ةــلأـســمـلا 10-3/2 ةــيـئاـنـلا قــطاـنملاو ةــيـفـيرـلا قــطاـنملل تلااصتلااو تامولعملا ايجولونكت/تلااصتلاا

‫‪2‬‬ ‫المسألــة ‪ :10-3/2‬االتصاالت‪/‬تكنولوجيا المعلومات واالتصاالت للمناطق الريفية والمناطق النائية‬ ‫االحتـ ــاد الـ ــدويل لالتصـ ــاالت‬ ‫مكـتب تنمي ـ ــة االتص ـ ــاالت‬ ‫‪Place des Nations‬‬ ‫‪CH-1211 Geneva 20‬‬ ‫‪Switzerland‬‬ ‫‪www.itu.int‬‬ ‫‪01/2014‬‬ ‫ ‪20 10 -2 0 14‬‬ ‫طبع يف سويسرا‬ ‫جنيف‪2014 ،‬‬ ‫الـتـق ـريــر الـنـهــائــي‬ ‫قطاع تنمية االتصاالت لجنة الدراسات ‪2‬‬ ‫الـم ـسـألــة‬ ‫‪10-3/2‬‬ ‫االتصاالت‪/‬تكنولوجيا المعلومات واالتصاالت‬ ‫للمنـاطــق الـريـفـيــة والمنـاطــق الـنـائـيــة‬ ‫فرتة الدراسة اخلامسة‬ ‫قطـ ــاع تنمي ـ ــة االتصـ ـ ـ ـ ــاالت‬ ‫‪2014-2010‬‬ (ITU) �� (BDT) �� Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 Email: mailto:bdtdirector@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5035/5435 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� (IP) �� (PKM) Email: bdtpkm@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5447 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 Email: bdtip@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5900 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� (IEE) �� Email: bdtiee@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5421 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� (DDR) �� Email: bdtdeputydir@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5784 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� TelOne Centre for Learning Corner Samora Machel and Hampton Road P.O. 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Box 178, Laksi Post Office Laksi, Bangkok 10210 – Thailand E-mail: itumoskow@itu.int Tel.: +7 495 926 60 70 Fax: +7 495 926 60 73 E-mail: Tel.: Tel.: Tel.: Fax: E-mail: Tel.: Tel.: Fax: itujakarta@itu.int +62 21 381 35 72 +62 21 380 23 22 +62 21 380 23 24 +62 21 389 05 521 �� itubangkok@itu.int +66 2 574 8565/9 +66 2 574 9326/7 +66 2 574 9328 Smart Village, Building B 147, 3rd floor Km 28 Cairo – Alexandria Desert Road Giza Governorate Cairo – Egypt E-mail: itucairo@itu.int Tel.: +20 2 35 37 17 77 Fax: +20 2 35 37 18 88 �� (BDT) �� (EUR) �� (ITU) �� Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 – Switzerland E-mail: eurregion@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5111 ‫لالتصال بنا‬ :‫املوقع اإللكرتوين‬ www.itu.int/pub/D-STG/ :‫املكتبة اإللكرتونية لالحتاد‬ devsg@itu.int :‫الربيد اإللكرتوين‬ +41 22 730 5999 :‫الـهـاتــف‬ www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups :10-3/2 / !" # $%& ' ( )"* +"'"& ) ,- ./% 01 2) 345 6)7 6' ,89: 2 .<=> ?@A , B C *-' 9D' EF C ?G #%+ 8% %' , B 9 4' 2) /*' .6I@ 6&H <=> ?@A , /%' (IJ ' !K%G L&' M G' Q4%' 017 *' N +9 " C ?* ,4%8 O' P"' !K%G 383 W* I8 HXJ YQA 6 .' 193 R'-' B C (IJ ' C ST - U8H V9% .(IZ' 79%H [ 2 7H X9%&'> 8% `+"' ?+ %+ 01 2) a9%H !%A N U\" ]H )"* ^9_ .)"* - b"%4 "c UVH8 "+ C d !" 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(Argentina Connected) .................... 5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 1.7 2.7 3.7 &, 5$ 6& 4 ! " #$ %&'$ ( )" %* +, $ -.$ + 0 #1 23 :10-3/1 / 7 (; :; (!- .--</ #! T\ H! Yb a+ `@E _ M6 ^Y 4.7 42 ................................................................ (Z! .) c +! !/! 42 ........................................................ (")) ") / WiMAX .--<: 5.7 (; :; (!- .--<: *I/6) > & c N0 M.7 H! ef dS! 6.7 43 ..(")/ S h ; -8g) S h ; -8g @ M.7 H! @ j) H+ & + j) H+ X/ (; : # ef ib: :APT J3 dS! 7.7 43 ............................................................. (")/C<!) C<! I (; :; (<Z Mk@) (; :; (!- .--<:/(; :; 1: 8.7 44 ......................... (")) ") $-CC ! @ >! l- %.-Z ! (!- 23 & + o N! 5@C :3 : & "nS) M/ (!- *mC 9.7 45 ............................. ((&/ (;-) Qualcomm Inc #Z/Y3 p-. dS!) Qualcomm Inc #Z/CC3 dS!) u>: t (s/!; q/r (,! 10.7 46 ................................................................................... ((&/ (;-) 46 ..................................................................... (S!) @ 11.7 46 .............................................. (--:) @ 1 66P @:F (!B Y-: 12.7 47 ...................................... (%C-)) UV => k+ <6T '-/ dS! 13.7 48 .......................... ("3) @ (; :; (!- .--<: 1: dS! 14.7 Q<6T 5@ M.7 H! @</ k@I! l> wT8/6 v H! tY .--<: 15.7 (GSM) / (; :T Q *m -B (<S => ?+ 48 ................................................ ((Q6 ,0;) OJSC Intellect-Telecom #Z) # A xk "-@/ (Y 1/6) => ?+ 5@ Y-: :-C! dS! 16.7 49 ..........................................((&/ (;-) iY-6<! #Z/# dS!) 49 ..................................................... ( !) 5@ .--</ @/I (B X: 17.7 49 ...... (":-)) ":-) @ FiberWiFi WiMAX .--<: 1/6) ? => 18.7 50 ...... ((&/ (;-) Qualcomm Inc #Z/Msq dS!) vb M H! <S) 19.7 Qualcomm Inc #Z/ S N -8g dS!) M/! !T6 dS! !/Y 20.7 50 ................................................................................... ((&/ (;-) 50 .......... 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O(. 10 10-3/2 26.7 Annexes Annex 1 :List of input contributions during the study period 2010-2014 and their summaries ...... 65 Annex 2 :Analysis of questionnaire replies for the global survey on policy initiatives/ interventions on telecommunications/ICTs/broadband development ................................. 87 # )PN 2 ........................................................... kE M)! A ${ "< ([f :1 M<S 18 ...................................................... OP Q1/! 5@C M.7 H! (.-- :2 M<S 36 ............................................ UP 23 ) / Q:6 M'-: <S b! :3 M<S 36 ...................................................... }6-/ Q|P Q:6 M'-: <S b! :4 M<S 38 ............................................................. A> 23 Q! 5@ a+ Xl ME b! :5 M<S 16 ............................................................. (>/ + H! 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M# M1À $nm 1310 1305 1300 !" #$/%"&' (* !" #$/ !" #$ (10G-EPON/GEPON/EPON) %"&' 10 (* 2.3.5 . @! ) <Z -' N1/ 5@C $ >C 23 >C H! % 5@ C. 23 IEEE 802.3ah O T1/! 128 64 32 16 8 a+ Gbit/s 1 ) l 6 s-: H! X/) 6D ,: .--<: /: ! X6/! }6 N) 63 p-6P Q'P iCKD -#-:) M1/ . @ <S) N-'-! . >C 23 >C H! iCKD U/ AS# Y|3 (x.3 %7 23 .E ", M1/! M# 23 (!- 6) iCKD +53 p-67 1 $ f "-<: $\» f; .M1/! M<) ^B > ^TI/6) /6; ( ^B MAC "-+ 1 ., .: b#7 n 3 , -#-:) |j .(!- 63 %, }6- 23 il- @C 5@ N1/ 1mC7 H! , H<h 6D l 6 s-: M8 ((MPCP) ~C + X<&/ -#-:)) -#-:q [ IEEE 802.3ah :y/# Q[ GEPON/EPON (<S @'- , }6- .x@<) p-6P %,7 %,Y ) O7 M# a+ Gbit/s 1 +) ~C + 23 >C H! 5@C :1000BASE0PX10 .km 10 « Q[f 6D M.7 H! nm 1 490 1 310 .- y- M1/ p-6P %,7 %,Y ) O7 M# a+ Gbit/s 1 +) ~C + 23 >C H! 5@C :1000BASE-PX20 (PR10) km 10 « Q[f 6D M.7 H! nm 1 590 1 270 .- y- M1/ .(PR20) km 20 « 7 20 / :10-3/2 ,/) "sÅ /: .Gbit/s 10 +) @! ) <Z (@'-! 2008 SC % IEEE 802.3av ,À +6 \» X+ 1Y .N[f; Gbit/s 10 +6 Y- MK1/! P s> .1:32 7 1:16 % ) 63 : @'- , }6- Q 1Y f Gbit/s 1,25 +6 f Gbit/s 10 .- y- M1/ p-6P %,7 %,Y ) O7 M# q+ N[f; K1/! Gbit/s 10 :10GBASE-PR .(PR20) km 20 7 (PR10) km 10 « Q[f 6D nm 1 590~ 1 270~ %,7 %,Y ) O7 M# q+ f Gbit/s 1,25 $ f Gbit/s 10 :10/1GBASE-PRX km 10 « Q[f 6 nm 1 590– 1 270– .- y- M1/ p-6P .(PRX20) km 20 7 (PRX10) %"&' 10 + ,-./%"&&" ,-. 012% 3456 !" #$ 3.3.5 (10G-PON/GPON) .--<: 23 ,/6 @ (<S d-C7 H! N+- )/1# GPON <S ,0; O+ (C) (;! X+: GPON <S A'-: ITU-T G.984 '-/ .(BPON) +5D PON (<S .--<: GPON <S x,7 X/ . f; Gbit/s 1,25 f; Gbit/s 2,5 (/\ + "7 $ @/r <S Y-: .x@< Y A/ L *zP /! :P 23 ^\ M<S) 45 . $u)6 H! q#7 x@<) .Gbit/s 10 7 2,5 7 1,25 23 M : f (+6 Gbit/s 10 23 M : f (+6 10G-PON 1: .Gbit/s 9,953 Gbit/s 2,488 Gbit/s 1,244 Q[ H!/ Q1l :/) 'B 4: Q[ @ X H<h $ @ <S @C a+ GPON <S ! _/: "n) 10G-PON <S /I .- -7 ./l: H! *m M1/! .- y- M1/ p-6P %,7 %,Y ) O7 M# a+ ~C + 23 >C H! 5@C Gbit/s 1 :G.984 .km 20 23 M Q[f 6 nm 1 490 1 310 y- M1/ p-6P %,7 %,Y ) O7 M# a+ ~C + 23 >C H! 5@C $Gbit/s 10 :G.987 .km 20 « Q[f 6 nm 1 577 1 270 .- ATM PON SIEPON/G.epon ,#7 4.3.5 : d>l '3 Q[ $2013 -- 8/) *- G.epon <S A/) (; :; : d>l *- "7 l-/ IEEE M1 Y H! O (SIEPON) EPON <S (!I ¢ MS/ C<!D B !E ! H! (; :; [ O: .(10G-EPON GE-PON 45 ) EPON (<S ¢ MS/ )l N&/ P1904.1 1E M: ONU ,3 !B ,-. EPON <S 1! ®5-© Mb! *m -/! (@'-! ITU-T G.988 '-/ ,G 11 OMCI ,D X+: "7 G-epon H<h .(OAM) ,D Xm/ MS/ .XG-PON/G-PON/B-PON Mb! PON <S \P (; :; : d>l £' ! w/Z;) (WDM PON) 82 29 :;%" .< =(%" PON ,#7 5.3.5 . <S 8/C M1/! M# N) Y 63 (+) .- - X/) 6D ,/) @ (<S 1: ,Y ) l :3 T\ H! Y (+) 1: 7 / PON (<S H! @<: b#7 (<S [ (8. ?) *-: .¢<6 ! H1| <6 Z M# 7 f (#Z +-1o H1| #Z M# Mb! $M1/! M< .) / k± { 7 $WDM PON .--</ ¨/) ( -: 21 / :10-3/2 !"# $ :3 "8C> @'A & D5E F( (8: ('&+ 4&H 3;) I "8 @' "! & D5E J> 5C* ";<* X4# O4* ' 6 Y Z[ =(;<*+ => < O4: \'( #T V Z< 1#8 ]'8 * ^ (km 10 !) "#$ %& '(*+ ', &- . /#* ' 6 7* 0, 1 2 345 ";<*+ => ? @'A B FTTH '0##8* 9(4 5#: 8C &< 8C K & @'A C &L MA "'(* =(;<*+ => 345N <4 O4*> P'8* Q R &<*+ S &R 6#: '8 ' "( #T U& ";<*+ => C #0 I& ";<*+ => ? @'A B FTTH '0##8* 9(4 5#: 8C &< . 3, #T V W4 C >?%;? 822#% @%. 8C PON 6.3.5 ((FTTx) 45 23 ! s @'P FTTx 23 OP M'-:) % 5@ (.--<: =-6 q/: !sT (C (+6 +-1o Y-: a+ , - Q< }6- Q[ OPY .-© d6P =-6P H! 7 (ATV) Q< "-@/ M'-: *mC -' *: O-6 .-7 7 km 10 23 M : (Y QKTb MS/ (!B . @! ) <Z 7 N1/1 >C 23 >C H! ' 7 (VDSL) + Y w/S1 Q1l }B !\ $ -6» =- Q667 M<S) (SC $=-6P 8 2P 1mCP Q[ $GEPON/EPON (<S .&/ (;- 6 =>C a+ GPON (<S ¢: N - O/'# O(< M ,('' 4.5 `-& -1 23 mC . <S l OP N) M'-/ yb }6- -P Xm! OP Mm/6 a+7 (+6 a+ =- Q!/ > ! 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"(" M\, (Mbit/s 139,264) E4 (Mbit/s 34,368/44,736) E3/T3 (Mbit/s 1,544/2,048) M'-: + M# + H!/ Q1l :/) 6D -8) !/ Z (> [ O Y|3 H<h .H!/! :y/# Q[ 1991 *+ ) H!/ Q1l :/ 66P ('-/ (SC .H!/ Q1l :/ ¢) H!/ Q1l :/ ! R B :G.707 H!/ Q1l :/ M.7 H! <S ¢ > :G.708 H!/ 6D ,: ) :G.709 E1/T1 YT\ $, x.3 %7 23 .E ", <S H!/ 1/6 "1| H!/ Q1l :/ /1/ ., x.) * >/: iC/CD H! /S \P (.--</ >C 23 >C H! Q[ (.--> [ })7 . @/I (.--> H! +-1o H!/ Q1l :/ @: H<h M.7 H! 63 (,! \,) s-: }\ ¥&/6 H<h .O M# + 6D ,/ M! 63 ,! ,-. ! H<9 .d@ O/ Y|D 63 (, ,! Q[ +-Z b#P .--> .d@ O Y|3 1: 1l ) (T'-: + (<S .-- 1/6 H! 4# H!/ Q1l :/ .--<: .(/ ! a+ ,-l %7 ", d@ O/ Y|) Q[ > (Y .p-6P %,7 O7 M# q+ nm 1 550 7 1 310 .- y- SDH 6D 1mC7 M1/: G.654 7 G.653 7 G.652 OP) km 60 (nm 1 310 G.652 OP) km 40 (G.652 OP) km 15 .(nm 1 550 6 @+k! ¾ H! $ .- - X/) % 6D ,: M1/: 63 1mC7 ! 23 SDH :/ MS: H<h .M'-/ (T' / :10-3/2 (F ) " D2% 2.4.5 [ H! Q!/! x. }:6 .! 8 0 NS1 H<h (,D H! d67 :-) M'-/ 6 a+ > ,, .x@# C! 9 b#7 - 23 M'-/ -§ Q 23 +@ OP zS/6 a lP ,-8W # > s A<: M!# M<S iC/CD -#-:) a+ 1 y/ M (<Z -8¬ $M'-/ # ->/ z/C .iCKD .--<: -§ M'-/ -&/6 $ !/ 1mCP ,3 H!: 1/6 "1| <S! *!7 NS iCKD .--<: a+ M!# M<S) X M *-8@! 23 /C; k 1 QS! P H<h .) M 1mC7 E -B 1mCV ) (b M6 a+) %| !7 -[ $ <S .H,/ NS1 H!/ 1/6 45 >/ . / (<S QS! H! , M 6 Y-/ M <Z MS: (PTP) H! l, -#-:) 7 ,0T SyncEthernet Mb! *s M/) (<S H!: M.7 H! -E H! @ w[ .(GPS) l- &/ Q *m H!: 7 IEEE 81 45 akY7 l .NS (<Z iCKD ,-l a+ / k! ,-8. / (8. ) (cF i) :6-/ iCKD )l ,D C-. -> (+6 $\7 |-! N) $H1k/: H! +-1o 23 H1| M1/) 'B (VLAN) |/Y; G <S ¨!) 1 :H,- -. IEEE 802.1 ad . iCK3 M: ,/! |/Y (<Z *-6 NS1 |/Y; G <S .IEEE 802.1 ad M1< :,-1 66P <S -. IEEE 802.1 ah . '-/ >+7 ,3 IEEE 802.1 ag iCKD -#-:) M-0 -[ OF : #E 6[ ,-1 66P <S . IEEE 802.1 Qay . ,1/+ b#7 0 b#7 6-/ M)l -#-:) 23 .iCKD a+ 1 (<S C ,D MS/ (L A¬ :Y.1731 '-/ :H[ il- / l 7 / >! + + iCK3 ) ->6 w[ 45 23 Y|3 nm 15 550 .- - M1/ p-6P ,7 OP (T# H! ,s q+ Gbit/s 10 :10GBASE-E .km 40 « 1 295 .- -7 M1/ p-6P ,7 OP (T# H! ®s q+ Gbit/s 100 :100GBASE-ER4 .km 40 « Gbit/s 25 8! M# M1À $nm 1 310 1 305 1 300 GHF 1IJ ! 82 29K L D2+ 3.4.5 (8z/ % .- - X/) 6D ,: a+ Y (C) (+6 -§ M (<Z ->: 1/ .j) H+ X<0 #! H! <)S/! <Z 7 + %7 + ) (>l O/ Y|) 1: :8! ('-/ H! 6 ,0T (OTN) M <Z *-8@! A: , .(!B ,/! (<S S ! 3 | -[ OF .OTN <S 1! O: :G.872 '-/ :/ (/ (;! ! 8/)! (C (;! $(<S -> A : :G.709 '-/ .Gbit/s 10 23 M : iCKD SDH OF .->/ }\ @C a+ (ROADM) M<S/ ,+D M) % OE/ Y|D 63 ,! *-8@! (- M: % . (<S ,3 C H! ! :3 M<S/ A<: ?@\ -[ ( %,- H Z M-0 .- ; .M1/ (./ $% -/ a+ OE/ Y|D + ( .- -7) .) / k± { =-6P M@) > .--</ [ . C/<D ' N) 24 / :10-3/2 ! D2% ,822#% @%. 4.4.5 .M!<) iCKD 23 /CT "->>´ X8! b< w[ M'-/ M@) iCKD .--<: { QS! Xm! 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BEl ' ?#) % "b< WPm W""' (C) C (; : $QZ-. . (>3) (ICTP) m x@ y # $s .* -/# (CY) i6- M:<7 #Z $Q# .p ( <!P &/ (;-) Qualcomm #Z $4:) . -/# (C $ C Y1 1m/ #-) %: .p .® ( <!P &/ (;-) Intel #Z $w-! .( (# $,G Research in Motion #Z) ( .O -/# (-!) £1SC-:7 .p (y!) ! .w .7 (y!) , .] BEl ' ?#) % nA Wf +D7D #/7 o' 7 D^8 (20122010) Q!-# .® (20142012) -:-1-6 .( 58 / :10-3/2 # %# 012 (; :T ¤,F }G 6L (+g APT (; :; 1: /<! BDT /6; 6 +l > BTS @S X/) ,/ 5@ CDMA M1 (ªS! (8f CPE w/S1 Q1l }B DSL : /)b !B FSS ([ s |P ) X-23 OP FTTx ygD QG ¨: GDP %E ]/; (s GHG l- &/ Q *m GPS / (; :T Q *m GSM UP 23 ) / ,-.- M:- GSO (; :; (!- .--<: ICT (C/<D x)8< Q68! 8! IEEE iC/CD -#-:) IP iC/CD !\ ,-! ISP <Z LAN -© " Ml7 LDC M-> a+ ->/ LTE @V ©D O[P MDG }6-/ Q|P MEO (;-#-:q ,/! X6- M: MPLS C ,D MS/ OAM >C 23 >C H! P2P ,/! ~C 23 >C H! PMP @! ) <Z PON !-1 / @:F <S PSTN H!/! Q1l :: SDH (Asia Pacific Telecommunity) (Telecommunication Development Bureau) (Base Transceiver Station) (Code Division Multiple Access) (Customer-premises equipment ) (Digital subscriber line) (Fixed Satellite Service) (Fibre-To-The-x (Building, Curb, House …etc.)) (Gross Domestic Product) (Green House Gas) (Global Positioning System) (Global System for Mobile communications) (Geo-Stationary Satellites) (Information and Communication Technologies) (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) (Internet Protocol) (Internet Service Provider) (Local Area Network) (Least Developed Country) (Long-Term Evolution) (Millennium Development Goal) (Medium Earth Orbit) (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) (Operation, Administration, and Management) (Point To Point) (Point to Multi-Point) (Passive Optical Network) (Public Switched Telephone Network) (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) 59 9 / :10-3/2 ! SIDS M6 !\ SMS Yb X )/ &/ X!P 1m! UNESCO Nc.T "S &/ X!P |-@! UNHCR !S !B =' USF !S !B */ USO iC/CD -#-:) q+ (- ,: VoIP |/Y '\ <Z VPN ( : 1mCP ! M1/) . ' &/Y 5 O>! VSAT .- - X/) 63 ,: WDM IEEE 802.11 a+ 1l (WLAN) <6 ; <Z (z/! (Wireless local area network (WLAN) products based IEEE 802.11 standards) WiFi (.-) 5@ + ¢ MS/ )l WiMAX (!- 1/W 1 WSIS (; :; 1/ Q 9 WTDC (Small Islands Developing States) (Short Message Service ) (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) (Universal Service Fund) (Universal Service Obligation) (Voice over Internet Protocol) (Virtual Private Network) (Very Small Aperture Terminal (used with satellite systems)) (Wavelength-Division Multiplexing) (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) (World Summit on the Information Society) (World Telecommunication Development Conference) 60 / :10-3/2 3. # 10 1) A 2010 Leadership Imperative: Future Built on Broadband; A report by the Broadband Commission, 2010, www.broadbandcommission.org/Reports/Report_1.pdf 2) TRAI Recommendations on Application Services, May,2012 3) Laschewski, Lutz, “Innovative E-learning in Rural Areas: A Review. Network Promoting e-Learning for Rural Development, e-Ruralnet;LLP Transversal Program Key Activity 3 ICT – Networks 4) Myrvang, Robert and Rosenlund, Thomas “How can e-Health benefit rural areas- a literature overview from Norway”, April 2007 5) From E-government to M-government: Facing the Inevitable; Ibrahim Kushchu International University of Japan and M. Halid Kuscu Southwestern College, School of Business and Information Systems 6) J.Segel, M. Weldon, Alcatel-Lucent Technology White Paper “Light Radio” (2011) (www.alcatellucent.com/features/light_radio/index.html) 7) Gang Shen, Jimin Liu, Dongyao Wang, Jikang Wang and Shan Jin, “Multi-hop relay for next-generation wireless access networks” (2009), Bell Labs Technical Journal, Volume 13, Issue 4, pages 175-193 Volume 13, Issue 4 (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bltj.v13:4/issuetoc) 8) The Missing Link Report: Report of Independent Commission for World Wide Telecommunication Development, 1985, ITU Publication Department 9) The Final Report of Focus Group 7 on Topic 7: New Technologies for Rural Applications, 2001, ITU-D SG2, ITU Publication Department 10) ITU News No.7, September 2001:Connecting Rural Communities, Multimedia services for rural areas using wireless IP technologies 11) ITU News Special Issue No.2, March 2002:Challenges for rural communications development, The legacy of the Maitland report 12) Report of the Rapporteur’s Group on Q10-1/2, ITU-D SG2, October 2004: Analysis of Replies to the Questionnaire on Rural Communications (findings, analysis and tabular information) down loadable free of charge from www.itu.int/md/D02-RGQ10.1.2-C/e 13) Report of the Rapporteur’s Group on Q10-1/2, ITU-D SG2, Doc. 2/270 September 2005: “Analysis of Case Studies on Successful Practices in Telecommunications for Rural and Remote Areas” down loadable free of charge from www.itu.int/pub/D-STG-SG02.10.1-2006/en 14) Recommendation ITU-D 19: Telecommunication for rural and remote areas: Downloadable free of charge from www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-d/rec/d/D-REC-D.19-201003-I!!PDF-E.pdf 15) Maitland +20 Book, Fixing the Missing Link, Published in UK by the Anima Centre Limited, 2005, 1 Wine Street Terrace, Bradford on Avon Wiltshire BA15 1NP, England. Tf:+44 1225 866612, E-mail: team@theanimacentre.org, www.the animacentre.org 16) WSIS Outcome Documents, December 2005 Downloadable free of charge from www.itu.int/pub/SPOL-WSIS.OD-4-2006/en 17) WSIS Golden Book February 2006 www.itu.int/pub/S-POL-WSIS.GB-2005/en 18) World Information Society Report 2007: Beyond WSIS: Executive Summary is down loadable free of charge from www.itu.int/pub/S-POL-WSIS.RPT-2007/en 19) ITU News No. 5 June 2007: A case study in rural telecommunications, ICT arrives in a Bhutanese village 20) Revised Analysis Report of Case Studies 2009: Analysis of case studies on successful practices in telecommunications for rural and remote areas (II): Downloadable from www.itu.int/md/D06-SG02-C0250/en 61 / :10-3/2 21) ITU News No.6 July-August 2009: Himalayan villages go online, The Nepal wireless networking project 22) ITU News No. 7 September 2010: Remembering Donald Maitland, The missing link report: the Maitland legacy 23) ITU Publication 2011: Handbook for the Collection of Administrative Data on Telecommunications/ICTs 24) A Report by the Broadband Commission September 2012: The state of Broadband 2012: Achieving Digital Inclusion for All 25) ITU Publication September 2012: IP Backhaul and Access Network 26) ITU Publication 2012:Measuring the Information Society 27) Joint publication by World Bank and ITU 2012: The Little Data Book on Information and Communication Technology 2012 62 Annexes Annex 1: List of input contributions during the study period 2010-2014 and their summaries Annex 2: Analysis of questionnaire replies for the global survey on policy initiatives/interventions on telecommunications/ICTs/broadband development / :10-3/2 Annex 1: List of input contributions during the study period 2010-2014 and their summaries List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract 2/002 12-Jul10 OJSC Intellect Telecom (Russian Federa-tion) Cellular telecommunic ation network with capacity transfer. Study Question 10 2/2 – Telecommunications/ ICT for rural and remote areas New technology (broadband wireless) 2/25 31Aug-10 China (People’s Republic of) 2/40 10Sep-10 KDDI Japan 15Feb-11 Nepal Telecommu nications Authority This contribution provides the graphical information for the project called “Pilot installation of TeleCenter for remote Education and Health-Care in Rural Area and Isolated Islands in Micronesia” to supplement the text information which is the only way we can use currently to report the project on the “Case Library for Rural Communications” in ITU-D Web site. This contribution also proposes the upgrade of “Case Library” function, enabling the use of graphical information. Due to her very peculiar topography, Nepal poses a great challenge for the development of telecommunications and ICT infrastructures. Other socio-economic and cultural indicators also do not directly support the uses and adoption of relatively newer telecommunications and ICT services. It is evident from the government targets set through the three consecutive development plans-the ninth and tenth five- year and the interim three- year development plans adopted by the Government of Nepal which aimed to achieve the availability of two telephone lines in each of the 3915 Village Development Committees (VDCs). These targets were met only by the end of the three-year interim plan (FY 63/64-66/67). This target was achieved not as a matter of course-but because of the fact that there were several policy and regulatory interventions made by the Government of Nepal and the Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA). This story highlights the importance of specific policy and regulatory interventions for telecom growth in rural Nepal. Case study (eeducation, ehealth) RGQ103/2/3 Draft Proposal on Research Plan of Telecommuni cations for rural and remote areas Pilot installation of Tele-Center for remote Education and Health-Care in Rural Area and Isolated Islands in Micronesia Policy and Regulatory Intervention for Telecom Growth in Rural Nepal In accordance with the theme of Step 1 of study Question 10-2/2, it is proposed that a study should be made of one of the methods of tackling the task defined by ITU using a “cellular communication system with capacity transfer”. The proposed solution is the project “Cellular telecommunication network with capacity transfer”. This uses the latest technologies that have been developed with a view to reducing capital and operating costs. Use of this solution wherever possible promotes convergence between services and applications, and reduces energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The text proposed a research plan in 2011-2014 for the Question 10-2/2 on “telecommunications for rural and remote areas”. 