Concentrated iron pyrite mine waste as an amendment for alkaline soils
by Troy C Smith
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Soils
Montana State University
© Copyright by Troy C Smith (1994)
Abstract:
Many agricultural-soils in the western U.S. are alkaline. Soil pH’s above 7.0 cause several essential
plant nutrients, including iron and sulfur, to become unavailable to plants. These soils often require
additional fertilizer, and can be very difficult to correct for agricultural purposes. Sulfur has been
identified as one of the best amendments for highly alkaline soils. Many forms of sulfur have been used
to amend these soils. Most forms are either only moderately effective, or are expensive to apply.
The mining industry commonly extracts sulfur rich minerals as a waste product. Although other
countries have tried these waste products, very little research has been done in the United States to test
these materials as an alternative soil amendment to alleviate iron and sulfur deficiencies on alkaline
soils.
The Golden Sunlight gold mine in Montana produces a high sulfur by-product. The material contains
approximately 55 % finely ground pyrite. Pyrite is composed of iron and sulfur and when allowed to
oxidize will acidify, releasing these elements. It was felt this pyrite material would be a good
amendment for alkaline soils.
A study was designed to test the benefit of applying finely ground pyrite to several soils varying in
alkalinity. The research included a laboratory and field study. In the laboratory, samples of the pyrite,
and five soils amended with the pyrite, were kept moist and monitored for chemical parameters that
would measure the rate of pyrite oxidation. The samples were monitored for one year. Field test plots
were also constructed on one of the alkaline soils tested in the laboratory to evaluate the effect of pyrite
applications on a sulfur demanding crop.
The results indicated that applications of finely ground pyrite were very effective at lowering soil pH
and increasing plant available iron and sulfur. The results also showed that due to the relatively slow
oxidation of the pyrite, successful application rates for very alkaline soils may often exceed 10,000
kg/hectare. CONCENTRATED IRON PYRITE MINE WASTE
AS AN AMENDMENT FOR ALKALINE SOILS
by
Troy C. Smith
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree
of
Master of Science
in
Soils
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bozeman, Montana
April 1994
7 )3 ^
APPROVAL
of a thesis submitted by
Troy C. Smith
This thesis has been read by each member of the thesis committee and has
been found to be satisfactory regarding content, English usage, format, citations,
bibliographic style, and consistency, and is ready for submission to the College of
Graduate Studies.
Date
Chairperson, Graduate (j(pnmitjee
Approved for the Major Department
Date
Approved for the College of Graduate Studies
Date
Graduate Dean
Ill
STATEMENT OF PERMISSION TO USE
In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s
degree at Montana State University, I agree that the Library shall make it available to
borrowers under rules of the Library.
If I have indicated my intention to copyright this thesis by including a
copyright notice page, copying is allowable only for scholarly purposes, consistent
with "fair use" as prescribed in the U.S. Copyright Law. Requests for permission for
extended quotation from or reproduction of this thesis in whole or in parts may be
granted only by the copyright holder.
Signature
>
V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
APPROVAL ............................................ . ' ............................. . .:................
STATEMENT OF PERMISSION TO USE
VITA
........... ................................................ iii
...................................... .................. ............................................. .. ..............
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
ii
iv
..................................... ..................................................... v
................................................. ................................................ .. vii
LIST OF FIG U RES...............................................................................................
viii
BACKGROUND................... .............
Soil Chemistry .........................
Iron P y r ite ..............................
Golden Sunlight Pyrite Material
Vt u> u> u>
ABSTRACT . ................. ............. .......................... ................................................ . . x
•
,
.
r
INTRODUCTION........... .....................
I
Thesis O bjectives...................................... .................... ................................. 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
10
..............................
MATERIALS AND METHODS . . .,................ ............................. . . .................13
Study P l a n .............................. v.......................................................................13
Bench Top S tu d y ................... .. .................................; ................................ 17
Field Test Plots ..............................
21
Demonstration Plots ................
23
RESULTS......................................................
24
, Bench Top S tu d y ................
24
p H .............................. .. . ...................................................................... ..
26
Effective Rates For Soil pH Amendment........... ...........................................32
EC . . . ....................................................
34
Vl
TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued
F e ..............................................................................
38
S O , : ' . . . . . . . .: . . . . . ..........................................
43
Pyrite Oxidation........................... . : ...................... ..................................... 48
Field Test P l o t s ......................................
48
Demonstration Plots ........................................
52
CONCLUSION
. .........................................................................
REFERENCES C IT E D ................
54
57
APPEND ICES........................................
61
Appendix A - Bench Top Study D a t a ........................ ..............................'. 62
Appendix B - Vegetation Data For Field Test Plots .................................... 90
V ll
• LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
1.
Pyrite material TCLP Metal Concentration Data(p p m ) .......................
2.
3.
ICP multielemental concentrations of pyrite materialcomposite samples . . . 7
i
■
Initial data for all five soils . . ................
. 14
4.
Soil analytical methods . ................................
15
5.
Initial pyrite analysis...................................
16
6.
. Petri dish pyrite material amendment ra te s ..............................................
6
17
7.
Petri dish initial water content . ................
19
8.
Petri dish schedule of analysis . . ...................
20
9.
pH mean separation test between soils for each pyrite rate over time . . . . 25
10.
pH. mean separation test between times for each rate over all soils
11.
Multiple regression coefficients calculated from pH data for each soil . . . 27
12.
..............26
pH mean separation test between rates for each soil over tim e ................ 31
13. ‘ pH mean separation test between times for each soil over all rates. . . . .
14.
Optimum and adjusted rates to correct soil pH to a 15 cm depth after
one year .............
32
33
15.
Fe mean separation test between rates and time for each s o il..................... :. 42
16.
SO42" mean separation test between rates and time for each soil. . . . . . .
17.
Test plot final pH values
47
.................................................................................. 50
18. • Estimated optimum pyrite material application rates to correct alkaline
agricultural soil problems to a soil depth of 15 c m ................ ..................... 55
\
viii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
Page
1.
Test plot study design ...................................................... ............................ 2 2
2.
Effect of rate of pyrite application on pH during a 378-day period (soil
1) ................................... : ............................................ ........................ 28
3.
Effect of rate of pyrite application on pH during a 378-day period (soil
2 ) ......................... .. . . . ............................................................................... 28
4.
Effect of rate of pyrite application on pH during a 378-day period (soil
3) . .................................................... ............................ ............ ............ .. . 29
5.
Effect of rate of pyrite application on pH during a 378-day period (soil
4) .............................. : .......................... .......................................... ..
29
6.
Effect of rate of pyrite application on pH during a 378-day period (soil
5) ........................... ........................................................................................ 30
7.
Changes in pyrite material pH during a 378-day period
8.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity
during a 378-day period (soil I ) ....................................................................... 35
/
Effect of rate, of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity
during a 378-day period (soil 2) ........................... ........................................ 35
9.
10.
......................30
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity
during a 378-day period (soil 3 ) ........................ ......................................... 36
11. . Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity
during a 378-day period (soil 4 ) ......................................................... ..
12.
13.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity
during a 378-day period (soil 5 ) ...................
36
37
Changes in pyrite material electrical conductivity during a 378-day
period
........... ............................................................................. 37
IX
LIST OF FIGURES - Continued
Figure
Page
14.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application oh plant available iron
during a 378-day period (soil I ) .............................................. 39
15.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron
during a 378-day period (soil 2 ) ................................................................. .. 39
16.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron
during a 378-day period (soil 3) . ................................................................. 40
17.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron .
during a 378-day period (soil 4) .............................. .............................. .. „ 40
18.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron
during a 378-day period (soil 5 ) ............
41
19.
Changes in pyrite material plant available iron.over a 378-day period
...
41
20.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a
378-day period (soil I) . . . . ..........................................................................44
21.
Effect of rate of. pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a
378-day period (soil 2 ) . ..............................................................
44
22.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a
378-day period (soil 3 ) ..................................... ....................... ..................... 45
23.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a
378-day period (soil 4) . . ........................................................................... . 45
24.
Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a
378-day period (soil 5) . ................................................. .............
46
Changes in pyrite material sulfate levels over a 378-day period . . . . . . .
46
25.
ABSTRACT
Many agricultural-soils in the western U.S. are alkaline. Soil pH’s above 7.0
cause several essential plant nutrients, including iron and sulfur, to become
unavailable to plants. These soils often require additional fertilizer, and can be very
difficult to correct for agricultural purposes. Sulfur has been identified as one of the
best amendments for highly alkaline soils. Many forms of sulfur have been used to
amend these soils. Most forms are either only moderately effective, or are expensive
to apply.
The mining industry commonly extracts sulfur rich minerals as a waste
product. Although other countries have tried these waste products, very little
research has been done in the United States to test these materials as an alternative
soil amendment to alleviate iron and sulfur deficiencies on alkaline soils.
The Golden Sunlight gold mine in Montana produces a high sulfur by-product.
The material contains approximately 55 % finely ground pyrite. Pyrite is composed of
iron and sulfur and when allowed to oxidize will acidify, releasing these elements. It
was felt this pyrite material would be a good amendment for alkaline soils.
A study was designed to test the benefit of applying finely ground pyrite to
several soils varying in alkalinity. The research included a laboratory and field study.
In the laboratory, samples of the pyrite, and five soils amended with the pyrite, were
kept moist and monitored for chemical parameters that would measure the rate of
pyrite oxidation. The samples were monitored for one year. Field test plots were
also constructed on one of the alkaline soils tested in the laboratory to evaluate the
effect of pyrite applications on a sulfur demanding crop.
The results indicated that applications of finely ground pyrite were very
effective at lowering soil pH and increasing plant available iron and sulfur. ■The
results also showed that due to the relatively slow oxidation of the pyrite, successful
application.rates for very alkaline soils may often exceed 10,000 kg/hectare.
I
INTRODUCTION
Calcareous and high pH agricultural soils often produce lower crop yields than
neutral soils. The lower yields are usually a result of alkaline induced nutrient
deficiencies, increased salt content, or poor soil structure. Consequently, alkaline
agricultural soils typically require greater amounts of fertilizer,<and often
niicronutrient applications such as iron. These soil problems can be expensive to
correct. Many high sulfur materials have been used to amend alkaline soils.
Elemental sulfur has been shown to be an effective amendment because of its ability
to produce acid and neutralize soil alkalinity (Foiled et al., 1981). Sulfide minerals
such as iron pyrite have been tried worldwide as amendments for alkaline soils. Very
little research has been conducted in the U.S.,/partially because sulfide minerals are
often associated with unwanted heavy metals.
Iron pyrite has the chemical formula FeS2, and when exposed to oxygen and
•V
water produces plant available ferrous iron (Fe2+) and sulfate (SO42"). Sulfuric acid
is also produced as one of the by-products from the decomposition of iron pyrites.
The reaction rate for the decomposition of iron pyrites is dependent on particle size,
surface area, the composition of the matrix encompassing the pyrite, and surrounding
environmental factors.
