INNOVATIVE AND BENEFICIAL USE OF DREDGED MATERIAL
FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
Muhammed Bahcetepe | Advisor: Rui Liu, Assistant Professor, College of Architecture and Environmental Design, Kent State University
BACKGROUND
More than 1.5 million cubic yard (CY) sediment needs to be removed annually from fifteen federal harbors, and smaller ports for recreational navigation along the Ohio’s Lake Erie
coast. Devaluation and destabilization of
neighborhoods around the unremediated
brownfields, and the impervious surface increases flooding concerns in combined sewer
overflow areas where many brownfields are located. Green infrastructure (GI), e.g. green
roof, rain gardens, emphasizes infiltration and
hydrological retention, and could potentially
provide a flexible and affordable solution to remediate urban brownfield in Cleveland. The
dredged material may supply nutrients for
plant growth in GI and raw mineral materials
for aggregate production, which has high hydrological retention capacity for GI construction.
Confined Disposal Facility in Cleveland is
currently the only place to store dredged
material in Ohio.
INNOVATION OF THE
PROJECT
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
• To evaluate the suitability of dredged material from
Cleveland Harbor for use in green infrastructure e.g.
green roof, rain garden etc in brownfield remediation.
The innovation in this study is to sinter(bake)
the dredged material under different temperatures, and with different proportions of ingredients.
• To prepare and produce “green” aggregate with
high porous surface and inner microstructure, which is
made from dredged materials and possibly other mineral admixtures such as fly ash.
In Cleveland there are over 14,000
acres of brownfields with over 90%
impervious surface.
Sample Depth
Sample Date
Ohio VAP Soil
Site Specific
Direct Contact
Cleanup
Residential
Criteria (mg/kg)
Standards
(mg/kg)
Cyanide (Method EPA 335.4)
Cyanide
0.55
Metals (Method SW 6010B/7471)
Aluminum
NS
Antimony
NS
Arsenic
20.73
Barium
283
Beryllium
NS
Cadmium
10.03
Chromium
29.8
NS
Cobalt
Lead
105.4
Mercury
0.353
Nickel
NS
Selenium
4.7
Silver
0.72
Thallium
NS
Vanadium
NS
Zinc
NS
Ohio VAP Soil
Direct Contact
Commercial/
Industrial
Standards
(mg/kg)
SB1
CCP002:
SB1:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB1
CCP002:
SB1:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB2
CCP002:
SB2:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB2
CCP002:
SB2:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB3
CCP002:
SB3:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB3
CCP002:
SB3:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB4
CCP002:
SB4:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB4
CCP002:
SB4:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB5
CCP002:
SB5:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB5
CCP002:
SB5:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB6
CCP002:
SB6:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB6
CCP002:
SB6:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB7
CCP002:
SB7:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB7
CCP002:
SB7:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
SB8
CCP002:
SB8:
S000040
0.0-4.0 ft
SB8
CCP002:
SB8:
S040080
4.0-8.0 ft
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
11/8/12
NS
NS
<0.108
<0.11
0.298
<0.133
0.211
0.144
<0.115
<0.157
0.395
<0.288
0.167
0.261
<0.109
<0.136
<0.118
<0.124
NS
30
6.7
15000
150
72
0
1400
400
7.6
1500
380
380
6.1
680
23000
NS
1200
82
370000
5100
2300
0
23000
1800
290
44000
15000
15000
230
26000
880000
3580
<0.749
7.37
30.4
<0.375
<0.375
