The United States Government Mannal
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THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES
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THE CONSTITUTION
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LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
JUDICIAL BRANCH
THE PRESIDENT
THE SUPREME COURT OF THE
UNITED STATES
THE CONGRESS
SENATE
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THE VICE PRESIDENT
HOUSE
UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS
TERRITORIAL COURTS
UNITEO STATES COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE
ARMED FORCES
UNITED STATES TAX COURT
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR VETERANS CLAIMS
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OFTHE
UNITED STATES COURTS
FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER
UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL
UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN
GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS,
CONGRESSIONAL BUOGET OFFICE
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DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE
OEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE
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DEPARTMENT OF
THE INTERIOR
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WHITE HOUSE OFFICE
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
OFFICE OF THE VICE.PRESIDENT
OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY
COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC AOVlSERS
OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT
COUNCIL ON ENViRONMENTAL QUALITY
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATION
OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES
TRADE REPRESENTATIVE
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DEPARTMENT OF
DEFENSE
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DEPARTMENT OF
JUSTICE
DEPARTMENT OF
LABOR
OFRCE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
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DEPARTMENT OF
EDUCATION
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DEPARTMENT OF
ENERGY
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. DEPARTMENT OF
HEALTH AND HUMAN
SERVICES
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DEPARTMENT OF
STATE
DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION
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DEPARTMENT OF
HOMELAND
SECURITY
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DEPARTMENT OF
VETERANS AFFAIRS
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DEPARTMENT OF
THE TREASURY
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INDEPENDENT ESTABLISHMENTS AND GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS
ADMINISTRATIVE CONFERENCE OFTHE UNITED STATES
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION
BROADCASnNG BOARD OF GOVERNORS
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMM!SSION
CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION
CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE
DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION
EXPORHMPORT BANK OFTHE UNITED STATE~
FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION
FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION
FEDERAL HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY
FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS Al!TliORITY
FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION
FEDERAL MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE
FEDERAl MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION
FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM
FEDERAL RETlREMENTTHRIFT INVESTMENT BOARD
FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION
MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD
NATIONAL AERONAjJTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSION
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NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANmES
PEACE CORPS
PENSION BENEFIT GUARANTY CORPORATION
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
NATIONAL MEDJATION BOARD
NATIONAL RAILAOA[) PASSENGER CORPORATION (AMTRAK)
NATIONAL SCIENCE'FOUNDATION
NATIONAL-TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD
NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
OCCUPATIONAl SAFETY'AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS
OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
OFFICE OF SPECIAL COUNSEL
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT-CORPORATION
POSTAL REGULATORY COMMISSION
RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM
SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
TENNESSEEVAUEY AUTHORITY
TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
UNITED smTES COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS
UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION
UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE
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""ARTMENT
OF
HOUSING
AND URBAN
DEVELOPMENT
The United States Government Manual
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE·
~
OFFICE OF ,
PUBLIC AFfAIRS
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OFACEOF
BUSINESS LIAISON
IN~PEC1OR
SECRETARY
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR ADMINISTRATION
SECRETARIAT
OFFice OF
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WHITE HOUSE UA1SON
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GENERAL
CHIEF ANANCIAl OfFICER ANO
DEPUTY SECRETARY
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GENERAL COUNSEL
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ASSISTANT SECl'!ETAF!Y FOR
LEGISLATIVE AND
INTERGOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS
CHIEF OF STAFF
CHIEF INFORMATION
OFFICE-OF POliCY AND
STRATEGIC PLANNING
. OFFICER
,
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND
ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
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UNDER
FOR
lNTERNATlONAL TRADE
UNDER SECRETARy'FOR
UNDER SECRETARY FOR
ECONOMIC AFFAIRS
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UNDER SECRETARY
AND ADMINISTRATOR
SEC~ETARY
..
INDUSTRY AND SECURITY
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
ADMINISTRATION
DIRECTOR
NATIONAL INSTrrUTE Of
STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
ECONOMIC ANO STATISTICS
ADMINISTRPJION
BUREAU OF
INDUSTRY AND SECURITY
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ASSISTANT SECRETl'\RY
FOR OCEANS AND
ATMOSPHERE ANO
DEPUTY
ADMINISTRATOR
ASSISTANT SECRElAfI'(
FOR MARKET ACCESS
AND COMPLIANCE
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR IMPORT
ADMINIS1FIATION
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR TRADE.PROMOTION
AND DIRECTOR GENERAl.
UNITED STATES
AND FOAEIGN
COMMERCiAl SERVICE
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR
MANUFACTURING
AND SERVICES
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR EXPORT
ADMINISTRATION
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR EXPORT
ENF.ORCEMENT
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CflIEF·ECONOMIST
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DIRECTOR
8UREAUOF
THE CENSUS
DIRECTOR
8UREAUOF
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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.