2
Golden Sunlight Mines, Inc. is a large gold mine located near Whitehall,
Montana which produces a concentrated iron pyrite by-product. This by-product is
relatively low in heavy metals other than iron. Since it was known that crop yields
from alkaline soils could theoretically increase with iron pyrite additions, it was of
interest to Ieam how the iron pyrite by-product could affect these soils. This study
was conducted to identify beneficial agricultural uses for the iron pyrite by-product
that could lead to an alternative means of eliminating iron and sulfur deficiencies in
calcareous and high pH soils.
Thesis Objectives
o
To determine the rate of soil acidification and related iron and sulfur release
during a one-year period from the oxidation of pyrite added to five different soils,
o
To determine the effects of pyrite applications on alkaline Montana soils in
relation to pH and plant available iron and sulfur levels.
3
BACKGROUND
Soil Chemistry
Alkaline soils (soil pH above 7.0) are common in semi-arid agricultural
environments. It is known that soil alkalinity affects plant nutrient availability. Many
essential plant nutrients in the soil such as phosphorus, sulfur, and iron become less
available to the plant as the soil pH is elevated above 7.0 (Follet.et al., 1981).
Nutrient requirements vary between agricultural crops, consequently, specific nutrient
deficiencies due to soil alkalinity also vary. Plant available iron deficiencies are one
of the more common problems associated with alkaline soils (Follet et. al., 1981).
Alkaline soil problems are often corrected with commercially available
products which contain either sulfur or acid. Commercially available products include
the chemicals ammonium sulfate, gypsum, elemental sulfur,.and sulfuric acid. These
products are either low acid producers, or are hazardous to handle.
. Iron Pvrite
Iron pyrite (referred to as pyrite) is a naturally occurring mineral often found
as a by-product of metal and coal mining. Pyrite exposed to water and oxygen will
weather according to the following reactions (Hossner, 1988):
4
FeS2(S) + 7/202 + H2O = Fe2+ + 2S042- + 2H+
(I)
Fe2+ + IMO2 + H + . = Fe3+ + VTR2O
( 2)
Fe3+ +,SH2O = Fe(OH)3(S) + 3H+
(3)
FeS2(S) + 14Fe3+ +. SH2O = 15Fe2+ + 2S042' + 16H+
(4)
The oxidation of pyrite does not always include equation number 4, due to the
large amounts of ferric iron required. The rate of reaction is dependent on particle
size, surface area, oxygen, moisture and temperature. These reactions can also be
catalyzed by thiobacillus bacteria. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans can play an important
role in the oxidation rate of pyrite (NTIS, 1991). The conversion of ferrous iron to
ferric iron is the rate-limiting step in the oxidation of pyrite (equation 2). Ironoxidizing bacteria can catalyze this step, thus accelerating this conversion and the
oxidation of pyrite (Stumm and Morgan, 1981).
Pyrite oxidation is directly related to surface area (Vlek and Lindsay, 1978).
Finely disseminated "framboidal" .pyrite will oxidize fnuch more rapidly than larger
crystalline pyrites (Caruccio and Ferm, 1974). Crystalline pyrite, if finely ground,
may also oxidize rapidly.
Oxygen and water are. shown to be essential to pyrite oxidation in the above
reactions. In air-dried soils, pyrite oxidation practically ceases (Barrau and Berg,
1977). Oxygen diffusion, through certain materials can also limit pyrite oxidation.
Temperature has been shown to have a significant effect on the rate of pyrite
oxidation. A 10° C increase in temperature can produce a two-fold increase in the
rate of pyrite oxidation (Smith and Shumate, 1,970). This is partially a result of
biological activity.
.
5
Smith and Shumate (1970) have shown that pH affects the rate at which
ferrous iron is converted to ferric iron, thus affecting the rate of pyrite oxidation. In
the absence of iron-oxidizing bacteria, the ferrous to ferric iron conversion occurs
rapidly at a pH above 6.0. In the presence of iron-oxidizing bacteria, the ferrous to
ferric iron conversion occurs most rapidly between pH 2.4 and 3.6 (NTIS, 1991).
Acidic micro-environments are sufficient for bacterial iron oxidation (Barrau and
Berg, 1975). The presence of calcium carbonate can slow the oxidation of pyrite by
inhibiting bacterial interaction and creating less soluble iron hydroxides (Caruccio et
al., 1981).
Golden Sunlight Pvrite Material
Golden Sunlight Mine produces a concentrated tailing material that is primarily
pyrite and has no appreciable heavy metal content other than iron. Golden Sunlight’s
gold ore contains approximately 4 to 7 % pyrite. In the milling process about 40% of
this pyrite is removed in a gravity circuit, to increase gold recovery. The pyrite
material removed in the gravity circuit is composed of approximately 55 % pyrite by
weight. The remaining 45 % is composed primarily of feldspars and silica. After the
gold is removed this material becomes a by-product. Approximately 400 tons of
pyrite enriched tailing is produced per day.
A concentrated pyrite tailing composite sample was created by blending equal
weights of monthly samples from July, 1989 to January, 1990. The sample was ■
submitted to Chen Northern Laboratories, Inc. in Billings for heavy metal analysis.
6
Tests were conducted in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Manual SW-846 Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste. 3rd Edition, November,
1986 and Method 1311 published June 29, 1990 in 40 CFR Part 302. The results of
the analysis for the Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) have been
adjusted for spike recovery and are summarized in Table I.
Table I. Pyrite material TCLP Metal Concentration Data (ppm).
Metal
Test Extract
EPA Extract Limit
Ag
<0.040
.5.0
As
0.020
5.0
Ba
<0,200
100
Cd
0.145
1.0
Cr
0.150
5.0
Hg
0.0006
0.2
Pb
<0.040 .
5.0
0.006
1.0
Se
'
.
Since all the test extracts were less than the EPA extract limits, the pyrite
material is deemed non-hazardoiis by the EPA method based on heavy metal content.
Table 2 summarizes total metal analyses for monthly composite samples from July,
1989 through January, 1990 (Rhoades, 1982).
Table 2. ICP multielement concentrations of pyrite material composite samples.
M onth
Year
Al
Ag
(oz/ton)
(%)
As
(ppm )
Au
(oz/ton)
Ba
(ppm)
Bi
(ppm)
Ca
(%)
Cd
(ppm)
Ce
(ppm)
Co
(ppm)
Cu
(ppm)
Li
(ppm)
Cr
(ppm)
Hg
(ppm)
July
1989
0.0496
2.21
128
0 .0223
>2000
32'
0 .87
I
40
53
410
11
79 .
0.604
August
1989
0 .0 2 0 4
2 .8 5
96
0 .0 1 8 6
1558
24
0 .19
I
33.
46
217
10
64
0.617
September
1989
0.0496
2 .6 2
96
0 .0 2 1 2
1891
29
0 .19
<1
42
58
225
15
97
0.478
October
1989
0.0408
2 .6 2
99
0 .0215
1971
40
0 .15
<1
44
57
209
10
69
0.448
November
1989
0.0467 ' 2 .4 9 •
106
0 ,0207
1745
38
0 .1 4
<1
46
54
208
10
55
0.449
December
1989
0.0525
2.78
115
0 .0207
>2000
39
0 .2 2
<1
37
50
354
15
88
0.798
January
1990
0.0321
2 .9 7
89
0 .0 2 0 6 '
>2000
32
0.23
<1
37
53
271
11
76
0.667
Maximum
0 .0525
2 .9 7
128
0 .0223
>2000
40
0:87
I
46
58
410
15
97
0.798
Average
0 .0418
2 .6 4
104
0 ,0 2 0 8
33
0 .28
40
53
268
12
75
0 .580
26
.9
12
5
16
85
10
7
28 '
18
13
0.121
Std. D ev.
-
'
•
Table 2 continued
M onth
Y ear
Mg
Mo
(ppm)
(%)
Na
(%)
Nb
(ppm)
'Ni
(ppm)
Pb
(ppm)
Sc
(ppm)
Sr
(ppm)
Te
(ppm)
Ti
(%)
V
(ppm)
Zr
(ppm)
Se
(ppm)
48
0.3 7
18
73
56
4
215
3 .7
0.0 8
41
47
2 .2
46
0.66
21
59
65
4
182
2 .8
0.0 8
40
46
2 .7
0 .3 2
52
0 .3 2
15
83
109
5
178
4 .0
0 .09
51
50
3.0
1989
0 .2 2
57
0.55
21
69
115
4
188
4.6
0.07
40
40
3.8
November
1989
0 .2 0
56
0.41
17
73
112
4
158
4.1
0 .07
37
41
3.3
December
1989
0 .2 4
62
0 .48
18
71
213
4
183
5 .0
0.08
47
48
3 .2
January
1990
0.25
55
0 .74
20
60
78
4
191
3.6
0 .08
41
44
3.5
Maximum
0 .3 2
62
0 .74
21
83
213
5
215
5 .0
0.09
51
50
3.8
Average
0 .2 4
54
0 .5 0
19
70
106
4
185
4 .0
.0.08
43
45
Std. D ev.
17
10
29
11
11
46
8 -
9
17
8
10
8
July
1989
0 .2 5
August
1989
Oi 19
September
1989
October
.
.
.
.
3.1
.49
■9
A composite sample of pyrite material was collected in November, 1990 and
submitted to the U.S.B.M. Research. Center in Reno, Nevada for semi-quantitative
rhineralogical analysis.
The sample consisted of:
64%
Pyrite (28% Fe and 36% S)
13%
Quartz
23%
Feldspar
100%
S
10.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Research results have shown that pyritic. mine waste can be utilized as a source
of iron, sulfur and acid in alkaline soils. Soils amended with pyrite show increased
Fe availability as a direct result of the oxidation of the pyrite (Vlek and Lindsay,
1978). Pyrite forms have not been extensively used or commercialized as a soil
amendment in the United States. No known attempt has been made to use pyrite from
Montana gold mines to amend alkaline soils in Montana.
Many sulfur rich minerals have been used to improve agricultural soil
conditions. All of the many acid-forming sulfur minerals tested appear to be suitable
for reclamation of alkaline soils. Unfortunately, only limited data are available
comparing the effectiveness of alternative sulfur materials under a wide range of soil
conditions (Sulphur Institute, 1979).
Pyrite has been studied as an amendment for alkaline soils in Europe for many
years. Odelien (1967) in Norway found that pyrite was initially slow to react with
soil but showed a marked increase in response after the second year. This was
probably due to the cool soil temperatures of Norway which inhibited microbiological
activity. In Holland it was discovered that a cultivated soil which had been amended
with pyrite in 1844 still contained 0.2% pyrite after 100 years (Harmsen et al., 1954).
11
Sulfur deficiencies in cropped soils have long been recognized in India.
Results of a study with different sulfur forms in India indicated that pyrite produced
an equivalent amount of available sulfur as gypsum (Tiwari, 1990). Tiwari also
showed pyrite can prevent Fe chlorosis in plants and can improve the availability of
phosphorus; manganese, and zinc. Pyrite not only contains these micronutrients as
impurities, but enhances the availability of native micronutrients by reducing
alkalinity. Tiwari found that "a pyrite application rate of 250 kg ha"1 helped correct
lime-induced chlorosis and improved the millable cane percentage and yield of
sugarcane. Pyrite doses up to 400 kg ha"1 increased the number and dry weight of N
fixation nodules, and showed significant increase in chickpea grain and straw yield."
