• I will be able to: • Describe and identify the two types of systems. • Describe the four parts of Earth’s System and explain how matter and energy are transferred through it. • Pick up handouts • Sit quietly and copy homework. • ES.0.8 Properties of Water RHW Quiz due Monday 10/5 • ES.0.9 Earth’s Spheres and Branches RHW Quiz Due 10/8 • ES Intro Part 3 Test Next Tuesday (10/13) I will be able to describe and identify the two types of systems. Open or Closed Systems? I will be able to describe and identify the two types of systems. What is a System? • Systems – a group of interacting parts that work to together to do a job or to form a whole. • Open Systems • Closed Systems I will be able to describe and identify the two types of systems. Open or Closed Systems? I will be able to describe and identify the two types of systems. What is a System? • Systems – Open System • Matter and energy can flow into and out of the system. – Uncovered pan of boiling water. – Vegetable Garden – Natural Environment I will be able to describe and identify the two types of systems. What is a System? • Systems – Closed System • Matter cannot enter or leave, energy can. – Covered pan of boiling water. – Terrarium – Greenhouse I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System & explain how matter & energy are transferred through it. What is the Earth’s System? • Earth System – A complex system made up of: • Matter – Living things – Nonliving things. • Energy • Processes within Earth’s boundary. – Matter and energy continuously cycled through the smaller systems that make up Earth’s spheres. I will be able to define and describe the five main spheres that make up the Earth. What is the Earth’s Atmosphere? • Atmosphere – Mostly made of invisible gases that surround the Earth. – Contains the air we breathe. – Composition • 78% Nitrogen • 21% Oxygen • 1% Trace Gases. – Traps Heat Energy from the sun. • Greenhouse effect, keeps the planet warm. I will be able to define and describe the five main spheres that make up the Earth. What is the Earth’s Biosphere? • Biosphere – Made up of living things and their habitats. – Must Have: • • • • • Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Liquid Water Moderate Temperatures Source of Energy – Sun – Plants and Algae (photosynthesis) I will be able to define and describe the five main spheres that make up the Earth. What is the Earth’s Cryosphere? • Cryosphere – All frozen water on Earth. • Ice • Sea Ice • Glaciers • Ice Shelves • Ice Bergs • Snow I will be able to define and describe the five main spheres that make up the Earth. What is the Earth’s Geosphere? • Geosphere – Mostly solid, rocky part of the Earth. – Divided into 3 Layers • Crust • Mantle • Core – Inner Core – Outer Core I will be able to define and describe the four main spheres that make up the Earth. What is the Earth’s Hydrosphere? • Hydrosphere – Liquid Water – Always moving, through all spheres. – 71% of Earth’s surface is the ocean. • • • • • • Lakes Rivers Marshes Rain Underground water Droplets in clouds. I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System & explain how matter & energy are transferred through it. How Do Earth’s Spheres Interact? • Matter and Energy – Change and cycle between the spheres in two ways. – 1. By exchange of matter. • Water Cycle • Nitrogen Cycle I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System & explain how matter & energy are transferred through it. How Do Earth’s Spheres Interact? • Matter and Energy – 2. By exchange of energy • Moves back and forth between spheres. • Solar Energy – Drives winds and Weather – Plants use it to make food. » Animals eat plants for energy. I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System & explain how matter & energy are transferred through it. What is the Source of Earth’s Energy? • Earth’s Energy – Most comes from the Sun. – A tiny fraction • Ocean Tides • Geothermal – Lava & Magma – Moves or Changes form – Not created or destroyed. – Transferred between spheres I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System & explain how matter & energy are transferred through it. What is the Source of Earth’s Energy? • Energy Budget – A way to keep track of energy transfers into and out of Earth’s system. – Unbalanced budget • Can increase or decrease Earth’s temperatures. I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System and explain how matter and energy are transferred through it. What can disturb Earth’s Energy Budget? • Disturbed Energy Budget – 1. Increasing Greenhouse gases. • CO2 &water vapor absorb energy. • Temperatures rise • Climate changes over time. I will be able to describe the parts of Earth’s System and explain how matter and energy are transferred through it. What can disturb Earth’s Energy Budget? • Disturbed Energy Budget – 2. Melting Polar Ice Caps • Liquid water & rock radiate more energy into the atmosphere. • Increasing global temps. • I will be able to: • Describe and identify the Branches of Earth Science. • Log on to Laptop and access Moodle • Have page 41 out. • Please bring ear buds or headphone tomorrow. • ES.0.9 Earth’s Spheres &Branches RHW Quiz Due tonight. • Optional Study Guide for ES Intro Quiz 3 on Moodle • ES.0.6-0.9 Intro Test Part 3 10/9 I will be able to define and describe the five branches of Earth Science. What are the Branches of Earth Science? • 5 Branches Astronomy Environmental Geology Meteorology Oceanography I will be able to describe the five branches of Earth Science and List Topics that would be studied in each. What are the Branches of Earth Science? • Astronomy Astronomer – The study of the universe beyond Earth. – Astronomers study: • • • • Stars Planets Galaxies History of the Universe. Reason for night/day Telescopes The Sun Reason for Seasons Different Galaxies Mars Reason for tides Stars Planets I will be able to define and describe the five branches of Earth Science. What are the Branches of Earth Science? • Environmental Science – The study of Earth’s environment and resources and the effect of human activities – Environmentalists or ecologist study problems like: • Pollution • Global Warming Global Warming Melting Ice Caps Air Pollution Conservation of Earth’s resources. Effects of fertilizer on ground water. Greenhouse effect Effects of oil spills Effects of landfills Ecologist I will be able to define and describe the five branches of Earth Science. What are the Branches of Earth Science? • Geology – The study the solid Earth. – Geologists study the forces that shape Earth. Volcanoes Geologist Seismic Waves Formation of Mountains Natural Resources Predicting Earthquakes Inside of Earth Effects of Soil Erosion Minerals I will be able to define and describe the five branches of Earth Science. What are the Branches of Earth Science? • Meteorology – The study of Earth’s atmosphere. • Meteorologists gather information about conditions in the atmosphere from around the world. • Forecast weather. Meteorologist Chasing Tornadoes Predicting Hurricanes Predicting the Weather Wind Patterns in North Wales The Ozone Layer The Layers of the Atmosphere I will be able to define and describe the five branches of Earth Science. What are the Branches of Earth Science? • Oceanography – The study of Earth’s oceans. • Oceanographer s study: – Chemistry of the ocean. – Shape of the ocean floor. – Organisms living in them. Studying Tsunamis Oceanographer Coral reefs Cold/Warm Ocean Currents Studying what makes up ocean water. Ocean life zones Recording tides Ocean floor Studying the Intertidal Zone Wave patterns at the beach