65 Remarks Research plan Case study (universal access) / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract Remarks However, such government and regulatory initiatives are not without criticisms from different corners specifically from the perspectives of transparency, professionalism, efficiency and independence of such initiatives. In this paper we highlight some of the major initiatives made by the government and the regulator and the objectives achieved. RGQ103/2/4 16Feb-11 Nepal Telecommu nications Authority Rural Challenges: Telecommuni cations/ICT Development Perspectives RGQ103/2/5 22Feb-11 Burundi Ministry of Telecoms, Information, Communica tion and Relations with Parliament Connectivity project broadband wireless Rural and remote areas of most of the developing countries are characterized by difficulty in accessibility by any means of transportation either ground or air, absence of national grid for electricity, absence of any kind of skilled human resources, low literacy, sparsely populated areas with lower population density, absence of good health care facilities, no employment opportunities, low paying capacities of the people, no access to information sources resulting in the lower socio-economic indicators as well as lowest state of infrastructure development. When these indicators are low, they have direct or indirect impact on the development of telecommunications/ICTs in such areas. The major stakeholders in the entire telecommunications/ICT value chain and ecosystem face a number of challenges from their own perspectives when they want to contribute to the development of telecommunications/ICTs in the rural and remote areas of developing countries. In this contribution, we have identified the government, the regulator, the telecom service providers, the CPE manufacturers, the infrastructure manufacturer (vendors), the VAS providers, the content developers, the bilateral and multilateral donor agencies, the civil society organizations, the consumers etc., as the major stakeholders in the telecommunications/ICT value chain. Each one of them face specific challenges from their own perspectives and these challenges are enumerated in this paper. During the next five years we have to work hard to achieve the targets set in the WSIS Action Plan and the related action lines. The way forward to address these challenges is also recommended. The project is a gift to the Foundation Craig & Suzan McCAW and consists of: - Deployment of broadband infrastructure in identified areas in Burundi, by mutual agreement with the ITU - The development of ICT applications - Training of local experts to operate the installed network - The development of a national plan to deploy a broadband ICT network providing free or inexpensive to underserved populations in rural and remote areas. Case study (stakeholder analysis) Case study (broadband wireless) 66 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract RGQ103/2/6 25Feb-11 Uganda Communica tions Commission Universalizing Access to ICTs for Social and Economic Development: Lessons and Experiences learnt from Uganda RGQ103/2/7 28Feb-11 Chad 2/93 18-Jul11 OJSC IntellectTelecom (Russian Federation) The development of telecommunications/ ICTs for rural and remote areas in Chad Reducing energy costs through the implementation of a cellular telecommunication network with capacity transfer for rural and remote areas 2/94 18-Jul11 OJSC IntellectTelecom (Russian Federation) This paper attempts to analyze Uganda’s experiences with regard to her universal access policy and objectives. The objective is to derive best practices that Uganda and other developing countries may consider adopting in their quest to improve delivery of ICT services in the underserved areas in order to stimulate social and economic transformation of the rural areas. The paper contends that an effective policy and regulatory framework has been the cornerstone to driving universal access agenda to ICTs in Uganda. However, in order to move a sustainable universal access policy, the requirement for effective problem definition, feasibility analysis and objectives setting that are in line with the local conditions is of critical importance. In doing this, consideration should be taken to build in synergy and developing partnerships with other stakeholders. This should be followed by formulation of the business concept even though the initiative is for commercial and/or meeting social obligations. In Chad, telecommunications development is primarily the work of the government. The government has installed VSAT stations in the regions and in departments of Chad, which permit authorized licencees to install VSAT stations in any corner of Chad to operate their independent networks. This document provides some further information on the study presented in OJSC Intellect Telecom's earlier proposal in Document 2/002-E titled “Cellular telecommunication network with capacity transfer”, which would significantly reduce energy consumption. The proposed technology for the deployment and operation of the associated (broadband) cellular telecommunication system will reduce capital costs (CAPEX) by a factor of 2-3, operational costs (OPEX) by a factor of 2-3 and energy consumption by a factor of 2-4, as well as using alternative energy sources. This document provides some further information on the study presented in OJSC Intellect Telecom's earlier proposal in Document 2/002-E titled “Cellular telecommunication network with capacity transfer”, which would significantly reduce energy consumption. In contributions and materials for the meeting of the Rapporteur Group on Question 10-3/2 held on 22-23 March 2011 in Geneva, it was stated that solving the problem of telecommunication development in rural and remote areas will depend to a large extent on the implementation of technologies with reduced energy consumption. This document provides some additional information in this regard. 67 Reducing energy costs through the implementation of a "cellular telecommunication network with capacity transfer" for rural and remote areas Remarks Case study (universal access) Case study (satellite) New technology (broadband wireless) New technology (broadband wireless) / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract Remarks This contribution provides information regarding to Viet Nam's Strategic Plan on Information and Communications Development from now to 2020, with emphasis on relevant information regarding telecommunication and ICTs for rural and remote areas. Viet Nam hopes that this Strategic Plan can be useful to developing countries. Viet Nam looks forward to receiving comments from delegates and representatives from the membership. This contribution gives the current status of efforts that Rwanda provides in building broadband. It mainly focuses on the fiber optic deployment and lightly on other broadband technologies. National plan This text describes the main characteristics of Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) and its typical application in building rural broadband networks in China. Additionally, the text compares the project costs of FTTH and FTTV which are the two main ways to deploy EPON in rural China. This contribution from Mongolia shares information about the National Broadband Program of Mongolia approved by the Cabinet of Government to achieve the goals of the Broadband Commission and ITU Declarations. Globally, information and communication technology is developing rapidly and emerging technologies and services are extensively based on the broadband network and the internet. For Mongolia, the new technology and services entail a greater need for IPbased network infrastructure, along with the need for effective implementation, involving a steady demand for the development and implementation of a national program to create a favorable legal and regulatory environment and to identify required measures and action for the establishment, extension, use, possession and development of a broadband network. As a result of extensive surveying of Mongolia's current broadband network, along with international best practices, Recommendations from ITU and the Broadband Commission, global pacts and Conventions, as well as world trends regarding highspeed broadband networks and potential services deliverables through the network and the awareness of the importance of broadband use, a 5-year National Program (2011-2015) for nationwide implementation has developed and approved by the Cabinet of the Government of Mongolia on 03 May’2011, Resolution number 145. Through this planning we are seeking to bring digital terrestrial television to educational establishments in rural and semi-urban locations, as a tool for social inclusion and for bringing ICTs to those pupils most in need. Case study (optical fiber) 2/100 10Aug-11 Viet Nam Strategic Action Plan for Telecommunication/ICT Development for Rural and Remote Areas 2/101 11Aug-11 Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency (Rwanda) 2/102 18Aug-11 People’s Republic of China Rwanda National Broadband within ICT Plans and Objectives for Success EPON in the Rural Areas of China 2/105 10Aug-11 Mongolia National Broadband Program of Mongolia RGQ103/2/14 13-Jan12 Argentine Republic National Plan for the equipment of rural and border-area schools with satellite antennas Case study (optical fiber) National plan National plan (satellite) 68 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date RGQ103/2/16 20Jan-12 RGQ103/2/17 08Feb12 69 Source Title Abstract Malawi Regulatory Challenges for Rural Telecommuni cations in Malawi Nepal (Federal Democratic Republic of) Draft text for survey: “Developing a global compendium of policy and regulatory initiatives/ interventions for developing telecommunications/ICTs /broadband in rural and remote areas” This contribution presents constraints facing Malawi’s rural telecommunication growth and the regulatory challenges to universal access in the country. Malawi Communications Regulatory Authority (MACRA), established under section 3 of the Communications Act (1998) had been charged with the functions of ensuring that as far as it is practicable, reliable and affordable communication services sufficient are provided throughout the country to meet the demand. MACRA’s main function is to promote universal access to ICT services in Malawi. MACRA discharges its functions in such a way that it plans how the sector shall be developed in accordance with government policy for the sector. MACRA is mandated not only to plan how the sector shall be developed but also to monitor the growth of the sector. Like in most developing countries, observations have shown that it becomes very difficult to access Internet services in the rural and remote areas in Malawi. Though there has been some remarkable growth for mobile telephony, internet services are not available in most rural and remote areas of Malawi. This disadvantages the people living in the rural and remote areas. This disparity in access to ICT services is one of the challenges which the regulatory authority in Malawi is geared to address. Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband has been considered sine qua non for the overall national development. Direct/indirect correlation has been established between meeting the MDGs targets and the availability, use and applications of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband. Most of the countries of the world have liberalized the telecom sector. However our experiences suffice to claim that without policy/regulatory interventions/initiatives, Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband can be expanded in the rural and remote areas even in the developed countries. Many governments and regulators around the world have thus intervened with specific policy and regulatory measures so that the rural and remote areas of the country are also provided with Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband services in a sustainable manner in a competitive prices and quality. This contribution has two parts. The second part of this contribution is an annex to the first part and is a questionnaire to collect information from the ITU member states/sector members to develop a global compendium of such policy and regulatory initiatives and interventions for developing Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas. Once such a compendium is developed, then this can be shared for benefit of the member states. Remarks Case study (universal access) National Plan, Questionnaire for survey / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract It is well known that there is a ‘divide’ between those with access to broadband solutions and those, typically in more rural areas (but also in non-rural but under-served areas) who have limited or no access to broadband services. It is now considered that the current usage of video for key service applications requires a minimum of 1.5 mega bit per second downlink speed. Even so, recent advances in wireless broadband technologies and regulation provide a large range of solutions for deployment where wired solutions are too expensive or difficult to install, too slow to deploy or not well adapted to usage requirements. These trends in rural telecom deployment solutions are particularly important in developing countries as far as they address technical, social and economic targets. This contribution summarizes a large range of possible solutions deployable in licensed or unlicensed spectrum, either for access or for backhauling purposes, addressing fixed/nomadic as well as mobile connectivity in rural and under-served areas. The World Radiocommunication Conference 2012 (WRC-12) was held in Geneva, Switzerland from 23 January – 17 February. At the request of Mr. Mokrane Akli, Chairman of Study Group 2, the Rapporteurs were asked to provide a brief summary of the conclusions of WRC-12 that might be of interest to developing country participants at the Rapporteur Group meetings in March 2012. The following represents the personal views of the Rapporteurs and not the views of any administration. Given the short time available to process the results of the WRC, this is only a highlevel summary. Participants are encouraged to review the Provisional Final Acts now available online: www.itu.int/md/R12-WRC12-R-0001/en. Where possible, this contribution provides references to the Resolution numbers so the complete texts may be more easily located in the Provisional Acts. In developing countries, it may take a long time before the optical access network is deployed. WIPAS (Wireless IP Access System) is an FWA system which provides high-speed broadband service to such countries quickly and economically. WIPAS has actually commercialized in some countries since 2003. It can be also applied to mobile backhaul (MBH) and several kinds of ICT applications. This contribution proposes that the WIPAS overview, its target applications and deployment examples, which are presented in this document, be considered to be used as materials for the future report on the Question 10-3/2 of ITU-D. RGQ103/2/18 14Feb12 AlcatelLucent (France) Terrestrial wireless technologies for connecting rural communities RGQ103/2/19 28Feb12 Rapporteurs for Questions 22-1/2 and 25/2 Report on developments at WRC-12 of possible interest to developing countries RGQ103/2/24 15Mar12 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT), Japan Proposal of highspeed/highquality FWA system which achieves more economical broadband access network in rural areas Remarks New technology (broadband wireless) Report (WRC-12) New technology (broadband wireless) 70 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract Remarks The Government of Japan has set forward various telecommunications and ICT projects for the development in rural and remote areas on bilateral and multilateral basis. This document tries to share some of the recent experiences of such projects. The examples shown in the document are: 1. Pilot project for improved health & medical environment with ICT for rural areas in Lao P.D.R, 2. Broadband farm to market ecosystem for fisherfolk communities in Philippines, and 3. ICT for human development and human security project in 12 countries in the South Pacific. This contribution provides an overview of a BDT report prepared on rural broadband with a focus on experience of India but equally relevant for developing countries in general. This report focuses on two forces opposing and neutralizing each other to bring broadband connectivity to a situation of stalemate. One is the technological option of developing suitable infrastructure that incorporates both the advantage of advanced technology and at the same time keeps the cost to the level of affordability of the target population in the remote and rural areas. The other is the realization that the cost of connectivity alone cannot ensure acceptance of broadband connectivity by the rural population. For the service provider as a business model it is finally the balance between the revenue and cost. The development perspective, however, has to go beyond the balance sheet and connectivity has to be connected with the development goals with tangible benefits. This document informs participants of the plan to bring Internet connectivity to rural and border area schools in Argentina using satellite antennas. Case study (ehealth, eagriculture, eeducation) Realization of the Millennium Development Goals aimed at improving connectivity and access to ICTs for everyone by 2015 requires the development of infrastructure in the rural and remote areas of developing countries, where over half of the world’s population lives. This contribution (revision of contribution No. RGQ10-3/2/INF/5) presents some ideas concerning ICTs, economic and technological solutions for rural communities, the regulatory environment required and, globally, the manner in which ICTs can help to improve quality of life in rural and remote areas. Case study RGQ103/2/25 16Mar12 Japan Case studies of rural telecommunications/ICT projects 2/158 09-Jul12 BDT Programme 1 Rural Broadband for Developing Countries: Options and Challenges 2/160 12-Jul12 Argentina 2/162 24-Jul12 Madagascar Satellite Internet connectivity plan for rural schools in Argentina Rural and remote areas 71 Report National plan (satellite) / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract 2/167 27-Jul12 Madagascar Widening access to mobile telephone services in Madagascar through the Cloud Phone system. Case study (universal access) 2/168 03Aug12 OJSC IntellectTelecom (Russian Federation) This document explains the result of examination of "Mobile cellular network with capacity transfer." The use of the proposed technology reduces the capital and operating cost by two or three times and reduces electricity consumption by 2.5 to four times. In addition, the examination has highlighted that the capacity transfer repeaters are the key element of the network infrastructure in the mobile cellular network. New technology (broadband wireless) 2/188 29Aug12 Togo Widening access to mobile telephone services in Madagascar through the Cloud Phone system Inexpensive, sustainable and energysaving communication infrastructure for rural and remote areas based on the "mobile cellular network with capacity transfer" Provision of basic services in rural telephony Case study (universal access) 2/190 31Aug12 Fujitsu Limited, Japan The Millennium Development Goals aim to improve connectivity and access to ICT for all by 2015. To achieve these objectives, Togo has implemented several programs to ICT development. The program which is the subject of this contribution is the universal service. Since 2008, the definition of a new strategy of universal service has covered many places in rural areas in order to make available basic telecommunications services to the people of these communities. This contribution aims to share the experiences of Togo in its program of development of ICT in remote rural areas and the difficulties he faced in the field. There is an increasing demand for ICT application for agriculture in Japan and in other countries. Fujitsu conducted sensor network trials for collecting field data such as temperature and humidity from the vineyards and sweet-corn fields and analyzed harvesting time or used for controlling air ventilation. This document introduces the overview of the trials and our findings and action items for future deployment. Application of sensor network for agriculture Remarks Case study (eagriculture) 72 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract The critical issue in many developing countries is huge gap between urban and rural areas in providing of broadband access services. The Russian Federation has vast territory with difficult climate and long distances between the populated areas. For this reason much attention is paid to connecting rural and remote areas of Russian Federation. In particular Russian Federation has long standing experience in using 400 MHz band for that purpose. The microwave point-to-point radio that uses this band provides low-cost and quick deployment of carrier networks for connection rural and remote areas with low density of populations where fiber or copper cabling is quite expensive or technically impossible. The equipment operates in UHF range and is able to transmit information over long distances up to 100 km. It could be modified to operate in any band in the 300–3000 MHz range. This contribution includes microwave point-to-point fixed link overview, purpose of the system and networking examples. This material is proposed to be included into the Report on Question 10-3/2. Annex 1 contains information on FWA system according to Case Study Library Template. This information has been added to the case study library on Question 10-3/2 via ITU web site section for previous study period. This contribution proposes a plan to penetrate a “real” broadband infrastructure at relatively low cost in rural and remote areas in developing countries. The key is lightweight, thin, robust optical cables and their low-cost installation techniques that would open up a new door to penetrate ICT services into such areas thus effectively and quickly closing the digital divide. The plan was presented at TDAG and ASTAP both in 2012, and seventeen countries have so far expressed support in conducting the field trials in their countries. Practical comments and suggestions are invited particularly from developing countries. This document presents the revised draft questionnaire aimed to collect information to develop a compendium to be included in the outputs of the Question. 2/198 05Sep12 Russian Federation Proposal of FWA system in 400 MHz for providing broadband wireless access in rural areas 2/219 10Sep12 ITU Association of Japan, Japan A plan of costeffectively penetrating “real” broadband infrastructure into rural and remote areas in developing countries 2/222 10Sep12 Nepal (Federal Democratic Republic of) Revised draft text for survey: “Developing a global compendium of policy and regulatory initiatives/ interventions for developing telecommunic ations/ ICTs/ broadband in rural and remote areas” 73 Remarks New technology (broadband wireless) New technology (fiber) Questionnaire for survey / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract Remarks New Brazilian General Plan for Universal Service – PGMU and 450 MHz Status of eHealth in the United Republic of Tanzania The Brazilian General Plan for Universalization brought great advance for fixed telephony in rural areas in Brazil. After its update, there are new goals for individual and collective access in rural areas with the use of 450MHz that need to be implemented country wide until December 2015. This document reviews the status of current and ongoing initiatives by the Government of Tanzania on e-health services. Having completed the implementation of national fiber optic backbone that connect all regions, during year 2011 and 2012, the Minister of Communications, Science and Technologies convened several meetings with stakeholders to deliberate e-health issues. He also formed a National Committee to oversee the implementation of e-health services which will start to ensure five hospitals are connected before the end of 2012. This paper provides brief overview on two major pilot projects which has been planned to take place this year and the way forward The Broadband Commission for Digital Development was established by ITU and UNESCO in response to UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon’s call to step up efforts to achieve the MDGs. Launched in May 2010, the Commission comprises government leaders from around the world and top-level representatives and leaders from relevant industries and international agencies and organizations concerned with development. The Broadband Commission embraces a range of different perspectives in a multistakeholder approach to promoting the roll-out of broadband, and provides a fresh approach to UN and business engagement. To date, the Commission has published a number of high-level policy reports, as well as a number of best practices and case studies to promote the roll-out of broadband networks and services in developing countries to help achieve the MDGs. At its 14th meeting, Working Party 5D has appointed Dr. Bienvenu A. Soglo as chairman of Sub Working Group Handbook. WP 5D concurs with this initial organization and has considered placement of material and made modifications included at the appropriate location in the revised working document (Att. 3.13 to Document 5D/196).At this meeting, WP 5D also revised the work plan (Att. 3.14 to Document 5D/196) for the development of the handbook. Both working document and work plan are attached to this document. The meeting participants are invited to consider this document. National Plan (Universal Service) 2/226 11Sep12 Brazil (Federative Republic of) 2/228 12Sep12 Tanzania (United Republic of) 2/237 18Sep12 General Secretariat Broadband Commission presentation RGQ103/2/27 16Oct-12 ITU-R Study Groups – Working Party 5D Liaison Statement to ITU-R Working Parties 4B and 5C, ITU-T SG 13 Question 15/13 and ITU-D SG2 Questions 10-3/2 and 25/2, on the Appointment of SubWorking Group Handbook Chairman and Work Progress Case study (ehealth) Report Report 74 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source RGQ103/2/28 08Jan-13 RGQ103/2/31 RGQ103/2/32 75 Title Abstract Remarks Rwanda (Republic of) Access to telecommunic ation/ICT services by persons with disabilities and with special needs Case Study (ehealth) 04Feb13 International Telecommun ications Satellite Organization (ITSO) Reference and resource for the Draft Report on Question 10-3/2 09Feb13 International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) European Telecommunications Satellite Organization (EUTELSAT IGO) Satellite Solutions for Digital Inclusion According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that 650 million people in the world live with some type of disability; 80% of the people live in low income countries such as East Africa member states and the number continues to grow creating survival challenges due to over dependence. As the world continues to witness the dynamism in the growth of ICT sector, it should be noted that greater social inclusion needs to be considered at all levels for sustainable ICT growth, economic development and reduction of dependence that results from excluding people/consumers with special needs and hence negating efforts put in development. This contribution puts forward some policy and regulatory remedies in order to improve access to services by people with disabilities and gives also current status of projects which gives access to telecommunication/ICT services for persons with disabilities and with special needs in Rwanda. This document contains a Report from an ITU-ITSO workshop on “Satellites: A Solution for Broadband Access” that is relevant to the implementation of universal access to broadband services worldwide. The outcomes of this seminar may be useful to consider for the work towards a revised version of the Draft Report, particularly in elaborating sections of the report related to the role of satellite communications in broadband deployment plans and policies. Given their special characteristics, rapid deployment and ubiquitous coverage, satellite-based solutions have been increasingly utilized to help achieve universal broadband coverage, particularly for remote and rural areas where terrestrial infrastructure is limited, as well as providing coverage of the oceans, where other infrastructures are obviously unavailable. In light of the importance of the work of the UN Broadband Commission to the implementation of the Work Plan for Study Question 10-3/2, the co-authors invite the Rapporteur Group to consider the attached extracts from the Broadband Commission’s Report – State of Broadband 2012: Achieving Digital Inclusion for All when developing the Draft Report. Report Report / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract Remarks RGQ103/2/34 29Jan-13 International Telecommun ication Academy (Russian Federation) In response to the above survey on policy and regulatory initiatives for developing telecommunications/ ICTs/broadband in rural and remote areas, we propose an analysis of the situation in the Russian Federation and put forward a number of initiatives by the International Telecommunication Academy with a view to achieving improvements in this sector. Report RGQ103/2/35 26Feb13 KDDI Corporation This contribution is modified content of “Mobile WiMAX in Japan” for the new case study library. Case Study (broadband wireless) RGQ103/2/36 03Mar13 Marshall Islands (Republic of) ITU-D Study Group Question 10-3/2: Survey on Policy and Regulatory Initiatives for Developing Telecommunications/ICTs /Broadband in Rural and Remote Areas Contribution to Case Study Library: Mobile WiMAX in Japan Contribution to Case Study Library: Livelihood opportunities and culture preservation through a sustainable and ecofriendly ICT telecenter Case Study (broadband wireless) RGQ103/2/38 05Mar13 SES WORLD SKIES (Netherlands) Emergency.lu Rapid Response Communicati ons Solution RGQ103/2/44 27Mar13 Qualcomm Incorporated (United States of America) Contribution to Case Study Library: Mobile Health Information System: Providing access to information for health care workers This contribution is about a ICT development project in Mejit Island, one of the many under developed islands in the Marshall Islands. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC) in cooperation with Mejit Local Government would create a COPRA COOPERATIVE or similar SUSTAINABILITY plan to stimulate the economic growth in the island, at the same time educating the community and the youths. Femto technology is the proposed solution for the outer island as an alternative to the expensive setup of GSM configuration which requires airconditioning unit and high cost of equipments. Natural or man-made disasters and humanitarian emergencies often require rapid deployment of communications solutions to restore connectivity. Due to the volume of data required to coordinate a response, broadband connectivity is becoming increasingly essential to effective disaster response. Luxembourg companies have partnered with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Luxembourg to form emergency.lu, a satellite communication solution that can be installed within hours of a disaster. emergeny.lu has been useful in supporting humanitarian missions in South Sudan and Venezuela, and in providing training exercises for emergency aid workers Through a collaboration of Qualcomm Wireless Reach, FHI 360, Eastern Cape Department of Health, MTN, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, and South Africa Partners, nurses and doctors in the East London Health Complex are using 3G wireless technologies to receive the latest health information and provide better care to their patients. Case Study (emergency communication, satellite) Case Study (e-health) 76 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract Remarks Qualcomm Incorporated (United States of America) Contribution to Case Study Library: Mobile Microfranchising & AppLab Project in Indonesia Case Study (ebusiness) Liaison Statement from ITU-R WP5A to ITU-D SG 2 on the use of spectrum and radio technology low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural communications in developing countries UNGIS Joint Statement on the Post 2015 Development Agenda In Indonesia, underserved residents, most of whom are women, are using mobile technology to access unique business opportunities and gain the skills needed to lift themselves out of poverty. Implementing partner Grameen Foundation, through its Mobile Microfranching and Application Laboratory (AppLab) initiatives, is working with Qualcomm Wireless Reach and Ruma, a social enterprise that empowers the poor using mobile phone technology, to establish a multi-tier suite of data services that can be accessed via two distribution channels: (1) Ruma Entrepreneurs, a human network of mostly women who own and operate mobile microfranchise businesses, and (2) commercially available phones in the mass market. This document contains an incoming liaison statement from ITU-R WP5A, concerning the use of spectrum and radio technology low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural communications in developing countries. It is sent for information to the ITU-D/ITU-R Joint Group for Resolution 9 (Rev. Hyderabad, 2010) and ITU-D Study Group 2. In keeping with its mandate to promote policy coherence and programme coordination in the UN system, as well as provide guidance on issues related to information and communications technologies (ICTs) in support of internationally agreed development goals, the 30 members of the UN Group on the Information Society (UNGIS) will respectfully submit a joint statement to the UN Secretary General and the UN Task Team. The statement is a collective contribution to the dialogue on the Post-2015 Development Agenda, a unified effort to harness inter-agency expertise and experience to support deliberations on Post-2015 priorities, and a united commitment to a UN community poised to address development challenges in the 21st century. Statement RGQ103/2/45 27Mar13 2/267 5- Jun13 ITU-R Study Groups – Working Party 5A 2/297 9- Jul13 General Secretariat Statement Reference: www.ungis.org/Portals/0/documents/JointInitiatives /UNGIS.Joint.Statement.pdf 2/306 77 22Jul- 13 ITU-R Study Groups – Working Party 5D Liaison Statement from ITU-R WP5D to ITU-D Study Group 2 on (COPY TO ITU-D study group 2 and ITU-R WP 5a FOR INFORMATION) Working Party 5D endorses the liaison statement from Working Party 5A in Document 5D/331 in response to the liaison statement from ITU-T Study Statement / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source 2/312 29-Jul13 Egypt (Arab Republic of) 2/322 18Aug13 China (People’s Republic of) 2/339 6-Sep13 Qualcomm Incorporated (United States of America) Title Abstract the use of spectrum and radio technology low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural communications in developing countries Evaluating different access technology options Group 5 in Document 5A/211 “Use of spectrum and radio technology low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural commu-nications in developing countries”. As also advised by ITU-R WP 5A, we agree that spectrum and radio technologies are clearly within the mandate of ITU-R and not ITU-T. WLAN Coverage solutions in rural China Contribution to case study library: Fishing with 3G Nets (Environment and Entrepreneurs hips Project) This contribution presents the summery of studies and consultations of “Evaluating Different Access technology options” performed by national telecommunications regulatory authority of Egypt in collaboration with vendors and some independent consultancy firms. The contribution consists of five major parts. The first part describes the purpose of such studies. The second parts identify the scope of the study. The third part demonstrates the assessment criteria. The fourth part includes the technology evaluation and analysis of the results and the last part highlights the key findings. The distribution of broadband users in rural China is dense at micro level while scattered from the macro perspective, and the wired network resource in remote villages is extreme inadequate. Contrary to the fixed broadband access network, WLAN with limited mobility, high bandwidth and low building cost, can be flexibly deployed and utilized, which means WLAN tends to better satisfy the broadband data access demand in rural areas. This contribution describes 3 kinds of WLAN Solutions in Rural China and transportation technologies for rural WLANs. Qualcomm Wireless Reach™, Telefonica Vivo Foundation, the United States Agency for International Development, Editacuja Publishing and the Instituto Ambiental Brasil Sustentavel (IABS), a Brazilian environmental nonprofit organization, are collaborating on a project to promote sustainable social and economic development in fishing communities in the city of Santa Cruz Cabralia, in northeastern Brazil, through digital and social inclusion. Fishing is one of the main economic activities in the region and provides a living for families who have been in the business for years using techniques inherited from their ancestors. Over fishing, coupled with the lack of investment, has resulted in diminishing opportunities, reducing the income of the fishing communities and resulting in the emigration of young people to other cities in search of jobs. The project ‘Fishing with 3G Nets’ aims to support the implementation of new economic activities through the use of 3G connected smartphone and tablet applications. Remarks Report Case study Case study 78 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for action) No. Date Source Title Abstract 2/340 6-Sep13 Qualcomm Incorporated (United States of America) Contribution to case study library: Let’s Get Ready! Mobile Safety Project Qualcomm Wireless Reach™ and Sesame Workshop, the nonprofit educational organization behind Sesame Street, are collaborating on a 3G mobile safety project to help families with young children in China learn about emergency preparedness. The “Let’s Get Ready!” project uses a 3G mobile website, mobile application and fun content featuring Sesame Street characters to create an interactive and engaging learning experience for children ages 3-6 and their caregivers. The project emphasizes the importance of knowing your name and address, having an emergency plan, packing an emergency kit, and learning about people and places within the community that can help in an emergency. Remarks Case study List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) No. Date Source Title 2/INF/3 03Sep10 Korea (Republic of) The INV (Information Network Village) Project 2/INF/4 06Sep10 TURK TELEKOMU NIKASYON A.S. Turkey's rural transformation project 79 Abstract The INV project was created by the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs (MOGAHA), now restructured and renamed as MOPAS (Ministry of Public Administrations and Security), in order to allow the public in remote areas to have easier access to content on, for instance, education, medical information, and agricultural skills to reduce the digital gap between geographical locations. It also enables direct supply of local products to consumers. The project plays an important role in boosting the local economy and in balancing regional development, which have been among the main objectives of the national agenda in Korea. At the beginning, the government took a cautious approach to avoid a potential waste of resources by using a step-by-step strategy. From August 2001 to May 2002, the first phase of the project had been carried out involving 25 villages which are mainly located in agricultural and fishing areas. Since it was launched, the project has gone through 8 phases until the end of 2009, with each phase taking a year. By the increasing importance of ICT regarding the development of economies, especially in developing countries, telecommunication investment for rural and remote areas should be considered as a strategic vehicle to overcome the social, cultural and economic bottlenecks towards an integrated economy. In this context, Turk Telekomunikasyon Group has taken this issue on its agenda since 2007 and invested heavily over a wide range of Turkey with the inferior conditions and limited access to common welfare. In the scope of this project, fixed division of Turk Telekom Group achieved the rural transformation of the telecom infrastructure successfully in a shorter time period and made it ready for Next Generation Network. Remarks Case study (broadband access) Case study (NGN) / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) No. Date Source Title Abstract There are two types of internet population growth model: equilibrium and disequilibrium. Disequilibrium may cause digital divide. Generally young people are very good at new trend but old people are not. So the main issue is how to induce the old group to join the internet population. Here is one effort, as an equilibrium model, from the Korean government for bridging digital divide between generations. The Korean government task force group studied the profile and requirement of the lagging group and found killer application for them, along with learning opportunities on PC operation. And the private sector developed service applications needed. ITU-T Study Group 5, Question 22/5 will share the requested information with ITU-D Study Group 2 Question 10, 22 and 25 once this material becomes available. Case study This document is submitted for information, gives some developments of the reform of telecommunications and ICT business in Cameroon there are more than 10 years. Case study (ICT policy) Mejit Island is one of the many under developed islands in the Marshall Islands that has 80 households (300-400 inhabitants), more or less, living on a 0.72 square miles of land mass, and roughly 1 mile stretch from end to end of the inhabited area. The inhabitants have a little means of livelihood, or even none. Most of them only rely on their daily sustenance from crops and riches of the ocean. Mejit is known for their special kind of weaving pattern. Leaf-weaving is one of the cultures that the Marshallese need to carry on to the next generation. With the deployment of ICT in the island, this will attract tourist and prospected international investors to the leaf weaving and rope making with the proper information campaign. The rope making culture is dying right now and the government leaders must act to preserve the culture through the use of ICT, and e-learning. Mejit is one of the islands that is deprived of computer access due to economical circumstances, this depriving them from education. As for communication, the only means is through HF radio. This has been there for more or less two (2) decades now. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC) in cooperation with Mejit Case study (broadband access) 2/INF/7 07Sep10 Republic of Korea Korean Case Study of Inducing Middle-aged People to Use Internet 2/INF/ 16 06Jun-11 ITU-T Study Group 5 2/INF/ 21 20-Jul11 Cameroun 2/INF/ 25 08Aug11 Republic of the Marshall Islands Response on the request for information regarding upto-date power supply solutions for telecommunic ations/ICT infrastructure for rural and remote areas The new legislative and regulatory environment for electronic communications Livelihood Opportunities and Culture Preservation through a Sustainable and EcoFriendly ICT Telecenter Remarks Report 80 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) No. Date Source 2/INF/ 26 09Aug11 Korea Communications Commission (KCC) (Republic of Korea) 2/INF/ 34 9-Aug11 Congo (Democratic Republic of) 2/INF/ 36 15Aug11 81 Bangladesh Telecommun ication Regulatory Commission (Bangladesh) Title Broadband Internet in Rural and Remote Areas of Korea ICT communications in remote rural areas Statistics and Strategic Action Plan of Telecommunication/ICT Development in Bangladesh: Rural and Remote Areas Abstract Local Government would create a COPRA Cooperative or similar Sustainability Plan to stimulate the economic growth in the island, at the same time educating the community and the youths. Educating the public thru ICT also includes the preservation of the natural habitat and this is the same reason we will harness the power of the sun and wind. Internet access can be done by “internet access scratch card” for those who have their own computers with wireless access since WIFI will be deployed to cater to business, individuals, and tourists. With the deployment of both hardware and software mechanism, this will minimize the need for telecenter accountants or cashiers. MOTC will have an ICT awareness training program for the teachers that would be dispatched to the Mej. Rural broadband has been completed in Korea through the cooperation of private telecoms operator (KT, former state-owned operator) and the Government (central and local) by 2008 and currently Next Generation Network is under construction in the rural areas. KT’s cooperation was ensured by the ‘Decree of Universal Service Obligation of KT’ which has been prepared to impose KT to fulfill the duty of rural broadband internet connectivity even after the privatization of KT. However, broadband construction in the far remote areas such as the village of less than 50 households could be a financial burden for KT and therefore, the Korean Government has decided to provide financial subsidies for the construction of broadband networks for deep remote areas. The financial subsidy has amounted to 50% of the total construction cost and it was shared by central and local Government by half and half. This policy has enabled households in rural areas to subscribe broadband internet at the same price with same quality as urban households. KT has been cooperative on this project since KT, as a nation-wide operator, can compensate the profit loss in the areas where a few household subscribes broadband with the profit gained in other areas where sufficient subscribers are secured. The problem of telecommunications in the DRC still arises due to lack of adequate infrastructure that allows for a harmonious development. Though the installation of the long-awaited fiber optic cable has been completed, operation drags for reasons unknown. This contribution provides information on Bangladesh’s status with respect to access to technology for broadband telecommunications including IMT. It also covers relevant information regarding telecommunication and ICTs for rural and remote areas of Bangladesh. Remarks Case study (broadband access) Case study (broadband access) / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) No. Date Source Title Abstract The document is presented to share the experience of Ministry of Information Technology and other stakeholders in the successful roll out of telecommunications/ICT services in rural and remote areas of Pakistan through the Universal Service Policy framework and corporate structure (Public Private Partnership). The document also enlists the challenges faced by Ministry of Information Technology and stakeholders in the actual implementation of the programme. Member states may be encouraged to share their experience in this regard. This document presents Uganda’s Approach to Implementing Broadband Connectivity in Underserved Areas and Uganda’s Universal Access Policy (2010) (available at: www.ucc.co.ug/rcdf/rcdfPolicy.pdf). Internet penetration, access and usage in Uganda is still very low. This is also largely confined to urban commercial centers. Although Uganda’s previous universal access policy had supported the installation of Internet points of presence in all the underserved districts, the internet bandwidth speeds and quality of service issues has been of major concern by the end users. Therefore the new policy objective is expected improve broadband uptake in selected underserved areas as a pilot case. The pilot project will offer experiences for developing a national broadband policy and strategies for its implementation. Japan would like to inform the meeting about the situation of Fixed and Mobile Broadband services, especially LTE services delivered by NTT DoCoMo. 