40
40
WORKING
IN PARTNERSHIP
In countries of the South
In the French overseas territories
In mainland France
41
44
46
IN COUNTRIES OF THE SOUTH
In 2004 the IRD consolidated its European connections, deepened its partnerships in the South
and expanded its institutional presence in the French research system. Multilateral cooperation
received fresh impetus and better visibility, in work with the CGIAR (Consultative Group on
International Agricultural Research) and its research centres and with the United Nations
organisations concerned with food and agriculture, meteorology, education, science and culture,
and health.
The IRD played an important part in French discussions on official development aid in the
High Council for International Cooperation and the Interministerial Committee for International
Cooperation and Development.
Among the IRD’s international highlights in 2004 were consultation meetings with the
International Rice Research Institute and the International Water Resource Management
Institute, jointly organised by the IRD, CIRAD and Cemagref. The meetings redefined the
principles and conditions of collaboration between research teams. The IRD led a French
delegation at the launch conference for the FAO’s International Rice Year. Collaboration with the
World Meteorological Organisation concerned continuation of the IRD’s co-ordinating role in the
Mediterranean component of Whycos (World Hydrological Cycle Observing System), and above
all our technical assistance for the Niger and Volta river components of Whycos. The Institute
also played a part in the renewal of the framework agreement between France and the WHO, so
strengthening the institutional grounding of our collaboration with that organisation.
41
Summit of French-speaking
heads of state in Ouagadougou
During this summit, the IRD, the Agence
Universitaire de la Francophonie, the Centre Muraz
in Burkina Faso and the demography research
unit at Ouagadougou University organised a oneday science seminar on “Population, health and
sustainable development in sub-Saharan Africa.
The seminar covered the demographic and health
transitions and highlighted the importance of urban
growth in current economic, social and public health
processes. The Ouagadougou summit also provided
the opportunity for a knowledge update on the AIDS
epidemic, malaria and maternal and infant mortality
in Africa and a critical review of the Millennium
Development Goals.
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Rurale, on the future of the Niger river, is still under way. In South Africa
Africa,
the NEPAD programme (New Partnership for Africa’s Development) started
up; for this programme, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has appointed the
IRD to co-ordinate the French research offering for water science and
technology in Africa.
Mediterranean
Sub-Saharan Africa and Indian Ocean
In 2004 the IRD sought a more balanced position between the French- and
English-speaking parts of Africa and an opening to the Portuguese-speaking
area that includes Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau. The first stages of the
future IRD/CIRAD action plan were concretised by the establishment of
a joint site in Cameroon and projects for joint representation in Kenya
and South Africa. Other partnerships were tightened, e.g. a framework
agreement was signed with the government of Benin, on health and the
AMMA programme (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis), and
consultation meetings were held with Cameroon and Madagascar.
Second Franco-Moroccan scientific cooperation symposium
Organised by the French embassy, the Moroccan
Ministry of Education, Higher Education, Manager
Training and Research, this symposium was attended
by numerous representatives of French research.
Among the subjects covered were Morocco’s
integration into the European knowledge area, postgraduate schools, and renewal of the cooperation
system, mainly through the implementation of a
sustainable development agreement signed in 2004
between the Moroccan Education and Research
ministry, the French Agriculture ministry, Cemagref,
CIRAD, INRA and the IRD.
In Senegal, the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership
for new microbicidal drugs and vaccines for use against AIDS, malaria and
tuberculosis was launched in February. A clinical AIDS research centre was
built, thanks to collaboration between the IRD, the French AIDS research
agency ANRS and the Fann hospital in Dakar. There was an increase in the
number of IRD researchers seconded to partner institutions, Cheikh Antar
Diop University in Dakar particularly.
IRD work in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia was considerably strengthened.
In Algeria, where a partnership began in 2003, new framework agreements
and conventions were signed with the National Hydraulic Resources
Agency and the National Centre for Applied Research in Paraseismic
Engineering. The Algerian Ministry for Higher Education and Research
commissioned the IRD, CNRS and Inserm to review progress in the Algerian
research evaluation system. In Tunisia, the fifth consultation meeting with
the Secretary of State for Scientific Research and Technology discussed
collaborative work in soil science, water science, biotechnology, health and
the human and social sciences. Also discussed at that meeting was the EuroMediterranean dimension of the partnership with Tunisia and the creation of
permanent structures involving the IRD and Tunisian institutions. In Egypt,
research continues in the social sciences and applied virology. Programmes
in Lebanon were strengthened and in
Syria a new agreement with
the Arab Center for the Studies
of Arid zones and Drylands was
signed.
In Burkina Faso, the problem of water for sustainable development
was addressed at the sixth national forum for scientific research and
technological innovation.
IRD work in Mali was strengthened with the arrival of several hydrologists
under the Niger River priority Solidarity Fund and a team for the AMMA
programme. A joint expert group review with Mali’s Institit d’Economie
42
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Latin America
Asia/Pacific
In Ecuador,, thirty years of IRD research in that country were celebrated in 2004. A
number of agreements and conventions were signed in Argentina, Colombia, Mexico
and Peru, and a major symposium on glacier retreat was held in Huaraz, Peru – all
clear signs of the Institute’s vitality in Latin America.
The Institute continued its scientific activity in Asia, with a special focus on
Thailand, where the partnership was strengthened by the signing of two cooperation
agreements for research into emerging virus diseases and management of rice fields
damaged by salinity. Franco-Thai research cooperation also took a new turn with
the introduction of a system of calls for projects on targeted subjects.
In Brazil, the programme on the hydrology and geochemistry of the Amazon basin
was extended to Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador. A study of biodiversity and sustainable
management of natural resources in Amazonia began, with CIRAD, Brazilian
partners and support from the French Biodiversity Institute. On the health side, an
agreement was signed with the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation to manufacture synthetic
quinoline, an effective drug for treating leishmaniasis and the virus that causes
adult T-cell leukemia.
On 26 December, an earthquake of magnitude 9 on the Richter scale near the
north-western tip of Sumatra triggered a tsunami that had devastating effects for
several Indian Ocean countries notably Indonesia, Thailand and Sri Lanka. The IRD
mobilised at once to assist the countries hit according to its competencies and
participated non-stop in reconstruction work led by local partners.
Programmes in Bolivia were strengthened, particularly in health, ecology/health
and glaciology; social science programmes started up. A series of science lectures
was organised with the French ambassador and the French Institute for Andean
Studies, and a joint documentation centre was opened.
In Chile, cooperation in environmental geology was organised with the University
of Chile and the National Geology and Mines Department. Research programmes
in physical oceanography and human and social sciences expanded. The IRD also
helped young Chilean researchers join government research institutions as teacherresearchers.
An opening to Uzbekistan took practical shape with the signing of a social sciences
agreement with the French Institute for Central Asian Studies. In India, stronger
and more permanent collaboration with the Bangalore Institute of Science in
the field of water science was made official. In Vietnam and Laos, framework
agreements were renewed with the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology
and the National University of Laos.
Discussions began towards wider social science cooperation with China, and other
subjects were also addressed. For the Pacific zone, a Franco-Australian protocol of
agreement for agriculture and the terrestrial environment was signed; it involves
Cemagref, CIRAD, the CNRS, INRA, the IRD and two Australian institutions.
Contact dri@paris.ird.fr
43
Cooperation with the European
Union
The IRD began to broaden the range of its activities
with the European Union in 1989. In 2004 this trend
continued and was accentuated. Midway through
the sixth Framework Programme (2002-2006), the
IRD mobilised to participate in seven projects in the
programme’s priority areas: water (the Aquastress
project), health (the Shiva project), emerging diseases
linked to climate change (Eden), marine ecosystems
(Eur-Oceans), climate (AMMA) and desertification
(DeSurvey). The Research Directorate General’s
international cooperation programme remains a
priority for the IRD. At the time of the first proposals,
twelve projects involving the Institute were selected,
on topics concerning cultural heritage, health, climate
change, environment, sustainable development and
international co-ordination, and three specific support
actions in support of Euro-Mediterranean cooperation
strategy: Estime, Asbimed and Euro-Medanet. The
IRD also has sustained relationships with several EU
Directorates-General, through the European Regional
Development Fund and other European bodies such
as the Joint Research Centre in Ispra and Seville and
the EU Statistical Office. The Institute also plays a part
in the European Consortium for Agricultural Research
in the Tropics.
The IRD in Brussels
The IRD has appointed a representative in Brussels
to strengthen our European roots. With the 7th
Framework Programme under preparation, the IRD’s
representative is the chair of CLORA, the French
research institutions’ Club in Brussels, for 2005.