The purity and particle size of the pyrite used in Tiwari’s study is not known.
Two studies from Australia and New Zealand found that pyrite amendments
were effective in correcting iron and sulfur deficiencies in com (Banath and Holland,
1976). The effective applied rates ranged from 190 to 760 kg ha"1 of 50 percent < 9
micrometer pyrite. It was found that approximately 10% of the pyrite was oxidized.
\the first growing season (Banath and Holland, 1976). In a different study it was
found that "priming" with small amounts of sulfuric acid increased the oxidation of
pyrite (Metson et al., 1971). Metson also found that organic matter and calcium
carbonate significantly increased the oxidation rate of pyrite. This appears to
contradict what was previously stated by Camccio.
Barrau and Berg (1977) at Colorado State University found that the extremely
' high rates of 90,000 and 270,000 kg ha"1 were effective at reclaiming very alkaline.
soils.
12-
A now defunct company in the Southwestern United States produced a product
called "Iron Sul". The product was produced from a copper processing waste
containing the iron salt jarosite. The jarosite was mixed with sulfuric acid, dried and
sold as an effective iron fertilizer (Ryan and Stroehlein, 1976).
Following procedures similar to those developed by Iron Sul, a company in
Arizona is currently reprocessing pyritic tailing from a closed copper concentrator.
They are concentrating the ferric iron produced from the tailing and creating an iron
fertilizer called 'Tronite". Ironite contains approximately 4.5% soluble iron and 15%
sulfur.
A review of available literature indicated that pyrite can be an effective
agricultural soil amendment for alkaline soils, but scientific data are limited and the
results vary. It also appeared that the United States is behind the rest of the world in
evaluating pyrite as an alkaline soil amendment.
)
13
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Study Plan
A study was designed to characterize how soil pH, plant available iron, and
sulfur change due to the addition of pyrite. The. study was also intended to identify
crop responses from the addition of pyrite to soil. Five soils varying in alkalinity and
texture were identified for this study. The alkalinity varied from non-alkaline to
calcic and sodic soils. Approximately 50 kgs of each soil were collected in plastic
buckets and. brought to the MSU greenhouse for drying, and homogenizing. A sample
of each soil was analyzed by the MSU Soil Testing Laboratory for pH, EC, percent
CaCO3 equivalent, plant nutrients, DTPA extractable iron, SO42", total sulfur, SAR,
ESP, texture and 1/3 bar water content. These data are summarized in Table 3. The
analytical methods for these and all other parameters discussed in this document are
listed in Table 4.
14
Table 3. Initial data for.all five soils.
Soil
A ppend.
A '
desig.
pH
(paste)
EC
(m m h os/
cm)
SA R
CaCO3
(%)
I
RB
4 .4
0 .5 6
0 .2
0 .2
2
MC
8.2
0 .7 0
0.1
3
KP
8.0
1.38
1.4
4
KC
8.5
0 .9 0
6 .5
5
' SM
7 .9
18.83
Na
(mg/1)
N O 3(m g/kg)
I
6
2
3
Fe
(m g/kg)
Ca
(mg/1)
O .M .
(%)
3 .0
3 0 .0
54
0 .7
3 .9
7 .2
3 .9
109
1.4 ■
18.0
3 2 .4
7 .0
153
1.5
3 .0
16.3
9 .4
43
1.3
89.6
1.9
7 7 3 .2
5 .8
, 456
0.5
P ’
(m g/kg)
K
(m g/kg)-
Mg
(mg/1)
Sand
Silt
Clay
Text.
(%)
(%)
(%)
15.8
12.8
100
11
83
8
9
Is. ‘
6
3 .7
6.1
422
11
48
35
17
I
. 75
2 1 .0
34.1
170
75
47
23
30
scl
.
SO42"
(m g/kg)
.
Soil
.
4
162
8 .0
14.6
670
3
- 23
27
50
C
5
7400
3 2 .4
.3 0 .9
2106
36
50
27
23
scl
Soil
Classification
I
U stic Torripsamment, frigid, mixed
Soil Series
Y e ta ll.
. 2
Borollic Calciorthid, coarse-loamy, mixed
Amesha
3
B orollic Calciorthid, coarse-loamy, mixed
Amesha
4
B orollic Calciorthid, fine-loam y, mixed
■D elphill
5
Typic H aploboroll, coarse-loamy, mixed
Chinook
These data show that soil I is non-buffered, soils 2 and 4 are well buffered,
j
soil 3 is highly buffered, and soil 5 is saline-sodic.
.
15
Table 4. Soil analytical methods.
Parameter
Analytical Method
pH
Electrical Conductivity (EC)
Rhoades, 1982, p. 167-179
Saturated water paste extract
Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR)
Ca, Mg, Na, K
Rhoades, 1982, p. 167-219
Soluble Cations
CaCO3
Allison and Moodie, 1965, p. 1388
Gravimetric Method for loss of carbon
dioxide
Sulfate (SO42O
Bardsley and Lancaster, 1965, p. 1111
Acetate Soluble Sulfate
Iron
Olson and Roscoe, 1982, p. 309
DTPA extractable iron
Nitrate (NO3)
Keeney and Nelson, .1982, p. 676
Nitrate by colorimetric methods
Organic Matter .
Sims and Haby, 1970
Colorimetric determination of soil organic
matter
Phosphorus
Olsen and Sommers, 1982, p. 416-418
Particle Size Distribution
Day, 1965
Hydrometer method
Hot Water Extractable SO4
HCL Extractable SO4
HNO3 Extractable S
Total S
Sobeketal., 1978
Acid-base accounting
Approximately 10 kgs of Golden Sunlight Mine’s pyrite material were
collected, dried and purged with nitrogen gas to prevent oxidation until ready for use.
The pyrite material was analyzed for pH, EC, available iron, sulfate and texture. It
should be noted that these parameters characterize the pyrite prior to oxidation.
These data are summarized in Table 5.
16
Table 5 Initial pyrite analysis.
pH
(paste)
2.9
EC
(mmh os/cm)
■ 3.74
DTPA Fe
(mg/kg)
SO42"
(mg/kg)
Texture
656
2907
93% < 27 micron
(silt)
A laboratory petri dish study was designed to evaluate pyrite application rates
to the chosen soils. . Six rates were selected which were thought to cover all
V
reasonable agricultural applications. To simulate field moisture conditions, the dishes
were wetted to approximate field capacity moisture content, then checked weekly and
re-wetted when the dish moisture content was approximately at wilting point. The
study was designed to periodically evaluate changes in soil chemistry over a one-year
period. The length of time between evaluations would depend on changes in
chemistry. This study is outlined in the section "Bench Top Study."
The laboratory study was designed to allow identification of chemical changes
in the soils from the addition of the pyrite material over time. It was realized that
field conditions could not be fully modeled in the laboratory, so it should be noted
that certain natural variables such as leaching, ultra violet light and temperature were
not part of the petri dish study.
A replicated field study using soil number 2 from Steve.McDonnell’s farm
near Three Forks, Montana was also implemented. This study is outlined in the
section "Field Test Plots."
17
Bench Top Study
A petri dish study was designed to evaluate the five soils amended with the six
pyrite rates shown in Table 4 below. The study was replicated four times in a
randomized complete block design for statistical comparison.
For all of the five soils, 50 grams were placed in each of six plastic petri
dishes. Each dish was amended with one of the pyrite material rates shown in Table
4. This created six treatments per soil. The treatments were replicated four times for
a total of 24 dishes per soil. An additional petri dish replicated four times containing
only 50 grams of Golden Sunlight pyrite material were added to the treatment list for
a total of 124 petri dish treatments. The entire study was then duplicated 10 times to
allow for 10 sequential destructive analyses for identification of treatment responses. .
This created a total of 1240 petri dish treatments.
Table 6. Petri dish pyrite material amendment rates.
Rate
Grams pyrite
material/dish
I
0.00
0.0
0
2
0.25
0.5
10,000
3
0.50
1.0
20,000
4
2.50
5.0
100,000
5
5.00
10.0
200,000
6
10.00
20.0
400,000
% pyrite material
by weight
Kg pyrite
material/ hectare
18
After amending all petri dishes, they were stirred with a spatula, wetted to
field capacity with distilled water and stirred again. The amount of water used for
each soil is shown in Table 5. After wetting, all the dishes were loosely covered with
a petri dish lid and an initial weight was recorded. All the dishes were set up by
August I, 1991. Each week the dishes were reweighed and if a dish had lost at least
one half the initial wafer content (approximately wilting point for these soils), it was
wetted with distilled water until the initial weight was re-established.
19
Table 7. Petri dish initial water content.
Soil
I
Rate
I
I
2
5 .
I
3
5
I
4
5
I
5
6 .
I
6
6
2
I
9
2
2
9
2
.3
4 .
9
2
5
10
2
6
11
3
I
9
3
2 ’
9
3
3
9
4
9
3
5
10
3
6
11
4
I
13
4
2
4 '
3
13
4
4
13
4
5
14
4
6
5
I
9
5
2
9
5
3
5
4
9
5
5
10
5
6
11
2
3
'
,
W ater (mis)
5
9
.
13
..
/
15
9,
,
20
Initially, every two weeks, and then again at progressively longer time
intervals for one year, a complete set of petri dishes from all five soils and pyrite
material were taken from the set for analysis. Table 6 shows the frequency of
analysis and the parameters analyzed. The parameters pH and EC were measured by
weighing out ten grams of material from each dish into a beaker, adding 20 milliliters
of distilled water, stirring for one minute and measuring pH and EC with bench top
electrodes. If the samples were to be analyzed for iron and sulfur, then the remaining
40 grams of soil and pyrite material were pulverized and submitted to the MSU Soil
Testing Laboratory for DTPA extractable iron and sulfate sulfur analyses.
Table 8. Petri dish schedule of analysis.
Run
Day
pH
I
13
2
Fe
SO42-
X
X
X
28
X .
X
X ■
3-
64
X
4
91
X
5
118
6
152
X
7
184
X
8
225
X
9
293
X
10
.. 378
X
.
EC ■
x
X
X
X
Data are summarized in the results section.
■X
.
X
21
Field Test Plots
To determine crop responses to pyrite additions, a crop with high sulfur and .
other nutrient requirements was desired. Canola fits this description and was the crop
chosen for this study. The study was implemented on soil number 2 because of its
alkalinity and agricultural history.
A fallow field was chosen for the study site. A composite soil sample was
collected from the site and analyzed for nutrient availability. Data are summarized
above in Table 2. Based on these data, the entire study site was fertilized with 120
kg N/hectare, 50 kg P/hectare, and 20 kg K/hectare.
i
Test plots were established on the site to evaluate various rates of pyrite added
to the soil. Using a hand broadcaster and a double disk drill, both broadcast and
banded pyrite applications were evaluated in the study. To account for field
variability the plots were randomized and replicated in four separate complete blocks.