2/INF/ 38 05Aug11 Pakistan Telecom/ICTs for Rural and Remote Areas - Universal Service Experience of Pakistan 2/INF/ 41 10Aug11 Uganda Uganda’s Approach to Implementing Broadband Connectivity in Underserved Areas 2/INF/ 55 09Sep11 Japan 2/INF/ 74 14Sep11 Overview of Fixed and Mobile Broadband environment in Japan Future Networks by ITU-T 2/INF/ 76 14Sep11 RGQ103/2/INF /4 22Dec11 Telecommunication Standardizat ion Bureau Türk Telekom Group, Turkey The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Fiber Effect ICTP’s Fifteen Years Experience in ICT Training and Dissemination Remarks Case study (universal access) Case study (broadband access) Case study (broadband wireless) The attached presentation provides an overview of the work of ITU-T Study Group 13 and the dedicated Focus Group on Future Networks. Report The attached presentation provides an overview of the correlation between fibre, broadband penetration and incomes and how fibre can accelerate the growth of the broadband incomes. The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste, Italy, has been active in knowledge dissemination, focusing on training of young scientists that could diffuse the acquired knowledge further in their native regions. ICTP has been playing a leading role in the field of training in ICT for developing countries. In the last fifteen years, more than 40 training activities on wireless networking have been organized both in house as insitu. Several projects have been developed starting from training activities, and the knowledge acquired has been widely disseminated. Case study (optical fiber) Case study (training) 82 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) No. Date Source Title Abstract RGQ103/2/INF /5 30Jan-12 Madagascar (Republic of) Contribution of Telecommunications / ICT to improve the quality of life in rural and remote areas 2/INF/ 79 16-Jul12 BDT Programme 1 Status Report on the Implementation of ITU Conformance and Interoperability (C&I) Programme 2/INF/ 082 07Sep12 Japan RGQ103/2/ INF/07 25Mar13 OJSC IntellectTelecom (Russian Federation) Country case study: Pilot project for the improved health & medical environment with ICT for rural areas in Lao P.D.R. Energy effective and low cost technology for wireless broadband access and GSM cellular networks To achieve the Millennium Development Goals aimed at improving connectivity and access to ICT for all by 2015, it is essential to develop infrastructure in rural and remote areas of developing countries, where there is more than half of the world population. This paper presents some ideas on ICT technology solutions for rural economic and regulatory environment necessary and generally how ICT can improve the quality of life in rural and remote areas. PP-10 Resolution 177 endorsed the objectives of WTSA-08 Resolution 76 and WTDC-10 Resolution 47 as well as the recommendations of the Director of TSB endorsed by Council-09, and asked “that this programme of work be implemented in parallel without any delay.” In January 2012 the Assembly of the Radiocommunication sector of ITU approved the Resolution 62 titled “Studies related to testing for conformance with ITU R Recommendations and interoperability of radiocommunication equipment and systems on conformity and interoperability” so that all the sectors, now, have a resolution on this topic. A Business Plan on C&I, based on four pillars, has been developed by KPMG, a consultancy with excellent credentials in business plan preparation and the results of the studies will be presented to the next ITU Council. Within the ITU Secretariat, a C&I Task Force has been set up with participation of representative of all ITU Bureaux to mobilize resources internally and co-ordinate the implementation of the four pillars. This document summarizes the status of implementation of the respective Resolutions. This document tries to share the information of the ICT project, “Pilot project for improved health & medical environment with ICT for rural areas in Lao P.D.R”, which was introduced in the Document RGQ10-3/2/25-E, in the format provided in the Document 2/195-E. 83 This document presents the next step of development of the “Energy effective and low cost technology for wireless broadband access and GSM cellular networks”, for real 450 km motor road in Nizhny Novgorod region and the Northern part of the town of Gornoaltaysk in Russia. Energy saving effect of these projects is no less than 2-3 times, confirming the indexes shown in documents C-094, C-0168. Remarks Case study (universal access) Report Case study (ehealth) New technology (broadband wireless) / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) No. Date Source Title Abstract 2/INF/ 83 19-Jul13 Bhutan (Kingdom of) Case Study: WiMAX and FiberWiFi Broadband in Rural Areas of Bhutan 1-Aug13 India (Republic of) Innovative technological solution for broadband use in rural areas – Data Rural Application Exchange (D-Rax from C-DoT) 2/INF/ 85 1-Aug13 India (Republic of) 2/INF/ 86 1-Aug13 India (Republic of) 2/INF/ 88 9-Aug13 Japan A concept paper on setting up of Teleeducation Network in developing countries Successful einitiative for rural people in remote North Eastern part of India – Active community participation for sustainability Country Case Study: Telecommuni cations/ICT development by ad-hoc communicatio ns network for rural Shiojiri City in Nagano prefecture (Japan) This document is related to the Broadband Pilot Project Report. Pilot project clients in all fours geogs (villages) prior to the pilot project were using 3G data card or subscribed to mobile internet to access Internet. People in these geogs had to travel more than half a day to access Internet. Given the lack of IT literacy and technical know-how in the geogs, for the project connectivity until the customer premises is managed by Tashi InfoComm Limited (TICL). To ensure project sustainability, TICL will manage the business aspect of project without any intervention from department. Broadband through WiMAX provided easy and fast deployment in the geogs, than fiber optic cable. The contribution is a case about an innovative project in making broadband services accessible to rural masses with low literacy and ICT skillsets challenges. The objective of this contribution is a case study of a product from CDoT1 that exclusively developed to take care of limitation of ICT skillsets in rural people. The product is significant as it deals with one of the fundamental issues i.e. lack of ICT skillsets and literacy rampant for large masses to benefit from the broadband services to exploit the opportunities for their socio economic development. The contribution is a case on implementation of Tele-education project through Pan – African ENetwork Project by M/s Telecom Consultants of India Limited, a Government of India Enterprise. The project has been very successful and won several awards for innovation. This model could be used as an example for providing educational services through ICTs in the developing countries. The contribution briefly analyzes key factors of two successful e-initiative of ICT projects for rural poor in North Eastern part of India, with a view to frame a sustainable strategy for ICT deployment in the backward regions. The community participation (mainly of rural tribal women) for framing policies and their active involvement throughout implementation of ICT projects had become mandatory for any sustainable development in the remote tribal areas. 2/INF/ 84 This document shares information on the ICT project, “Telecommunications/ICT development by ad-hoc communications network for rural Shiojiri City in Nagano prefecture, Japan”, which was introduced during the April 2013 meeting (Document RGQ103/2/48-E) and using the new case study format provided in the Document 2/195. Remarks Case Study Case Study Case Study Case Study Case Study 84 / :10-3/2 List of contributions submitted to Question 10-3/2 (for information) Source Title Abstract 2/INF/ 92 No. 20Aug13 Côte d’Ivoire (République de) This paper has the following two main objectives: i. Briefly present the evolution of the regulatory reform and institutional framework of Telecommunications / ICT in Côte d'Ivoire; ii. Allow an update of information on the experience of Côte d' Ivoire, in the reports for the issues discussed in the committees Studies 1 & 2 of the ITU-D. Case Study 2/INF/ 93 16Sep13 Telecommunication Development Bureau Evolution of the regulatory and institutional framework in the field of Telecommuni cations / ICT in Côte d'Ivoire Case Study submitted to the Case Study Library: Satellite broadband supporting elections in Burkina Faso This document contains a case study that was submitted by SES World Skies (Netherlands) to the Case Study Library on “Satellite broadband supporting elections in Burkina Faso”. In December 2012, SES Broadband Services provided satellite broadband services for the parliamentary and municipal elections in Burkina Faso.As part of the agreement with the Independent National Elections Committee (CENI) in Burkina Faso, SES Broadband Services and its partners Newtec, Access Sat and Unicom provided satellite equipment and bandwidth to enable connectivity between the 45 electoral district offices, which serve as the hubs for 14,698 polling stations across the country, and the central election office in the capital, Ouagadougou. The system was used for video conferencing, video surveillance, Internet access, and fast and secure communication of ballots. Case Study 85 Date Remarks / :10-3/2 Annex 2: Analysis of questionnaire replies for global survey on policy initiatives/interventions on telecommunications/ICTs/broadband development 1 Survey background The overall aim of ITU-D Study Group 2 Question 10-3/2 is to study “the range and scope of techniques and solutions that are expected to play a significant role in the provision of e-application services for rural and remote areas.” In order for the Question to successfully complete its work for the 2010-2014 further input is needed from the ITU membership on techniques that can be used to best deliver the range of services, and applications required by rural and remote communities and adapted to the needs of their users. 2 Survey objectives The purpose of this survey is to gather detailed information on policy and regulatory measures that have been taken by the governments around the world and economic and business models for telecommunication/ICT growth in rural and remote areas. The survey also seeks to collect information on possible impact and analysis of such interventions/initiatives. The input received through this survey will be used as part of the outputs of the Question for the 20102014 study period, intended to assist countries in strengthening their capacity to address challenges for the development of telecommunications/ICTs/broadband in rural and remote areas. 3 Survey range The Questionnaire was sent to Administrations of ITU Member States and Observer (Res. 99), ITU-D Sector Members, Associates and Academia, Management Teams for ITU-D Study Groups 1 and 2, and Observers (Regional and International Organizations). Total of 29 entries from 27 countries were received. 193 Member States in ITU Answers were received from 23 Member States 2 Regional/Int’l Organizations 3 Sector Members and 1 SG2 Associate List of countries who participated (27) Andorra, Argentina, Bahamas, Belarus, Brazil, China, Colombia, D.R. Congo, Egypt, India, Japan, Latvia, Lebanon, Mauritius, Nepal, Niger, Oman, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Rwanda, Seychelles, Slovenia, Swaziland, Syria, United Kingdom and Vanuatu 29 entries received 86 / :10-3/2 Among 29 entries received, entries received from Sector Members and Regional/Int’l Organizations are; Cellular Operators Association of India, United Kingdom Telecommunications Academy (International), AHCIET, ABI Research (United States), The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services and Cable Bahamas Limited 4 Survey Questions The questions asked in the survey were as below; CONTACT INFORMATION a. Contact details b. Please select the name of your Administration/Organization from the list. (If it is not available, indicate the name in the field below the list) c. Region where your organization is based: Africa The Americas Asia and Pacific Arab States CIS countries Europe d. Country/countries where your organization is based SURVEY 1 Is there a formal definition of ‘rural’ or ‘remote’ areas? Yes No 1A If yes, please provide the definition(s). 1B If no, how do you handle policy related issues pertaining to telecommunications/ICTs /Broadband in rural and remote areas? (Please specify the present situation and eventual future policies) 2 Is there any specific government policy on Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband development in rural and remote areas? Yes No 3 If a government policy does exist, please specify which one: Telecommunications in rural and remote areas ICTs in rural and remote areas Broadband in rural and remote areas Other 4 What are the major features of such a policy? (Please make 2 or 3 proposals of these features) 5 If no specific government policy on Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband exists, how are the issues of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas being handled? 87 / :10-3/2 6 Is this a part of the national telecommunication/ICTs/broadband policy? Yes No 7 If it is part of the national telecommunication /ICT/Broadband policy, what provisions are made in the broad policy framework? 8 If it is not part of the national telecommunication /ICT/Broadband policy, is there any project in the future for it to be come part of it? Yes No Please specify in either case: _________ 9 Is the Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas considered a universal service/access obligation? Yes No 10 If it is, how is that obligation defined? 11 Is there a provision of Universal Service Fund or similar type of fund for the development of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas? Yes No 12 If such a provision exists, how are the funds collected? As a % of annual Gross Revenue As a fixed amount every year from the operators providing telecom services, etc. As committed by the service provider during licensing process Other scheme If “Other scheme” was selected, please specify: _________ 13 Who is responsible for disbursement in question 12? The government ministry The telecom regulator A separate body established for this purpose Other provision If “Other provision” was selected, please specify: _________ 14 Who is responsible for managing those funds? The government ministry The telecom regulator A separate body established for this purpose Other provision If “Other provision” was selected, please specify: _________ 15 What kind of economic model is being employed for the development of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas? Free market Capital subsidy provided for existing operator Capital and ongoing subsidy for existing operator Other If “Other” was selected, please specify: _________ 88 / :10-3/2 16 What kind of business model is being developed? Government owned incumbent operator mandated to provide the service Public-Private Partnership model (Private operators with capital subsidy) Private Operators with no subsidy but with other regulatory incentives Multi-stakeholders partnership model Other model If “Other model” was selected, please specify: _________ 17 How is major backbone infrastructure being developed in rural and remote areas? There is a National Broadband Network funded by: Government’s special budget Through the USO fund Any other sources such as donor agencies’ assistance Other source for funding Operators are building their own backbone network in isolation Operators are sharing their backbone networks Other scheme If “Other source for funding” was selected, please elaborate: _________ If “Other scheme” was selected, please specify: _________ 18 Do you have any specific policy, legal and/or regulatory framework for infrastructure sharing, especially in the rural and remote areas, for example optical fiber cable and BTS/Microwave towers and the related support infrastructures? Yes No 19 If such a framework exists, who issues such instruments? Government Regulator Other competent authority If “Other competent authority” was selected, please specify: _________ 20 Are there any instances of infrastructure sharing even in the absence of such instruments mentioned in Question 9-3/2? Yes No If yes, please elaborate: __________ 21 Are you planning to bring such guidelines to address the rural challenges? Yes No 22 Does your government provide any kind of tax rebate for import of equipments for providing Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas? Yes No 23 Do the license conditions oblige the Operator/Service provider to provide service in rural and remote areas? Yes No 89 / :10-3/2 24 Do you provide a specific rural/remote area license to Telecommunications/ ICTs/Broadband providers in rural and remote areas? Yes No 25 If you answered yes to question 24, are these providers allowed to provide services in urban areas once rural and remote obligations are met? Yes No 26 What backhaul/backbone technologies are being used in your country for connecting rural and remote areas ? Please tick all that applies Satellite/V-SAT Optical Fiber Cable Terrestrial Microwave Wireless such as WiFi, WiMax, LTE, etc Other technology If “Other technology” was selected, please specify: _________ 27 What access technologies are being used in your country for connecting rural and remote areas ? Please tick all that applies Copper Cable Fibre Fixed Wireless Acess Mobile such as GSM,CDMA, etc. Broadband such as 3G, WiMax, 4G, etc. Other technology If “Other technology” was selected, please specify: _________ 28 If there is any other specific policy/regulatory intervention/initiatives by your government or regulator-please elaborate. 90 / :10-3/2 5 0 Survey Results Region where your organization is based: Africa 6 21% 6 21% The Americas Asia and Pacific Arab States 1 3% CIS countries Europe 4 14% 7 24% 5 17% 1 Development level of responding countries Developed countries 24.14% Transition countries 3.45% Developing countries 55.17% Least developed countries 17.24% Is there a formal definition of 'rural' or 'remote' areas? By level of development No 9 35% Developed countries 60% Transition countries 100% Developing countries 60% Least developed countries 80% Yes 17 65% *28 organizations from 26 countries replied to this question *replies merged when multiple organizations in same country replied. 91 / :10-3/2 1.a If yes, please provide the definition United Kingdom Telecommunications Academy (UKTA) (International) UKTA is committed to providing eEducation on Policy & Regulation to the Least Developed Countries of the World. ABI Research (United States) The Rural Definition was introduced in 2004 as a joint project between the Commission for Rural Communities (CRC – formerly the Countryside Agency), the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Office for National Statistics (ONS), the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) and the Welsh Assembly. It was delivered by the Rural Evidence Research Centre at Birkbeck College (RERC). Areas forming settlements with populations of over 10,000 are urban, as defined by ONS urban area boundaries based upon land use. The remainder are defined as rural town and fringe, village or hamlet and dispersed using detailed postcode data. These (rural) settlement types are defined using population density at different scales. Once identified these are used to characterize census units (such as Output Areas and wards). Rural town and fringe areas tend to be relatively densely populated over an extended area, whereas village and hamlet areas generally have lower population densities and smaller settled areas. The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBILNIL) Towns or villages that have a population of less than 2500 inhabitants. Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (Colombia) The national statistics authority defines a rural zone as that where dwellings and land or fishing farms are dispersed and where, generally speaking, public services are not available. Human settlements in rural areas are defined as concentrations counting at least 20 adjacent houses. Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Telecommunications service for locations which are not or not adequately served by existing services Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Sparsely-populated areas with little or no basic social infrastructure (telephony, electricity, schools, dispensaries, etc.) and deemed unprofitable in terms of the heavy investment required for the deployment of a telecommunication/ICT infrastructure owing to the low revenues of rural populations. Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) Rural or remote areas are areas or villages that are relatively distant from towns; the population of these areas does not exceed 2 000. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) Rural Areas: Those Village Development Committees (VDCs) excluding Kathmandu Valley, Metropolitan Cities, Sub-Metropolitan Cities, Municipalities and its adjoining VDCs are referred to as Rural Areas. CATR of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) (China) Rural areas are divided into incorporated (administrative) villages and unincorporated (natural) villages. An incorporated village refers to the very basic rural administrative unit established by the government under the township level for the sake of organization. It is comprised of several natural villages. In terms of the relationship between these two terms, a natural village is under an incorporated village, i.e. several small neighbouring villages may form a bigger incorporated village. This incorporated village is administrated by a leading group (party branch and villagers’ committee), while different administrative groups (villagers’ groups) are established in its subordinate natural villages, with a leader appointed for each group. Unincorporated villages are administrated and led by the villagers’ committee of the corresponding incorporated village and the party branch of the village. 92 / :10-3/2 AHCIET (Colombia) Rural areas are understood to mean those with population centres of fewer than 2 500 inhabitants and as a rule dispersed, with little in the way of mobile or fixed infrastructures. They are normally classified as universal service objectives, and state investment is crucial because of the limited economic interest for operators, given that the cost of providing some services is too great for a company acting on its own and potential profits are low. Public intervention is crucial for achieving digital inclusion of these areas, and the State must develop the best ways of channelling the necessary investment. Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Population centres meeting the following criteria are defined as rural areas: 1 They do not form part of urban areas as defined by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI). According to INEI, the concept of urban area refers to that part of the territory of a district that is made up of urban population centres; that part may be made up of one or more urban population centres, a population centre being a location comprising a minimum of 100 residences grouped together forming blocks and streets. In addition, all district capitals are considered to be urban population centres even if they do not meet this criterion. An urban population centre is generally made up of one or more urban concentrations. 2 They have a population of less than 3 000 inhabitants, according to the latest population census or official forecast. 3 They have scarce basic services. Those localities with a teledensity of less than 2 fixed lines per 100 inhabitants are also considered to be rural areas without necessarily having to meet the above criteria. Ministry of Communications and Informatization (Belarus) The category “rural centres of population” comprises: - Agro-townships: well-equipped centres provided with production and social infrastructure to ensure that minimum state standards of social amenities are met for the inhabitants of these centres and of the surrounding areas. - Settlements, villages: centres of population provided with production and social infrastructure and not classified as agro-settlements. - Farmsteads: populated centres not classified as agro-townships, villages or settlements. There are several definitions for rural and remote areas depending on applicable laws, sector and jurisdiction. In Brazil, the Federal Law 5.172/1966 defines that urban area must have at least two of the following items: curb or sidewalk, with piped water; water supply; sewer system; public lightning; primary school or healthcare institution less than 3 kilometres from the reference building. Therefore, rural and remote areas are any area that don't fit those requirements. Furthermore, each and every city may further this definition, as long as it doesn't contradict the Federal Law. The Telecommunications Agency defines rural areas in Decret 7.512/2011 as every region outside the Basic Tax Areas (set of continuous Cities in the same State). Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações - ANATEL (Brazil) Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Latvia (Latvia) A rural area is a geographic area that is located outside the cities and towns. Office of the President, Department of Information Communication Technology (Seychelles) The outer islands in Seychelles are considered as remote areas. There are 72 outer islands. Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) The rural areas are the areas outside the main cities with a population from 200-2000 inhabitants, but the remote areas are the areas with a population below 200 inhabitants. Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) Area out of delimited boundaries of towns and cities. 93 / :10-3/2 ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) In terms of policy for the development of high-speed networks/NGAs (in rural areas), these are defined as parts of the national territory, mainly rural, where it is unlikely that, in the near future, the market will generate the incentives necessary for operators to invest in new infrastructure for the provision of broadband access services (especially high-speed), e.g. due to factors critical to the investment, such as population density (which determines the cost of bringing the network to households) and socio-economic factors such as age, education level and per capita income (which determine the potential revenue generated by the network). It is noted that in each of these areas, the municipalities covered are those with no competition at retail level, particularly those without cable network coverage and coverage by (co-located) alternative operators. Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) The definition is contained in Decree No. 264/98 art. 3. The rural area includes towns with fewer than five hundred (500) people who are at a distance greater than fifteen (15) kilometers from the boundary of Basic Rates Area (TBA) of the licensee companies historical basic telephone service. 