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ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL DIRECTOR
MINCRllY BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
2
ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR COMMUNICATIONS
AND INFORMATION
NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS
AND INFORMATION
ADMINISTRATION
DIRECTOR
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE
UNDER SECRETARY FOR
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
AND DIRECTOR
UNITED STATES PATENT
AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Federal Courts and What They Do
The Court Systems of the United States
The Federal Courts
, - - -->
Regional
U.S. Courts
of Appeals
U.S. District
Courts
~
U.S. Court
ofInternational
Trade
The State Courts
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Supreme
Courts
U.S. Court
ofAppeals
for the Federal
Circuit
~
Bankruptcy
Judges
The Supreme Court
of the United States
U.S. Court
of Federal
Claims
Intermediate
Courts
of Appeals
General
Jurisdiction
Trial
Courts
U.S. Magistrate
Judges
Administrative
Agencies
3
Limited and
Specialized
Jurisdiction
Courts
The United States Government Manual
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/plqifGOVMAN-2012-12-07/xml/GOVMAN-2012-12-07-268.xrnI
The United States Government Manual
Executive Branch: Departments
United States Patent and Trademark Office
http://www. uspto. gov
600 Dulany Street, Arlington, VA 22313
571-272-8400
Title
Name
Under Secretary for Intellectual Property and Director
David Kappos
Deputy Under Secretary for Intellectual Property and Deputy Director Teresa Stanek Rea
Commissioner for Patents
Robert Stoll
Commissioner for Trademarks
Lynne G. Beresford
[For the Patent and Trademark Office statement oforganization, see the Federal Register of Apr. 14, 1975, 40 FR
16707]
The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) was established by the act of July 19,
1952 (35 U.s.C. I) to promote the progress of science and the useful arts by securing for limited
times to inventors the exclusive right to their respective discoveries for a certain period of time
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The UiJited States Government Manual
(Article I, Section 8 of the United States Constitution). The registration of trademarks is based on
the commerce clause of the u.s. Constitution.
USPTO examines and issues patents. There are three major patent categories: utility patents,
design patents, and plant patents. USPTO also issues statutory invention registrations and
processes international patent applications.
Through the registration of trademarks, USPTO assists businesses in protecting their investments,
promoting goods and services, and safeguarding consumers against confusion and deception in the
marketplace. A trademark includes any distinctive word, name, symbol, device, or any
combination thereof adopted and used or intended to be used by a manufacturer or merchant to
identifY his goods or services and distinguish them from those manufactured or sold by others.
Trademarks are examined by the Office for compliance with various statutory requirements to
prevent unfair competition and consumer deception.
In addition to the examination of patent and trademark applications, issuance of patents, and
registration of trademarks, USPTO advises and assists government agencies and officials in
matters involving all domestic and global aspects of intellectual property. USPTO also promotes
an understanding of intellectual property protection.
USPTO provides public access to patent, trademark, and related scientific and technical
information. Patents and trademarks may be freely reviewed and searched online at
www.uspto.gov or at designated Patent and Trademark Depository Libraries. There are 80 Patent
and Trademark Depository Libraries located within the United States and the territory of Puerto
Rico. Additionally, USPTO's Scientific and Technical Information Center in Alexandria, VA,
houses over 120,000 volumes of scientific and technical books in various languages; 90,000
bound volumes of periodicals devoted to science and technology; the official journals of 77
foreign patent organizations; and over 40 million foreign patents on paper, microfIlm, microfiche,
and CD-ROM.
Patents
The United States Patent and Trademark Office has priority programs for advancement of
examination of certain patent applications where the invention could materially enhance the
quality of the environment of mankind. For further information, contact the Commissioner for
Patents, Office of Petitions, Washington, DC 20231. Phone, 703-305-9282.
General Information
General Information Concerning Patents, Basic Facts About Trademarks, Official Gazette of the
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http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pJqyGOVMAN-20l2-l2-07/xml/GOVMAN-2012-12-07-268.xml
The United States Government Manual
United States Patent and Trademark Office, and Attorneys and Agents Registered To Practice
Before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office are available from the Government Printing Office.
Publications can be accessed through the Internet at www.uspto.gov. Phone, 703-308-4357, or
800-786-9199.
For further information, contact the Office ofPublic Affairs, United States Patent and Trademark Office, 600 Dulany
Street, Alexandria, VA 22314. Phone, 571-272-8400.
http://www.uspto.gov
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MIT OpenCourseWare
http://ocw.mit.edu
15.628J / 6.903J Patents, Copyrights, and the Law of Intellectual Property
Spring 2013
For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms.