International Telecommunication Union
Middleware
Arve Meisingset
WP3/10 chairman
Telenor R&D, Norway
ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop
Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
Middleware
Definitions
Here:
Software that supports process interactions
Alternatives:
o
Software that hides communication protocols
o
Software that replaces communication protocols
o
o
o
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Software that hides computer platforms
Software that provides a technology independent
programming environment
Software that supports Open Systems Interactions
ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Session Initiation Protocol
SIP IETF RFC 2543
Applications
Clients
Service layer
Call control
Switching & Routing
o
o
o
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Application
Broker
Function
SIP
Signalling Gateway
Function
Signalling Gateway
Function
Call Control
Function
Call Control
Function
Media
Gateway
Function
Media
Server
Function
Media
Gateway
Function
Associated to HTTP and SMTP
Compete with H.323 and SS7
Applied in 3GPP
ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Open Service Architecture
OSA 3GPP
Applications
Interfaces
OSA
Server
Service Capability Servers
API
Network
HLR
HLR
CSE
Application
o
Mobile networks
SCSs:
o
Call Control, Data session, User Location, User Status,
Terminal Capabilities, Message Transfer
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Parlay
Forum
Applications
API
Framework
Service Interfaces
<discovery, security, managebility>
<call control, mobility, messaging>
Internal Interfaces
Network
Resource
Resource
Resource
Application
o
Convergence of fixed networks
Initiating organisations
o
BT, Microsoft, Nortel Networks, Siemens, Ulticom, …
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Multimedia Home Platform
ETSI DVB
Home PCs
API
Middleware
Network
Content provider software
Content provider software
Application
o
Digital Video Broadcast, interactive return channels
Technologies
o
Java RMI, MPEG, IP
Based on
o
DAVIC, ISO, ITU-T SG16
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Jini
Appl
Client
Applications
Lookup
Jini
Java
OS
HW
4
Discovery and Join
3
Lookup
Service
1
Discovery
Service
2
Join
Service
Service
Provides
o
Discovery, join, lookup, software distribution and
communication
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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TMN
SG4
Work Station Functions
f
OSS 1
OSS 1
x
TMN
Domain
OSS 1
q
Network
Resource
Resource
Resource
Application
o
Management
Protocol neutral specification
Collaboration
CMIP, CORBA, SNMP, tML
o
TeleManagement Forum o
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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ODP: Framework
viewpoint language, functions, transparency
prescriptions Q14/7 revised
SG4 adaption G.850 series
Entreprise Viewpoint
Information Viewpoint
Computational Viewpoint
ODP
’System
’
Engineering Viewpoint
Technical Viewpoint
Describe Interacting processes:
o
Concurrency, lack of global state, partial failures,
asynchronisity
Does not necessarily ensure global consistency
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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ODP: Open Distributed
Processing
Q14/7 revised
[X.901] Recommendation X.901 (08/97) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Reference
Model: Overview
[X.902] Recommendation X.902 (11/95) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Reference
Model: Foundations
[X.903] Recommendation X.903 (11/95) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Reference
Model: Architecture
[X.904] Recommendation X.904 (12/97) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Reference
Model: Architectural semantics
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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ODP: Open Distributed
Processing
[X.904 Amend.1] Amendment 1 (03/00) to
Recommendation X.904 - Computational formalization
- To be published
[X.910] Recommendation X.910 (09/98) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Naming
framework
[X.920] Recommendation X.920 (12/97) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Interface
definition language
[X.930] Recommendation X.930 (09/98) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Interface
references and binding
[X.931] Recommendation X.931 (06/99) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Protocol
support for computational interactions
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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ODP: Open Distributed
Processing
[X.950] Recommendation X.950 (08/97) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Trading
function: Specification
[X.952] Recommendation X.952 (12/97) - Information
technology - Open distributed processing - Trading
function: Provision of trading function using OSI
Directory service
[X.960] Recommendation X.960 (06/99) - Information
Technology - Open Distributed Processing - Type
Repository Function
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Other ?
CORBA IDL
Java RMI
Microsoft
SOAP
OSI
TINA-C
OMG
IETF
EURESCOM
ACTS
XML
W3C
TMF
Jini
Bluetooth
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Distributed Object
Technology
SG 10 WP 3/10
Q3/10 Software platforms and Middleware for
the Telecom Domain (revised)
Q2/10 ODL: Object Definition Language
(revised)
Q11/10 DCL: Deployment and Configuration
Language (new)
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Distributed processing environment
architecture
Q3/10 Rec. Z.600
o
DPE Architecture, which represents the run-time
environment for telecommunication and information
services and applications.
