International Telecommunication Union
NGN Drivers:
Access and core Networks,
legacy services migration
issues;
Dr. Sathya Rao
Telscom Consulting
Rao@telscom.ch
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
Geneva, 9-10 July 2003
ITU-T
An initiative to develop the
NGN Roadmap
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
2
The Network Evolution
ITU-T
New Generation Communications
Wireline
Full Services
IP Internet
Gateways
Wireless
Telephone
System
Evolving Internet Communications
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
3
Key Technologies
ITU-T
Services
IP
Access
Core
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
4
NGN CONCEPT
ITU-T
Operator’s
Server Farm
DHCP
WAP
AAA
Billing
VHE
SIP
Proxy Server
ISP Server Farm
SGSN
GGSN
IP backbone
Global
Internet
IP backbone
Gateway
Router
WLAN Access
Router
9-10 July 2003
ADSL
Mobile
Router
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
5
Broadband (Access) for All
Some obvious limitation to overcome: Access Crunch
ITU-T
Network
Capacity
Mbps
Access
Speeds
kbps
Number of
Transistors in
Intel's Latest
Computer Chip
100.000
10.000.000
Processor
Performance
100.000.000
1,200,000 Mbps
1.000.000
28,000,000
10.000
10.000.000
100.000
1.000
10.000
512 kbps
2,400 Mbps
1.000
7,500,000
5,500,000
3,100,000
1,200,000
1.000.000
100
56 kbps
155 Mbps
100
100.000
19.2 kbps
10
134,000
10
1
2 Mbps
1980
1985
1990
1
1995
2000
Fiber Optics
Doubling every 9 months
Tremendous rise
in data transmission
capabilities
9-10 July 2003
2.4 kbps
1980
1985
10.000
1990
1995
The
”First Km"
bottleneck
2000
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
"Moore's Law"
Doubling every 18 months
Enormous increase in
ability to generate and
process information
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
6
ITU-T
Global 2005 Broadband Access
Market Forecast
3%
2%
12%
39%
44%
DSL
Cable
Satellite
FWA
BFWA
Other
Source: the Yankee Group
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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Broadband Access Technologies
ITU-T
Satellite, FWA
100%
Optical Fibre
Cable
(coaxial, HFC)
DSL
POTS + ISDN
0%
2000
9-10 July 2003
2005
2010
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
8
xDSL Technologies
ITU-T
9-10 July 2003
Name
Meaning
Data Rate
Mode
Applications
DSL
Digital Subscriber
Line
160 Kbps
Duplex
ISDN Service,
Voice and data
comm.
HDSL
High data rate
Digital Subscriber
Line
.544, 2.048 Mbps
Duplex
T1/E1, LAN access,
server access
SDSL
Single line Digital
Subscriber Line
1.544, 2.048 Mbps Duple
Same as HDSL plus
premises access for
symmetric services
ADSL
Assymetric Digital
Subscriber Line
1.5 to 9 Mbps
16 to 640 Kbps
Downlink
Upstream
Internet access,
VoD, interactive
multimedia
VDSL
Very high data rate
Digital Subscriber
Line
13 to 52 Mbps
1.5 to 2.3 Mbps
Downlink
Upstream
Same as ADSL plus
HDTV
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
9
Ethernet Access Network
ITU-T
o Why Ethernet in the last mile
• Network designers can build networks with IP
and Ethernet and avoid the cost and complexity
of protocol conversion
• Ethernet supports all services (data, voice and
video) and all media types copper & fiber
o Standardisation in IEEE 802.3
• Point to multipoint on optical fiber
• point to point on optical fiber
• point to point on copper
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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Wireless Access Technologies
ITU-T
Global
IEEE 802.15.x (PAN)
HomeRF
802.11x (WLAN)
HiperLAN
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
1000
Mobile
Telecomunication
Networks
100
Wireless Office Networks
Wireless Device Connections
10
Range
[m]
9-10 July 2003
0.1
1
10
16
100
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
Data Rate
[Mbps]
11
WLAN, a disruptive technology ?
ITU-T
US Market Forecast 2002-2007
9-10 July 2003
Source : Analysys
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
12
Wireless IP Networking Revolution
ITU-T
Past
Paradigms
Present Demand
Future
Solutions
Local Area
Fixed
Data
WLAN
- On campus
Unlicensed Bands - At home
Mobility
with
Network
Connectivity
Mobile
Voice
9-10 July 2003
(Data + Voice)
•
•
•
•
Personal mobility
High data rate
Incremental infrastructure
Start 1998
“3G” WCDMA Wide Area
Licensed Bands - On the road
•
•
•
•
Full mobility
Modest data rate
All new infrastructure
Start 2002
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
The Future Network
ITU-T
• Different types of
network infrastructures are
linked through common
protocol
IPv6
• All communication will
be based on packets running
on circuit, packet and
wireless networks
• There will be convergence
at service level to reach any
one from anywhere at any
time
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
14
Broadband Networks & Services
ITU-T
Media
Gateways
Content
Communication
Application
Optical Fibre
Backbone
Network
Content
Tools
Wireless Wireline Cable
Access Access Access
Applications & Services
On the
Move
In the Home
Personal Area
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
15
Wireless Dream towards reality
ITU-T
o Deployment of WLAN in hot spot areas
• Big ISPs have invested in WLAN
• Major vendor communities support: Cisco, Intel, Nokia..
o Wireless IP solutions have lots of momentum!
• People desire wireless IP terminals and access devices
o WLAN offers a good mobile solution for indoor IP access
• Added value for the user - Flexibility, user mobility
• Added value for ISP - solution for public high IP access
o WLAN standards are converging - IEEE 802.11b and
IEEE802.11a
• Interoperability and roaming issues are being seriously worked out
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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3G & WLAN integration
ITU-T
Internet
Summary of features:
- Integrated authentication
and billing
- WLAN security and mobility
with IP terms
- AAA work is a must!!!
