June 191l
Extension Circular No. 371
SMALL FRUITS-194o
PRODUCTION AND INCOME STATISTICS
FOR
OREGON BY COUNTIES
By
N. D. Thomas, L. R. Breithaupt,
and N. I. Nielsen
State and county estimates of acreage, production, price and income,
prepared by the Oregon State College Extension Service end the United States
Deparnent of Agriculture
OREGON STAI'E COLLEGE --
TENSION SERVtCE
n. A. Schoenfeld, Director, Corvallis, Oregon
Cooperative Extension 'work in Agriculture and None Economics
Oregon Agricultural College and United States Department of Agriculture
Cooperating
Printed and distributed in furtherance of the
Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 19114
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(PLANATION OF TERMS
(Unless otherwise noted)
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Estimates are expressions of judgment regarding
what is true at any given time based upon partial
data, past relationships, calculation, appraisement,
and general knowledge of the subject under consideration and are published subject to revision. Tables
or data marked prelintinary" are especially subject
to further consideration and revision.
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Harvested acreage is estimated acreage from which
a].]. or any part of the crop is harvested.
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Farm production relates to the total outturn of
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the given commodity, irrespective of use, whether
sold, consumed by the farm family, or consumed in pro- *
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duotion of further farm products on the farm where
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groun.
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Average farm price is the weighted average of
prices received by farmers at usual marketing points
for quantities sold during a crop year.
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Cash farm income is intended to represent the
money income of farmers from crop and animal products
and is obtained by evaluating, at the average farm
price, quantities produced during a crop year and sold
or held for sale. Therefore, these data are for the
marketing season or crop year and should not be confused with calendar year income.
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Farm value may be obtained by evaluating farm production at the average farm price and would differ
from cash farm income by including value of quantities
used on the farm where produced.
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OREGON STATE CCLLEON - enrjsssiON SERVICE
Extension Circule.r No.
June 1914
371
SMALL FRUITS - l910
Production end Income Statistics
for
Oregon by Counties
By
N. D. Thomas, L. N. Breithaupt, and N. I. Nielsen*
This report presenting aoreage, production, price, and income data
for
l9LiO
is the fifth in a series of reports giving annual state, district,
and county estimates of amall fruit crops grown in Oregon. Data for 1936,
1937, 1938, end 1939 were published in Oregon Extension Circulars Nos. 318,
319, 334,
and
353.
These estimates are based on infoimation assembled from growers,
processors, shippers, dealers, county agricultural agents, federal agricultural statisticians, experiment station staff, state department of agriculture
officials, and others in the 36 counties of the state. The cooperation of a
great many persons who gave voluntarily of their time and information when
interviewed personally or by questionnaire, has contributed much to the completeness and accuracy of this report. Such cooperation is gratefully acknowledged.
REVIEW OF THE l910 SMALL FRUIT SEASON
The production of nine 1nds of small fruits in Oregon in 19)40 was
estimated at 78,172,000 pounds, harvested from 23,300 acres, compared with
63,181,600 pounds from 21,896 acres as the 1936-19140 average production. Cash
farm income from small fruits was estimated at $3,557,500 compared with
$3,433,260 as the 1936-1940 average.
Yields per acre were above average for all of the small fruits,
except gooseberries which made an average yield. The relatively high yields
were obtained although dry weather in the fall of 1939 was somewhat unfavorable
for cane growth and plant development and hot dry weather shortened the strawberry harvest season in 1940.
(Continued on page 2)
* N. D. Thomas is Assistant Extension Economist in Agricultural Statistics at
Oregon State College; L. N. Breithaupt i Extension Agricultural Eoonomist in
Statistics, News, and Outlook at Oregon State College; N. I. Nielsen is Senior
Agricultural Statistician of the Agricultural Marketing Service, United States
Department of Agriculture and Collaborator in Agricultural Statistics in the
Oregon Agricultural Extension Service. ii. F. Primal., Junior Extension Statistician at Oregon State College assisted with a portion of the field work.
-1-
Pre-harvost conditions were very favorable for strawberries and yields
averaged high due also to an increase in the proportion of the total acreage in
the northern counties of the 1llle3aette Valley whore relatively high yields are
generally obtained. Growers in these areas are giving especial attention to
good practices of cultivation, fertilization, and to iho selection of planting
stock.
Strawberries alone accounted for $2,158,000 or 61 per cent of the
total, although prices for strauberries and the anount of farm income from this
crop were below the l936-l9L0 average. The acreage of strawberries harvested
was estimated at l,L00, compared with 9,900 acres of eight other small fruit
crops, not including grapes, currants, blueberries, and cultivated huckleberries.
