The Fall of China’s Last Dynasty
I. Unpopular Regime
A. ___________ Dynasty (1644-1911) was founded by ____________ invaders.
B. Contact between Han and Manchus _______________.
C. China was ___________________________________.
II. European Influences
A. _______________________________
1. Europeans had to _______________and ____________ to trade in China.
2. Europeans could only trade with ____________________________.
B. Opium Trade
1. England bought _____________________________, but China bought
____________________________, creating an ______________________
of trade for the English.
2. England imported ______________________ into China from
_____________ (___________________________ trade).
3. After ten years of battling opium, emperor took drastic actions.
a. Europeans ____________________.
b. ______________________ of opium destroyed.
c. Addicts _______________________.
4. ______________________ (1839-1842)
a. England ____________________________________________.
C. Treaty of _____________________
1. Ended _______________________.
2. First of the “_____________________”, which favored the ___________.
3. _________________________ to European trade.
4. Gave England _____________________ as a colony.
D. European Influence Grows
1. __________________- areas of China controlled by Europeans and Japan.
2. __________________- foreigners couldn’t be tried in Chinese courts.
3. __________________- US failed policy to open all of China to trade.
III. _________________________ (1851-1864)
A. Causes
1. _______________________________
2. Changes caused by _____________________
B. Leader
1. __________________________, a village __________________.
2. Thought he was ___________________________.
C. __________________________________________________
1. ____________________________ gained by rebels.
2. ________ of China taken over.
3. Promoted __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________.
D. Outcomes
1. _________________ helped crush rebellion.
2. ____________________ dead.
3. Qing Dynasty ____________________.
4. _______________________ influence increased.
IV. Population and Ecology
A. Population increased by _______ %, but cultivated land only increased by
_______%.
Statistics
 1741 population
142 million
 1851 population
432 million
 1701 farmland
8 million ching
 1850 farmland
10 million ching
(1 ching = 15 acres)
B. Famine
1. _____________led to _____________ from 1876 to 1879.
2. Government was ___________________ to help.
3. _____________________ died
V. Poor Leadership
A. ___________, the ________________________________
1. ____________________ who produced the emperor’s ______________.
2. She was the “___________________________” while her son and
nephew were emperor.
3. She supported the _______________, the “________________________
_____________________________” who unsuccessfully rebelled against _____________________ in 1900.
4. At the time of her death, she chose _____________, the emperor’s
________________________ nephew, as the new emperor.
B. Pu Yi, the Last Emperor
1. Took the throne in 1908 at age of three.
2. Abdicated after the _______________________________ of 1911.
3. Later ruled _________________________________as a puppet of the
____________________government during ________________.
4. Spent his last years in Communist China as a ____________________
__________________________.
VI. Republican Revolution of _______________
A. ________________________: European-trained _______________ who led the
revolution.
1. Sun’s Three Principles of the People
a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
B. _______________________: Manchu general who became _______________
_________________________________________________________________.
1. Tried to make himself ________________.
2. Died in 1916, throwing country into _____________.