3G/"HLR"
Gateway
"WLAN GGSN"
GGSN
SGSN
Access Router
WLAN
RAN
3G/GPRS
RAN
WLAN
AP
BTS
Multimode terminal
with 3G user identity
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
17
Optical Transport Network Architecture
ITU-T
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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NG Metro/Access Network Structure
ITU-T
Global / WAN
Large business,
Enterprises
10/40Gbps/l
meshed
l
l
10 Gigabit Ethernet
Customer
Premises
l
l
10/40Gbps/l
ring / meshed
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
BS
l
Metro Network
l
DWDM
l IP/MPLS, MPlS l
DSL
l
BS
ONT
FTTC
(E)PON
VDSL
• Private
customers and
SOHOS
ONT
PS
Passive
Splitter
10Gbps/l downstream
up to 2.5 Gbps/l upstream
Access Network
• Low density
housing estates
with small
(single family)
houses
• Private
customers and
SOHOS
• High density
housing estates
with large
dwelling houses
9-10 July 2003
Point-to-Point
Link
BS
(D)WDM, IP/MPLS
UMTS
Pico/Micro
Cells
ONT BS
ONT BS
FTTB
Public Area
WLAN (IEEE 802.11x)
UMTS
Macro Cells
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
19
ITU-T
The Evolution of the Core and
Access Networks
Network Providers require:
- plan-able networks
- networks that are easy to manage
- to offer their resources to as many service
providers as possible
- return on investment
- convergence (where realistic) in order to
maximise efficiency and minimise costs
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
20
Trends in Network Evolution
ITU-T
CPN: Trend towards high speed wireless (over a
short distance)
Access: Trend towards GPRS/UMTS (high-speed ?)/
WLAN for “hot-spots”, xDSL, Cable,
PON/FTTH/FTTC
Core:
9-10 July 2003
Optical (Trend towards higher DWDM)
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
21
Trends in Network Evolution
ITU-T (network layer)
CPN: The ubiquity of IP applications has driven the
biggest change ever seen in telecommunications
networks
Access: An encapsulation of the IP packets is generally
made in the access network. IP must be
modified for wireless usage
Core: Core networks are essentially containers
carrying bits. The overhead (time and loss of
capacity) for encapsulation is insignificant
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
22
ITU-T
The Evolution of the Core and
Access Networks
Problems of Convergence
- Diversity of user requirements (mobility, high bandwidth, realtime response, security, low cost …)
- Diversity of service requirements. This leads to the fact that certain
network topologies and protocols are more efficient than others.
-Diversity of network capabilities
- Market forces and proprietory solutions matching the
requirements.
Efficient interoperability is key.
Network layer (IP) convergence is the only visible solution
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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ITU-T
The Evolution of the Core and
Access Networks
Strong trend towards the use of IP as the converged network
protocol in the home, access network and backbone. A
common protocol for conveying the data from the source to
the destination brings (in theory) economies in terms of the
network devices, management and maintenance.
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
24
Technology Development
ITU-T
Some of the key technologies for NGNs would have to
include:
- middleware and distributed systems (to enable Service Provider Network Provider separation)
- IP: IPv6, broadband, QoS, security, mobile and wireless
- multi-domain network management (for seamless roaming and QoS
support)
- seamless interworking between core and access networks
- micro and opto-electronics
- cross-media content
- multi-modal and adaptive interfaces
- multi-lingual dialogue mode
- embedded intelligence
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
25
Technology Development
ITU-T
- facilities for (mobile) transitioning between networks owned by
different providers mid-session (and the corresponding charging issue)
- QoS may be demanded from the network or, alternatively, accounted
for by (adaptive) applications
- QoS parameters have to be agreed between Network Providers
- the same service used on a different terminal, or transmitted over a
different access network, will require different QoS values
- QoS on IP has been a research topic for several years. The solution
usually proposed in the literature is the use of Intserv in the access
network and Diffserv or MPLS in the core. However, the deployment
of Intserv is difficult, since existing Internet applications are not QoS
aware and do not have signalling capability.
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
26
Simplified NGN Architecture
ITU-T
Application Layer
Operations & Business
Support Systems
Billing
Interface
AAA
Interface
Policy Based
Routing
App. Servers
Interface
Features &
Services
SLA
Management
Management
SOFTSWITCH
Control
Policy
Interpreter
Network
DB
QoS
Controller
QoS
Routing
DB
Call Control & MGC
cNAPS
cNAPS
SS7
ISDN
Media
Gateways
H.323
Media
Servers
SIP
MGCP
MEGACO
IP
End Points
Virtual Channels
Control
RTP
Forwarding
SLA
Verification
QoS
Measurement
Transport Layer
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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Multi-Service Softswitch…
delivering multiple services using a
ITU-T
9-10 July 2003
Feature Rich Edge
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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NGN Features & Benefits
ITU-T
o Features
• Multiple applications and media types
• Enhanced connectivity, accessibility and
availability
o Benefits
• Increase revenue opportunities through new
services and products
• Significant Reduction of operational costs
9-10 July 2003
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
29
NGN: Conclusions
ITU-T
o The NGN will deliver new ways of communicating that
o
o
o
o
o
o
9-10 July 2003
most can’t conceive of today
The NGN is not about rate arbitrage
IP will rule from network core to the desktop
The value of the NGN grows exponentially in relation
to the number of applications it supports
The NGN is by nature global
The NGN is the integration of communications with IT
and lifestyle
The transformation of the NGN is already occurring don’t miss the boat
Workshop on Next Generation Networks: What, When & How?
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