ICT and E-Business Branch
UNCTAD – United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
ITU-UNESCAP-APT Capacity Building Workshop
Information Society Statistics: Core ICT Indicators
Bangkok, 6-8 November 2007
ICT sector and ICT trade:
Trends and surveys
Dr. Susan Teltscher
Chief, ICT Policy and Analysis Unit
ICT and E-Business Branch, SITE
UNCTAD
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 1
This presentation
• Recent trends in ICT trade
• ICT sector surveys – challenges
• UNCTAD questionnaire on the ICT
sector
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 2
Billion USD
Exports of ICT goods 1996-2005
1'600
1'514
1'400
1'368
1'200
1'129
1'112
1'000
997
808
800
907
976
813
702
600
400
200
1996
World
1997
1998
1999
Developed economies
2000
2001
2002
2003
Developing economies
2004
2005
Economies in transition
Source: UN Comtrade
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007
/3
Source: UNCTAD
(2006)
Top 10 exporters of ICT goods (2006)
350
300
60
250
200
40
150
100
20
50
30
10
50
0
ng
ap
or
e
G
er
m
U
an
ni
y
te
d
Ki
ng
Ko
do
re
C
a
m
,R
hi
na
ep
,T
ub
ai
lic
w
an
of
Pr
ov
in
ce
of
M
al
ay
sia
Si
Ja
pa
n
R
SA
Ko
ng
on
g
C
hi
na
,H
U
ni
te
d
St
C
at
es
hi
na
0
growth rate 2006-2005 (per cent)
Billion USD
World top ten exporters of ICT goods
Source: UNCTAD, based on COMTRADE
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 4
Top 10 exporters of ICT goods (2006)
30
350
250
20
150
10
50
Si
ng
Ko
ap
re
or
C
a,
hi
e
R
na
e
,T
pu
ai
bl
w
ic
an
of
Pr
ov
in
ce
of
M
al
ay
sia
Th
ai
la
nd
Ph
ili p
pi
ne
s
In
do
ne
sia
C
-250
Ja
pa
n
R
SA
Ko
ng
hi
na
,H
-150
on
g
C
-50
hi
na
0
growth rate 2006-2005 (per cent)
Billion USD
Top ten Asian exporters of ICT goods
-10
-20
Source: UNCTAD, based on COMTRADE
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 5
ICT goods exports - China
1689%
1351%
1014%
676%
338%
0%
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Merchandise exports (1996 = 100%)
ICT goods exports (1996 = 100%)
Source: UNCTAD 2007, based on UN Comtrade
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 6
Billion USD
Trade in ICT goods: the emerging South
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Exports from developed to developed economies
Exports from developed to developing economies
Exports from developing to developed economies
Exports from developing to developing economies
Source: UNCTAD 2007,based on UN Comtrade
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 7
Trade in ICT goods: the emerging South
Exports from
2005 value of ICT goods
exports (million USD)
CAGR (%) 20002005
CAGR (%) 20002003
CAGR (%) 20032005
Share (%) of world
exports of ICT
goods in 2005
Developed to developed
economies
455'118
1.3
-2.9
11.1
30.1
Developed to developing
economies
239'541
-2.5
-6.8
11.8
15.8
Developed to transition
economies
20'300
70.7
52.3
33.0
1.3
Developing to developed
economies
379'856
13.0
6.2
16.7
25.1
Developing to developing
economies
410'554
16.8
7.5
23.0
27.1
Developing to transition
economies
4'291
70.6
52.4
32.6
0.3
Transition to developed
economies
1'710
-22.5
-23.2
2.5
0.1
Transition to developing
economies
889
0.8
-1.6
6.3
0.1
Transition to transition
economies
716
13.6
7.8
14.2
0.0
Source: UNCTAD 2007,based on UN Comtrade
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 8
225
80
185
60
145
40
105
65
20
25
growth rate 2004-2005 (per cent)
Billion USD
Top ten exporters of ICT-enabled services
0
-15
Un
-55
d
ite
S
s
e
t
ta
Un
d
ite
K
om
d
ing
rm
e
G
y
an
an
p
Ja
nd
a
l
Ire
ds
n
rla
e
th
e
N
ce
n
a
Fr
dia
n
I
Ita
ly
em
x
Lu
rg
u
bo
-20
Source: UNCTAD 2007, based on IMF BOP
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 9
Export of computer and information services
B illion USD
Share of developing countries rising
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Developed countries
2001
2002
Developing countries
2003
2004
2005
SEE&CIS
Source: UNCTAD, based on IMF BOP
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 10
Why surveying the ICT sector?
• Contribution to economic development
and growth (value added, employment)
• Contribution to ICT uptake (providing ICT
products and services)
• Exports/imports of ICT goods and services
• New dynamic sectors: BPO, call/contact
centers
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 11
Why surveying the ICT sector?
• Above-average growth rates: output, value
added contribution, employment creation,
foreign investment (FDI/M&A), trade
• Increase in developing countries – shifts
from developed to developing countries
(production, trade, FDI)
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 12
Case study: Egypt – collaboration UNCTAD MCIT
Survey of ICT companies 2007
UNCTAD
Egypt MCIT
• Classifications
• Identification of
companies
• Questionnaire design
• Identification of
variables and
outcome indicators
• Data analysis and
dissemination (IER)
• Sampling frame
• Classification
• Pilot testing
• Data collection,
editing, dissemination
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 13
UNCTAD questionnaire – selected outcome
indicators
• Gross value added of the ICT sector
• ICT sector workforce (total, share, composition)
• Product portfolio
• Growth in terms of revenue
• Value of total exports/imports
• Share of outsourcing contracts
• ICT usage
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 14
ICT sector survey – main challenges
• Need to capture the entire domestic
market – sampling frame?
• Definitions and classifications internationally comparable results?
• Questionnaire design and pilot testing –
feasible? policy relevance?
• Data production and analysis – quality of
data?
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 15
ICT and E-Business Branch
UNCTAD – United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Thank you
http://measuring-ict.unctad.org
susan.teltscher@unctad.org
UNCTAD ICT and E-Business Branch
11/13/2007 / 16