The study layout is shown in Figure I .
)
22
Figure I. Test plot study design.
T R S A T M S flT S ( K y / l i e c l t i r t CSM y y r i t e )
CAflOU
A
3
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
SP R IflC WHSAT
=
O
= 2 5 0
BANDED
= 5 0 0 BANDED
= 1 0 0 0 BROADCAST
=
1 0 0 0 BANDED
= 2 0 0 0 BROADCAST
= 2 0 0 0 BANDED
= 4 0 0 0 BROADCAST
= 3 OS A S AM M ON IU M
J = 2000
K = O
L = 1000
M = O
BA ND ED
S U L F A T E BROADCAST
BLOCK
J
POTATOES
BROADCAST
3
BLOCK
4
E
H
B
A
G
D
C
I
F
B
G
E
F
D
C
I
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
BLOCK
I
BLOCK
I
2
A
E
H
I
B
F
C
G
D
D
C
F
G
E
I
A
H
B
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
L
ROAD
SCALE
The test plots were established and seeded May I, 1991. All broadcast
treatments were rototilled for mixing to a 10 cm depth. A sprinkler irrigation system
supplied by a 3000 gallon water truck was constructed to irrigate the plots. Leaf
tissue samples were collected from each plot prior to flowering to identify any
increases in tissue iron or sulfur from the pyrite. The plots were harvested at the
appropriate time and the canola seed was compared by plot for yield and quality
responses to the various pyrite rates. During harvest, soil samples were collected
from each plot to determine soil responses to the pyrite. Test plots amended with
pyrite banded below the crop, were sampled by collecting composite samples from
within the band area, and 5 cm from the band. The results are summarized in the
section "Field Test Plots.
23
. Demonstration Plots ■
As a supplement to the study to further identify visible vegetation responses to
pyrite over a variety of soils, non-replicated test plots were established in several
locations. To enhance the pyrite reactivity, the pyrite material was prilled using
lignin sulfonate and "primed" with an addition of 2% sulfuric acid by weight.
One quarter acre test plots were established on soil numbers 3 and 4.
Broadcast application rates were 2000 kg/hectare of pyrite material. After
application, soil number 3 was seeded to potatoes and soil number 4 to grass as part
of the government conservation reserve program. Several test plots with various
application rates and sizes were also constructed at the Three Forks golf course. The
soils were determined to be alkaline and slightly saline. The largest plot involved
broadcasting 2000 kg/hectare of pyrite material over a one half hectare fairway: This
plot was compared to a smaller adjacent plot where a recommended rate of the
commercially produced 'Tronite" product was applied. Additional visual trials include
pyrite material applications on several lawns and agricultural fields in the Three Forks
and Whitehall, Montana areas.
24
RESULTS
Bench Top Study
The specific objectives of the bench top study were to determine, soil responses
to the various pyrite material rates and identify differences in responses between the
five soil types. To achieve the stated objectives, the study was constructed with a
randomized complete block design, with four blocks for statistical comparison. To
determine if these data met the objectives, analysis of variance was used to identify
significant differences between treatments and soils. These data were also interpreted
graphically to predict successful treatment rates. To smooth these data for purposes
of graphing, the replications were averaged prior to plotting.
These data were collected as outlined in Table 6. The entire data set can be
found in Appendix B. The soils were analyzed for pH, EC, available iron, and
sulfate. These soil parameters were chosen because they are directly linked to the
oxidation of pyrite. These parameters are dependent on each other and time. For the
purposes of this discussion each parameter will be evaluated separately in the
following sections.
Most of the parameters were analyzed for variance using all replications from
each treatment for each soil across time, This created a two-way analysis of
variance. The replications are random, and replication, soil, and time are completely
25
independent from each other. These data are assumed to have a normal distribution,
since only four data points exist for any given soil treatment.
pH was chosen as the main parameter to track soil responses to the various
treatments. All pH values were used for the analysis of variance and regression tests
to determine soil responses to the six pyrite rates over time.
Comparisons were made between the five soils for each pyrite rate. The
analysis of variance is summarized in Table 9 below. The capital letters following
each mean in each column signify significant similarities or differences between
means based on the least significant difference (LSD) value.
Table 9. pH mean separation test between soils for each pyrite rate over time.
Soil N o .
R a te N o .
I
R a te N o.
2
R a te N o .
3
R a te N o.
4
R a te N o .
5
R a te N o.
6
O verall
m ean
I
5 .5 9 A *
4 .5 9 A
4 .33 A
3 .3 2 A
3.18 A
3 .1 4 A
4 .0 2 A
2
7 .8 8 B
7 .8 4 C
7.71 B
7 .5 8 B
7 .4 5 CB
7 .2 6 D
7 .6 2 C
3
7 .8 4 B
7 .8 7 C
7 .8 5 C
7 .6 9 C
7 .6 6 D
7 .5 7 E
7 .7 5 D
4
7 .8 8 B .
7 .4 4 B
7 .7 6 B
7 .6 0 B
7 .3 4 B
6.9 1 C
7 .5 4 B
. 9 .0 5 C
8.83 D.
8.69 D
8 .05 D
7 .5 0 C
5 .8 8 B
8 .00 E
0 .0 4 7 4
0 .0749
0 .0609
0 .0 4 0 7
0 .1126
0 .1 1 9 0
0 .0366
5
L S D (.05)
.
.
* Means followed by the same letter in columns are not significantly different
(P=0.05)
Table 9 shows significant differences between soil pH means for each rate.
Rate number I (control) shows similarities between soils 2, 3, and 4 over time in the
absence of treatment. These three soils have similar pH means because soils 2 and 4
are well buffered and soil 3 is highly buffered. The overall means show that all soils
are also significantly different over time with all rates for each soil averaged.
S
-26
Table 10 summarizes how time affected pH for each rate over all soils. The
overall means identify significant differences between all rates and the lower case
LSD values show the significant responses directly correlating with the treatment rate
increments.
Table 10. pH mean separation test between times for each rate over all soils.
J
T im e
R a te N o.
I
R a te N o.
2
R a te No;
3
R a te N o.
4
R a te N o .
5
R a te N o .
6
I
7 .6 3 C*
7 .5 7 F
•7.59 G
7 .2 3 E
7 .0 4 F
6 .9 0 G
2
7 .7 0 D B
7 .4 3 ED
7 .3 8 F
7 ,1 0 D
6 .8 9 F
6 .73 F
3
7 .5 1 AB
7 .2 7 ABC
7 .1 6 B
6 .7 8 B
6 .7 1 E
6 .41 E
4
7 .4 5 'A
7 .1 8 A
7 .0 2 A
6 .6 8 A
6 .6 6 D E
6 .2 4 D
5
7 .6 6 CD
7.33 BCD
7 .2 5 CD
6 .8 5 C
6 .7 1 E
6 .5 6 EF
6
7 .5 3 B
7 .2 5 AB
7 .2 0 CB
6 .8 6 C
6 .6 4 DEC
6 .1 7 D
7
7 .8 0 F
7 .4 3 ED
7 .2 6 CD
6 .6 3 A
6 .3 4 AB
5.9 1 C
7 .6 6 CD
7 .4 2 ED
7 .3 7 FE
6 .7 8 B
6 .5 2 D C
5 .9 4 C
9
7 .7 6 FE ■
7 .5 2 EF
7 .1 9 CB
6 .9 0 C
6 .4 9 BC
5 .6 7 B
10
'7.76 FE
7 .3 6 CD
7.2 3 ED
6 .6 6 A
LSD(.OS)
0.0671
0 .1 0 6 0
0 .0861
0 .0 5 7 6
Overall
mean
7 .6 5 f**
7 .3 8 e
'7 .2 7 d
' 6 .8 5 c
' 8
.
•
'6 .2 6 A
4 .9 9 A
0 .1 5 9 2
' 0.1683
6 .6 3 b
6 .1 5 a
* Means followed by the same letter in columns are not significantly different
(P = 0.05)
** Means are compared within the row.
pH
Due to the significant interaction between rate and time, a model was
developed to correlate the variables. The multiple regression equation modeling each
treatment response for each soil was determined by using analysis of variance to
27
check the various linear and quadratic factors. All factors were determined significant,
as shown in Table 11. The model describing all soils is shown below:
pH = /?q- 0irate - 0% day + 03 rate2 + 04 day2 - 05 rate x day.
The multiple regression coefficients for each soil are listed in Table 9.
Table 11. Multiple regression coefficients calculated from pH data, for each soil.
Soil
N o.
00
(Inter­
cept)
0i
(Rate)
02
(Day)
0,
(Rate2)
04
(Day2)
0s
(R ate x D ay)
R2
I
5 .5 9 0
-0.6390
-0.6197 E -0 2
0.4872E -01
0.9604E -05
- 0 .1742E-03
0 .7 1 2
2
7 .8 1 8
-0.9131E -01
-0.5172E -03
0.5188E -02
0.2800E -05
-0.1150E -03
0 .6 1 2
3
7 .881
-0.5516E -01
-0.7202E -03
0.3118E -02
0.2536E -05
-0.3511E -04
0 .4 0 9
4
7 .4 7 5
0.2630E -01
0.4743E -03
0.9263E -03
-0.1062E -04
-0.8203E -03
0 .6 5 6
5
8.765
-0.1164
- 0 .1487E-02
0.3965E -03
0.1064E -04
- 0 .1227E-02
0 .9 4 6
The model was used to .create three-dimensional graphs showing the pH data
from all six pyrite material fates for each soil for a 378-day period. Figures 2
through 6 show the graphs for all five soils. It should be noted that these figures are
not proportionally scaled on the z axis. Figure 7 shows the actual pH values for the
pyrite material.
I '■
28
SOIL NO. 1
118
184
293
Day
20
% Pyrite
material
pH during a 378-day period (soil 2).
Figure 3. Effect of rate of pyrite application on
SOIL NO. 2
29
SOIL NO. 3
/
/ / 7 ^/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
118
/
/
/
7"
184
/
7
/
/
7"
293
Day
SOIL NO. 4
/^
/
T ^ T ^
/ / I ^
q
' W
% Pyrite
material
30
Figure 6. Effect of rate of pyrite application on pH during a 378-day period (soil 5).
SOIL NO. 5
X
CL
% Pyrite
material
Figure 7. Changes in pyrite material pH during a 378-day period.
PYRITE MATERIAL
31
The pyrite material had an acidic pH prior to initiating the research. Linear
regression indicated very little additional reduction in pH with time. The computed
analysis indicated an R2 value of 0.09 with 8 degrees of freedom, an x coefficient of 0.00056, and a standard error coefficient of 0.000634. The regression seemed to
indicate that the data scatter was greater than any significant changes in pH.
'
These data were tested for significant pH responses from each pyrite rate over
time. Thp analyses are summarized in Tables 12 and 13. Table 12 is very similar to
Table 9 except Table 12 shows significant difference comparisons between rates.
Table 12. pH mean separation test between rates for each soil over time.
