WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Weather – Climate - Water
WMO Information System (WIS)
Managing & Moving
Weather, Water and Climate Information
in the 21st Century
Jean-Michel Rainer
Acting Director, WMO Information System Branch
Observation and Information Systems
World Meteorological Organization
1
How Does the Global Operational Network of WMO Operate?
NMHSs of 187
countries contribute to
Global Observing
System every day
Global
Telecommunication
System- 32 Regional
Tele-communication
Hubs
3 World
Meteorological
Centres
40 Regional
Specialized Centers
NMHSs deliver data
and early warning
services
World Meteorological Organization
2
Current situation: GTS
WWW GTS
Regional/Specialized
Meteorological Centres
Meteorological and R&D
Satellite Operator Centres
interconnects
National
Meteorological
Centres
World
Meteorological
Centres
World Meteorological Organization
3
RTH in Region II
NMC in Region II
64K
Khabarovsk
Moscow
Centre in other region
Washington
64K
64K
MTN circuit
Regional circuit
Interregional circuit
Additional circuit
NI
24-19.2K (V.34)
Toulouse
Novosibirsk
Almaty
19.2-24K (V.34)
No implementation
Non-IP link
IP link
Internet E-mail transmission
Internet
9.6-26.4K (V.34)
NI
Ulaanbaatar
64K
CMA
PCVSAT
EUMETSAT
1M
2.4K
2M
512K
NI
64K
Kuwait
Kabul
Karachi
Internet
64K
128K
Internet
75
2M
1200
Abu-Dhabi
NI
Internet
MPLS
Melbourne
64K
64K
Internet
Kathmandu
ISDN
128K
1M
Hanoi
IMTN MDCN
MPLS
Moscow
Dhaka
128K
Internet
Cairo
64K
Internet
F/R CIR
<16/16K>
50
200
Yangon
64K
F/R CIR
<16/16K>
9.6K
Vientiane
Colombo
Sanaa
Macao
CMA
PCVSAT
100
1200
50
64K
F/R CIR
<16/16K>
Hong Kong
CMA
PCVSAT
50
128K
Internet
Muscat
64K
64K
75
NI
MPLS
Internet
Internet
Seoul
Offenbach
New Delhi
2M
Algiers
IMTN MDCN 2M
MPLS
Male
32K
F/R CIR
<16/16K>
F/R CIR
<32/32K>
2M
Thimpu
200
64K
Washington
100
Doha
Beijing
IMTN MDCN
MPLS
NI
Bahrain
64K
Internet
NI
IMTN MDCN
MPLS
2M
2M MPLS 2M
128K
50
Jeddah
50
Dushanbe
Offenbach
64K
512K
Tehran
Internet
IMTN MDCN
MPLS
Internet
768K
Tokyo
14.4K
Tashkent
NI
14.4-28.8K (V.34)
PyongYang
via Moscow
9.6-26.4K (V.34)
Baghdad
NI
via Moscow
2M
28.8-9.6K (V.34)
Bishkek
Ashgabad
IMTN-MDCN
CIR<32/768K>
14.4-28.8K (V.34)
MPLS
9.6-26.4K (V.34)
NI
512K
IMTN-MDCN
CIR<16/32K>
Manila
Bangkok
Internet
75
Phnom Penh
Singapore
F/R CIR
<16/16K>
Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia)
World
Current status as of 15 December
2007 Meteorological Organization
F/R CIR
<16/16K>
Melbourne
Kuala Lumpur
4
Satellite-based data-distribution systems:
e.g. coverage of RETIM-Africa, EUMETCast
38 RETIM receiving stations
in 18 RA I Countries
All RA I Countries equipped
with EUMETCast receiving stations
World Meteorological Organization
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Use of GTS for dissemination of Interim Tsunami Watch
Information (TWI) for the Indian Ocean issued by
Honolulu (PTWC) and Tokyo (JMA)
Washington
Exeter
Toulouse
Algiers
Dakar
Brasilia
Offenbach
Prague
Sofia
Cairo
Honolulu (PTWC)
Moscow
Beijing
Tehran
Tokyo (JMA)
New Delhi
Karachi
Dhaka
Abu-Dhabi
Yangon
Jeddah
Muscat
Bangkok
Sanaa
Djibouti
Kuala Lumpur
Male
Singapore
Colombo
Mogadiscio
Nairobi
Seychelles
Jakarta
Moroni
Dar Es Salaam
Mauritius
Antananarivo
St Denis
Pretoria
Maputo
New Amsterdam
Melbourne
Buenos Aires
Kerguelen
Tsunami Watch Information center
World Meteorological
Organization
National Meteorological Center
in the Indian Ocean
Rim
6
WMO's Action Plan for a