By the time red raspberries, blackcaps, loganberries, youngberries,
boysenberries began to ripen the need for moisture was more evident, particularly
in the central and southern Willamette Valley counties and yields of these crops
were somewhat lower than was expected in May. A large part of the lower yielding
plantings had been removed, however, during previous seasons and vith more blackcaps and boysenberries of full-bearing age, better than average yields were
obtained of the cane fruits. September rains were beneficial to the tame evergreen blackberry crop and yields were well above average. Cranberry bogs produced
an unusually high yield in l9L0.
b..
The small fruit industry is of real economic importance in Oregon,
particularly in the Villainette Valley, as indicated by the ceh income data in
this report. A relatively large proportion of the corsiercial small fruit industry
of the United States is in Oregon, as the data indicate that approximately 6 per
cent of the total cash farm income from this source goes to producers in this
state. The 1936-1940 average cash farm income from strawberries, cranberries, and
other small fruits in the United States was estimated at $57,90,O00 of which
Oregon's share was 3,433,2b0. Strawberries accounted for $38,8L10,b00 of the
United States total, cranberries $6,735,!400, and other small fruits $11,714,000.
The production of large amounts of small fruits annually in Oregon also provides
the raw materials for much canning and cold-packing business from which additional
enplonuent and income is derived.
Table 1.- Estimates of small fruit crops, Oregon, 19140
a
Kind of crop
a
Area
Paris
a
harvested a production
Pounds
Ct./lb.
18,24000
86
Acres
Strawberries
Red raspberries
Blackcap raspberries
Loganberries
Youngberries
Boysenberries
Gooseberries
Blackberries
Cranberries
a
13,400
2,550
1,950
1,675
1,450
1,100
a
1445
:
a
a
:
a
a
Average
580
150
6,200,000
,75O,00O
5,200,000
4,952,000
4,100,000
1,120,000
3,1400,000
1,210,000
a
farm price a
7.30
7.15
2.60
3.25
3.90
4.00
3.65
11.20
Cash farm
income
Dollars
2,158,000
1422,000
257,000
126,000
152,000
150,000
14,500
116,000
135,000
Total smell fruit
crops 1/
23.300
78.172.000
--3.cc7.0O
soc incJ.ualng grapes, ourrans, o.Lueoerrles, cuL.vavea iaucieberrles, etc.,
oh data were too incomplete to include in the estimates.
a
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Table 2.- Estimates of strawberries, Oregon, l9LjO
Yarn
harvested * production
Area
C
district
Acres
Benton
120
2,600
Clackainas
Lane
:
Lion
Marion
0ultnomah
Polk
Washington
:
200
700
3,100
1,300
250
3,300
Yan*hill
:
District 1
Clatsop
Columbia
Coos
Curry
Lincoln
:
:
Tillamook
:
District 2
Douglas
Ct./lb.
5.00
4.80
5.00
L.60
Ii.S0
4.80
1. 80
t.80
L.80
:
Cash farm
income
Dollars
13,500
525,000
27,500
14,000
355,000
288,000
26,000
557,000
36,000
14.85
55
3,800
42,000
8,800
1,100
8,700
3,100
67,500
400,000
150,000
210,000
760,000
5.50
7.00
7.00
6.20
21,000
8,800
12,600
b2,400
350
25
1,750,000
4.00
7.00
6L,000
90,000
:
310
60
---
Hood River
farm price
/
7.00
4.80
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.00
200
50
(lillian
300,000
11,960,000
600,000
1,550,000
8,060,000
6,500,000
600,000
12,550,000
800,000
Average
60,000
920,000
140,000
20,000
135,000
50,000
1,325,000
30
230
70
10
50
25
:
Morrow
Sherman
Pounds
11,9(I,9ö5ö(5
145
Jackson
Josephine
District 3
330
:
---
6,000
Umatilla
:
150
Wasco
:
50
660,000
200,000
5.50
7.00
34,000
13,000
575
2,700,000
T.70
117,000
20
50,000
75,000
55,000
20,000
200,000
8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
3,200
4,800
3,200
1,200
12,400
8.00
8.00
10.00
10.00
1,600
9,600
1,500
5
25,000
150,000
20,000
8.000
40
1140,000
5
10.00
10.00
120
12,000
355,000
13,400
48,2140,000
12,500
1,000
26,700
2,158,000
---
Wheeler
District
4
Baker
Ilaiheur
Union
Wallowa
Distriot 5
Crook
Desohutes
Grant
Harney
Jefferson
Elamath
Lake
District 6
State total
25
25
*
*
*
10
80
10
50
10
---
9.05
4.86
500
These estimates are intended to include not only the acreage and production of
strawberries sold for canning and co1d-pacdng but also an additional acreage and
productign to allow for strawberries grown in small patches and on new acreage bearing lightly, whether sold for processing, for fresh market consumption, or used on
farms where grown. It is estimated that about 73 per cent of the total production
was sold to coranercial prooessors, about 19 per cent was sold for fresh market consumption, and about 8 per cent was not marketed.