IN THE FRENCH
OVERSEAS TERRITORIES
In the French tropical dependencies, the IRD has been working in New
Caledonia, French Guiana, Martinique, La Réunion and French Polynesia
since 1946. More than 60 researchers and 120 engineers and technicians
are working in these territories, which represent 12.3% of the Institute’s
operating resources. Because of the range and importance of the problems
research has to address in these outlying territories, the French institutions
working there – CIRAD, Ifremer, INRA, the IRD and, more recently, the
BRGM and Cemagref – take a concerted approach. All in all they have
1,200 staff in the tropical dependencies.
New Caledonia and French Polynesia
Corals of New Caledonia:
a mine of information
Coral reefs provide vital information for reconstituting
past climate change in tropical regions, particularly
the changes that occurred during the last deglaciation.
In a study conducted in the south-western Pacific
with Australian and American scientists, Diploastrea
coral in Vanuatu was used to analyse past sea surface
temperatures and salinity. The results show that there
was no South Pacific convergence zone at the time
of the northern hemisphere cooling episode 12,000
years ago. On a different scale, a programme by the
National Institute of Universe Sciences showed that
the New Caledonia barrier reef built up during the last
interglacial periods by a succession reefs growing
on earlier layers, a process shaped by variations in
sea levels and the continual sinking of the ocean
margins. The last interglacial, the most productive
of carbonate, was the most similar to our present
climate. Scientists are also using coral analysis to
reconstitute the ENSO phenomenon (El Niño and La
Niña) in the south-western and central Pacific at
various timescales.
Contact Guy.Cabioch@noumea.ird.nc
In August 2004 the Conference of French research in the Pacific was held
in Nouméa. The conference reviewed research in New Caledonia, French
Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna and neighbouring States, and worked out
future directions for joint research. Discussions covered biodiversity, natural
resource management, geological risk assessment and linkages between
traditional knowledge and modern medicine, with a view to stronger regional
collaboration in research. Deputy Minister for Research François d’Aubert
announced the creation of a national technology research centre for “nickel
and the environment” in New Caledonia, in partnership with mine operators
there. Expansion of the New Caledonia and French Polynesia universities
was also discussed.
The land use and water management plan for the Loyalty Islands, started in
2000, was completed in 2004. The project involved the IRD, the University
of New Caledonia, the University of Orléans and Loyalty Islands Province.
It included research into the health of populations, protection of water
resources and biodiversity management in the islands. An expert group review
on invasive species commissioned by the government and the Provinces of
New Caledonia, representing local authorities, began.
Agricultural research continued, and a framework agreement between the
IRD and New Caledonia’s Agronomy Institute was finalised. On the impact
of global climate change, the groundwork was laid for new collaborative
44
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work between the IRD and the START-Oceania programme (global change
SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training), mainly for monitoring El
Niño.
In the Pacific zone, the inventory of floral heritage made substantial progress
in 2004 with the publication of the second volume of the IRD’s Polynesian
flora.
A technology platform was created in French Polynesia to develop
commercial utilisation of natural substances from the local flora and
marine organisms. This was initiated by the Ministry of Research under the
development contract between the State and French Polynesia. It involves
the University, CIRAD, the IRD and private companies in the agri-food and
cosmetics industries.
An international meeting on modelling circulation in coral atoll lagoons was
held at the IRD centre in Tahiti, at the initiative of the CoRéUs research unit.
Its main aim was to improve pearl oyster management in Pacific atolls.
On the fishery side, a satellite data receiving station came into operation.
It gives the Fishery Service access to the direct, real-time observation
capabilities of wide angle, wide spectrum satellites. It will serve to monitor
the seascape throughout French Polynesia’s exclusive economic zone – more
than five million km2 – and to aid fish resource management.
French Guiana
In French Guiana, the seventh international Ecolab
conference gave an update on scientific progress on topics
connected with development in northern Amazonia.
The Ecolab network includes French and Brazilian
researchers, partners in politics and the voluntary
sector, and local community representatives. It covers
cross-cutting subjects concerning the physical, biological and social
environments in areas influenced by the Amazon. The Association for the
Study and Development of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants organised
an international meeting attended by producers, pharmacists, scientists,
legal experts, elected officials and the voluntary sector. A dissemination
meeting was held to mark the completion of the expert group review on
Dengue in the French Départements of America.