R ate
Soil N o. I
Soil N o. 2
Soil N o. 3
Soil N o. 4
Soil N o . 5
O verall
m ean
I
5 .5 9 E*
7 .8 8 E
7 .8 4 C
7 .8 8 E
9 .0 5 F
7 .6 5 F
2
4 .5 9 D
7 .8 4 E
7 .8 7 C
7 .7 4 D
8.83 E
7 .3 8 E
3
4 .3 3 C
7.71 D
' 7 .8 5 C
7 .7 6 D
8 .6 9 D
4
. 3 .3 2 B .
7 .5 8 C
7 .6 9 B
7 .6 0 C
8 .05 C
6 .8 5 C
5
3.18 A
7 .4 5 B
7 .6 6 B
7 .3 4 B
7 .5 0 B
6 .6 3 B
6
3 .1 4 A
7 .2 6 A
7 .5 7 A
6.9 1 A
5 .8 8 A
6 ,1 5 A
0.0434
6 .0405
0 .1135
0 .0 9 6 5
0 .0 3 6 6
7 .6 2 c
7 .7 5 d
7 .5 4 b
,8 .0 0 e
6 .9 9
L SD (.05)
Overall
mean**
0 .0 9 0 2 •
4 .0 2 a***
•
■
.
'
7 .2 7 D
* Means followed by the same letter in columns are not significantly different
(P=0.05)
** LSD (0.05) = 0.0335.
*** Means are.compared within the row.
;
32
Table 13. pH mean separation test between times for each soil over all rates:
T im e
Soil N o . I
Soil N o . 2
Soil N o . 3
Soil N o. 4
S oil N o . 5
O verall
m ean
4 .9 4 F*
7 .7 3 E
7 .8 6 D
7 .8 1 FG
8 .29 E
7 .3 3 H
2
4 .5 6 E
7 .7 4 E •
7 .7 8 CB
7 .6 5 D E
8 .3 0 E
7 .2 0 G
3
4 .0 5 C
7 .3 9 A
7 .6 4 A
7 .5 6 CBD
8.23 E
6 .9 7 E
4
3 .7 6 B
7 .5 2 B
7 .6 8 A
7 .4 7 CB
5
4 .3 8 D
7 .5 6 CB
7 .6 5 A
6
3.78 B
7 .6 5 D
I
3 .7 4 B
8
I
,
-
7 .9 4 CBD
6 .8 7 B
7 .7 1 FE
7 .9 9 D
7 .0 6 F
7 .7 7 CB
1.51 CDE
7 .9 3 CBD
6 .9 4 CDE
7 .6 2 CD
7 .7 5 B
7 .5 3 CBD
7 .8 3 B
6 .8 9 CB
3 .7 6 B
7 .7 1 E
7 .7 6 CB
7 .8 7 G
7 .6 5 A
6 .9 5 D E
9
3 .9 4 C
7 .6 1 CD
7 .7 8 CB
7 .4 2 B
7 .8 5 CB
6 .9 2 CBD
10
3.33 A
7.71 E
7 .8 0 C
6 .7 9 A
7 .9 7 .CD .
6 .7 2 A
L SD (:05)
0.1165
0 .0560
0.0523
0 .1465
0 .1 2 4 6
0.0473
Overall
mean**
4 .0 2 a***
7 .6 2 c
7 .7 5 d
7 .5 4 b
8 .0 0 e
6 .99
'
■
* Means followed by the same letter in columns are not significantly different
(P = 0.05).
** LSD (0.05) = 0.0335.
*** Means are compared within the row.
These data show a significant response to time for each soil over all rates.
These data also show each rate to have a significant effect across all five soils.
Tables 10 and 11 prove the responses to be a direct result of rate and time.
'i
Effective Rates For Soil pH Amendment
Assuming an optimum agricultural final soil pH between 7.0 and 7.5, the best
pyrite material rate for each soil was identified from the regression model for a Oneyear period. The selected rates have model derived final pH’s within the optimum
/
33
range, with significantly different treatment means from all other rates. Table 14
shows the optimum experimental treatment for each soil. It should be noted that for
all soils the treatment effect model has a negative slope, indicating a continued change
in pH with time. For this reason, Table 14 also shows adjusted optimum pyrite
material application rates to ensure that the buffering capacity of the soil is not
exceeded. The rates were adjusted using an equation developed in 1978 to predict the
1
percent of CaCO3 required to buffer the amount of acid potentially produced from
pyrite (Sobek et al., 1978); Sobek found:
% CaCO3 = % sulfur x 3.125
Table 14. Optimum and adjusted rates to correct soil pH to a 15 cm depth after one
year.
Soil No.
Untreated
Soil pH
CaCO3
%
Optimum
Rate No.
Optimum
Rate*
(kg/hectare)
Adjusted
Rate**
(kg/hectare)
I
5.59
0.2
I.
0
0
■ 2
7.88
3.9
5 .
200,000
69,340
7.84
18.0
6
400,000 '
320,000
7.88
. 3.0
4
100,000
53,340
9.05
1.9
4 •
100,000
33,780
3
4
5
.
'
* May acidify soil after one year.
** Adjusted not to exceed soil’s buffering capacity.
34
EC
Electrical conductivity was measured in a 2:1 water to soil solution for all
treatments at three different time intervals as shown in Table 6. These data are
presented in Figures 8 through 13.
. 35
Figure 8. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity during a 378day period (soil I).
Figure 9. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity during a 378day period (soil 2).
SOIL NO. 2
Pyrite
m aterial
0%
0.5%
1. 0 %
- Q -
5.0%
10. 0 %
20 . 0 %
DAY
36
Figure 10. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity during a
378-day period (soil 3).
SOIL NO. 3
Pyrite
material
DAY
Figure 11. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity during a
378-day period (soil 4).
SOIL NO. 4
Pyrite
material
0%
0.5%
1. 0 %
-Q-
5.0%
10. 0 %
20 . 0 %
DAY
37
Figure 12. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on electrical conductivity during a
378-day period (soil 5).
Pyrite
material
SOIL NO. 5
0%
0.5%
1. 0 %
-e -
5.0%
10. 0 %
20 . 0 %
DAY
Figure 13. Changes in pyrite material electrical conductivity during a 378-day period.
PYRITE MATERIAL
P 14 •
o 12
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
38
These data show a significant decrease in electrical conductivity between the
second and last data points in almost all cases. It is possible that the soils are
attenuating the salts created from the oxidation of the pyrite material. More probably,
because the tests were evaluated in an enclosed system with continuous salt
production, the last measurement is an analytical error. For this reason, and the fact
that only three measurements per treatment were taken, no statistical comparisons
were made. These data show significant increases in soil electrical conductivity for
rates five and six when compared to background levels.
Fe
Available iron responses to the six pyrite material rates were measured at three
times, as shown in Table 6. The iron is reported as milligrams of iron per kilogram
of soil. Figures 14 through 18 show.the treatment responses for each soil. Figure ,19
shows the increase in ,available iron with time for the pyrite material.
39
Figure 14. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron during a 378day period (soil I).
Pyrite
material
SOIL NO. 1
Figure 15. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron during a 378day period (soil 2).
Pyrite
material
SOIL NO. 2
—
i
0%
0.5%
1.0%
CD
O
Fe
160
140
(5 120
3100
-Q-
<
H
60 Z
40
20 •
5.0%
~
10.0%
—
100
200
DAY
20.0%
300
400
40
Figure 16. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron during a 378day period (soil 3).
Pyrite
material
SOIL NO. 3
—
0%
E
CL 100
O
Lu
•
0.5%
80 -
1.0%
60 -
-Q-
<
h- 40 Q
20 -
5.0%
CL
10.0%
0
100
200
DAY
20.0%
300
400
Figure 17. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron during a 378day period (soil 4).
SOIL NO. 4
material
0%
0.5%
1. 0 %
<
o
100
-Q-
■
50 -
5.0%
10. 0 %
20 . 0%
41
Figure 18. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on plant available iron during a 378
day period (soil 5).
SOIL NO. 5
Pyrite
material
Figure 19. Changes in pyrite material plant available iron over a 378-day period.
PYRITE MATERIAL
25000
20000
15000 <
Q
10000
•
5000 -
42
Significant differences in treatment responses were identified using analysis of
variance. Table 15 shows the mean separation tests for rate and time for each soil.
' Table 15. Fe mean separation test between rates and time for each soil.
R a te N o .
I
2
•
Soil N o . I
Soil N o. 2
Soil N o . 3
Soil N o. 4
2 0 .6 A *
4.1 A
4.3 A
12.1 A
8 5 .2 A
. 8.9 AB
10.4 B
8.9 A
Soil N o . 5
4 .4 A
8.5 AB
O verall
m ean
9 .1 A
2 4 .4 A
3
130.6 A
16.3 B
19.0 C
12.0 A
15.1 B
3 8 .6 AB
4
5 4 1 .0 AJB
5 3 .8 C
5 6 .6 D
3 3 .7 5 B
5 3 .9 C
147.8 BC
9 1 6 .2 B
89.1 D
91.3 E
62.3 C
131.3 D
2 5 8 .0 C
1757.00 C
143.3 E
107.3 F
, 143.8 D
2 2 6 .0 E
4 7 5 .4 D
10.6
2 .7
5
•
6
. LSD(.OS) .
Overall
mean**
562.9
5 7 5 .0 b***
5 2 .6 a
4 8 .1 2 a
!
I
121.5 A *
5 2 .0 AB
4 8 .8 B
2
151.0 A
5 7 .9 B
3
1453.0 B
4 7 .8 A
L S D (.05)
3 9 8.0
7 .5 2
13.8
4 5 .4 7 a
.
9.1
7 3 .2 a
111.3
158.9
Tim e
Overall
mean**
5 7 5 .0 b***
5 2 .6 a
•
.
3 1 ,2 A
5 7 .4 A
6 2 .2 A
5 7 .8 C
- 4 4.1 B
6 8 .8 B
7 6 .0 A
3 7.7 A
61.1 C
9 3 .4 C
3 3 8 .5 B
1.87
9.77
4 8.1 a
. 4 5 .5 a
' 6.4.
7 3 .2 a
7 8 .7
158.9
* Means followed by the same letter in columns are not significantly different
(P=O..05). '
** LSD (0.05) = 101.6.
*** Means are compared within the row.
These data in-Table 15 show similar iron responses for all soils except number
I. Soil number I is the only non-buffered soil. These data also show significant
43
responses to all but the first two rates of pyrite application. Time I and .2 show no
significant change for a two week period. Time 3 indicates a significant response
over the period of one year.
After one year, treatment number 4 for soils 2-5 showed significant increases
in available iron, which would alleviate iron deficiencies for most crops. Soil number
I was not iron deficient.
SOZ
Sulfate measurements were related to iron measurements. The six pyrite
material rates for each of the five soils were compared for sulfate increases with time.
The sulfate data for all five soils and the pyrite material are summarized in Figures 20
through 25.
44
Figure 20. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a 378-day
period (soil I).