an explanation of the relationship between modelling
concepts so far as such a relationship needs to be
concerned in the computing architecture;
a description of the Kernel Transport Network (KTN)
which is the DPE analogue of the telecommunications
signalling system;
an interoperability framework for the DPE;
requirements for the DPE kernel services.
o
Use TINA-C and RM-ODP
o
o
o
o
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Extends CORBA
C
om
m
unicationA
PI
C
D
R
MessageLayerInterface
Messagelayer(G
IO
P)
TransportlayerInterface
A
SN
.1
MessageLayerInterface
TC
A
P-IO
P
ESIO
Ps
Transportlayer(IIO
P)
N
etw
orklayerInterface
N
etw
orklayer
N
etw
orklayerInterface
TC
A
P(SS#7)
T101252000
111528)
(
- selection of protocol objects during initial configuration
of a DPE node;
- dynamic selection of protocol objects at run-time of a
DPE node;
- dynamic insertion of protocol objects (plug-in) at runtime of a DPE node;
- dynamic selection or insertion (plug-in) of protocol
objects, according to
some QoS requirements;
- concurrent use of multiple protocol objects should be
possible.
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Purpose
As different middleware products are being introduced in
the communication infrastructure of network
operators and service providers, the need for common
management functions is increasing.
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Object Definition Language
Q2/10 Z.130
This document specifies the ITU Object Definition
Language (ITU-ODL). ITU-ODL is used for the
specification of systems from the perspective of the
Open Distributed Processing (ODP) computational
viewpoint [2]. It defines templates for
o
operational interfaces,
o
stream interfaces,
o
multiple-interface objects, and
o
object groups.
ITU-ODL is an extension of the ODP Interface Definition
Language (ODP-IDL, [6]) with additions to support the
specification of ODP computational viewpoint
concepts at a syntactic level. ITU-ODL is a superset of
ODP-IDL. This relationship between ITU-ODL and ODPIDL supports the construction of systems via OMG
specified Object Request Broker (ORB)
implementations [1].
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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ODL Notation
I
1
I
3
0
3
G
1
S
3
1
S
3
2
T
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
9
-8
Object group, object with an operational interface
And a stream interface with source and sink
I1
I2
O
p
5
1
0
1
O
p
1
1
O
p
2
1
O
p
2
1
I5
I3
I1
0
6
O
p
3
1
In
h
eri
tan
ce O
p
1
1
I1
I2
O
p
2
1
I3
0
2
O
p
1
1
O
p
3
1
I6
O
p
6
1
T
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
9
-8
Supports inheritance, Data (as in OMG-IDL) and
Alphanumeric notation
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Components
Generation
con
trol
other
TTCN
Concrete DPE
DCL
SDL
System running on DPE
lortnoc
tnemngissA
Mappings between
Languages and Questions
information
Include
MSC
Mapping
on
ati
orm de
inf nclu
I
Q .11
Q.2
ODL
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Q .3
Q.1
ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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DCL: Deployment and
Configuaration Language
Q11/10 new
A key aspect of modern telecommunication systems
development is the use of object technologies
based on the general framework of Open
Distributed Systems. Modelling such complex
systems from the engineering viewpoint is the
background of this question which asks for
convenient engineering languages.
The deployment phase, which bridges the modelling
and execution phase, is still suffering from
imprecise concepts, methods and insufficient tool
support. There is a practical need to fill this gap by
an appropriate notation. Such a basic engineering
modelling language should be defined also
independent from concrete realisations of units of
distributions.
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Deployment and
Configuaration Language
The Recommendations should apply in the area of the
engineering modelling of a new generation of
telecommunication systems. The requirements to the
language could/should include:
Ability to express how computational objects can be
configured statically on the available execution nodes
Ability to express performance requirements/provisions of
the computational objects and configuration and
migration policies needed to retain the performance
requirements/provisions (i.e. dynamic configuration)
Ability to express physical parameters used during
simulation and performance evaluation of systems
Support of the ITU languages ODL and SDL, but as far as
possible independence of the computational language
used (Language bindings could be in a separate part)
Support of graphical representation
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ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Language
Features
o
Description of Middleware platforms
o
Specification of initial configurations
•
Specification of re-configuration at run-time
o
•
•
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Mapping from platform-independent models to
platform-dependent ones
e.g. migration, replication of service
components, ...
actions to be performed by the target
environment‘s DPE
on violation of constraints during run-time
ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Network or Interface centric
Paradigm ?
Applications
All IP?
Network
Network layer
Applications
API
Data &
invocations
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IP
MPEG
SS7
ITU-T and ITU-D Workshop - Bangalore (India), 30-31 August 2001
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Future ?
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Languages ?
Broker functions ?
Recursive transaction handling ?
Framework ?
Management ?
Comprehensive software architecture ?
Methodology ?
Application area ?
Can you help ?
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