Fully Operational GTS for the IOTWS
Step 1 - Multidisciplinary workshop (Jakarta, March
2005) – Completed
Step 2 - GTS operational arrangements & tests for
interim TWS – Completed
Step 3 - WMO Expert missions to NMHSs – Completed
Step 4 - Implementation of upgrade to NMHSs' GTS
capabilities - Completed
Step 5 - WMO Training on GTS operations - Completed
Step 6 – Regional operational tests – Current quarterly
tests of tsunami advisories distribution by JMA
Tokyo
World Meteorological Organization
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WMO Information System (WIS)
WMO Congress decided:
–
–
An over-arching approach for solving data
management problems for all WMO and related
international programmes
A single, coordinated global infrastructure, the
WMO Information System (WIS) for the
collection and sharing of information
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS Vision
Integrated
approach for all WMO Programmes
• Routine collection and dissemination of time-critical
and operation-critical data and products:
o Real-time “push” through dedicated telecommunication
• Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:
o “Pull” through the Internet (HTTP, FTP,…)
• Timely delivery of data and products:
o Delayed mode “push” through dedicated telecommunication
means and public data networks, especially the Internet
• Unified procedures
o More efficient data exchange
• Coordinated and standardized metadata
o Interoperability between programmes
o Improved data management
o ISO 191xxx series for geographic information
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS
World Radiation Centre
International Organizations
(IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )
Regional Instrument
Centres
IRI, Hadley Centre, and
other climate research
centres; Universities;
Regional Climate Centres
(CIIFEN, etc.)
GAW World Data Centres
GCOS Data Centres
Global Run-off Data Centre
DCPC
NC
Global Precip. Climatology
Centre
NC
NC/
DCPC
NC/
DCPC
Commercial
Service Providers
NC
NC
GISC
NC
GISC
GISC
International
Projects
(e.g. GMES
HALO)
NC
DCPC
internet
NC
DCPC
GISC
GISC
Satellite
Two-Way Systems
Satellite
Dissemination
(IGDDS, RETIM,
etc)
NC
World Meteorological Organization
WMO World
Data Centres
NC
NC
Real-time “push”
On-demand “pull”
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WIS brings new features and opportunities
• Common information exchange standards,
functions
and services for all WMO
programmes
• Inter-disciplinary discovery, retrieval and
exchange of information in real-time and
non-real time
• Inter-operability through on-line catalogues
using metadata based on ISO 19100
(geographic information standard)
• Industry standards and off-the-shelf
hardware and software systems to ensure
cost-effectiveness and compatibility
World Meteorological Organization
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What will a NMHS gain from the WIS?
1.
Improved forecasting/warning services
•
2.
Faster and more cost-effective exchange of operationcritical information;
Improved and expanded range of services
•
Discovery and access to new data and products:
o
3.
Satellite data and products, ensemble prediction products,
climate predictions, oceanographic data and products,
operational, and research data and products, reports,
publications
Strengthened role as national service provider
•
Ability to “push” to national users critical information:
o
4.
