NAME _________________________________________ PERIOD _______ DATE ___________________
MID-TERM STUDY GUIDE
1. Which instrument (meter stick/ruler, balance or graduated cylinder) would you use to measure the
following:
volume _ graduated cylinder ____ length _ meter stick/ruler ____ mass ___ balance _____
2. Measure the key in both centimeters and millimeters. _______3.3_____ cm. = ________33___ mm.
3. Using the balance below, find the mass of the object. _____189.40 g_____
4. What is the volume of the liquid in cylinder A? __20 mL__
What is the volume of the liquid in cylinder B? __40 mL____
Using water displacement, what is the volume of the rock?
40mL – 20 mL = 20mL
5. If the mass of the rock is 60 grams, what is the density of the
rock?
D=m/v
D= 60 g/ 20mL = 3 g/mL
6. Label each of the items below as element (E), compound (C) or mixture (M).
__C___ H2O (water) _____E____ Copper (Cu)
_____M___ Air (N2 + O2)
7. Label the nucleus, proton, neutron and electron on the atom.
electron
+
neutron
Proton
Nucleus
_______8. If the atomic number of an element is 26, and its mass number is 56, how many protons does
the element have?
A. 13
B. 26
C. 30
D. 56
______ 9. If the atomic number of an element is 26 and its mass number is 56, how many neutrons does
the element have?
A. 13
B. 26
Atomic mass – Atomic = # of neutrons
C. 30
D. 56
56 – 26 = 30
10. Fill in the table to describe each state of matter.
Shape
(definite or not
definite)
State of matter
Volume
(definite or not
definite)
Motion of
particles (fast,
medium, slow)
Density of
particles (far
apart, very far
apart, close
together)
solid
Yes
Yes
Slow
Close together
liquid
No
Yes
Medium
Far enough to slide
around
gas
No
No
Fast
Far apart
Phase change
Melting
_______ changes to a _______. (example liquid to solid)
Heat added or removed?
Solid to liquid
Added
Liquid to gas
Added
Sublimation
Solid to gas
Added
Condensation
Gas to liquid
Removed
Liquid to solid
removed
Evaporation
Freezing
11. Fill in the following table.
12. Using the periodic table, for the element Sodium (Na) determine the:
Atomic number = ____11_________
Mass number = ____23____________
Protons = ____11____Equals atomic #
Neutrons = ____12____Equals the atomic mass – atomic number
Electrons = ____11___Equals atomic #
13. Below are examples of physical and chemical changes. Place a Letter P next to the physical changes,
and a Letter C next to the chemical changes.
__C___ rusting metal
__P___ripping paper
_p____ salt dissolving in water
__C__burning wood
__p___water freezing
___C__ mixing 2 liquids and a gas evolves.
A chemical change will produce something different than what you start with. If you burn paper, you do not have
paper when you are done- chemical change. If you freeze water- you still have water- physical change.
14. Density of Liquid A = 1.98 g/mL
Density of Liquid B = 0.75 g/mL
Density of Liquid C = 1.14 g/mL
Density of Liquid D = 0.50 g/mL
D
B
If the liquids were poured into a beaker, they create a density column.
Using the densities, label the beaker.
C
A
15. Write the formula to calculate density. What is the density of the object if the mass is 500 grams and has a
volume of 250 ml? Will this object sink or float when placed in water? Explain your answer.
The density of water is 1.0 g/mL D=m/v
D=
D= 500g/250mL= 2g/mL
2 g/mL
________16. A student was given a mineral sample that has a hardness of 2.5, a density of 2.6 g/cm3
and a greasy luster. Using the table above, which mineral best fits this description?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Silver
Halite
Bauxite
Serpentine
Using Moh’s Hardness scale, answer questions #17-19.
17. If an unknown mineral is scratched by apatite but scratches calcite, what is the unknown
mineral’s hardness?
1-2
3-4
5-6
Talc
Feldspar
18. Which of the following minerals is the hardest?
Topaz
Quartz
19. Which of the following minerals will not scratch glass?
Feldspar
Fluorite
Quartz
Topaz
20.Which of the following would be used as a gemstone?
Talc
Calcite Feldspar Corrundum
Corundum would be because it is hard, durable, & can be polished. All the other minerals are too soft.
________21. If a coal mine was built in a town next to a river, what might be an environmental concern?
A.
B.
C.
D.
air pollution
water pollution
soil pollution
all of the above
22. Sequence the 5 steps of the formation of a sedimentary rock. #1 is first; #5 is last.
_5__ cementation
__2_ erosion
___4___ compaction
__1___ weathering
___3___ deposition
_______23. Sedimentary rocks are classified into the 3 groups (clastic, chemical, organic) by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
texture
hardness
how they form (what it’s made of).
crystal size
________24. Which of the following clues would lead you to classify a rock as sedimentary?
A.
B.
C.
D.
layers of sediment.
fossils found within the rock.
mud cracks and ripple marks.
All of the above.
Types of Sedimentary rocks:
chemical
clastic
organic
25. A rock that is made of material that was once living is a(n) _________ organic _________
sedimentary rock.
26. A rock that forms when water evaporates and leaves minerals behind is a _____ chemical _________
sedimentary rock.
27. A rock made of broken fragments or pieces is a ___________ clastic ________
sedimentary rock.
28. Fill in the following table:
Type of Igneous rock
Where does it form?
Crystal size?
Example?
Intrusive
Underground
Large
Granite
Extrusive
Above ground
Small
basalt
________29. Rocks are classified into the three major groups (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic) by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
physical properties
hardness
how they form
density
30. True or False:
_True_____ All 3 rock types (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic) can become a metamorphic rock.
_______ 31. Which factor(s) can cause mechanical weathering?
A.
B.
C.
D.
ice wedging (water freezing in cracks)
abrasion (grinding away by water & wind)
animal action (burrowing/digging)
all of the above
_______ 32. Burrowing animals contribute to the development of soil because they:
A.
B.
C.
D.
mix the soil when digging.
leave holes for air and water to get in.
add organic material when they die and decay.
all of the above.
_________ 33. What is the very first step in soil formation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
weather rocks mix with organic material.
a layer of humus forms on top of soil profile.
weathering breaks down parent rock into small pieces.
decomposers break down organic matter.
Below is a scenario. Read it carefully and answer Questions #33-39.
A. Shara wanted to find out if flowers grew faster with sugar in the water.
B. She believed the sugar would make the flower grow faster.
C. Shara filled 4 jars with 200 ml of water. Jar A had 10 ml of sugar added; Jar B had 20 ml. of
sugar added and Jar C had 30 ml. of sugar added.
D. Jar D had no sugar in it.
E. The flowers in the sugar water all died. The more sugar in the water, the faster the flowers
died.
F. The flower in Jar D ( no sugar) lasted for 10 days.
34. In which statement does Shara explain her hypothesis?
A
B
C
35. Which sentence states the problem?
A
B
C
36. Which statement explains the experiment?
A
B
C
37. What statement is Shara’s conclusion?
C
D
E
38. The independent variable is the:
amount of sugar
amount of water
the time the flowers lasted
39. The dependent variable is the:
amount of sugar
amount of water
the time the flowers lasted
jar with no sugar
the time the flowers lasted
40. The control in the experiment is the:
amount of sugar