ITU Workshop on Tariff Policies, Tariff Models
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ITU Workshop on Tariff Policies, Tariff Models and Methodologies for the determination of costs of services provided with NGN Geneva, September 8, 2008 The Architecture of NGN and ITU-D SG2 Q19-1/2 on “migration from existing networks to NGN for developing countries” Souheil Marine Digital Bridge Manager, Alcatel-Lucent Rapporteur of ITU-D SG2 Question 19-1/2 International Telecommunication Union Presentation Outline NGN and its « building blocks » A view of ITU-T proposed migration scenarios Q19-1/2 ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 2 Why NGN… After All ? NGN will not come as a sudden thunder in a blue sky ! Essential “building blocks”: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Voice over IP Broadband access Multiple Services with Broadband access (triple play,…) And…in many developing countries the necessity to have a national backbone with enough capability NGN architecture is a « natural consequence » of the above building blocks: ¾ It systemizes and generalizes the offer of any service from a single network over any kind of access and,.. ¾ It dramatically improves overall network efficiency and reduces OPEX costs ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 3 Building Blocks (1): Voice over IP Voice over IP is no more a « hacker’s gadget » to circumvent « regular » voice service at a cheaper price! ¾ Offered with broadband access with the same quality of service and using a legacy numbering plan (E.164) ¾ Offered by newcomers as well as incumbents ¾ Largely used for long distance traffic ¾ Robust SoftSwitch technology ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 4 Building Blocks (2): Broadband Access Universal broadband access is now available in many technological flavors: ¾ Wireline: DSL, Fiber, Cable ¾ Wireless: 2G+, 3G and WiMAX with ultimately LTE 4G Do not discard any technology ! ¾ Pragmatic approach adapted to local needs and context ¾ Wireless for rural/suburban areas but also urban areas for mobile broadband (high-end users) ¾ Wireline when copper is available (DSL) but also for new buildings and neighborhoods (Fiber) Rule of thumb: at any given time the best wireline access provides 10x bandwidth of the best wireless access ¾ Radio is wonderful but it is a limited and scarce resource! ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 5 Building Blocks (3.1): Triple play and…more Broadband “access pipe” leveraged to provide TV and Voice in addition to Internet access ¾ Recent development of Quad-play involving mobile access when subscribers leaves his home network ¾ And…likely more to come Triple-play is above all an innovative marketing to develop broadband take-up among « non-techie » customers seeking a good bargain for their “global telecom bill”: ¾ Example: figure of 29.99€/month all inclusive in France! High Definition TV seen as the lever for FTTH/x Triple-play is the first step towards a multi-service NGN-like architecture ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 6 Building Blocks (3.2): Triple play and…more Sample technical architecture ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 7 Building Blocks (4.1): Backbones The planet is full of International Fiber Submarine cables and the sector is booming with new projects! ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 8 Building Blocks (4.2): Backbones But the « devil hides in the details » and the crux is the lack of a national (Fiber) Backbone in many developing countries! Possible solution: ¾ Infrastructure sharing on the basis of an “open access model” to develop national Fiber Backbone in developing countries ¾ Open access means that the owner of the “bottleneck facility” does not compete in the downstream market Sharing could take place at any level of the Fiber: ¾ Physical: Ducts, Poles, Dark Fiber, RF Channels ¾ Transport: ATM PVC, Ethernet VLANs ¾ Services: VPNs For more details see discussion paper at ITU’s 8th GSR ¾ http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/Events/Seminars/GSR/GSR08/papers.html (paper N° 2). ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 9 NGN Architecture: A bit of History Introduced first by 3GPP for 3G mobile (UMTS) networks: IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). ¾ Release 5 of UMTS specifications Extended to xDSL fixed access by ETSI TISPAN architecture ¾ Release 1 of TISPAN architecture Work on ITU-T that leverage and generalizes the above efforts with a more ambitious and telecom-minded perspective ¾ Release 1 of ITU-T NGN architecture All architectures share the same principles of layered separation between transport and control. ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 10 NGN Architecture: Functional view of ITU-T Release 1 ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 11 Presentation Outline NGN and its « building blocks » A view of ITU-T proposed migration scenarios Q19-1/2 ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 12 Some Terminology Evolution to NGN: A process in which whole or parts of the existing networks are replaced or upgraded to the corresponding NGN components providing similar or better functionality, while attempting to maintain the services provided by the original network and the possibility of additional capabilities ¾ From ITU-T specification Y.2261: PSTN/ISDN Evolution to NGN. Migration to NGN synonymous to evolution to NGN SoftSwitch and Call Server terms synonymous ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 13 The NGN Migration Problematic Developing countries characterized by: ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Growth of their voice service market Dilemma to grow with legacy PSTN/ISDN or with NGN Inter-working with existing legacy equipment Seamless continuity of services Plus the possibilities offered through NGN migration to grow new markets (broadband, triple-play) and enrich infrastructure competition between distinct access platforms Need for a phased approach for operators with existing legacy equipment ¾ Example scenarios from specification Y.2261 ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 14 Migration Scenarios Envisaged by Y.2261 Call Server (SoftSwitch) based approach of the Core network with three variants (scenarios): ¾ Scenario 1: Migration starts from Local Exchanges (LE) ¾ Scenario 2: Migration starts from Transit Exchanges (TE) ¾ Scenario 3: One-step approach One step evolution of the core network to IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) xDSL Access network evolution to NGN ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 15 Core network consolidation before migration Reduce number of LE and transfer of affected user access modules (UAM), Private Automatic Branch Exchanges (PABX) and Access Network to remaining LEs. UAM AN UAM P S T N /IS D N LE LE PABX PABX TE UAM AN AN TE TE UAM LE LE AN PABX PABX UAM UAM AN LE P S T N /IS D N PABX RUAM LE AN PABX TE TE TE RUAM AN AN PABX PABX V o ic e S ig n a ll in g ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 16 Step 1 Scenario 1: Migration from LE ¾ Some of the LEs are replaced by Access Gateways (AG) controlled by a Call Server (CS). ¾ Access elements originally connected to the removed LEs, are now directly connected to AGs : PABXs and Access Nodes (AN). ¾ User Access Modules Functionality (UAM) assumed by AG and CS. ¾ Trunking Media Gateways (TMG) and Signaling Gateways (SG) are deployed for interconnection between the PSN and the TEs of the legacy network as well as other operators' PSTNs/ISDNs. ¾ AGs and TMGs are all controlled by the CS. Step 2 ¾ Remaining LEs are replaced by the AGs, ¾ Transit Exchanges (TE)s are removed and their control functions are performed by CS. ¾ TMGs and SGs are deployed for interconnection between PSN and other operators' PSTNs/ISDNs. ¾ AGs and TMGs are all controlled by the CS. ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 17 UAM AN UAM LE P S T N /IS D N AN LE PABX PABX TE UAM AN TE TE UAM AN LE LE PABX PABX P S T N /IS D N UAM AN LE TE TE UAM TE LE PABX AN PABX CS TM G SG P a c k e t S w itc h e d N e tw o rk TM G AN AN AG AG PABX AG PABX CS AN AG AG PABX AN PABX PABX P a c k e t S w itc h e d N e tw o rk AG AG TM G SG AN PABX B e a r e r a n d S ig n a llin g t r a f f ic f r o m o t h e r o p e ra to r ’s P S T N ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 AN V o ic e S ig n a llin g D a ta NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 18 Scenario 2: Migration from TE Step 1 ¾ All TE functions are performed by the TMGs and the SGs under the control of the CS. ¾ LEs are connected to the Packet Switched Network (PSN) via TMGs and SGs. ¾ TMGs & SGs are deployed for interconnection between PSN and other operators’ PSTNs/ISDNs. ¾ AGs & TMGs are all controlled by CS. Step 2 ¾ All LEs are replaced by AG controlled by CS ¾ Access elements originally connected to the removed LEs, are now directly connected to AGs : PABXs and Access Nodes (AN). ¾ User Access Modules Functionality (UAM) assumed by AG and CS. ¾ TMGs & SGs are deployed for interconnection between PSN and other operators’ PSTNs/ISDNs. ¾ AGs & TMGs are all controlled by CS. ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 19 UAM UAM AN P S T N /IS D N LE AN LE PABX PABX TE UAM AN TE TE UAM AN LE LE PABX PABX UAM UAM CS AN LE SG SG PABX LE PABX P a c k e t S w it c h e d N e tw o r k UAM LE TM G TM G LE AN UAM AN SG TM G AN PABX PABX B e a r e r a n d S ig n a l l i n g t r a f f i c f r o m o t h e r o p e r a t o r ’s P S T N CS AG PABX AN PABX AG AG AG P a c k e t S w it c h e d N e tw o rk AG AG TM G SG B e a r e r a n d S ig n a llin g tr a ff ic f r o m o th e r o p e ra t o r ’s P S T N ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 PABX AN PABX V o ic e S ig n a llin g D a ta NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 20 Scenario 3: One-Step Approach LEs are replaced by the AGs and their functions are transferred to the AGs and the CS. All access elements such as user access modules (UAMs), remote user access modules (RUAMs), and private automatic branch exchanges (PABXs) are connected to access gateways (AGs). The access networks (ANs) are either replaced by the access gateways (AGs) or are connected to packet based network (PBN) through the AGs. Transit gateways (TMGs) under the control of the call server (CS), and the signalling gateways (SGs), are deployed to replace the TE functions and provide interconnection between PSN and other operators’ PSTNs/ISDNs. ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 21 UAM UAM AN P S T N /IS D N LE AN LE PABX PABX TE UAM AN TE TE UAM AN LE LE PABX PABX CS AG PABX AN PABX AG AG AG P a c k e t S w itc h e d N e tw o rk AG AG TM G SG B e a r e r a n d S ig n a llin g t r a f f ic f r o m o t h e r o p e r a t o r ’s P S T N ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 PABX AN PABX V o ic e S ig n a llin g D a ta NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 22 IMS-based evolution to NGN PSTN/ISDN evolves directly to a PSN based on the IMS core network architecture. End-users access the network using NGN user equipment or legacy user equipment connected via an AG. Transit and signalling gateways (TMGs & SGs) are deployed for interconnection between the NGN and other operators’ PSTNs/ISDNs. Concurrent CS-based and IMS-based evolution to NGN implementations can occur when an existing operator deploys a separate IMS-based network for new services and supports the remainder of the services using a CS-based approach. These two types of network implementations need to interoperate. Interoperation is possible if SIP is used, but this is beyond the scope of recommendation Y.2261. ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 23 U AM U AM AN LE P S T N /IS D N LE P AB X AN P AB X TE U AM AN TE TE U AM LE LE P AB X AN P AB X AN IM S AG P AB X AN AG P AB X V o ic e P a c k e t S w itc h e d N e tw o rk TM G S ig n a llin g ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 SG V o IP NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 24 What remains of the PSTN/ISDN services: Emulation or Simulation ? Emulation refers to the Provision of most of the existing PSTN/ISDN service capabilities and interfaces using adaptation to an IP infrastructure. ¾ Only a sub-set of PSTN/ISDN could be supported. Simulation refers to the same service provision as above but there is no guarantee that all features are provided. ¾ New features and capabilities may be provided with respect to legacy PSTN/ISDN. Specification Y.2262 specifies two types of adaptation functions (ADF) for legacy access equipment ¾ ADF1 for simulation ¾ ADF2 for emulation ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 25 ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 26 Emulation is complex: Call Server-based PSTN/ISDN Emulation Service (CS-PES) Components Access Call Server (ACS) ¾ Controls Access Gateways (AG), subscriber registration and call control Breakout Call Server (BCS) ¾ Controls Trunking Media Gateways (TMG)to interwork with PSTN/ISDN IMS Call Server (ICS) ¾ Controls interconnection Border Gateway to interwork with Packetbased networks (NGN, IP Multimedia, Internet) Gateway Call Server (GCS) ¾ Ensures interoperability between among CS-PESs to provide end-to-end services Routing Call Server (RCS) ¾ Provides routing function between call servers ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 27 Emulation Call Server ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 28 Presentation Outline NGN and its « building blocks » A view of ITU-T proposed migration scenarios Q19-1/2 ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 29 Question 19: History First established during study period 2002-2006 and reconducted for the 2006-2010 period Renewed interest from ITU member countries: ¾ Cross-cutting theme in most of BDT programs (WTDC-06, Doha) ¾ Resolutions 101 and GT-PLEN/3 at PP-06 in Antalya But… dramatic lack of contributions and participation of developing countries delegates to the Question’s meetings ! ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Lack of expertise ?! Lack of awareness of the question’s urgency ?! Lack of resources allocated to NGN issues ?! Probably a mixture of all of the above ! ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 30 Question 19: Agenda and Expected Outcomes Agenda ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Trends of Telecommunication networks Examination of NGN technologies Methodologies and Planning Migration solutions to NGN Outcomes ¾ Yearly progress report ¾ Report on methodologies and planning ¾ Set of guidelines for migration from existing networks to NGN ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 31 Achievements to Date An analysis of NGN technology and migration ¾ Chapter 3 « NGN technologies » of ITU « Trends in Telecom Reform: The road to Next Generation Networks » A Questionnaire sent to administrations and sector members ¾ See http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/CDS/gq/sgq19-1-2.html ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 32 Q19 Questionnaire (Posted April 2008): Broadband Access Broadband DSL: ¾ What is the status of DSL deployment in your country/network (number and geographical distribution) ? ¾ Are there any unbundling obligations for the last mile copper access ? Specify type of unbundling: full, line sharing, bit stream Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) and Fiber: ¾ Have you deployed or is there any plan to deploy BWA or Fiber ? ¾ If yes, what are the targeted areas for each and nature of enduser services ? ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 33 Q19 Questionnaire: VoIP & Triple-Play Is VoIP service legal ? ¾ If No, are you planning to eventually legalize ? Are you planning to introduce any sort of explicitely branded VoIP services What services did you provide through broadand access ? ¾ Are you providing triple (or more) play services over Broadband access ? ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 34 Q19 Questionnaire: NGN Migration (voice) at Transit (Int’l and National) Are you using or planning to use VoIP for Int’l calls? ¾ If yes, what percentage of incoming/outgoing Int’l traffic is impacted ? Are you deploying your own SoftSwitches/media gateways or using those of an international VoIP provider? Do you have a national IP backbone ? Are you using or planning to use VoIP for national calls (transit level)? What are the reasons of your choice? ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Availability/Unavailability of an IP backbone? Irrelevant/lower prices for national calls? New/Obsolete legacy PSTN/ISDN equipment? Other? ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 35 Q19 Questionnaire: NGN Migration (voice) at Access and IMS evolution Are you using Loop Emulation Service over a DSL access? Did you migrate to next generation Multi-Service Access concentration equipment (MSAN) associated with a Class 5 SoftSwitch ? ¾ If yes, is this because of the obsolescence of your legacy equipment? ¾ What kind of last mile access (FTTH, FTTx, or copper) are you using with your MSAN What are your views on the maturity of IMS-like architectures and your willingness to move to them? ¾ If yes, what drivers: new revenues, migration of new customers, other? ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 36 Concluding Remarks (1) Y.2261, Y.2262 and Y.2271 provides some functional guidelines for NGN migration with a focus on emulating existing PSTN/ISDN network ¾ Scenarios proposed well adapted to the context of legacy operator willing to move their services as they exist to NGN ¾ But a bit less to new entrants: reality of NGN voice services by new entrants leans towards simulation rather than emulation Developing countries must contribute more effectively to this standardization effort to take into account their specific conditions ¾ Legacy PSTN/ISDN infrastructure generally more modern than in developed countries but… ¾ Growth needs more acute: grow with Emulation, Simulation or…leapfrog to IMS ? ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 37 Concluding Remarks (2) The work of Q19-1/2 is well advanced in the first two terms of its agenda ¾ Trends of Telecommunication networks ¾ Examination of NGN technologies We have a lack of contributions for the third ¾ Methodologies and Planning In order to properly finalize the fourth (migration solutions) and establish the main outcome (guidelines for migration) we need developing countries contributions at least through answers to the questionnaire This question illustrates the fact that developing countries participation not only needed to bridge the standardization gap but also to contribute to pertinent standardization adopted to their needs ¾ The best experts of developed countries cannot help you if you do not contribute to questions that primarily concerns you! ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 38 Thank you for your attention! Questions ? Souheil Marine Digital Bridge Manager Alcatel-Lucent souheil.marine@alcatel-lucent.fr http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/digitalbridge ITU-D SG1 Workshop on NGN Tariff Policies, Geneva, 8 September 2008 NGN Architecture and Q19-1/2, Souheil Marine 39