Warnings, advisories, selected measurements, etc.; (eg:
national agencies dealing in disaster mitigation, agriculture,
energy and water management,)
Better appreciation by partner agencies
•
Supports their “pulling” relevant information from WMO
World Meteorological Organization
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Structure of WIS
Functional centres:
• National Centres (NC)
• Global Information System Centres (GISC)
• Data Collection or Production Centres (DCPC)
and
• Data communication networks
WIS concerns only information exchange and data
management functions
World Meteorological Organization
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Structure of WIS
Functional centres interconnected by data
communication networks:
• National Centres (NC)
– Links national data providers and users to regional and global data
exchange nodes, and administrates access to WIS
• Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC)
– Provides for regional and international exchange of WMO programmes’
data and products
– Supports data and information push and pull
• Global Information System Centres (GISC)
– Provides for global exchange of data and products
– Collects and provides metadata for all data and products
– Supports data and information discovery and pull
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS, a key issue: interoperability
Interoperability enables the discovery,
the retrieval and the usage of the data
9It needs the development and the
implementation of relevant Metadata
standards
9Development of a WMO Metadata Profile of
the ISO 191xx series for geographic
information
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS SERVICES
WIS provide three types of services to meet the
different requirements:
(1)
Routine collection and dissemination service
for time-critical and operation-critical data and
products:
Based on real-time “push” mechanism (incl. Multicast);
implemented essentially through dedicated telecommunication means
with guaranteed quality of service, e.g. leased circuits, dedicated
data communication network services and satellite-based datadistribution systems;
(2) Data Discovery, Access and Retrieval service:
Based on request/reply “pull” mechanism with relevant data
management functions; implemented essentially through the Internet
(HTTP, FTP,…);
(3) Timely delivery service for data and products:
Based on delayed mode “push” mechanism; implemented through a
combination of dedicated telecommunication means and of public data
networks, especially the Internet.
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS DATA-COMMUNICATIONS IMPLEMENTATION
(for weather, water, climate and related data and products)
DAR
Essentially through
the Internet
(HTTP, FTP, VPN…)
WIS
Essentially through
telecom. with
guaranteed quality of
GTS service, e.g. leased
circuits, dedicated data
com network services,
sat.-based systems, ..
Data pull
Essentially through
satellite based data IGDDS
distribution
systems, e.g. DVB-S
WIS/GTS: for time and operation-critical data & products
WIS/IGDDS: for space-based data & products
WIS/DAR: data discovery, access and retrieval
Data push: routine distribution of data & products
Data pull: access to and retrieval of data &World
products
Meteorological Organization
Data push
17
IGDDS within the WIS
LEO satellites
GEO satellites
Global data
(recorded/dumped)
in the region
R&D
Polar orbiting satellites
Network of HRPT stations
satellites
RARS
Satellite
products
Local
processing
Central
processing
Data exchange with
other DCPCs
Central
processing
Local
processing
Local
processing
Regional processing
DCPC
Data, metadata & user
management
GISC
Interoperability
(Data, metadata and user
management)
Routine Dissemination
Request/
Request/reply
reply
(Internet)
(Internet)
ADM
ADM
Other
Other
media
media
Request/
Request/reply
reply
(Internet)
(Internet)
National centres and other users
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS implementation
• Part A: GTS Evolution into WIS
– Provides consolidation/improvement for timecritical and operation-critical data
– Includes extension to meet operational
requirements of all WMO programmes in addition
to World Weather Watch
• Part B: Extension to WIS
– Provides for an extension of the information
services through flexible data discovery, access
and retrieval services to all users, as well as
flexible timely delivery services
World Meteorological Organization
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Jan-03
Feb-03
Mar-03
Apr-03
May-03
Jun-03
Jul-03
Aug-03
Sep-03
Oct-03
Nov-03
Dec-03
Jan-04
Feb-04
Mar-04
Apr-04
May-04
Jun-04
Jul-04
Aug-04
Sep-04
Oct-04
Nov-04
Dec-04
Jan-05
Feb-05
Mar-05
Apr-05
May-05
Jun-05
Jul-05
Aug-05
Sep-05
Oct-05
Nov-05
Dec-05
Jan-06
Feb-06
Mar-06
Apr-06
Megabytes
Jan-03
Data input
Nov-04
Apr-06
Mar-06
Feb-06
Jan-06
Dec-05
Nov-05
Oct-05
Sep-05
Aug-05
Jul-05
Jun-05
May-05
Apr-05
Mar-05
Feb-05
Jan-05
Dec-04
Messages input
Oct-04
Sep-04
Aug-04
Jul-04
Jun-04
May-04
Apr-04
Mar-04
Feb-04
Jan-04
Dec-03
Nov-03
Oct-03
Sep-03
Aug-03
Jul-03
Jun-03
May-03
Apr-03
Mar-03
Feb-03
Thousands
The GTS: continued improvements
Frost 24 hour message volumes input & output
6000.0
Messages output
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
Frost 24 hour data volumes input and output
14000.0
Data output
12000.0
10000.0
8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS Implementation – accomplishments
9 Continued GTS upgrades (IMTN, satellite-based datacast,..)
9 WMO Core metadata
9 Internet portal
9 Basic data acquisition, discovery and push-pull
services
9 GISC prototype: RA VI VGISC project
9 DCPCs prototypes:
9 ECMWF & EUMETSAT associated with VGISC project
9 NCAR (Boulder)
9 NODC (Obninsk) for JCOMM related data
9 IGDDS (Space-based data)
9Asia-Pacific VPN pilot project
9Technical Conference on WIS (Korea, 6-8
November 2006); VGISC & DCPC prototype demo
World Meteorological Organization
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European Virtual GISC Project
Operational early 2009
World Meteorological Organization
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Key Future Milestones
• Consolidate plans on development, governance
and implementation of WIS: 2008-2009
• Develop WIS regulatory documentation and
guidance for implementation (GISC & DCPCs
interfaces,user interface): 2008
• Develop scheme and practices for security,
authentication and authorization procedures for
WIS services : 2008-2009
• Implementation of first operational GISC: 1Q 2009
• Implementation of other operational GISCs: 2009
- 2011
• Implementation of DCPCs: 2008-2011
• Outreach & Capacity building: 2008-2011
World Meteorological Organization
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WIS contribution to GEO
W
WM
MO
O
Weather
Weather
Domain
Domain
Climate
Climate
Domain
Domain
Water
Water
Domain
Domain
W
W II SS
Internet
Internet
GEOGEONetCast
NetCast
GTS
GTS
IGDDS
IGDDS
G
GEEO
O
Health
Health
Energy
Energy
Disasters
Disasters
Weather
Weather
Climate
Climate
Ecosystems
Ecosystems
Water
Water
Agriculture
Agriculture
Biodiversity
Biodiversity
World Meteorological Organization
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Radio Frequency spectrum for Weather,
Water and Climate monitoring
Prime importance of specific radiocommunication
services for meteorological and related
environmental activities for:
¾ prevention, detection, early warning and
mitigation of natural and technological (manmade) disasters
¾ safety of life and property
¾ protection of the environment
¾ climate change studies and scientific research,
World Meteorological Organization
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Importance of radiocommunications for
weather, water and climate operation and
research
World Meteorological Organization
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Radiocommunication Services used for
weather, water and climate sciences and
operations
• Specific radiocommunication services:
–
–
–
–
Meteorological Aids Service
Meteorological-Satellite Service
Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (passive)
Earth Exploration-Satellite Service (active)
• As special systems of generic radiocommunication
services:
– Meteorological weather radars and Wind-profiler radars of the
Radiolocation Service
• As users of Radiocommunication Services:
– Fixed Service, Mobile Service, etc.
World Meteorological Organization
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Radio Frequency spectrum for Weather, Water
and Climate monitoring
WMO and its 187 Members (National
Meteorological and Hydrological Services
and related entities) do their utmost at
national, regional and international levels
to ensure the availability and protection
of suitable RF bands for weather, water
and climate monitoring, with particular
attention to bands that are a unique
natural resource for passive sensing
World Meteorological Organization
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Thank you
more information at:
http://www.wmo.int/pages/index_en.html
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/index_en.html
World Meteorological Organization
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