15.2
9.66
26.1
<0.108
20.1
<3.52
<0.539
<3.75
8.77
92.1
2780
<0.808
5.89
21.7
<0.404
<0.404
9.62
3.77
14.1
<0.118
15
<3.8
<0.582
<4.04
7.41
83.3
7100
<0.876
11.9
66
0.461
0.623
19
8.58
37
<0.13
33.2
<4.12
<0.63
<4.38
15.6
172
6400
<0.998
9.26
50
<0.499
0.599
19.4
6.97
34.3
<0.143
24.6
<4.69
<0.719
<4.99
13.8
175
5050
<0.964
8.82
39.4
<0.482
<0.482
13.8
5.27
25.7
<0.129
33.1
<4.53
<0.694
<4.82
12.2
113
7190
<1.07
10.4
66
<0.536
<0.536
20.2
7.64
35.2
<0.148
25.1
<5.04
<0.772
<5.36
15.3
165
4750
<0.873
8.82
44.9
<0.436
0.69
12.7
6.13
30.6
<0.121
34
<4.1
<0.628
<4.36
16.5
161
12400
<1.11
13.5
89.5
0.713
0.592
28.4
12.3
50.4
<0.157
36.9
<5.21
<0.798
<5.54
23.3
234
7660
<1.03
12
64
<0.516
0.627
18.2
9.2
36.5
<0.142
33.2
<4.85
<0.744
<5.16
16
164
8100
<1.04
12.2
75.8
0.523
<0.522
22.8
8.82
42.5
<0.145
28.8
<4.91
<0.752
<5.22
17
186
5410
<0.818
10.1
43.7
<0.409
0.478
13
7.17
26.4
<0.12
25.9
<3.84
<0.589
<4.09
12.7
115
16800
<0.941
16.5
105
0.781
2.45
63.5
11.2
90.2
0.226
43.7
<4.42
<0.678
<4.71
24.4
499
3580
<0.798
8.38
20.8
<0.399
<0.399
9.58
4.12
18.1
<0.112
19.2
<3.75
<0.575
<3.99
8.62
77.8
4730
<1.02
8.32
46.6
<0.51
<0.51
13.8
6.29
36.1
<0.141
25.3
<4.79
<0.734
<5.1
12.6
118
4720
<0.921
7.83
39.7
<0.46
<0.46
14.8
5.84
23.9
<0.128
19.8
<4.33
<0.663
<4.6
10.8
108
5330
<0.878
4.51
19.2
<0.439
<0.439
8.87
6.55
9.57
<0.128
20.1
<4.13
<0.632
<4.39
9.75
80.2
Thermal Analysis
PerkinElmer Thermal Analysis
381.9
Severely Critical - If the sediment is not
dredged, it could severely restrict channel
and harbor availability within 1-2 years.
350
Peak = 183.68 °C
Area = -197.209 mJ
Delta H = -25.853 J/g
Heat Flow Endo Up (mW)
250
200
Sample 1
150
File Id : 20150119
Run Date : 2/24/15
Delta Cp = 62.278 J/g*°C
Tg: Half Cp Extrapolated = 170.97 °C
50
-1.682
25
50
100
150
200
250
300
Temperature (°C)
350
400
450
500
550
2/25/2015 3:27:17 PM
2)
Heat from 20.00°C to 600.00°C at 10.00°C/min
Information for the map is taken from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Report
1.5 million cubic yard of sediment
must be collected every year
PROBLEMS
Storage is a huge problem since there
is a continuous flow of dredged material.
The resulst of this project will be used to educate the public to eleminate the misperception of dredged material being contaminated.
Peak = 555.12 °C
300
1) Hold for 1.0 min at 20.00°C
MATERIAL
NEXT STEPS
Area = 10601.621 mJ
Delta H = 1389.830 J/g
100
Pressing - If the sediment is not dredged, it
could severely restrict channel and harbor
availability within 10 years.
Baked Sample
Depth: 6’-9’
Heavy Metal Contents | EPA Test Results
Sample Identification
Critical - If the sediment is not dredged, it
could severely restrict channel and harbor
availability within 5 years.
Baked Sample
Depth: 3’-6’
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Sample Location
BROWNFIELD PHOTO
Baked Sample
Depth: 0’-3’
EXISTENT METHODS
600
Test the dredged material in green infrastructure to analyze the efficiency of the material.
After assessing the performance of the
dredged material, the mass production could
be implemented in to the industry.
Solve the storage problem of dredged material by using it, and save the authorities millions of dollars.
PROPOSED SOLUTIONS
Materials are placed at oceans and seas.
Deteriorates the Water Quality.
OTHER POSSIBLE OUTCOMES
Implementation of dredged material in
Green Infrastructure
3D brick printing material
Implementation of dredged material
in agriculture land.
Material for arts & crafts
WHY IS IT BAD?
300.3 million gallons
If the sediment is not dredged,
it fills channels and harbors.
Materials are placed at landfills.
Costly and depletes land sources.