Martinique-Caribbean
The Martinique agricultural research hub (PRAM), which involves
Cemagref, CIRAD, INRA and the IRD, has a nematology laboratory
conducting research and consultancy to find alternatives to the use of
pesticides in tropical agriculture. One component is studying the sources
of nematode resistance in banana trees grown from in vitro plantlets.
In soil science, the laboratory received fresh impetus with the arrival of
two researchers and the introduction of new techniques for measuring
soil organic matter. The Cahiers du PRAM published the main results of
a programme co-ordinated by the IRD with support from the Ministry
for Ecology and Sustainable Development, to identify soil management
methods that may help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Work on Creole languages, funded by the Martinique Conseil Régional
and the Ministry for Overseas Dependencies, continues. In anthropology,
three students supervised by an IRD researcher were preparing theses
on the French Antilles. Relations with the University of the Antilles
and French Guiana were consolidated, with the IRD hosting and
supervising students and IRD staff giving lectures. Subjects concerned
were anthropology, linguistics, soil science, fishery science and medical
entomology. Expert group reviews on Dengue in the French Départements
of America and Organic Agriculture in Martinique were delivered to
the commissioning authorities. A conference was held to discuss the
conclusions of an expert group review on erosion and revegetation of the
Caravelle peninsula, commissioned by the Martinique Regional Natural
Park.
La Réunion
A project on remote sensing and the study of land use patterns, initiated
by CIRAD, the IRD, the Réunion Regional Council and the island’s
five inter-commune public sector establishments, mapped land use on
the island by processing SPOT satellite images. These will be valuable
aids for practical urban and rural land use management. It was the
French space research centre CNES that made the project possible by
putting satellite images of La Réunion at the researchers’ disposal free
of charge to promote the use of remote sensing.
Contact dom@paris.ird.fr
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IN MAINLAND FRANCE
Montpellier
Centre de biologie et de gestion des populations - INRA : 12
Cemagref : 7
Cirad - LPCR : 3
INRA - Ensam - Sciences du sol : 11
Laboratoire matière organique des sols tropicaux : 6
Laboratoire symbioses tropicales / méditerranéennes (Lstm) : 8
École nationale du génie rural (Engref) : 4
Centre écologie fonctionnelle évolutive/Cnrs (Cefe) : 4
Agropolis : 1
Institut Bouisson-département maladies infectieuses : 3
Laboratoire commun Ird/Imvt-Cirad : 7
Parc scientifique Agropolis II. Unité de service 018 IRD : 1
Université Montpellier I : 1
Université Montpellier II
Labo. génomes et populations : 1
Déterminisme et conséquences des efflorescences algales : 1
Maison des sciences de l’eau : 20
Saint-Christol-lès-Alès
Laboratoire de pathologie comparée - Inra - Université : 1
Paris
École des hautes études en sciences sociales
Centre d’études africaines : 6
Centre de recherche Brésil contemporain : 1
Centre d’études Inde et Asie du Sud : 1
Muséum
Département hommes, nature, société : 6
Département de systématique et évolution : 3
Laboratoire de minéralogie : 1
Laboratoire de phanérogamie : 1
Laboratoire d’ichtyologie : 3
Laboratoire d’océanographie physique : 1
Laboratoire d’entomologie : 3
Universités
Paris I
Institut d’étude du développement économique et social (Iedes) : 2
Paris V
Laboratoire de parasitologie : 6
Paris VI
Laboratoire de minéralogie cristallographie : 3
Laboratoire Lodyc : 13
Unité mixte Sisyphe : 1
Institut santé-développement (isd) : 3
Paris X
Laboratoire géotropiques, Nanterre : 2
Cered : 2
Paris XI
Laboratoire écologie végétale, Orsay : 1
Institut biologie animale Cnrs - Orsay : 1
Laboratoire populations, génétique et évolution-Ird/Cnrs.
Gif-sur-Yvette : 6
Faculté de pharmacie - Chatenay Malabry : 1
CNRS
Centre d’études des langues indigènes d’Amérique (Celia) : 2
Lacito UPR 3121 - Villejuif : 1
Préhistoire et technologie - Meudon : 1
Délégation à l’information et à la communication : 1
Centre population et développement (CEPED) - Nogent : 5
Laboratoire sciences du climat et environnement Gif-sur-Yvette : 1
46
Sète
Centre de recherche halieutique méditerranéenne : 29
Toulouse
Centre d’étude spatiale de la biosphère(Cesbio) : 4
Groupement de recherche Géodésique spatial : 1
Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3
Laboratoire d’hydrobiologie : 1
Laboratoire des mécanismes de transferts en géologie (Lmtg) : 13
Laboratoire de pharmacochimie des substances naturelles
et pharmacophores Redox : 4
GIP Mercator Océan Toulouse - Interventions à la mer et
observatoire océanique : 1
Pierre Fabre Médicaments - Unité mixte de recherche 1973.