SOIL NO. 1
10000
Sena,
0%
Ef 8000
0.5%
1. 0 %
5.0%
2000
-
-
10. 0 %
20 . 0 %
Figure 21. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a 378-day
period (soil 2).
SOIL NO. 2
2500 Q. 2000 H 1500
m=a,
0%
0.5%
1. 0 %
-G-
1000
co 500 -
5.0%
10. 0 %
20 . 0 %
45
Figure 22. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a 378-day
period (soil 3).
SOIL NO. 3
Pyrite
m aterial
Figure 23. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a 378-day
period (soil 4).
SOIL NO. 4
m ateria,
0%
0.5%
H 2000
1. 0 %
z> 1000
5.0%
10. 0 %
0
100
200
DAY
300
400 20 . 0 %
46
Figure 24. Effect of rate of pyrite material application on sulfate levels during a 378-day
period (soil 5).
SOIL NO. 5
Pyrite
m aterial
0%
£f4000
3000 <
2000
0.5%
1. 0 %
■
1000
5.0%
10. 0 %
20 . 0 %
Figure 25. Changes in pyrite material sulfate levels over a 378-day period.
PYRITE MATERIAL
30000
I? 25000
20000
c/5 10000
47
Significant differences in treatment responses were identified using analysis of
variance., Table 16 shows the mean separation tests for rate and time for each soil.
Table 16. SO42' mean separation test between rates and time for each soil.
R a te N o.
Soil N o . I
Soil N o. 2
Soil N o. 3
Soil N o. 4
Soil N o . 5
O verall
m ean
15 A *
2 5 .5 A
4 0 .8 A
6 5 .2 A
8 7 1 .4 A
’ 2 0 4 .0 A
197.1 A
102.5 B
143.5 B
103.7 A
1 0 5 4 .0 B
3
326.8 A
213.1 C
2 5 5 .8 C
2 1 1 .5 A
1 276.0 C
4
1761.0 B
9 2 8 .0 D
961.1 D
969.3 B .
2 4 6 1 .0 D
5
2 8 6 9 .0 C
1570.0 E.
■1409.0 E
1643.0 C
2 8 8 1 .0 E
2 0 7 4 .0 D
6
4 0 6 5 .0 D
2 4 6 6 .0 F
1743.0 F
2 5 5 5 .0 D
3 4 7 8 .0 F
2 8 6 1 .0 E
L S D (.05)
9 5 6.4
4 6 .0
49.9
171.4
7 0 .6 9
193.1
Overall
mean**
1539.0 b ***
884.5 a
7 58.8 a
, 9 24.6 a
2 0 0 4 .0 c
1222.0
I
2
-
• 3 2 0 .2 AB
4 5 6 .5 B
.
1416.0 C
Time
I
4 5 5 .0 A *
6 9 2 .4 A
6 4 7 .5 A
7 08.6 A
1 6 3 0 .0 A
8 26.6 A
2
574.1 A
9 5 7 .2 B
7 8 3 .9 B
868.7 B
1 807.0 B
■ 9 9 8 .2 B
3 588.0 B
1004.0 C
8 44.8 C
1197.0 C
2 5 7 3 .0 C
1841.0 C
' 35.27
121.2
5 0 .0
136.6
7 5 8 .8 a
9 24.6 a
2 0 0 4 .0 c
1222.0
3 ' ■
L $D (.05)
6 7 6.2
3 2 .5 "
Overall
mean**
1539.0 b***
884.5 a
* Means followed by the same letter in columns are not significantly different
(P=0.05).
** LSD (0.05) = 176.3.
*** Means are compared within the row.
Table 16 shows both rate and time with significant sulfate responses. Soils 2,
3, and 4 are highly calcareous and consequently reacted similarly.
48
Soils 1-4 displayed an increase in sulfate for rates 2 and 3 great enough to
alleviate sulfur deficiencies for most crops. Although Table 14 does not show these
rates to be significantly different from rate I for soils I and 4, these rates would be
significantly different if they were not compared to the greater treatment rates as
indicated by the high LSD values. Soil number 5 is not sulfur deficient, but would
benefit from increased acid content.
Pvrite Oxidation
Figures 19 and 25 show final Fe and SO42" values for the pyrite material to be
21,180 mg/kg and 25,075 mg/kg, respectively. The pyrite material was found to
contain 28% total Fe and 36% total S. Theoretically, fully oxidized pyrite material
could contain 28% available Fe and 36% SO42". After approximately one year, the
pyrite material contained 2% available Fe and 2.5% SO42'. These values are 7% of
their respective totals. This indicates that approximately 7% of the pyrite oxidized.
This also indicates that the treatments would continue to affect the soils for several
more years. A realistic long term optimum treatment would be significantly less than
the predicted optimum treatment rates for a one-year period.
Field Test Plots
The test plots were constructed as outlined in the Materials and Methods
section "Field Test Plots." After emergence, the plants on all plots exhibited good
vigor and color. No signs of nutrient deficiencies were noticed on any plots. By the
49
end of June, it became apparent due to the lack of precipitation that the irrigation
system was not providing an adequate amount of water. It was feared that the
drought stress would mask any treatment effects. By mid-July grasshoppers had
completely defoliated the crops. It was decided that trying to measure vegetative
responses to the treatments such as yield, iron, and sulfur content would be wasted
effort. The plots were harvested August 6, 1991. Although these data were
collected, no comparisons were made and these data are simply reported in Appendix
During harvest, soil samples were collected from each plot. Samples were
collected from the 0-8 cm depth with an Oakfield soil sampler. The samples from
each plot were composited to create one sample for the plots with a broadcast
treatment and 2 samples for the plots with a banded treatment (see Figure I). The
samples from the plots with a banded treatment were collected and composited as
follows; within the band area, designated plot number-B,.and 5 cm from the band
area, designated plot number-5. The samples were analyzed for 2:1 soil solution pH.
These data are summarized in Table 17.
50
Table 17. Test plot final pH values.
B lock
P lo t N o.
T reatm ent (kg/hectare)
pH
I
I
0
7 .2 7
I
2-B
1000 banded
I
2-5
1000 banded
7 .3 4
I
3
4000 broadcast
7.3 3
I
4
30 ammonium sulfate broadcast
7 .4 2
I
5-B
250 banded
7 ,5 0
I
5-5
250 banded
7 .50
I
6
2000 broadcast
7.5 9
I
7 -B
500 banded
7 .5 2
I
7-5
500 banded
7 .2 4
I
8-B
2000 banded
7.31
I
8-5
2000 banded
7.35
I
9
1000 broadcast
7 .3 0
2
10
1000 broadcast
7 .3 4
-
■
7.23
2
I l-B .
500 banded
7.46
2
11-5
500 banded
7 .4 9
2
12
2000 broadcast
8.35
2
13-B
2000 banded
8.38
2
13-5
2000 banded
8.44
2
14-B
1000 banded
8.40
2
14-5
1000 banded
8.46
15
30 ammonium sulfate broadcast
8.49
16
0
-
17
4000 broadcast
8 .4
2
18-B
250 banded
8.46
2
18-5
250 banded
7.6 9
2 .
2
2 /
.
.
51
Table 17 continued.
B lock
T reatm ent (kg/hectare)
pH
3
19-B
1000 banded
7.59
3
19-5
1000 banded .
7.77
3
20
4000. broadcast
7 .7 4
3
21-B
250 banded
7.76
3
21-5
250 banded
7 .8 2
22
0
3
2 3 -B
2000 banded
8.21
3
23-5
2000 banded
8.20
3
24
3 '
vH
OO
.
P lo t N o . .
1
i
. 1000 broadcast
8.11
)
3
2 5 -B
. 500 banded 1
3
25-5
500 banded
8.21
3
26
30 ammonium sulfate broadcast
8.22
3
27
4
28-B
250 banded
8.14
4
28-5
250 banded
8.16
29-B
2000 banded
8.10
4
29-5
2000 banded
8.18
4
3 O-B •
1000 banded
8.04
4
30-5
1000 banded '
8.16
31
2 0 0 0 broadcast
8.17
4
32
1000 broadcast
8,16
4
33-B
500 banded
8.10
4
33-5
500 banded
8.12
•
34
30 ammonium sulfate broadcast
8.14
4 ■
35
0
8.09
4
36
4000 broadcast
8.06
4
.
4
4
•
.
■* 2000 broadcast
. 8.17
8.18
.
52
The overall mean pH for the control was 7.72. The overall mean pH for the
highest broadcast treatment (4000 kg/hectare) was 7.90 and the overall mean pH for
the greatest banded treatment (2000 kg/hectare) sampled within the band was 8.00.
During sampling, unoxidized pyrite was observed within the band treatments. Since
the pyrite was mixed with the soil just thirteen weeks prior to sampling, it would
appear, based on the results of the bench top study, that very little of the pyrite had
oxidized. Additionally, the surface of the test plots remained near wilting point
moisture capacity for a portion of that time. For these reasons it was concluded that
the pyrite material should be mixed with the soil for a greater length of time to
achieve results. No further analyses or comparisons were made with the soil samples.
Demonstration Plots
To visually verify the bench top study results, numerous non-replicated
demonstration plots were constructed as outlined in the section "Demonstration Plots."
Although plots were established with numerous crops, the only notable visual
responses occurred with grass. A very distinct "greening" was observed on alkaline
soil turf trials within two weeks after application.
As mentioned in that section, several tons of pyrite material were shipped to
r
Soda Springs Phosphate’s phosphate fertilizer plant in Idaho to be agglomerated into
prills. During the prilling process 2% by weight of sulfuric acid was added to the
pyrite material. Some of the prilled material was spread at a rate of 2000 kg/hectare
53
on grass and potato test plots on soils 3 and 4. No response was observed on these
plots. The same rate and material was applied to a fairway at the Three Forks,
Montana golf course. An adjacent fairway was treated with a similar rate of the
commercially available.'Tronite" iron fertilizer. Within days, both treatments
responded equally by turning the turf dark green. Similar responses were observed
on turf with this prilled material with application rates as low as 500 kg/hectare.
Application rates from 2000 to 4000 kg/hectare were shown to benefit pasture
grass establishment on alkaline/saline soils. Trees and shrubs growing in alkaline soil
were also shown to respond with a darker green leaf color.
54
CONCLUSION
To meet the study objectives and determine if the Golden Sunlight Mine pyrite
material could be used as a soil amendment for alkaline soils, a two-phase study was
designed. Phase one was a laboratory study and phase two was a field study. The
I
laboratory study produced very good results and the field study failed due to natural
causes. The laboratory study proved that various alkaline soils can respond
favorably, in similar manners, to additions of the pyrite material.
The laboratory bench top study revealed that approximately 7% of the finely
'v
-
ground pyrite oxidized in a one-year period. At very high application rates the pyrite
was found to significantly alter pH, available iron, and sulfate levels in a one-year
period. Table 18.shows the application rates for each soil which corrected soil pH
and increased Fe and SO42" after one year. A regression equation model was created
to explain the time and treatment interaction effects on soil pH. The model identified
a significant two-way interaction. Analysis of variance revealed significant
differences between all treatment rates evaluated. Because the model and analysis
showed soil responses to all treatments and the pyrite was only 7% oxidized, these
data suggest that much lower application rates would be suitable for longer periods.