Table
3.-
Estimates of red raspberries, Oregon,
County or
district
Area
Farm
Acres
Pounds
harvested : production
z
Benton
Clackamas
30
375
Lane
30
Limi
Marion
275
160
Multnomah
1,250
:
40
110
30
Polk
Washington
Yamhill
District 1
2,300
Average
1910
farm price
Ct./lb.
:
Cash farm
income
Dollars
3,700
67,000
220,000
50,000
5,620,000
6.75
7.25
6.75
6.50
6.50
7.25
6.50
7.00
7.00
7.15
7.00
8.00
8.00
7.95
1,100
4,000
60,000
975,000
63,000
Lj40,000
2L0,000
3,500,000
72,000
4,000
27,300
14,600
2tt0,000
4,200
14,700
3,200
378,700
3
145
18,000
75,000
12,000
105,000
Distrct 5
15
30
25
10
80
L2,000
72,000
50,000
20,000
184,000
10.00
9.00
10.00
10.00
9.60
4,000
6,100
4,500
1,800
16,400
Columbia
15
10
30
30
27,000
15,000
90,000
75,000
84,000
6,200,000
6.50
7.00
8.00
10.00
7.40
7.30
1,600
Coos
Douglas
10
:
Jackson
Josephine
District
30
5
Baker
Maiheur
Union
Wallowa
:
Umatilla
Kiamath
Other counties /
State total
:
40
:
2,550
700
5,800
900
6,1O0
6,000
6,200
L22,000
1/ Lincoln, 5 A.; Hood ver, 1 A.; Morrow, 5 A.; Wasco, 4 A.; Crook, 5 A.;
Deschutes, 10 A.; Grant, 5 A.; Lake, 5 A.
Table
Estimates of' blaokcap raspberries, Oregon, 1940
4.-
10
280
Benton
Clackamas
Lane
Lixm
Marion
Multnomah
5
:
z
Polk
Washington
Yamhill
District 1
Unatilla
Other counties
State total
250
140
70
25
520
600
s
:
1,900
15
35
1,950
20,000
560,000
10,000
480,000
252,000
168,000
10,000
1,040,000
1,080,000
3,650,000
36,000
4,000
3,750,000
7.00
7.20
7.00
7.25
7.00
7.25
7.00
7.10
7.10
7.15
8.00
7.50
7.15
1,300
38,500
600
33,400
17,000
11,600
2,700
71,000
73,500
2149,600
2,600
!,800
257,000
/ Columbia, 3 A.; Coos, 2 A.; Douglas, 2 A.; Jackson, 2 A.; Wazoo, 5 A.;
Maiheur, 5 A.; Union, 5 A.; Deschutes, 2 A.; Klamath, 7 A.; all others, 2 A.
-14-
Table 5.- Estimates of logenberries, Oregon, 1940
County or
Area
district
Benton
Clackamas
Lane
Liun
Marion
harvested
:
:
Multnomah
:
Polk
Washington
Yasthill
District 1
Other counties
:
:
Farm
production
Acres
Pounds
30
325
15
40
900
80
120
30
60
75,000
1,100,000
39,000
116,000
2,880,000
Average
farm price
:
Ct.Jlb.
Ca8h tarn
income
Dollars
1,600
300,000
90,000
180,000
5,020,000
2.50
2.60
2.70
2.50
2.60
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.60
120,L$00
1,675
180,000
5,200,000
3.10
2.60
5,600
126,000
:
State total
:
2140,000
1,700
26,000
1,000
2,800
70,200
5,500
6,800
2,100
4,300
Columbia, 12 A.; Coos, 7 A.; Lincoln, 5 A.; Douglas, 5 A.; Jaokson, 2 A.;
Yood River, 4 A.; Umatilla, 12 A.; Maiheur, 14 A.; Union, 3 A.; Wallowa. 3 A.;
Crook, 14 A.; Deechutes, 5 A.; Grant, 14 A.; Klamath, 2 A.; all others, 3 A.