Medias France/CNES : 2
Laboratoire d’études en géophysique et océanographie spatiales
(Legos) : 12
Nice/Villefranche-sur-Mer/Sophia Antipolis
Observatoire océanographique - UMR Geosciences Azur : 15
École normale supérieure : 1
Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin
C3ED : 4
Autres
GIS/Dial : 11
Agence nationale de recherche sur le sida (Anrs) : 1
Centre de recherches de l’Amérique latine : 1
Cirad : 1
Ministère de la recherche : 1
Marseille
Université de Provence - Aix - Marseille I
Laboratoire population - environnement - développement : 13
Groupement de recherche en économie quantitative Aix-Marseille : 1
Institut des études africaines : 5
Université de Méditérrannée - Aix - Marseille II
Centre océanologique de Marseille : 7
Centre de formation et de recherche en médecine tropicale : 1
Laboratoire de microbiologie (Baim) : 18
Laboratoire de médecine tropicale : 1
Université Aix-Marseille III
Cerège : 2
Centre d’analyse et de mathématique sociale (Cams) : 1
Head offices
26
4
262
Brest
1
5
Bondy
177
100
Ile-de-France
Rennes
29 Orléans
ClermontFerrand
2
Bordeaux
Talence
6 Pessac
Centre
Toulouse
Castanet Tolosan
Castres 39
Pau
264
Lyon
Perpignan
IRD Center
5
Thonon-les-Bains
19 Le Bourget du Lac
Grenoble
5
Montpellier
Nice
Villefranche-sur-Mer
Sophia Antipolis
87
15
31 Sète
2
au 31/12/04
Strasbourg
Nancy
49
Marseille
Aix-en-Provence
Other placements
87
Tenured staff
Grenoble
Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1
Laboratoire d’études des transferts en hydrologie
et environnement (Lthe) : 9
Laboratoire de glaciologie et de géophysique de l’environnement
(LGGE) : 2
Laboratoire de géophysique interne tectonophysique (Lgit) : 4
Université de Savoie - Le Bourget-du-Lac
Laboratoire de géophysique interne tectonophysique (Lgit) : 5
Thonon
Inra - Station d’hydrobiologie lacustre : 1
Bordeaux/Pessac
CNRS - Maison des Suds : 5
Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4
Centre d’économie du développement : 1
Perpignan
Université de Perpignan
Écosystémique des communautés récifales et de leurs usages : 3
Génomique appliquée au riz : 2
Lyon
Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I
Laboratoire écologie microbiologie : 2
Écologie des hydrosystèmes : 3
Strasbourg
Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I
Institut de physique du globe : 2
Faculté de géographie : 1
Centre de géochimie de la surface :1
Nancy
CNRS/Centre de recherches pétrographiques et géochimiques : 1
Clermont-Ferrand
Université Blaise Pascal - Laboratoire magmas et volcans : 2
Brest
Ifremer : 4
Rennes
Inra : 1
Le Havre
Station de météorologie océanique : 1
Pau
Université de Pau et des pays de l’Adour .
Institut de recherche sur les sociétés et l’aménagement : 2
GIS, GIP and GDR partnerships and national and regional programmes
The IRD is involved in various forms of partnership within the French science community:
scientific interest groupings (GIS), public interest groupings (GIP), economic interest groupings
(GIE), research groupings (GDR) and regional and national multidisciplinary programmes.
Modernising the IRD in an updated
national framework
In 2004 the IRD’s scientific decision bodies examined
changes to the research unit structure and validated a new
structure consisting of 83 units. The Institute continued to
strengthen its research links in France through 26 joint units
with universities or other research and higher education
establishments, the Federative Research Institutes (IFR),
GIS, GIP and GIE partnerships and national programmes.