Table 18 shows estimated pyrite material application rates for long term soil
55
treatment. Since the model showed pH decreases in all treated soils, it was concluded
that pyrite could acidify a soil, and therefore should not be applied to non-buffered
soils.
Table 18. Estimated optimum pyrite material application rates to correct alkaline
agricultural soil problems to a soil depth of 15 cm.
S oil N o.
U ntreated
Soil p H
C aC O 3
%
A pplication R equired
T o D eplete B uffering
C apacity
P ractical
A pplication For
G radual C orrection
I
5 .5 9
0 .2
O
0
2
7 .8 8
3.9
6 9 ,3 4 0
10,000
3
7 .8 4
18.0
32 0 ,0 0 0
20;000
4
7 .8 8
3 .0
5 3 ,3 4 0
10,000
5
9 .0 5
. 1.9 '
3 3 ,7 8 0
10,000
.
Table 18 shows the correlation between CaCO3 content and pyrite requirement.
The amount of pyrite material that can potentially deplete the CaCO3 buffering
capacity of a soil can be determined by the following equation:
% sulfur = % CaCO3 4- 3.125
At no time should the pyrite material application exceed the buffering capacity
of the soil or the soil may become acidic. Well buffered soils, such as soils 2,through
5, show significant increases in available iron and sulfate prior to significant decreases
in pH.
56
Based on these data, a realistic approach for application to alkaline agricultural
soils would be to apply 500-1000 kg/hectare/year for several years until soil testing
indicates a .correction in pH.
This study shows conclusively that the Golden Sunlight Mine pyritic waste
material is very effective for reducing pH, increasing available iron, and increasing
sulfate levels in alkaline agricultural soils.
REFERENCES CITED
58
)
REFERENCES CITED
Allison, L.E., and Moodie, C.D. 1965. Geometric method for loss of carbon dioxide,
p. 1388. In: C.A. Black (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Amer. Soc. Agron.,
Mono. 9, Part 2, Madison, WL
Banath, C. L., and Holland, T, F. 1976. Iron pyrite as a sulphur fertilizer in
alkaline soil. Aust. J. Exp. Agric.. Animal Hus. 16:376-381.
Bardsley, C.E., and Lancaster, J.D. 1965. Acetate soluble sulfate, p 1111. In: C.A,
Black (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Amer. Soc. Agron., Mono. 9, Part 2,
.Madison, WL
Barrau, E. Mlj and Berg, W. A. 1977. Pyrite and mill tailings as a source of iron
in a calcareous Fe-deficient soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. I. 41:385-388.
Caruccio, F. T., Geidel, G,, and Pelletier, M. 1981. Occurrence and prediction of
acid drainages. I. Energy Div., ASCE, 107:EY1.
Caruccio, F. T., and Ferm, I. C. 1974. Paleoenvironment-predictor of acid mine
drainage problems. Fifth Symp. on Coal Mine drainage Research. National
Coal Assoc., Wash. D, C.
Day, P.R. 1965. Particle fractionation, and particle-size analysis, pp. 545-567. In:
C.A. Black (ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Amer. Soc. Agron. Mono. 9, Part
2. Madison, WL
Follett, R. H., Murphy, C. S., and Donahue, R. L. 1981. Fertilizers and soil
amendments. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N. J.
Harmeson, G. W., Quispel, A., and Otzen, D. 1954. ' Observations on the
formation and oxidation of pyrite in the soil. Plant Soil. 54:423-448.
Hossner, L. R. 1988. Reclamation of surface mined lands. CRC Press. 1:161185.
59
Keeney, D.R., and Nelson, D.U. 1982. p. 676. In: A.L. Page (ed.). Methods of soil
analysis. Amefi Soc. Agron. Mono. No. 9, Part 2, 2nd Ed. Madison, WL
1159 p.
Metson, A. J., Blakemore, C. C., and Chittenden, E. T. 1971. Iron pyrite as
sulfur fertilizers: Field trials with grass-clover pasture on a gley podzol soil at
Golden, Bay, "Nelson. N. Z. J. Sci. 141:104-133.
National Technical Information Service, NTIS. 1991. Assessment of factors affecting
pyrite reactivity. Prepared for U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa.
p. 12-19.
Odelien, M. 1967. Sulfur in Norwegian agriculture. Sulfur Inst. J. 24:14-15.
Olson, R.V., and Roscoe, E. Ir. DTPA extractable iron. 1982. p. 309. In: A.L. Page
(ed.). Methods of soil analysis. Amer. Soc. Agron., Mono! No. 9, Part 2, 2nd
Ed. Madison, WL 1159 p.
Olsen, S.R., and Sommers, L.E. 1982. Phosphorus. In: A.L. Page (ed.). Methods of
soil analysis. Amer. Soc. Agron. Mono. No. 9, Part 2, 2nd Ed. Madison, WL
. H59 p.
Rhoades, J.D. 1982. Cation exchange capacity, pp. 149-157. In: A.L. Page (ed.),
. Methods of soil analysis. Amer. Soc. Agron. Mono. No. 9, Part 2, 2nd Ed.,
Madison, WL 1159 p.
Ryan, I., and Stroehlein, I. L. 1976. Copper industrial by-products for improving
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Sims, J.R., and Haby, V.A. 1970. Simplified colorimetric determination of soil
organic matter. Soil Sci. 112(2): 137-141.
Smith, E. E., and Shumate, K. S. 1970. Sulfide to sulfate.reaction mechanism.
Water Pollution Control Res. Ser. Rept. 14010 FPS 02/70, Fed. Water
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■
Stumm, W., and Morgan, I. I. 1981. Aquatic chemistry, 2nd Ed. WileyInterscience, N.Y.
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Sulphur Institute. 1979. Treating irrigated arid-land soils with acid-forming sulphur
compounds. Technical Bulletin no. 24. Sulphur Institute, Wash. D. C.
. p. 1-6.
Tiwari, K. N. 1990. Sulphur research and agricultural production in Uttar
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61
C
)
APPENDICES
62
APPENDIX A
BENCH TOP STUDY DATA
63
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
I rb
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc
35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
51 kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
I
1
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
DISHI PHI
REP DATE1
Pel
S041
pHIAV FeIAV S041AV
—
13-Aug-91
I 13-Aug-91
I
5.36
20
30
5.545
22.5
17.75
2
2
5.62
22
18
3
3
5.52
26
13
4
4
5.68
22
10
I
5
5.54
35
38 5.4425
32.75
48
2
6
5.59
29
40
7
3
4.94
41
68
4
8
5.70
26
46
I
9
5.03
79
164
5.485
48.25 109.25
2
10
5.79
42
87
11
3
5.45
32
91
4
12
5.67
40
95
I
13
141
4.92
481
4.785
114.5 416.75
14
2
4.66
92
372
15
4.71
3
121
463
4
16
4.85
104
351
I
17
4.40 204
743 4.4325
205.5 816.75
2
18
4.53
887
188
19
194
3
4.39
904
4
20
4.41
236
733
I
21
3.90 339
1350 3.9575
305.5
1321.5
22
2
3.93 308
1314
23
3
3.86 349
1656
24
4.14 226
4
966
25
I
7.81
46
230 7.8725
16.75
82.25
7.84
2
26
7
35
27
3
7.87
7
32
4
28
7.97
7
32
29
I
7.88
9
79 7.9325
8.75
72.75
30
2
7.90
9
78
31
3
7.95
8
67
4
32
8.00
67
9
I
33
7.91
11
144 7.9175
144
10.75
34
2
7.89
144
11
3 35
7.92
144
11
4
36
7.95 • 10
144
37
I
7.76
27
705
7.785
26.25
671.5
38
2
7.78
25
658
3
39
7.80
26
663
4
40
7.80
27
660
41
44
I
7.71
1423
7.735
44
1423
42
44
2
7.73
1423
44
43
3
7.75
1423
44
4
44
7.75
1423
I
45
7.59
81
1845
7.615
80.75
1858
46
2
7.61
81
1883
47
3
7.63
82
1872
4
48
7.63
79
1832
49
8.09
I
5
42
8.075
4.5
37.25
50
2
8.08
5
36
3
51
4
8.06
35
4
52
8.07
4
36
I
53
7.99
10
88 7.9825
9.75
87.25
54
2
7.97
10
87
55
3
8.00
9
85
4
56
7.97
10
89
57
7.94
I
19
168 7.9375
18.5 170.25
2
58
7.93
16
154
59
3
7.94
21
188
4
60
7.94
18
171
61
I
7.82
50
699 7.8125
51.25 677.75
62
2
7.81
52
615
3
63
7.82
50
677
64
4
7.80
53
720
65
I
7.68
97
1281
7.6575
91.75
1270
66
7.49
2
95
1232
67
3
7.71
85
1312
64
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 me
81 me
82 me
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 me
91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
101 sm
102 sm
103 sm
104 sm
105 sm
106 sm
107 sm
108 sm
109 sm
110 sm
111 sm
112 sm
113 sm
114 sm
115 sm
116 sm
117 sm
118 sm
119 sm
120 sm
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
REP DATEI
13-Aug-91
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
DISHI PHI
Fel
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
1201
1202
1203
1204
90
124
117
113
115
5
4
4
4
10
10
9
9
18
18
18
17
51
46
52
55
88
95
84
88
140
147
139
138
5
4
4
3
10
10
9
10
18
16
18
15
71
61
59
50
113
112
106
116
148
146
138
135
1982
1918
1950
1986
7.75
7.68
7.69
7.64
7.66
7.94
7.91
7.90
7.90
7.89
7.85
7.86
8.33
8.14
8.03
7.97
7.97
7.74
7.67
7.61
7.54
7.44
7.45
7.42
7.39
7.36
7.32
7.38
7.41
8.76
8.73
8.70
8.70
8.47
8.46
8.54
8.47
8.66
8.59
8.50
8.59
8.08
8.13
8.15
8.13
7.98
7.96
7.95
7.96
7.84
7.81
7.91
7.93
3.26
3.20
3.26
3.26
S041
pHIAV
1255
1653 7.6675
1657
1621
1640
33 7.9125
17
13
16
76 7.9825
83
63
67
159 8.0275
141
143
131
658
7.64
628
576
655
1181
7.425
1084
1184
1178
2121 7.3675
2163
2240
2008
879 8.7225
869
880
858
905
8.485
1003
977
972
1091
8.585
996
1152
1178
1852 8.1225
1902
1804
1741
2297 7.9625
2289
2350
2230
2665 7.8725
2810
2743
2669
5725
3.245
5860
6385
6257
FeIAV
S041AV
117.25 1642.75
4.25
19.75
9.5
72.25
17.75
143.5
51
629.25
88.75 1156.75
141
2133
4
871.5
9.75
964.25
16.75 1104.25
60.25
1824.75
111.75
2291.5
141.75 2721.75
1959 6056.75
65
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
I ft)
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc
35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
51 kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
REP DATE2
DISH2 PH2 Fe 2
S042
pH2AV FeZAV SQ42AV
28-Aug-91
I 28-Aug-91
121 5.62
23
26 5 .B A 2 5
23.5
18
2
122 5.82
23
17
3
123 5.81
26
14
4
124 5.92
22
15
I
125 5.32
37
91 5.0425
54.25
126
2
126 4.62
76
201
3
44
127 5.31
69
4
128 4.92
60
143
I
129 5.04
54
204
4.97
63 197.75
2
130 4.76
65
239
3
131 5.20
60
172
4
132 4.88
73
176
I
133 4.30
145
509
4.285
154.5 534.75
2
134 4.33
164
485
3
135 4.20
146
519
4
136 4.31
163
626
I
137 3.76
236
901 3.6025
275.5 952.25
2
138 3.81
243
923
3
139 3.78
261
902
4
140 3.06
362
1083
141 3.59
I
342
1505 3.6125
335.5
1616
2
142 3.60
322
1726
3
143 3.62
336
1580
144 3.64
4
342
1653
I
145 7.78
28
163
7.755
15.25
83.75
2
146 7.75
14
75
3
147 7.73
10
56
4
148 7.76
9
41
149 7.72
I
12
111
7.635
11.5
102.5
2
150 7.75
11
101
3
151 7.47
11
102
4
152 7.60
12
96
1
153 7.59
16
210 7.6675
15.75
196
154 7.65
2
16
154
3
155 7.70
15
195
4
156 7.73
•16
185
I
157 7.54
41
944 7.6625
39.75 898.75
2
158 7.66
38
883
3
159 7.69
41
904
4
160 7.66
39
864
I
161 7.61
70
1623
7.61
68.75 1658.5
2
162 7.57
67
1683
3
163 7.62
70
1649
4
164 7.64
68
1679
I
165 7.55
113
2296 7.5475 113.75 2272.5
2
166 7.55
114
2284
3
167 7.55
117
2294
4
168 7.54
111
2216
I
169 8.02
5
54
7.97
5.25
49.25
2
170 7.97
5
42
3
171 7.95
6
61
4
172 7.94
5
40
I
173 7.85
14
122 7.8675
13.75
128.75
2
174 7.86
14
127
3
175 7.89
13
150
4
176 7.87
14
116
I
177 7.84
21
271 7.8325
21.75 264.75
2
178 7.85
22
247
3
179 7.82
20
264
4
180 7.82
24
277
I
181 7.75
81
1304 7.7925
76
1015
2
182 7.79
73
940
3
183 7.80
74
894
184 7.83
4
76
922
I
185 7.70
106
1493 7.7275 103.75 1485.25
186 7.71
2
108
1550
3
187 7.76
100
1372
66
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 me
81 me
82 me
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 me
91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
101 sm
102 sm
103 sm
104 sm
105 sm
106 sm
107 sm
108 sm
109 sm
110 sm
111 sm
112 sm
113 sm
114 sm
115 sm
116 sm
117 sm
118 sm
119 sm
120 sm
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
REP DATE2
28-Aug-91
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
DISH2
.........