Table 6.- Estimates of youngberries, Oregon, 19140
Benton
Claokamas
Lane
Linn
Marion
1u1tnomah
:
:
:
Polk
Washington
Yamhill
:
District 1
Douglas
Jackson
Josephine
:
District 3
:
Other counties
:
State total
14,430,000
3.25
3.25
3.50
3.00
3.25
3.25
3.25
3.00
3.00
3.20
5,000
49,000
28,000
2,900
18,000
6,000
134,200
65
25
35
125
156,000
80,000
112,000
348,000
3.50
4.00
4.00
3.80
4,900
3,000
4,000
11,900
65
174,000
4,952,000
3.40
3.25
5,900
152,000
20
160
40
50
500
225
30
210
65
68,000
608,000
lliO,000
180,000
1,600,000
900,000
96,000
630,000
208,000
1,260
1,450
2,100
18,000
14,200
Coluxibia, 10 A.; Coos, 5 A.; Hood River, 5 A.; Morrow, 2 A.; Wasco, 5 A.;
Baker, 5 A.; Malheur, 5 A.; Union, 15 A.; Crook, 3 A.; Deschutes, 5 A.;
Kismath, 5 A.
17
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Table 7.- Estimates of boysenberries, Oregon, l9LjO
County or
Area
district
?arm
harvested
production
Acres
Benton
Clackamas
Lane
Linn
Marion
Multnomah
Pounds
15
135
3.75
income
Dollars
1,800
19,200
6,000
10,000
35
20
20
75
98,000
70,000
70,000
238,000
4.00
5.00
5.00
4.60
3,600
3,000
3,000
9,600
:
15
10
25
54,000
25,000
83,000
:
1,100
14,100,000
4.50
5.00
3.50
3.90
2,200
1,000
2,900
150,000
:
100
50
:
:
Umatilla
Union
State total
14.00
Cash farm
3,700,000
25
District 3
Other counties /
50,000
5140,000
*
975
:
Douglas
Jackson
Josephine
Ct./lb.
:
14.00
14.00
60
325
225
District 1
farm price
160,000
270,000
1,170,000
970,000
90,000
300,000
150,000
40
:
Polk
Washington
Yamhill
Average
*
_
4.00
3.75
4.00
3.75
3.75
3.85
1i4,000
34,500
3,300
10,300
5,200
134,300
/ Columbia, 5 A.; Hood River, 5 A.; IOrrow, 2 A.; WÜ, 5 A.; Crook, 1 A.;
Deschutes, 2 A.; Kiamath,
5
A.
Table 8.- Estimates of gooseberries, Oregon, 1940
Benton
Clackamas
Lane
Lirui
Marion
Multnonah
*
Polk
'iashington
Yamhill
*
District 1
*
Other counties
,
State total
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
1,500
2,600
1,000
5,600
17,000
90
20
10
400
40,000
70,000
30,000
150,000
460,000
15,000
200,000
60,000
25,000
1,050,000
45
145
70,000
1,120,000
5.00
4.00
3,000
14,500
10
25
10
65
165
:
5
500
7,200
2,200
900
38,500
Columbia, 3 A.; Coos, 2 A.; Douglas, 3 A..; Baker, 2 A.; Ma].heur, 12 A.;
Union, 2 A.; Kiamath, 7 A.; Lake, 3 A.; all others, 11 A.
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Table 9.-
County or
district
Estimates of tame blackberries, Oregon, 1940
:
Benton
Clackamas
Lane
Linn
Larion
iultnomeh
Polk
Washington
Yenhill
District 1
Area
harvested :
Acres
Farm
production
Pounds
5
25,000
180,000
3.50
3.25
700
5,400
65,000
1,600,000
630,000
260,000
120,000
120,000
3,000,000
14.00
2,500
56,200
19,500
9,400
3,900
3,900
101,500
4.00
40
20,000
50,000
200,000
270,000
4.00
4.00
600
1,600
7,600
9,800
15
10
15
580
60,000
30,000
40,000
3,400,000
4.00
5.00
3.75
3.65
2,000
1,200
1,500
116,000
30
:
:
:
Douglas
Jackson
Josephine
District 3
--10
285
90
L0
20
20
500
5
10
25
Umatilla
kelheur
Other counties
State total
:
Average
farm price
Ct./lb.
:
3.75
3.25
3.75
3.50
3.50
340
14.00
Cash farm
income
Dollars
[Coos, 3 A.; Morrow, 2 A.; Baker, 2 A.; Union, 5 A.; Wollowa, 1 A.;
Deschutes, 2 A.
Table 10.-
County
or
district
Estimates of cranberries, Oregon, 1940
Area grown :
for
harvest
Average
Farm
roduotion
if arm price:
:
O.._.. OF
Clatsop
Coos
Curry
State total
/ Preliminsry
/ Cranberry bc
:
45
100
z
5
150
14,200
32,600
1,600
148,1.100
bbl. or approximately 25 lbs.
-7-
1/
n__I
:
fl_._..
2.65
2.85
2.85
2.80
Cash farm
income
n_li
37,600
92,900
135,000