In the new form of budget presentation introduced by
the blueprint law on Finance Acts, the IRD answers to
the interministerial mission of “research and university
education” and within this to Programme 4, entitled
“research in the field of environmental and resource
management”.This programme, part of whose purpose is to
assist development in Southern countries through scientific
and technical partnership, also includes the BRGM,
Cemagref, CIRAD, Ifremer and INRA. The new budgetary
and accounting framework gives better consistency between
the presentation of the budget and the organisation of the
IRD’s research activities. The work is structured under six
headings: environmental hazards and the safety of Southern
communities: sustainable management of ecosystems;
continental and coastal water resources and their use;
food security; health in the South (epidemics, endemic and
emerging diseases, healthcare systems); economic, social,
identity and spatial dynamics issues. The IRD is the first
public sector research establishment to have introduced
the new accounting system.
The joint research units
Groupements d’intérêt scientifique (scientific interest groupings)
The momentum of creating joint research units (UMRs)
with French partners continued in 2004. Five UMRs
had their terms renewed: Géosciences Azur in Nice; the
Population-EnvironmentDevelopment
Laboratory
(LPED) in Marseille; the European Centre for Research and
Education in the Environmental Geosciences (CEREGE) in
Aix-en-Provence; the Magmas and Volcanoes Laboratory
in Clermont-Ferrand; and Genomics and Evolution of
Infectious Diseases (GEMI) in Toulouse.
The Federative
(IFRs)
Research
Institutes
The Institute is a member of the IFRs covering the
following subjects: tropical and Mediterranean continental
biodiversity; the Languedoc Water and Environment
Research Institute (ILEE); functioning and management
of natural and cultivated continental tropical and
Mediterranean terrestrial ecosystems(ECOSYSTEM);
plant genomics and integrative biology (CBIP); Arnaud
Sabatier: aquatic ecosystems: anthropisation, functioning
and production; applied basic ecology; agro-industrial
biotechnology (IBAIM); environment and regional
management (EGER); cell biology and infection processes;
human, economic and social sciences of health, AixMarseille.
Cooperation agreements
With 126 research agreements running, the IRD is involved
in numerous joint programmes or support and training
projects in Africa and the Mediterranean, America, the
French tropical dependencies and Asia. Among the 84
research agreements signed in 2004, 26 were with a French
research or teaching establishment.
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
GIS
CEPED: centre for population and development
Sol: sustainable soil heritage management
Sciences de l’Eau: Water sciences
Curare: Academic discussion Centre for an agency for environmental hazards
BRG: Genetic resources bureau
Sylvolab: tropical rainforest ecosystems
Institut français de la biodiversité: French Biodiversity Institute
Génoplante recherche: plant genomics
Estet: environment, earth and water sciences
Pisciculture tropicale et méditerranéenne: tropical and Mediterranean fish
farming
PCSI: Joint programme on irrigated systems
Amérique latine: Latin America
Génopôle: genetics hub
Cyanobactéries (GRISCYA): cyanobacteria
Aire développement: scientific and financial support for scientific communities
in the South
Groupements d’intérêt public, Groupements d’intérêt économique, Sociétés par
action simplifiée (public interest groupings, economic interest groupings, joint stock
companies)
GIS
GIP
GIP
GIP
GIP
GIP
GIE
GIE
GIE
SAS
Renater: National telecommunications network for technology, education and
research
Ecofor: knowledge of temperate, Mediterranean and tropical forest ecosystems
Médias France: global change and regional impacts
Mercator Océan: ocean and climate forecasting
ANRS: national AIDS research agency
OST: science and technology monitoring unit
EDCTP: European clinical trials facility
Dial: international intervention and development
Génavir: management of oceanographic survey vessels
Génoplante Valor: intellectual property for plant genomes
GDR: Groupement de recherche (research grouping)
GRD
Marges: dynamics of continental margins
National programmes
PNEC:
PNEDC:
PATOM:
PROOF:
PNTS:
AMMA:
ECCO:
RELIEFS:
coastal environment
climate dynamics
atmosphere/earth/ocean, multi-scale
biogeochemical processes in ocean fluxes
remote sensing from space
African monsoon multidisciplinary analysis
Programme Génomique des glossines: Glossina genomics
continental ecosphere: environmental hazards
Earth reliefs
Regional programmes
ZONECO:
ZEPOLYF:
evaluation of marine resources in New Caledonia’s exclusive economic zone
Inventory and mapping of seamounts in French Polynesia’s exclusive economic
zone
47