________________________ Table: _____ Period:_____ Date:_______ _________
F.4.5 Activity
Earth Science 6.0 Activity (Pages 208-221)
LA
City
Spokane
Denver
Houston
Atlanta
Orlando
Raleigh
Cleveland
New York
Station
Model
Temp
˚C
(Convert)
Temp.
˚F
Dew Point
˚F
Air Pressure
Sky
Condition
Wind Speed
Wind
Direction
Temperature Conversions
˚F= 9/5(˚C) +32
˚C= (˚F-32)(5/9)
Air Pressure:
500 or more, add a 9 & a decimal.
Ex: 588 = 9588.8mb
Less than 500, add a 10 & a decimal, Ex: 091 = 1009.1mb
Activity
Module F Earth’s Water and Atmosphere
3
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F.4.5 Activity
Name:______________________________________ Table: _____ Period:_____ Date:_______ _________
Earth Science 6.0 Activity (Pages 208-221)
Map 2
1. Which information in the table will you use to determine where the high
and low pressure systems may be located?
4. Imagine you are a meteorologist in Atlanta and this is the
current map (Map 2). What temperature change would you
predict over the next few hours, and why?
Prediction:
Why:
2. What outputs from weather stations are included on a weather map?
3. How will you process the information in the table and on the map (Map
2) to make predictions? Describe how you will use the inputs to develop
an output.
5. What pressure change would you predict for Denver over the
next few days, and why?
Pressure change:
Why:
4. According to the data in the table, where are the centers of the high and
low pressure systems at this time? Mark them, on the map above, using
an H or an L.
Activity
Module F Earth’s Water and Atmosphere
4