1.b If not, how do you handle policy related issues pertaining to telecommunications/ ICTs /Broadband in rural and remote areas? (Please specify the present situation and eventual future policies) (cont’d) Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) The Government of India only has a definition for "Urban" which is: Rural and Urban areas Village or Town is recognised as the basic area of habitation. In all censuses throughout the world this dishotomy of Rural and Urban areas is recognised and the data are generally presented for the rural and urban areas separately. In the rural areas the smallest area of habitation, viz., the village generally follows the limits of a revenue village that is recognised by the normal district administration. The revenue village need not necessarily be a single agglomeration of the habitations. But the revenue village has a definite surveyed boundary and each village is a separate administrative unit with separate village accounts. It may have one or more hamlets. The entire revenue village is one unit. There may be unsurveyed villages within forests etc., where the locally recognised boundaries of each habitation area is followed within the larger unit of say the forest range officers jurisdiction. It is in defining the Urbans areas that problems generally arise. However for the 1971 Census the definition adopted for an urban area which follows the pattern of 1961 was as follows:(a) all places with a Municipality, Corporation or Cantonment or Notified Town Area (b) all other places which satisfied the following criteria: (i) a minimum population of 5,000. (ii) at least 75% of the male working population was non-agricultural. (iii) a density of population of at least 400 sq. Km. (i.e. 1000 per sq. Mile). The Director of Census of each State/Union Territory was, however, given some discretion in respect of some marginal cases, in consultation with the State Govt., to include some places that had other distinct urban characteristics and to exclude undeserving cases. Standard Urban areas A new concept that had been developed for the 1971 Census for the tabulation of certain urban data was the Standard Urban Area. The essential of a Standard Urban Area are : (i) it should have a core town of a minimum population size of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas made up of other urban as well as rural administrative units should have close utual socio- economic links with the core town and (iii) the probabilities are that this entire area will get fully urbanised in a period of two to three decades. 94 / :10-3/2 The idea is that it should be possible to provide comparable data for a definite area of urbanisation continuously for three decades which would give a meaningful picture. This replaced the concepts of Town Group that was in vogue at the 1961 Census. The town group was made up of independent urban units not necessarily contiguous to one another but were to some extent inter-dependent. The data for such town groups became incomparable from census to census as the boundaries of the towns themselves changed and the intermediate areas were left out of account; this concept came for criticism at one of the symposium of the International Geographic Union in Nov.Dec.1968 and the concept of Standard Urban Area came to be developed for adoption at the 1971 Census. If data for this Standard Area were to be made available in the next two or three successive censuses it is likely to yield much more meaningful picture to study urbanisation around large urban nuclei. Ref : http://censusindia.gov.in/Data_Products/Library/Indian_perceptive_link/Census_ Terms_link/censusterms.html Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) TRA relies on the Telecommunications Law 431/2002 in preparing the regulatory framework in relation to Telecommunications. In regards to Telecommunications policy, the Ministry of Telecommunications (MOT) is in charge of drafting such policy. The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) By law, all operators must extend cellular coverage to 98% of population. Fortunately, Egypt has unique demographics: the majority of population lives in only 5%-6% of its area, around the river basin, a handful of oasis and along the sea shores. So if we cover these regions, by default, we are covering 99% of the population, whether living in urban or rural areas. Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Conatel defines, within each project, those areas of public of social interest (Zonas de interés público o social, ZIPS), which are susceptible of being subsidized. They are areas without access to the telephone service and with a population of over 1000 inhabitants (according to the 2002 census). Municipalities without broadband access also fall within this definition. Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) General understanding is that rural areas are areas that are outside urban and peri-urban areas. Post and Electronic Communications Agency (APEK) (Slovenia) The level of development and availability of broadband networks in Slovenia varies by region. Remote, poorly developed and isolated areas in Slovenia, in which broadband networks are not developed due to marketconditions, are therefore treated differently from areas in which, despite a high density of users, higher purchasing power, overall economic development and infrastructure equipment, there are still many obstacles to the more diverse and faster development of broadband networks. Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) In the current context, policy-related issues are handled by operators which, pursuant to one of the clauses of their terms of reference, are required to establish themselves in rural or remote areas and provide broadband services. The new draft law on ICTs provides for the granting of a licence for universal service in rural or remote areas. Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) There is no formal definition of rural and remote areas in Mauritius as it is a very small country/island. There are 5 cities and approximately 135 villages. Any policy issues pertaining to Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband or any other sector applies to the whole country. Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) The rural areas of specifically name. So in the Bahamas that would generally be all islands except New Providence and Grand Bahama. 95 / :10-3/2 2 Is there any specific government policy on telecommunications/ICTs/broadband development in rural and remote areas? By level of development: No 7 27% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Yes No 80.00% 66.67% 60.00% Yes 19 73% 60.00% 40.00% 40.00% 33.33% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed Transition Developing Least countries countries countries developed countries *28 organizations from 26 countries replied to this question *replies merged when multiple organizations in same country replied. 3 If a government policy does exist, please specify which one: 60.00% 56.52% 50.00% 40.00% 39.13% 39.13% 30.00% 21.74% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Telecommunications in rural and remote areas ICTs in rural and remote areas Broadband in rural and remote areas Other 96 / :10-3/2 Telecommunications in rural and remote areas ICTs in rural and remote areas 75.00% 100.00% 100.00% 83.33% 100.00% Other 100.00% Broadband in rural and remote areas *23 organizations from 22 countries replied to this question *multiple replies possible: total 36 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in same country replied. 25.00% 50.00% 25.00% 18.18% 45.45% 45.45% 16.67% 0.00% 0.00% 16.67% 20.00% 16.67% 60.00% 40.00% 54.55% 80.00% Developed countries Transition countries Developing countries Least developed countries If “Other” was selected, please specify: Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) 97 The Government has mandated a 'Roll-out Condition" for provision of Telecommunication services in Rural areas . These apply only for wireless and not for wire-line. The conditions are : (i) Roll-out obligations shall apply for wireless network only and not for wireline network (ii) The Licensee shall ensure that metro service area of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkatta and Chennai are covered within one year of date of allocation of start up spectrum. (iii) In non-metro service areas, the licensee shall ensure that in first phase of roll out obligation at least 10% of District HQs where startup spectrum has been allocated are covered within one year of such spectrum. The date of allocation of frequency shall be considered for computing a final date of roll-out obligation. (iv) Further, in second phase II of rollout obligation, the licensee shall ensure that at least 50% of DHQs, where start up spectrum has been allocated are covered within three years of date of allocation of such spectrum in non metro service areas. For Broadband and ICT services the Government of India has launched a major OFC plan to connect 250,000 "panchayats" i.e. lowest government office with 6 villages in its vicinity by 2014 end. This is a $4 billion project funded by the Universal Service Obligation Fund There is no government policy specifically for people living in rural or remote areas. Priority Action Agenda 2006 - 2015, Implementation policy for Millennium Challenge Goal for Vanuatu, Telecommunications Policy Statement of Vanuatu Government 2007, Universal Access Policy for ten sites, UAP Broadband Pilot Project 4 sites 2011. / :10-3/2 Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of)) Post and Electronic Communications Agency (APEK) (Slovenia) Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan) Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) Two strategic approaches have been identified within the framework of the telecommunication/ICT policy: – Promotion of universal access to ICT services – Development of broadband infrastructures to provide the country with national, transnational and international coverage. According to the National Telecommunication Plan (Plan Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, PNT), the objectives for 2015 are: - Municipalities connected by optical fibre: 200 - Municipalities connected by broadband: 200 - Broadband penetration: 50% - Digital TV penetration: 50% Telecommunications Policy 2004 exits which is a broad policy covering telecommunications development in rural as well as urban areas. BROADBAND NETWORK DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA (2008) Television The established policies are designed to promote telecommunications in rural areas and places of preferential social interest. The policies are governed by the following legislation: - Law awarding the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) legal personality under public law, assigned to the Transport and Communications sector – Law No. 28900. - Guidelines for the development and strengthening of competition and expansion of telecommunication services in Peru – Supreme Decree No. 003-2007-MTC. - General Regulatory Framework for promotion of the development of public telecommunication services in rural areas and places of preferential social interest – Supreme Decree No. 024-2008-MTC. - Law for the Promotion of Broadband and Construction of the National Fibre Optic Backbone Network – Law No 29904. National broadband plan Universal Service Policy and Implementation Strategy National Broadband Policy 2012-2020 www.gov.mu/portal/goc/telecomit/file/NationalBroadband.pdf It is inclusive in the National Policy for the whole country Broadcasting policy focusing on transition from Analog to Digital 98 / :10-3/2 4 What are the major features of such a policy ? (Please make 2 or 3 proposals of these features) Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (Colombia) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) 99 The major features of this above and the recently announced NAtiona;l Telecom Policy (NTP) 2012 are:Tele-density: Increase in rural tele-density from 35% to 100% by 2020 Broadband: 175 million by 2015, Broadband on demand by 2015 and 600 million connections by 2020 National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN)High speed and high quality broadband access to all village panchayats through a combination of technologies by the year 2014. Download speed to be increased from 512 Kbps to 2Mbps Leveraging USO funds for faster expansion of broadband All telecommunications services in Andorra are universal, that is, the same service is provided with the same quality and price for the whole of the population. - BDUK management and allocation of £530 million for the 'final third' - The Mobile Infrastructure Project (MIP); - Superconnected Cities; - Rural Community Broadband Fund (DEFRA); The Broadband Task Force (November 2002) established with a remit to work on extending affordable broadband access especially in rural areas. The Task Force has developed the Broadband Aggregation Project, which aggregates public sector demand including in rural and remote areas. In May 2003, a new Rural Broadband Unit was created in the Department of Trade and Industry. Working with the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and Regional Development Agencies, their role will be to identify ways of accelerating the availability of broadband access in rural areas. Remote areas (remote villages and villages with mountainous terrain)are being interconnected over fixed wireless services provided by the MOT. In addition, such connections provide voice as well as Broadband data services. They are included in the national development plan and, in general, are contained in universal access goal frameworks, together with appropriation strategies. Improving access to telecommunications service for locations which are not or not adequately served by existing services at affordable prices to the consumers, PAA 2006-2015, Telecom Policy Statement new entrant with license obligation for 85% coverage after two years of operations (access to voice and data). UAP Ten sites for remote uneconomic locations, UAP Broadband Pilot Project to pilot the connect school, connect community initiative with a view to replicate the concept to other remote locations. – Implementation of a digital literacy programme through the creation of community centres providing such training to the public – Implementation of a “Connect a school, connect a community” programme – Project for the creation of an agency to manage the universal access fund. • The establishment of a special scheme to serve rural areas (Rural schemes 1, 2 and 3) • The provision of telecommunication services to all rural areas regardless of economic feasibility • Consideration given to making use of all available technical resources to serve rural areas. / :10-3/2 Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) CATR of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) (China) Post and Electronic Communications Agency (APEK) (Slovenia) AHCIET (Colombia) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Ministry of Communications and Informatization (Belarus) i. ii. Encourage private investment in infrastructure Subsidy by Conatel wherever required Improve the quality of services Telecommunications service shall be available at shouting distance Telecommunications service shall be made available to the consumers through shared telephone and other services pertaining to ICT through community centers iii. ICT services in rural areas will be made available through small service providers i.e. license fee and annual fees will be waived if the annual income is less than US$ 250,000 Universal telecommunication service The broadband network development strategy is therefore a document that defines in great detail the development of broadband networks within the framework of the RSvID strategy. The strategy reflects the movement of European Union's political guidelines, which emphasise the necessity for European states to catch up with more developed markets regarding the use of ICT. The general opinion is that the freeing up of the electronic communications services markets is of key importance in the attainment of the Lisbon objectives. The freeing of markets and competition in OECD countries have, for example, reduced prices, and the provision of new products and services has encouraged investment and demand for communications access and services, from which positive social effects and related new knowledge and skills of users have been identified. - Public – private collaboration in designing investment and service delivery. - Expanding public use of the Internet by developing the necessary infrastructure to meet the requirements for broadband Internet access and all the services derived from it, with the ultimate goal of eliminating the digital divide, stimulating user demand, and developing applications that apply the technology and develop content (setting up technocentres and training centres). Setting up e-government services and strengthening the ICT industry. - Developing a fibre optic network and allocating subsidies for fixed broadband consumption. Policies exist for the provision of universal access. They are implemented by the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) (Law awarding the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) legal personality under public law, assigned to the Transport and Communications sector – Law No. 28900). There is also a Rural Service Tariff System, applied to communications between users of the public telephone service in rural areas and places of preferential social interest (Resolution of the Governing Council of the Supervisory Authority for Private Investment in Telecommunications – OSIPTEL No. 022-99-CD/OSIPTEL). In addition, differentiated interconnection charge schemes have been introduced for rural areas (Consolidated Amended Text of Interconnection Regulations – Governing Council Resolution No. 134-2012-CD/OSIPTEL). Also under way is the procedure for regulating rural charge and tariff caps (Regulation of Tariff Caps and Interconnection Charges Applicable in the Provision of the Fixed Telephone Service in Rural Areas and Places of Preferential Social Interest – Resolution No. 024-2008-CD/OSIPTEL). Development of data transmission network infrastructure with a view to achieving maximum coverage of the country’s population in terms of broadband access, using new (including wireless) data transmission technologies; Modernization of existing fibre optic communications infrastructure using modern transmission systems. 100 / :10-3/2 Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações ANATEL (Brazil) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan) Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Latvia (Latvia) Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) 101 Bidings on public auctions for radiofrequency specify obligations towards offering telecommunications in rural and remote areas, like auction for frequencies 451MHz to 458MHz, that stablished that winners would have to: offer telecommunication services in rural and remote areas; offer broadband access, free of charge, to public rural schools in the service areas; interconnect at low prices with small telecommunications companies; and cover up a radius of 30km from the urban boundaries. Also PSTN incumbents must deploy public telephone booths near specific buildings like public schools, healthcare centers etc. Support from the government to local governments based on the state-funded privatized plan implementation integrated with introduction of public applications In 2012 Latvian Government approved a policy planning document "The broadband network development 2013-2020". Latvian National broadband plan meet the coverage, speed and take-up targets defined in the Digital Agenda for Europe. The Latvian population of regions will be ensured fast, high quality access to resources on the Internet. Targeted state aid in the field of broadband services can help to reduce the isolation of the country between areas, which offers a competitive broadband services at an affordable price, and the territories, that such services do not. In 2011 the European Commission approved State Aid scheme “Next Generation Network for rural area”, which foresees support to development and establishment of the infrastructure to provide wholesale broadband services in rural areas of Latvia, which are currently not served and where are no plans for development of next generation network in the near future– three year period. The scope of the aid scheme is to support next generation network (NGN) project, witch will ensure: - connection to NGN local governments (centre of municipality) and administrative entities (centres of rural territories, schools, hospitals, ambulances, libraries etc.); - possibility to get NGN service in 100% of Latvian rural territory. 1. providing voice services to unserved areas providing internet services with a minimum speed of 512 kbs to the public providing internet services with a minumum speed of 2 Mbs to government institution such as schools , health centres. police stations 1. By 2014, at least 60% of homes should have affordable access to actual download speeds of at least 10 Mbps and actual upload speeds of at least 5 Mbps; and by 2020, almost 100% of home should have affordable access to actual download of 100 Mbps. 2. By 2020, every public institution should have affordable access to at least 100 Mbps broadband service to anchor institutions such as schools, hospitals and government buildings. Operator network rollout plan is part of biding documents for Operator license contain plans on how the rural and remote area will be covered The rollout plan is part of license obligation Optic Network covering the whole country VSAT network for remote areas Universal Access Fund for subisidy of connectivity in rural and remote area Legal and regulatory framework for open competition and technological neutral Provision of fixed voice to populated areas in the islands, high speed data services and connectivity as well as basic dial-up internet. A six channel television service (two of the channels have to be Government's run station). / :10-3/2 ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) 5 NGAs (very high-speed broadband) in rural areas can contribute to equality of opportunity for all citizens, promoting info-inclusion and the development of human capital and contributing to the creation of externalities in rural development policy at the level of employment, growth, competitiveness and sustainability of the industries located in these areas. In order to ensure territorial cohesion and to uphold equality of opportunity, in 2009 the Government decided to launch five Public Tenders for the construction, installation, financing, operation and maintenance of NGA, with co-financing, with the aim of addressing possible market failures in 139 municipalities, divided into five regions (the Centre, Alentejo and Algarve, North, Madeira and the Azores). The municipalities covered in each of these areas are those without coaxial cable networks and without co-located operators and when all the parishes comprising the municipality are classified as rural by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). Promote the development of telecommunications infrastructure throughout the country and provide universal Internet access. Achieving social inclusion of vulnerable sections of society. Encourage ownership and benefits of ICT to the less favorecidos.ya children of school age. Telephone and Internet Program for towns without provision of basic telephone service. For areas with less than 250 inhabitants, the object is the provision of local telephone service, long distance and international and as optional internet access. For locations with more than 250 inhabitants, the object is the provision of local telephone service, long distance and international together with internet access. If no specific government policy on Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband exists, how are the issues of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas being handled? Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of)) Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) See question 4. Handled like any other area. There is a cellular network and coverage that is controlled and monitored by the company - and the government - similarly. In case of say, a complaint, it is reported to the Ministry of ICT or the Consumer Protection Agencies - or - the company itself and is handled as per the existing process and within the framework of the law. Where there is no specific government policy, Regulator in tasked with development of telecommunications services with consultation with the operators. Office of the ICT under the ministry is responsible for ICT to government agencies and schools and health centers. Competitive Market also drives expansion of telecommunications/ICT/Broadband into rural and remote areas of Vanuatu. The National Telecommunication Plan (Plan Nacional de Telecomunicaciones, PNT) is the policy implemented by Conatel, as government regulator. Using the provisions available in a. Telecommunications Act, 1997 b. Telecommunications Regulation, 1998 c. Telecommunications Policy, 2004 d. RTDF Disbursement bylaw Swaziland is currently using the Universal Service Obligation draft policy to service the rural underserviced remote areas. 102 / :10-3/2 Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) Office of the President, Department of Information Communication Technology (Seychelles) Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) 6 In line with the obligations stipulated in their terms of reference, operators seek to introduce appropriate solutions in the rural or remote areas in which they are established. National ICT Policy 2007 TRA imposed certain license obligations in the telecom service providers to cover some remote areas with set of telecom services which was very helpful The same policy applies to the whole country. Is this a part of the national telecommunication/ICTs/broadband policy? 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 80.00% 80.00% No 5 19% 71.43% 60.00% 40.00% Yes 21 81% 28.57% 20.00% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries 0.00% Transition countries Developing countries Least developed countries * 27 organizations from 26 countries replied to this question * Replies merged when multiple organizations in same country replied. 7 If it is part of the national telecommunication/ICT/Broadband policy, what provisions are made in the broad policy framework? Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) 103 Key Highlights of the Policy Infrastructure status to the telecom sector ‘One nation-one license’ Inclusive growth by focusing on rural market License issuance de-linked from spectrum allocation Future spectrum allocations at market valuations Trading, sharing and pooling of spectrum to be permitted ‘Right to Broadband’ Focus on indigenization of telecom equipment products and equipment Convergence of voice, data, video, Internet, multimedia, broadcasting and value added services / :10-3/2 Spectrum: 500 MHz to be made available of which 300 MHz of spectrum to be made available for IMT services by 2017 Another 200 MHz of spectrum to be made available by 2020 Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) All telecommunications services in Andorra are universal, that is, the same service is provided with the same quality and price for the whole of the population. Four rural areas that include some of the most remote and geographically challenging parts of the UK were selected in 2010 to pilot the next generation of high speed broadband. Each area is allocated around £5-10m from a total of £530m funding to support the roll-out of broadband until 2015 to areas that the market alone will not reach. Parts of Cumbria, the Highlands and Islands, North Yorkshire and the Golden Valley in Herefordshire will all be connected at speeds only usually found in densely populated urban areas. Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (Colombia) In Colombia, national ICT policy is embodied in the Plan Vive Digital, integrated by the various dimensions of the digital ecosystem, that is: users, infrastructure, services and applications, and where each of these components has had its own goals and objectives developed. Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Broad Policy Framework is set out in PAA 2006 - 2015 in line with MDG for Vanuatu, specific provision for establishment of liberalised telecommunications market was set out in the 2007 Telecommunications Statement of Vanuatu Government, outlining the regulatory framework, developed into the unilateral Telecom Licences and new telecommunications and radiocommunications legislation in 2009. UAP Policy in 2010 sets out remote telecommunications infrastructure for 10 sites. Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) The President of the Republic of Niger’s programme of recognition includes the Plan for Economic and Social Development (PDES 2012-2015). Within this subsector, the PDES will focus on the development of information and communication technologies capable of satisfying the modernization requirements of the economic sectors. This will entail consolidating the achievements made to date while at the same time developing new, innovative programmes and projects to build up the information society, through: (i) the establishment of an enabling legal and institutional environment in the telecom/ICT sphere; (ii) the creation of a technology and infrastructure environment conducive to telecom/ICT development; (iii) support for the implementation of sectoral ICT strategies; (iv) the pursuit of communication, training, research and capacity-building activities in the ICT sphere; (v) the promotion of access to modern postal services throughout the country. Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) A universal service fund was created pursuant to the 2010 telecommunication law. Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) A National Broadband Plan does not yet exist. The PNT is the current framework. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) Provisions in broad sense for rural development: a. Telecommunications Act, 1997 has the provisions that the operators have to invest 15% of their annual investment in rural areas. b. Telecommunications Regulation, 1998 has mandated the regulator to collect 2% of AGR from service provider as contribution to the RTDF (USO) fund c. Telecommunication Policy has the provisions: i. Telecommunications service shall be available at shouting distance ii. Telecommunications service shall be made available to the consumers through shared telephone and other services pertaining to ICT through community centers 104 / :10-3/2 iii. ICT services in rural areas will be made available through small service providers i.e. license fee and annual fees will be waived if the annual income is less than US$ 250,000 d. District optical fiber network (DOFN) project document has been developed and has been expected to utilizing the RTDF fund CATR of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) (China) e. In technical collaboration with the ITU, NTA has developed "Wireless Broadband Master Plan" which has provisions for rural development f. The Draft Broadband Policy has also been developed which also focuses on rural telecommunications development . Universal telecommunication service Post and Electronic Communications Agency (APEK) (Slovenia) Broadband Network Development Strategy in RS is a document intended for economy, civil society, state and public administration bodies of RS, or any participants in the field of electronic communications who are or will actively participate in the transition to a developed and advanced information society. The strategy represents an improvement and upgrade of the document Broadband network development strategy in the Republic of Slovenia adopted by the Slovenian Government in 2004. AHCIET (Colombia) - Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Deployment of a fibre optic network and allocation of subsidies for fixed broadband consumption. - Ensure that 50 per cent of households and SMEs have Internet connection. - Quadruple the current number of Internet connections. - Triple the number of municipalities with fibre optic Internet connection. - By 2014, ensure that 50 per cent of households have a connection capacity of at least 1 Mbps. Guarantee that all towns of more than 100 inhabitants have at least one communal Internet access point. - Increase the total number of connections from 2.2 million to 8.8 million by 2014, and increase the current number of local authorities connected from 300 to 700. - Ensure that 50 per cent of households are connected (25 per cent currently). Regulations applicable nationwide are established by both OSIPTEL and the Ministry of Transport and Communications. The former is responsible for regulating and supervising the public telecommunication services market, the former for putting forward policies to promote the development of communication services and universal access to them. Ministry of Communications and Informatization (Belarus) The National Programme for accelerated development of ICT services for 2011–2015 was adopted by Council of Ministers Order No. 384 of 28 March 2011. Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações ANATEL (Brazil) The National Broadband Plan, created by Decret 175/2010, defines the Ministry of Communications, a public company (Telebrás) and the regulation agency (Anatel) as responsibles for the plan. Also, the incumbents signed treaties to fund certain aspects of the Plan, like offering broadband access at low prices. Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan) Approvals of preparation plans, grants, guarantees for debts. Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Latvia (Latvia) In 2012 Latvian Government approved a policy planning document „The broadband network development 2013-2020”. In January 2012 was adopted the Government’s Regulation on the implementation of the EU funded broadband development project „Next Generation Network for rural area”. In 2012 was approved „Latvian national development plan in 2014 to 2020 (NAP2020)”. 105 / :10-3/2 Office of the President, Department of Information Communication Technology (Seychelles) Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) - Promote and encourage the existence of a countrywide reliable and efficient ICT infrastructure which shall have sufficient capacity and network speeds, provide improved connectivity, be cost-effective and adaptive to the needs of the country. - Promote widespread accessibility to ICT services. - Promote and encourage deployment and maintenance of networks that are interoperable on a national basis. Broadband policy currently under development In Portugal, a Resolution of the Council of Ministers of July 2008 determined that the investment on next generation access networks should be deemed as one of the strategic priorities for the Country as far as the electronic communications sector is concerned. The Government took the responsibility to evaluate the measures that could be adopted in order to foster the development of next generation networks, namely in geographical areas with low broadband penetration, as well as to modernize network infrastructure. Accordingly, and considering NGA as a generator of economic opportunities, training and development, the Portuguese government launched in 2009 the above mentioned five Public Tenders for the installation and operation of "HighSpeed Networks in Rural Areas", covering 139 municipalities, which are currently being deployed and open for service during 2013. Currently, the Digital Agenda for Portugal, published in Diário da República (Official Journal) on 31 December (Resolution of the Council of Ministers no. 112/2012), aims to stimulate the digital economy and the information, communications and electronics technologies sector, through the use and development of tradable and competitive goods and services for international markets. Portugal's (new) National Agenda envisages strong involvement by civil society and by the private sector, especially in the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector, entailing the launch of a raft of initial measures to be implemented by 2016, in the following six action areas: • broadband access and access to the digital market; • investment in research and development (R&D) and innovation; • improving digital literacy, inclusion and qualification; • combating tax and contributory fraud and evasion; • addressing societal challenges; • entrepreneurship and internationalization of the ICT sector. The Digital Agenda for Portugal sets out the following objectives: • promote the development of broadband infrastructure so that citizens have access to broadband speeds of 30 Mbps or more, by 2020; • promote the development of broadband infrastructure so that 50 per cent of households have access to broadband Internet with speeds of 100 Mbps or more, by 2020; • create conditions enabling an increase of 50 percent, compared to 2011, in the number of businesses using e-commerce in Portugal by 2016; • promote the use of online public services, so that they are used by 50 percent of the population, by 2016; • create conditions enabling a 20 percent increase in ICT exports, in accumulated terms, by 2016, over 2011; • promote the use of new technologies, so that the number of people who have never used the internet can be reduced by 30 percent, by 2016. The provisions in the policy framework provide for it under the Universal Service Obligations. 106 / :10-3/2 Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) 107 Argentina Connected is a comprehensive five-year plan defining infrastructure and telecommunications services for the entire country. The aim is to achieve the deployment of national infrastructure to ensure access to ICT to the population and, through investment in its development, obtain a reduction in service costs. This National Plan seeks to expand broadband connectivity through the development of a national fiber optic network and thereby reduce the digital divide between citizens and the different areas of the country. The goal is to reach the year 2015 with 10 million connected households. The strategic axes defined in the policy are: Digital Inclusion: which aims to ensure the benefits of new technologies to all Argentines equal, enshrining the right of access to information, through greater connectivity and full convergence of networks and services. Optimizing the Use of Radio Spectrum: since it is an essential and finite resource to achieve the functionality of the telecommunications sector. It is also planning priority derivative of the digital dividend spectrum, caused by the adoption of a standard for digital television. Universal Service Development: is intended that the services and programs defined by the National reach citizens regardless of their geographical location and their social and economic conditions, promoting their development through existing funds in the Universal Service. National Production and Employment Generation Telecommunications Sector: it seeks to promote the growth of the sector, and to promote strategic alliances between public and private sector that results in new jobs, higher grade, either in the preparation of the necessary equipment for the deployment of infrastructure and related items. Training and Research in Communications Technology: With the deployment of the services shall worked in parallel on an academic who is at the height of technological change and generate new professionals and researchers trained to accompany and contribute in the process. Infrastructure and Connectivity: to achieve the planned infrastructure development is necessary to coordinate the existing connectivity plans with the needs of the villages still have no connection, to focus on the deployment of the network effectively and efficiently. Enhance Competition: With the development of fiber optic network intended that municipal / provincial advocate to the provision of last mile which will result in a greater number of service providers, either through telephone cooperatives , small businesses and new entrants. / :10-3/2 8 If it is not part of the national Telecommunication/ICT/Broadband policy, is there any project in the future for it to become part of it? 100.00% 100.00% Yes 1 25% 80.00% 66.67% 60.00% 40.00% No 3 75% 33.33% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries Transition Developing Least countries countries developed countries * This question was only relevant if the answer was ‘no’ to question 6. * 4 organizations from 4 countries replied to this question Please specify in either case: Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) It is expected to be part of the policy that will be issued by the MOT, in addition the TRA has the responsibility to implement universal service and ensure service to remote and rural areas. If there is, then i am not aware of. All i know is that the Ministry of ICT follows the evolution of the cellular network and ensures that the required KPI like call drop rate or call block rate or other indicators are met. Connect Schools, Connect Community initiative is being piloted, lessons learn and concept could be rollout into other remote areas, improving broadband access to schools and community through use of community telecenters in the remote areas. ICT development in remote or rural areas is an integral part of the national policy on universal access. It is expected that, in the near future, a National Broadband Plan will be implemented, which will cover government and society. Swaziland has an approved National Information & Communications Infrastructure Policy which is not specifically for rural remote areas, however, it does alude to universal access. It is planned to elaborate a national policy on broadband in rural or remote areas. 108 / :10-3/2 9 Is the Telecommunications/ICT/Broadband in rural and remote areas considered a universal service/access obligation? By development level No 7 26% Yes 20 74% 10 Developed countries 50% Transition countries 100% Developing countries 73.33% Least developed countries 100% * 28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question * Replies merged when multiple organizations in same country replied. How is that obligation defined? Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) All telecom operators give 5% of their Annual Gross Revenue as their contribution to the USO Fund. The Government , through the USoFund administrator brings out schemes for extending telecom and ICT services to the rural areas. Currently the following schemes are under execution in India. Stream-1: Provision of Public Access Service: Stream-II: Provision of Household Telephones in Rural and Remote Areas as may be Determined by the Central Government from Time to Time: Stream-III: Creation of Infrastructure for provision of Mobile Services in Rural and Remote Areas. The assets constituting the infrastructure for provision of mobile services shall be determined by the Central Government from time to time (Mobile Infrastructure (Phase-I)). Stream-IV: Provision of Broadband Connectivity to rural & remote areas in a phased manner (Wire Line Broadband, Rural Public Service Terminals (RPST)). Stream-V: Creation of General Infrastructure in Rural and Remote Areas for Development of Telecommunication facilities. The items of general infrastructure to be taken up for development shall be determined by the Central Government from time to time (Optical Fiber Cable(OFC) for Assam). Stream-VI: Induction of new technological developments in the telecom sector in Rural and Remote Areas: Pilot projects to establish new technological developments in the telecom sector, which can be deployed in the Rural and Remote Areas, may be supported with the approval of the Central Government (Solar Mobile Charging Facility(SMCF)). In addition there are two Special Schemes as below:- Gender based Schemes In recognition of the requirements of Gender Responsive Budgeting, preferential allocation of broadband connections to women’s SHGs has been incorporated in the USOF Wire Line Broadband Scheme. Further, a special scheme for provisions of broadband enabled Rural Public Service Terminals to SHGs has been incorporated in the Fund’s activities. These terminals will enable SHGs to provide banking, financial services and other broadband enabled Value Added Services (VAS) to the rural population. 109 / :10-3/2 - Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaci (Colombia) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) Sanchar Shakti In addition, USOF intends to initiate a series of pilots aimed at empowerment of women through mobile VAS and ICT related skills. The focus of activity shall be women’s SHGs. Seven projects have been accepted by competent authority for signing of MoU for Proof of Concept. 2. ICT for Persons With Disabilities (PwD). This is under finalisation. Objectives of the Scheme 2.1 Primary objective of the scheme is to provide PwDs in rural India with meaningful access to telecommunications facilities and through telecommunications facilities enable them to access public services, information, educational and employment opportunities thereby helping them to achieve self-reliance and facilitate their inclusion in mainstream society. 2.2 The scheme, via pilot projects, seeks to effectively demonstrate and highlight the utility and benefits of AT enabled ICTs to PwDs and their families in rural India and to institutions/organizations dealing with PwDs and to service providers, equipment manufacturers and content providers etc. The scheme seeks to encourage service providers and other stakeholders to take up such initiatives on a larger scale in order to address the needs of PwDs. All telecommunications services in Andorra are universal, that is, the same service is provided with the same quality and price for the whole of the population. It is currently only defined as a "commitment" by Ofcom. Both BT and KCom are subject to a Universal Service Obligation which requires them to provide a telephone line to any household that requests one, subject to a ‘reasonable cost’ limit (currently set at £3400 by BT). As a result the vast majority of consumers are able to get a fixed telephone line if they wish. The Universal Service Obligation requires that a telephone line must support “functional internet access”. However, the directive was written before broadband was prevalent and, in the UK, the obligations currently only extend to the provision of a line that is capable of supporting dial-up modem connections of 28kbit/s. Just recently this Universal Service has surfaced. I am aware that there are very remote areas in central Sinai that may finally benefit from this fund. In Colombia, the law gives priority to access goals instead of services and these are defined by the provision of coverage or services in areas outside the market. The obligation is defined with the Telecommunications licenses and Telecommunications and Radio-communications Act, as improving access to telecommunications service for locations which are not or not adequately served by existing services. These are developed by the Government in consultation the operators. Regulator performs the administration functions of implementing and monitoring the obligations on behalf of the Government. It is an obligation that enables the State to ensure ICT connectivity in remote areas deemed to be unprofitable. Obligations: a. Telecommunications Act, 1997 has the provisions that the operators have to invest 15% of their annual investment in rural areas. b. Telecommunications service shall be made available at shouting distance (at least two telephone lines/public call office in a VDC) 110 / :10-3/2 CATR of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) (China) Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) AHCIET (Colombia) Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Ministry of Communications and Informatization (Belarus) Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações ANATEL (Brazil) Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan) Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Latvia (Latvia) 111 A telecommunication service provider shall fulfill its universal telecommunication service obligations in accordance with various national regulations. The agency responsible for information industry under the State Council may determine specific universal telecommunication service obligations for each telecommunication service provider by means of designation or public bidding. Universal Service Obligation belongs to the policy maker. This is only defined in the New ICT Bill which is being debated in Parliament. - By a combination of investments to implement the plan, combining public and private funding to develop broadband. - Planned investment in the creation of technocentres to improve connectivity of local authorities and improve terminals. - Provision of subsidies for broadband consumption by the general public. In the draft law, it is considered an obligation in the same way as universal service and universal access. The overreaching goal is set out in the policy and then more define requirements are set out in the legislation. (Based on the Law awarding the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) legal personality under public law, assigned to the Transport and Communications sector – Law No. 28900 and Article 7 of Supreme Decree No. 024-2008-MTC approving the General Regulatory Framework for promotion of the development of public telecommunication services in rural areas and places of preferential social interest). Universal Access has been defined in Peru as access within the national territory to a set of basic telecommunication services with the capacity to transmit voice and data, such as fixed telephony, mobile services, long distance, local carrier, Internet, as well as the use of broadband to provide such services. The handling of free calls to emergency services is also considered to be a basic public telecommunication service. Universal access also includes training in the use of information and communication technologies (based on Article 7 of Supreme Decree No. 024-2008-MTC approving the General Regulatory Framework for promotion of the development of public telecommunication services in rural areas and places of preferential social interest). Council of Ministers Order No. 889 of 15 July 2006 concerning universal services. Act 9.472/1997 defines that universal service obligations are stablished by Anatel for services in the public regime. The obligation is defined by the Universalization Golas General Plan (PGMU) for the PSTN communications, that was recently revised and updated by Act 7.512, of 30 of June of 2011. These goals are periodically revised. It is defined under the Information and Communication Technologies (Universal Service Fund) Regulations 2008 under section 21 and 48 of the ICT Act 2001 (as amended) and the contract between designated USPs (Universal Service Providers)and the regulator. The obligation of NTT East and NTT West under the law to provide telephones (basic fee), fibre IP phones corresponding to telephones, public telephones of category one (public telephones installed based on the MIC criteria), or emargency numbers (No.110, No.118, No. 119), which are essential communications service for the people's daily lives, universally in Japan. Universal Telecommunication service/access obligation is defined in accordance with the Regulator (Public Utilities Commission) provisions. / :10-3/2 Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) 11 In the course to achieve the economic and social objectives of the telecommunications sector and after presentation for the council of ministers, shall decide the following: 1. to expand the telecommmunications services and networks in defined areas according to geographical location or number of inhabitants and to establish public telecommunications centers including payphones in these areas 2. to specify the basic public telecommunications services which the licensee is obliged to provide to any requesting beneficiary at a reasonable price as decided by the Authority in the service area. 3. to provide maritime telecommunications services 4. to provide telecommunications services to persons with special needs Operator have rollout plan include in license obligations provided to operators Universal Access for subzidising connectivity to make it affordable to rural and remote area. There is a USO generic obligation – although not specifically to rural and remote areas but to all the country – to provide telecommunication services (telephony and narrowband internet services), according with the Directive 2002/22/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks and services (Universal Service Directive). Decree 558/2008 establishes SECTION 2. - UNIVERSAL SERVICE. The set of services and programs, time-varying, defined by the national, aimed at the general population with a certain quality at affordable prices, which it must have access, regardless of their geographical location and conditions social, economic and related to physical disabilities. To do the ratings of the services and programs, the enforcement authority may consider the totality of telecommunications services, regardless technologies. The Enforcement Authority may modify, adapt and integrate services and programs, according to the needs of the population required. Without prejudice to the services and programs that define the implementing authority under the present rules, Basic Telephone Service Licensees (LSB) are required to expand the fixed telephone network within sixty (60) months, the total geographical area of their respective regions, as of the effective date hereof. The Enforcement Authority shall determine in each case whether the LSB will be compensated with funds from the Universal Service Trust Fund. Is there a provision of Universal Service Fund or similar type of fund for the development of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas? Percentage of countries by level of development where such a provision exists: No 10 37% Yes 17 63% Developed countries 40% Transition countries 100% Developing countries 62.5% Least developed countries 80% * 28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question * Replies merged when multiple organizations in same country replied. 112 / :10-3/2 12 If such a provision exists, how are the funds collected? As committed by the service providder during licensing process 0 0% Other scheme 10 53% As a % of annual Gross Revenue 9 47% As a fixed amount every year from the operators providing telecom services, etc. 0 0% * 19 organizations from 18 countries replied to this question If “Other scheme” was selected, please specify: ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) AHCIET (Colombia) Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) Ministry of Communications and Informatization (Belarus) Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) 113 Combination of government spending, european regional development fund and ISP contributions, including some derived from the licensing fees perceived by the BBC. As a % of Annual Net Revenue in the basis of the estimate cost of the UA Project. Not yet determined. Combination of public investment by the State, via funds similar to those intended for universal service, and investment by private operators, an example of public-private financing. 2% of pre-tax turnover. A universal services reserve is funded by compulsory contributions from telecommunication operators to the tune of 1 per cent of telecommunication service revenues. the government intend to establish a new company "Oman Broadband company " to provide BB to all areas ,including the remote areas An application has to be made for reimbursement and then it is collected from operators. The scheme is still being developed. / :10-3/2 Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) (Based on the Law awarding the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) legal personality under public law, assigned to the Transport and Communications sector – Law No. 28900, Consolidated Amended Text of the Telecommunications Law (approved by Supreme Decree No. 013-93-TCC of 6 May 1993 and Law for the Promotion of Broadband and Construction of the National Fibre Optic Backbone Network – Law No. 29904.) The Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) has been set up for the provision of universal access to telecommunications. It was established by the Consolidated Amended Text of the Telecommunications Law. FITEL has the following resources: 1 One per cent (1%) of the income invoiced and collected by carrier service operators in general, public end services, public end services in the public cable broadcasting distribution service and the public value-added service (Internet access), as referred to by Article 12 of the Consolidated Amended Text of the Telecommunications Law, approved by Supreme Decree No. 013-93-TCC. 2 A percentage of the fee collected for use of the radio frequency spectrum for public telecommunication services (this percentage shall in no case be less than 20 per cent of such collection), as referred to by Article 60 of the Consolidated Amended Text of the Telecommunications Law, approved by Supreme Decree No. 013-93-TCC, with the percentage being set by supreme decree. 3 The resources transferred by the public treasury. 4 The financial income generated by the FITEL resources. 5 The contributions, allocations, donations or transfers made by whatever token, from national or foreign natural or legal persons. 6 Other forms established by supreme decree. 7 Resources from counterfactual sources obtained by the State pursuant to the terms and conditions agreed to in the public telecommunication services licensing contracts. These resources are distinct from those deriving from the concepts foreseen in the General Telecommunications Law, and shall be used solely to finance the telecommunication transport networks. (Based on Article 13 of the Regulations of Law No. 28900, awarding the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL) legal personality under public law, and the Additional Final Provisions of Law No. 29904 – Law for the Promotion of Broadband and Construction of the National Fibre Optic Backbone Network.) As per Regulation 3 of GN 206 of 2008 (amended by GN 207 of 2010) (a) For the purposes of section 21(2) of the Act, the annual contribution payable by a public operator into the Fund shall be paid in monthly instalments. (b) Every monthly instalment payable under paragraph (a) shall consist of (i) 5 per cent of the gross revenue which the public operator generates from the provision of international roaming service for that month: (ii) 0.025 US Dollar on every minute of international calls which the public operator terminates in Mauritius that month, and shall be paid no later than 60 days after the end of that month. The telecom service providers in the country, must provide one percent (1%) of all revenue earned from the provision of telecommunications services, net of taxes and duties levied. 114 / :10-3/2 13 Who is responsible for the disbursement in question 12? 50.00% 45.00% 40.00% 35.00% 30.00% 20.00% 20.00% 10.00% Developed countries Transition countries 80.00% 0.00% Least developed countries *21 organizations from 20 countries replied to this question *Multiple replies possible: total 22 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 115 Other provision The government ministry 20.00% 18.18% Developing countries 0.00% 0.00% A separate body established for this purpose The telecom regulator 0.00% 20.00% 0.00% 40.00% 0.00% 60.00% 33.33% 80.00% 54.55% 36.36% 66.67% 100.00% The telecom regulator 100.00% The government ministry 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 5.00% A separate body established for this purpose Other provision / :10-3/2 If “Other provision” was selected, please specify: Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) The government allocates the funds to local councils, who are helped by various devolved administrations, to manage bids and spend the funds. The universal service fund will be created by presidential decree in which all details (funding, costs / payment management, etc.) will be specified. FITEL’s budget comes under the portfolio of the Ministry of Transport and Communications, in the Transport and Communications sector (based on Ministerial Resolution No. 879-2011-MTC/01). The investment contributions are administered through the Universal Service Trust, whose trustee is chosen by a selection process that ensures the audience, to the satisfaction of the Ministry of Communications. Who is responsible for managing those funds? Developed countries Transition countries 0.00% 40.00% Developing countries 0.00% 18.18% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 20.00% 9.09% 36.36% 33.33% 33.33% 40.00% 33.33% 60.00% 45.45% 80.00% 60.00% 100.00% 100.00% 33.33% 14 Servei de Telecomunicacions d’Andorra Least developed countries 116 / :10-3/2 By level of development: 45.00% 40.91% 40.00% 35.00% 30.00% 25.00% 27.27% 22.73% 20.00% 15.00% 9.09% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% The government ministry The telecom regulator A separate body established for this purpose Other provision *21 organizations from 20 countries replied to this question *Multiple replies possible: total 23 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) 117 Broadband Delivery UK (BDUK), a unit within DCMS, is responsible for managing the Government’s broadband funding. Individual projects are the responsibility of local authorities and the Devolved Administrations, as set out in BDUK’s delivery model. Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra Article 8 of Law No. 28900 provides that FITEL is administered by a directorate chaired by the Minister of Transport and Communications and which includes the Minister of the Economy and Finances and the Chairman of the Governing Council of the Supervisory Authority for Private Investment in Telecommunications – OSIPTEL. Moreover, pursuant to Article 7 of the Administrative and Operational Regulations of the Telecommunications Investment Fund (FITEL), FITEL’s Governing Council is responsible for establishing FITEL’s general policy and administrative policy. There is a Technical Committee composed of seven members: a) two appointed by the Minister of Communications. b) one, the National Communications Commission. c) three, by providers (two appointed by the Licensees and the third by the other providers, excluding independent operators) and one Independent Operators. Its main function is to receive from the Enforcement Authority's payroll and issued programs or services on technical, economic and financing of them, the latter, according to the financial capacity of the Trust Fund. / :10-3/2 15 What kind of economic model is being employed for the development of Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas? By level of development: 100% 100% 9 33% 12 45% 80% 40% 6 22% 0 0% 60% 60% 20% 0% 50% 47% 33% 40% 27% 27% 17% 0% Developed countries Free market Capital subsidy provided for existing operator Capital and ongoing subsidy for existing operator 0% 0% 0% Transition countries 0% Developing countries 0%0% Least developed countries *27 organizations from 26 countries replied to this question If “other” was selected, please specify: ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) Free market underpinned by capital subsidy for local councils Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) See 4 Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) Not currently in existence. Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) To date the govt has not set a specific project, but free market is taking effect, rolling out up to 90% voice and data access. Data access is at 90% for GPRS, Edge Access, Broadband, 3G, Wifi, and wimax provides for 20%. Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Biddings take place in order to subsidize the expansion of the infrastructure. The bidders are existing operators concerned by the infrastructure to be subsidized. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) We are following all the above mentioned options: Free market, capital subsidy provided for existing operator, capital and ongoing subsidy for existing operator 118 / :10-3/2 AHCIET (Colombia) Public-private combination. The operator and MINTIC contribute to the ICT programme. In specific terms, the State through the Ministry of Technology has made an initial investment of 228 million dollars and private operators have invested 439 million. Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) There is one model according to which the operator brings the service to rural areas or places of preferential social interest as part of certain obligations stipulated in the operator’s licensing contract; and there is another model involving the subsidization of telecommunication projects in rural areas or places of preferential social interest. In this second model, FITEL is responsible for managing such projects, and finances the capital and/or operating costs. Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações ANATEL (Brazil) Universalization Goals General Plan (PGMU) defines obligations for rural and remote areas. Also, auctions for radiofrequency are establishing obligations as well for anyone who wins the auctions. Capital subsidy provided for existing operators are also used, since auction prices are defined considering the cost of the obligation. Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Latvia (Latvia) State aid programme for private operator Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) Free market and open competition among operators to deliver services all over the country. Subsidy to Operator using Universal Access Fund for connectivity and coverage in remote and rural area. Government Optic fiber network backbone covering the whole country for broadband services ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Within the scope of the national Strategic Reference Framework (QREN), public investments made on high throughput broadband infrastructure in areas where market agents do not find the needed operating conditions to offer these services, namely concerning demographic density, might be eligible for support. The above mentioned five projects for the construction, installation, financing, operation and maintenance of NGA in rural areas are co-financed – the tenderers submitting winning bids were DSTelecom (Alentejo and Algarve Zone and North Zone) and Viatel (in the Central zone and in the areas of the autonomous regions), whereas the signing of the contracts was subject to approval by the European Commission (and according with the European Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) Operator has to provide the service and then request reimbursement for the unavoidable costs. Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) The projects are funded by the Universal Service Fund. The deployment of fiber optic (Fibre Federal Network) is funded by state ARSAT SA 119 / :10-3/2 16 What kind of business model is being developed? 5 18% 11 41% 4 15% Government owned incumbent operator mandated to provide the service Public-private partnership model (Private operators with capital subsidy) Private operators with no subsidy but with other regulatory incentives Multi-stakeholders parnership model Other model 6 22% 1 4% Developed countries Transition countries 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% 20.00% 13.33% 13.33% 13.33% 20.00% 0.00% 40.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 33.33% 16.67% 16.67% 33.33% 60.00% 20.00% 53.33% 80.00% 60.00% 60.00% 100.00% 100.00% Developing countriesLeast developed countries * 28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question * Replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 120 / :10-3/2 If “other model” was selected, please specify: Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) The different schemes as listed above in the 6 Streams have different models. Some have Capex subsidy mostly to the Government owned Public Sector undertaking BSNL. For the scheme for rural telephones it is a combination of CAPEX+OPEX for PSU and Private service providers. In the recent case of the OFC for panchayats, the Government has floated a new company by the name of " Bharat Broadband Network Limited - BBNL" . This has funding from the USO Fund and partnership with the government owned public undertakings - BSNL, RailTel, Powergrid Corporation of India. These companies will pool in existing resources of OFC and will lay "incremental OFC" to areas where new OFC is required for extension till the panchayat office. The Bandwidth will be provided on open access to seekers. Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) The Operator (which is government-owned) provides the service. Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Conatel provides the subsidy, but the infrastructure remains the property of the operator who has been awarded the contract. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) We are adopting all of the above business models depending on the case: (1) Government owned incumbent operator mandated to provide the service (2) Public-Private Partnership model (Private operators with capital subsidy) (3) Private Operators with no subsidy but with other regulatory incentives (4) Multi-stakeholders partnership model Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) On one hand there is the case of companies operating in rural areas or places of preferential social interest without government subsidies; and on the other, the Public Private Partnership model, wherein the State finances the projects or part thereof, with project execution by private players. Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações ANATEL (Brazil) Both the Government owned incumbent operator mandated to provide the service and private operators with some subsidy are used. Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Latvia (Latvia) Government owned infrastructure operator with EU funds support. Office of the President, Department of Information Communication Technology (Seychelles) Cost-Based basis Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) Government BB Company will be providing the passive infrastructure for the telecom operators in the remote areas Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) Government owned incumbent operator as well as a monopoly public company required to provide services. Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) The state company has ownership ARSAT network. 121 / :10-3/2 How is major backbone infrastructure being developed in rural and remote areas? 70.00% 59.26% 60.00% 37.04% 30.00% 33.33% 22.22% Through the USO fund Government's special budget 0.00% 3.70% 7.41% 3.70% Other scheme 10.00% Operators are sharing their backbone networks 20.00% Any other source for funding 40.00% Any other sources such as donor agencies' assistance 50.00% Operators are building their own backgbone network in isolation 17 *28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question *Multiple replies possible: total 45 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. If “any other source” for funding was selected, please elaborate: Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) The Operator has deployed the network. Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan) Guarantee for a debt ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Government and EU funds. See answer to Q.15. Note: The incumbent operator (currently, a private operator) has developed its own national backbone, also in rural and remote areas (areas where it is the only backbone infra-structure in place). If “other scheme” was selected, please specify: Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) There is no national broadband network being funded. Each operator is responsible for building the network out of its funds. 122 / :10-3/2 18 Do you have any specific policy, legal and/or regulatory framework for infrastructure sharing, especially in the rural and remote areas, for example optical fiber cable and BTS/Microwave towers and the related support infrastructures? By level of development: 100.00% 100.00% 80.00% 80.00% No 12 44% 60.00% Yes 15 56% 50.00% 50.00% 53.33% 46.67% 40.00% 20.00% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries Transition countries Developing countries Least developed countries *28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 19 If such a framework exists, who issues such instruments? 90.00% 77.78% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 33.33% 20.00% 11.11% 10.00% 0.00% 123 Government Regulator Other competent authority / :10-3/2 100.00% 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 88.89% 80.00% 75.00% 50.00% 40.00% 20.00% 22.22% 0.00% Developed countries 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 11.11% Transition countries Developing countries Government Regulator Other competent authority Least developed countries *19 organizations from 18 countries replied to this question *multiple replies possible: total 22 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. If “Other competent authority” was selected, please specify: ABI Research (United States) (United Kingdom) Due to Ofcom’s findings that they have significant market power, BT and KCom have regulatory obligations to provide access to their networks and to provide certain wholesale services to third party CPs. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) Recently a 13 member special committee has been established for this. Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) Parliament Act No. 11 of 1983, as amended ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Although there is no specific policy for rural and remote areas, the Portuguese Government published in 2009 new legislation on access to passive infrastructure either at the horizontal and vertical levels, that is, access to all ducts and associated infrastructure (from all entities, namely utilities) and also imposing symmetric regulation on the installation and access to in-house wiring (namely fibre). The approval of the Law no. 32/2009, of 9 July, authorized the Government to legislate on the regime of open access (by any operator) to infrastructures suitable for the accommodation of electronic communications networks and to lay down the regime of challenge to measures taken by ICP-ANACOM in the scope of the regime governing the construction, access to and set up of electronic communications networks and infrastructures countrywide. The Decree-Law nr. 123/2009, of 21 May, sets out the general principles, namely the principles of competition, open access, non-discrimination, effectiveness and transparency, concerning the promotion of the construction, set up and access to infrastructures suitable for the accommodation of electronic communications networks – in a technological neutral approach – in property owned by private entities and public bodies across the country and including all areas, namely rural and/or remote. There are also specific sharing/access obligations imposed on the former incumbent operator (e.g., to ducts and poles). 124 / :10-3/2 20 Are there any instances of infrastructure sharing even in the absence of such instruments mentioned in Question 10-3/2? 100.00% No 6 27% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 80.00% 60.00% 53.85% 46.15% 40.00% Yes 16 73% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries 0.00% Transition countries 0.00% Developing countries Least developed countries *22 organizations from 22 countries replied to this question If yes, please elaborate: Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) (India) Sharing of passive infrastructure is widely done in India. India has pioneered the sharing of mobile towers and passive infrastructure sharing. We have the largest Infrastructure Provider companies like Indus towers with more than 100,000 towers in their portfolio. The telecom infrastructure providers now provide an Integrated Neutral Host Platform that is used by diverse and often competing operators resulting in the rapid deployment of networks supporting over 600 million mobile subscribers. The new and upcoming technologies such as 3G and BWA services will be highly successful since the easy availability and accessibility of shared towers, a key input for the growth of this sector. Servei de Telecomunicacions d'Andorra (STA) (Andorra) Piping with companies in other sectors. The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) No 'infrastructure sharing' between operators that I know of. The only 'sharing' we do is site sharing. Two or more operators build their shelters and install their antennae in the same physical location. There is no national roaming either. Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (Colombia) In Colombia, the deployment of the optical fibre backbone has been based on the electrical interconnection system (concerning approximately 70% of the network). Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Operators enter into infrastructure sharing commercial arrangements. 125 / :10-3/2 Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) There are currently infrastructure partnership agreements between Syrian Telecom (STE) and the cellphone operators in Syria. Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) With due respect for the interconnection catalogue in force, we have the following sharing arrangements: – Leasing of transmission capacity – Colocation of technical and power equipment – Pylon sharing – Equipment interconnection Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) These exist in the case of a private arrangement between operators. Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) Co-location, Masks for wireless systems and backhauling. Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Private agreements for infrastructure sharing currently exist between different telecommunication operators. If operators do not reach agreement on the conditions applicable to infrastructure sharing, the regulator may intervene to establish an agreement between the parties. Regulations also exist regarding access to the electricity, hydrocarbon transport and road infrastructures, in order to allow telecommunication operators to deploy infrastructures, particularly for fibre optic transport networks. Ministry of Communications and Informatization (Belarus) Telecommunication operators share infrastructure, including fibre optic communication links and cellular antenna masts, under contractual arrangements. Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) National Roaming is applicable and mandated in some remote areas, so both operators can use same BTS Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) Regulator published infrastructure sharing guidelines that are applied since 2010. ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) See answer to Q.18 above. Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) The requirement to provide television services was achieved through the cable television company provided the signals and the incumbent telephone operator permitting the cable television company to use its towers and central office to accomodate equipment. 126 / :10-3/2 21 Are you planning to bring such guidelines to address the rural challenges? 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 80.00% No 7 39% 100.00% 70.00% 60.00% Yes 11 61% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries 0.00% 0.00% Transition Developing Least countries countries developed countries * 19 organizations from 18 countries replied to this question * replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 22 Does your government provide any kind of tax rebate for import of equipments for providing Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband in rural and remote areas? 100.00% Yes 7 27% 100.00% 100.00% 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 60.00% No 19 73% 40.00% 20.00% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries * 26 organizations from 25 countries replied to this question 127 20.00% 0.00% Transition countries Developing countries Least developed countries / :10-3/2 If yes, please provide details, if applicable: The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) AHCIET (Colombia) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) 23 No tax rebates whatsoever. All ICT related equipment such as Laptops, Mobile Phones and Telecommunications infrastructure equipment are exempted from Import VAT and Duty Tax. The national ICT policy and strategy document foresees incentives for operators wishing to invest in rural areas, in the form of tax benefits (exemption from import taxes and duties on equipment), together with an attractive legal, institutional and economic framework. There is a provision that maximum ceiling of 7 % tax will be levied in telecommunications equipment to be used in rural areas in case the tax is above 5% in the import of telecommunications equipment (excluding few). - Subsidies for fixed broadband consumption - Tax rebates for IT purchases (especially computers) by the public. At present, exemption has been given regarding the payment of duties on the import of telecommunication equipment. The tax refund approach is not applied because importers are unable to pay the relevant duties. All telecommunications/ ICT equipment are taxes exempted Do the license conditions oblige the Operator/Service provider to provide service in rural and remote areas? By level of development: 100.00% 100.00% No 6 24% 80.00% 60.00% 40.00% Yes 19 76% 100.00% 71.43% 60.00% 40.00% 28.57% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% Developed countries Transition countries 0.00% Developing countries Least developed countries * 26 organizations from 25 countries replied to this question * replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 128 / :10-3/2 If yes, please provide further information The Egyptian Company for Mobile Services (MOBINIL) (Egypt) Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (Colombia) Telecommunication & Radiocommunication Regulator (TRR) (Vanuatu) Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Syrian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (SyTRA) (Syrian Arab Republic) Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) CATR of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) (China) Swaziland Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (SPTC) (Swaziland) AHCIET (Colombia) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações ANATEL (Brazil) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Japan) Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) 129 Yes. As mentioned earlier, the license conditions oblige mobile operators to cover at least 98% of population. Since slightly above 50% of the Egyptian population lives in major cities, that leaves the other half living in rural and remote areas which are properly covered. In the case of mobile network operators, the assignment of the license imposes obligations such as cover extension and connectivity services provision to public institutions. New entrant Operator enters into performance guarantee under respective license obligated to roll 85% coverage in the country within two years of operations. Todate market dynamics have seen the coverage to be at 90% after 3.5 years of operation. The license obliges operators/service providers to provide service in rural and remote areas or participate in the financing of universal access. This obligation is annexed to the terms of reference of each operator at the time of acquisition of its license for the establishment and operation of a public telecommunication network. The 2010 telecommunication law obliges operators to provide universal service to rural areas. Not in current contracts. Telecommunications Act, 1997 has the provisions that the operators have to invest 15% of their annual investment in rural areas. A basic telecommunication operator has to undertake the universal telecommunication service obligations. Operators are obliged to pay for Universal Service fund of 5% of NOI. Also ensure service availability in remote rural areas, using the cheapest ways possible e.g. payphones. Universal service obligations and commitments under the “Vive Digital” Plan. In some cases licences were issued on the condition that the operators provide services in specific rural areas. Nevertheless, not all licences issued are subject to this obligation. Universalization Goals General Plan (PGMU) defines obligations for rural and remote areas. Also, auctions for radiofrequency are establishing obligations as well for anyone who wins the auctions. Auctions for 450MHz and 2.5GHz defined obligations to offer data service to rural and remote schools. Provision of universal telecommunications service, telephone. Yes , but in specific areas , as they have to cover certain percentage of the household in each goveronate / :10-3/2 Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (Rwanda) ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Cable Bahamas Limited (Bahamas) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) 24 It is part of their license obligation. They have to provide rollout plan when bidding for the operator license. For example, concerning the licensing of Mobile Network Operators, Digital TV provider, Universal Service provider, etc. No, the Communications Act 2009 obliges the Operator/Service provider to provide service in rural and remote areas The art. 2 of Decree 558/2008 on Universal Service states that basic telephone service licensees (LSB) are required to expand the fixed telephone network in the total geographical area of their region (North and South) Do you provide a specific rural/remote area license to Telecommunications/ICTs/Broadband providers in rural and remote areas? By level of development: Yes 3 12% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 93.33% 80.00% 60.00% 60.00% 40.00% 40.00% No 23 88% 20.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 6.67% Developed Transition Developing Least countries countries countries developed countries * 27 organizations from 26 countries replied to this question * replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 25 If you answered yes to question 24, are these providers allowed to provide services in urban areas once rural and remote obligations are met? Percentage of countries by level of development where it is allowed: No 1 33% Yes 2 67% Developed countries 0% Transition countries 0% Developing countries 100% Least developed countries 50% * This question was only relevant if the answer was ‘yes’ to question 24. * 3 responses received. 130 / :10-3/2 What backhaul/backbone technologies are being used in your country for connecting rural and remote areas? Please tick all that applies 100.00% 80.00% 60.00% 85.19% 74.07% 62.96% 59.26% 40.00% 29.63% 20.00% 100.00% 80.00% 60.00% 13.33% 13.33% 0.00% 0.00% Transition countries 40.00% 40.00% Cable Developing countries Least developed countries *28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question *Multiple replies possible: total 89 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 131 Wireless such as WiFi, WiMax, LTE, etc Terrestrial microwave 100.00% 100.00% 80.00% 100.00% 100.00% 60.00% 73.33% Developed countries Satellite/V-SAT Optical fiber 33.33% 0.00% 0.00% 33.33% 60.00% 20.00% Optical fiber 66.67% 50.00% 80.00% 40.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% Satellite/V-SAT 0.00% Cable 3.70% Other technology 26 Terrestrial microwave Wireless such as WiFi, WiMax, LTE, etc Other technology / :10-3/2 27 What access technologies are being used in your country for connecting rural and remote areas? Please tick all that applies 100.00% 80.00% 88.89% 70.37% 60.00% 81.48% 70.37% 62.96% 48.15% 40.00% 20.00% Transition countries Developing countries 60.00% 60.00% 60.00% 60.00% 100.00% 80.00% Other technology Broadband such as 3G, WiMax, 4G, etc. Mobile such as GSM, CDMA, etc. Fixed Wireless Access 73.33% 73.33% 26.67% 46.67% 73.33% 100.00% Fiber Cable Copper Developed countries 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 11.11% 66.67% 83.33% 100.00% 66.67% 50.00% 100.00% 0.00% Copper Cable Fiber Fixed Wireless Access Mobiel such as GSM, CDMA, etc. Broadband such as 3G, WiMax, 4G, etc. Other technology Least developed countries *28 organizations from 27 countries replied to this question *Multiple replies possible: total 117 replies *replies merged when multiple organizations in one country replied. 132 / :10-3/2 If “Other technology” was selected, please specify: Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) 28 Satellite/V-SAT, microwave, WiFi. If there is any other specific policy/regulatory intervention/initiative by your government or regulatory, please elaborate United Kingdom Telecommunications Academy (UKTA) (International) Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (Lebanon) Ministère de la Communication et des Nouvelles Technologies (Niger) Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL) (Paraguay) Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) (Nepal (Republic of) Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (Peru) Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (Dem. Rep. of the Congo) Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) (Oman) 133 Other wireless technologies such as Pre-Wimax, CDMA etc... UKTA has both UK Government and CEPT Approval to support ITU HCD Initiatives. Should you require more detailed information as to how this is achieved see www.ukta.co.uk/eMCM or eLLM in IT & T (provided at University of Southampton and Open University of Tanzania) on UKTA web site. All these programmes delivered by UKTA cover Policy & Regulation. It is envisioned that MOT will soon issue a telecom policy which will address all sorts of access. – Adoption of a law on the sharing of telecommunication infrastructure – Creation of a regulatory authority specific to the telecommunication and postal sectors, replacing the Multisectoral Regulatory Authority (ARM), which, having been responsible for regulating the telecommunication, transport, postal, water and energy sectors, was deemed too cumbersome an institution after ten years in operation. The current policy is the National Telecommunications Plan (PNT). District Optical Fiber Network project being developed; WiMax project by incumbent; Rural ICT projects in multi-stakeholders partnership model Deployment of the National Fibre Optic Backbone Network, serving all provincial capitals, is currently being planned. It is hoped that this high-speed transport network will provide connectivity at district level, through projects that can be financed by both private operators and district governments. - Establishment of a national broadband policy in rural or remote areas. - Establishment of a regulatory framework governing infrastructure-sharing, particularly in rural or remote areas. - Launch of a public bid for a licence for the universal broadband service. - Establishment of the universal service fund. - Creation of the National ICT Agency (Agence Nationale des TIC) to monitor all issues relating to rural or remote areas. Initiative by the regulator to provide coverage to some remote villages 900MHz refarming is the 1st refarming initiative that was conducted between the TRA and the operators in exchange of constructing 120 BTS in the rural areas.operators agreed to install total of 120 BTS site locations (60 omantel & 60 nwaras) 1800 MHz refarming inititative is the 2nd initiative that was conducted between TRA and operators in exchange of additional mobile spectrum in 1800 MHz frequency bands . operators agreed to install 80 BTS site locations in rural areas (40 Omantel & 40 Nawras) / :10-3/2 Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Mauritius) ICP - Autoridade Nacional de Comunicações (ANACOM) (Portugal) Comisión Nacional de Comunicaciones (CNC) (Argentina) National Information and Communication Technology Strategic Plan (NICTSP) 2011-2014: Towards I-Mauritius www.gov.mu/portal/goc/telecomit/file/ICTplan.pdf Universal Service Fund (USF) Package for Broadband Connection at Rs 200 per month (emanates from budgetary measure 2013) www.icta.mu/mediaoffice/2013/ISPs_Broadband_Connection.html See more information in, e.g., www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?categoryId=340689 www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?contentId=975261 or www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?contentId=1150167 National Plan Satellite Dishes Installation of Rural Schools and Border Objective: Bring Open Digital Television to Rural Schools and Border Argentina that are outside the coverage area of Digital Terrestrial TV, using satellite transmission through the system Direct to Home (TDH). Number of educational establishments: 12,000 approximately. Number of beneficiaries: 1,200,000 students and 300,000 teachers, approximately. Internet Program in Educational Establishments (under implementation) Objective: bring the Internet to state-run schools. Stage 1: estimated 4,906 establishments installing internet. Stage 2: 10,000 establishments. And in later will seek to connect to more than 40,000 state-run establishments. Plan My Digital Satellite TV Objective: to bring digital television open to families in rural areas via satellite dishes. To this date, we have connected 101 rural localities. Number of beneficiaries: more than 2,200 rural households across 16 provinces. The amount is estimated to reach 4,300 rural families through satellite transmission. 134 (ITU) �� (BDT) �� Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 Email: mailto:bdtdirector@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5035/5435 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� (IP) �� (PKM) Email: bdtpkm@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5447 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 Email: bdtip@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5900 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� (IEE) �� Email: bdtiee@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5421 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� (DDR) �� Email: bdtdeputydir@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5784 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 �� TelOne Centre for Learning Corner Samora Machel and Hampton Road P.O. Box BE 792 Belvedere Harare – Zimbabwe 19, Rue Parchappe x Amadou Assane Ndoye Immeuble Fayçal, 4e étage B.P. 50202 Dakar RP Dakar – Sénégal Immeuble CAMPOST, 3e étage Boulevard du 20 mai Boîte postale 11017 Yaoundé – Cameroun P.O. 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Luis Eduardo Magalhães (AnaTel) 70070-940 – Brasilia, DF – Brasil E-mail: itutegucigalpa@itu.int Tel.: +504 2 2 201 074 Fax: +504 2 2 201 075 E-mail: itusantiago@itu.int Tel.: +56 2 632 6134/6147 Fax: +56 2 632 6154 E-mail: itubridgetown@itu.int Tel.: +1 246 431 0343/4 Fax: +1 246 437 7403 E-mail: itubrasilia@itu.int Tel.: +55 61 2312 2730-1 Tel.: +55 61 2312 2733-5 Fax: +55 61 2312 2738 �� 4, Building 1 Sergiy Radonezhsky Str. Moscow 105120 Russian Federation Sapta Pesona Building, 13th floor JI. Merdan Merdeka Barat No. 17 Jakarta 10001 – Indonesia Thailand Post Training Center, 5th floor, 111 Chaengwattana Road, Laksi Bangkok 10210 – Thailand Mailing address: P.O. Box 25 – Moscow 105120 Russian Federation Mailing address: c/o UNDP – P.O. Box 2338 Jakarta 10001 – Indonesia Mailing address P.O. Box 178, Laksi Post Office Laksi, Bangkok 10210 – Thailand E-mail: itumoskow@itu.int Tel.: +7 495 926 60 70 Fax: +7 495 926 60 73 E-mail: Tel.: Tel.: Tel.: Fax: E-mail: Tel.: Tel.: Fax: itujakarta@itu.int +62 21 381 35 72 +62 21 380 23 22 +62 21 380 23 24 +62 21 389 05 521 �� itubangkok@itu.int +66 2 574 8565/9 +66 2 574 9326/7 +66 2 574 9328 Smart Village, Building B 147, 3rd floor Km 28 Cairo – Alexandria Desert Road Giza Governorate Cairo – Egypt E-mail: itucairo@itu.int Tel.: +20 2 35 37 17 77 Fax: +20 2 35 37 18 88 �� (BDT) �� (EUR) �� (ITU) �� Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 – Switzerland E-mail: eurregion@itu.int Tel.: +41 22 730 5111 ‫لالتصال بنا‬ :‫املوقع اإللكرتوين‬ www.itu.int/pub/D-STG/ :‫املكتبة اإللكرتونية لالحتاد‬ devsg@itu.int :‫الربيد اإللكرتوين‬ +41 22 730 5999 :‫الـهـاتــف‬ www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups ‫‪2‬‬ ‫المسألــة ‪ :10-3/2‬االتصاالت‪/‬تكنولوجيا المعلومات واالتصاالت للمناطق الريفية والمناطق النائية‬ ‫االحتـ ــاد الـ ــدويل لالتصـ ــاالت‬ ‫مكـتب تنمي ـ ــة االتص ـ ــاالت‬ ‫‪Place des Nations‬‬ ‫‪CH-1211 Geneva 20‬‬ ‫‪Switzerland‬‬ ‫‪www.itu.int‬‬ ‫‪01/2014‬‬ ‫ ‪20 10 -2 0 14‬‬ ‫طبع يف سويسرا‬ ‫جنيف‪2014 ،‬‬ ‫الـتـق ـريــر الـنـهــائــي‬ ‫قطاع تنمية االتصاالت لجنة الدراسات ‪2‬‬ ‫الـم ـسـألــة‬ ‫‪10-3/2‬‬ ‫االتصاالت‪/‬تكنولوجيا المعلومات واالتصاالت‬ ‫للمنـاطــق الـريـفـيــة والمنـاطــق الـنـائـيــة‬ ‫فرتة الدراسة اخلامسة‬ ‫قطـ ــاع تنمي ـ ــة االتصـ ـ ـ ـ ــاالت‬ ‫‪2014-2010‬‬

ةــلأـســمـلا 10-3/2 ةــيـئاـنـلا قــطاـنملاو ةــيـفـيرـلا قــطاـنملل تلااصتلااو تامولعملا ايجولونكت/تلااصتلاا

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