168
169
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
1205
1206
1207
1208
PH2 Fe2
5042
pHZAV FeZAV S042AV
""""
7.74
101
1526
7.59
128
1817
7.47
126.5 1760.25
7.33
132
1713
7.38
126
1771
7.58
120
1740
8.00
7
80
7.965
5
44.25
7.98
5
46
4
7.92
26
7.96
4
25
7.89
12
92 7.8775
11.25
93.5
7.88
11
89
7.86
11
90
7.68
11
103
7.82
22
233 7.8375
21.5 241.75
7.84
23
243
7.84
20
275
7.85
21
216
7.71
65
1026 7.7225
64 964.75
64
7.71
948
7.73
62
948
7.74
65
937
7.66
102
1901 7.5275
97.5 1758.25
7.70
98
1700
95
7.30
1642
7.45
95
1790
7.47
156
7.49 148.25 2640.5
2685
7.49
141
2542
7.49
144
2676
7.51
152
2659
9.00
8
989
8.955
6.25 915.25
8.94
7
893
8.95
4
944
8.93
6
835
8.77
11
911 8.7425
10.75
972.5
8.75
11
1001
8.77
.1 0
989
8.68
11
989
8.57
28
1257
8.57
21 1219.25
8.55
19
1213
8.62
17
1298
8.54
20
1109
8.05
78
2262
8.05
69.75 2296.75
64
8.07
2223
8.08
63
2304
74
8.00
2398
7.98
135
2460
7.98 125.75 2494.25
8.00
127
2494
7.97
122
2429
7.97
119
2594
7.46
186
2724 7.5125
179.5 2946.25
7.53
186
3110
7.49
172
3088
7.57
174
2863
2.84
4646
8300 2.8775 5007.5 8597.25
2.88
5294
8282
2.88
5782
9240
2.91
4308
8567
67
PLOT SOIL TRT
RATE
REP DATE3
DISH3 PH3 pH3AV
03-Oct-91 ******* *******
1 rb
I
0.00
I 03-Oct-91
241
5.12
5.19
2 rb
1 . 0.00
2
242 5.34
3 rb
■1
0.00
3
243 5.22
4 rb
1
0.00
4
244 5.08
5 rb
0.25
2
. 1
245 4.36
4.535
6 rb
2
0.25
2
246 4.51
7 rb
0.25
2
3
247 4.64
8 rb
2 . 0.25
4
248 4.63
9 rb
3
0.50
1
249 4.58. 4.5475"
10 rb
3
0:50
2
250 4.50
11 rb
3
.0.50. .
3
251 4.53
12 rb
3
0.50
4
. 252 4.58
13 rb
■ ' 4
2.50
1
253 3.51
3.46
14 rb
4
2.50
2
254 3.46
15 fb ■
2.50
4
3
255. 3.42
16 rb
4
2.50
4
256 3.45
17 rb
5
5.00
I
257 3.29
3.3675
18 rb
5
5.00
2
258 3.42
19 rb
5
5.00
3
259 3.33
20 rb
5
5.00
4
260 3.43
21 rb
6
10.00
1
261
3.13
3.1875
22 rb
6
10.00
2
262 3.16
23 rb
6.
10.00
3
263 3.31
24 rb .
6 • 10.00
■ 4
264 3.15
25 kc
1
0.00
I
265 . 7.67
7.7725
26 kc
0.00 ..
1
2
266 7.74
27 kc
0.00
I
3
267 7.78
, 28 kC
1
0:00
4
268 7.90
29 kc
0.25
2
1
269 7.81
7.6775
30 kc
2
0.25
2
270 7.86
31 kc
2
0.25
3
271
7.51
32 kc
0.25
2
272 7.53
4 .
33 kc
0.50
3
1 273 .7.55
7.61
34 kc
3
0.50
2
274 7.60
35 kc
3
0.50
3
275 7.62
36 kc.
3 ■ 0.50
4
276 7.67
37 kc
2.50
4
1
277 7.49
7.4925
38 kc
4
2.50
■ 2
278 7.45
39 kc
2.50
4
3
279 7.54
40 kc .
4
2.50
4.
280 7.49
41 kc
5
5.00
1
281 7.40
7.4525
.42 kc
'5
5.00
' 2
'
282 7.44
43 kc
5
5.00
3
283 7.47
44 kc
5
5.00
.4
284. 7.50
• 45 kc
6
10.00
1
285 7.34
7.355
46 kc
6
10.00
2
286 7.30
47 kc
6
10.00
3
287 7.38
■ 48 kc
6
4
10.00
288 7.40
49 kp
1
0.00
1
289 7.85
7.8175
50 kp..
0.00
2
290 7.80
1.
* # -» * * * * * ♦ *
68
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
51 kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 me
81 me
82 me
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 me
91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
1
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
0.25
2
0.25
2
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.59
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
T
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6 . 10.00
6
10,00
6
10.00
6
’ 10.00
0.00
1
0.00
1
1
0.00
1
0.00
REP DATES
03-Oct-91
3
4
1
2
3
4
I.
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
,4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
DISKS PHS pHSAV
* lr* * * * -e tre ft
*'*****
291 . 7.78
292 7.84
.293 7.68
7.7075
294 7.70
295 7.76
296 7.69
297 7.65
7.685
298 7.68
299 7.71
300 7.70
301
7.49
7.565
302 7.65
303 '7 .6 0
304' 7.52
305 7.59
7.59
306 7.62
307 7.59
308 7.56
309 7.54
7.4975
. 310 7.50
311
7.47
312 7.48
313 7.79
7.7775
314 7.78
315 7.80
316 7.74
317 7.47
7.645
318 7.70
319 7.68
320 7.73
321
7.26
7.39
322 7.38
323 7.45
324 7.47
325 7.19
7.285
326 7.26
327 7.33
328 7.36
329 7.23
7.2125
330 7.23
331
7.21
332 7.18
333 7.04
7
334 6.92'
335 6.94
336 7.10
337 9.10
8.99
338 8.94
339 8.96
340 8.96
. 69
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
101 sm •
2
0.25
102 sm
2
0.25
103 sm
• 2
0.25
104 sm
2
0.25
105 sm
3
0.50
106 sm
.3
0.50
3
107 sm .
0.50
108 sm
3
0.50
109 sm
2.50
. 4
110 sm
4
2.50
111 sm
4
2.50
4
112 sm
2.50
113 sm
5
5.00
114 sm
5
5.00
115 sm
5 ' 5.00
116 sm
5
5.00
117 sm
6
10.00
118 sm
6
10.00
119 sm
6.
10.00
120 sm
6
10.00
7
100.00
7
100.00
7
100.00
7
100.00
REP DATES
DISH3PH3 pH3AV
**********
03-Oct-91 *******
. 1
341
8.74
8.7625
2
342 8.80
3
343 8.73
4
344 8.78
I
345 8.57
8.5525
2
346 8.50
3
347 8.60
4
348 8.54
1
349 8.09
8.0875
2
350 8.07
3
351
8.13
4
352 8.06
353 7.97
I
7.93
2
354 7.89
3
355 7.89
4
356 7.97
• 1
357 7.20
7.025
2
' 358 7.16
3
. 359 7.18
4
360 6.56
1
1209 3.00
3.0225
2
1210 2.96
.3
1211
3.08
4
1212 3.05
70
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
I rb
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc
35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
I
1
1
1
2
2
2
.
2
3
3
3
’ 3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
•6
6
6
6
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
'■ 6
6
1
I
REP DATE4
30-Oct-91
0.00
I 30-Oct-91
0.00
2
3
0.00
0.00
4
0.25
I
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.25
4
0.50
1
0.50
2
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
1
2.50
2
2.50
3
2.50 ■
.4
5.00
I
5.00
2
5.00
3
5.00
4
10.00
I
10.00
2
3
10.00
10.00
4
0.00
I
0.00
2
3
0.00
0.00
4
0.25
I
0.25
2
3
0.25
0.25
4
0.50
1
0.50
2
3
0.50
0.50
4
2.50
1
2.50
2
2.50
3
2.50
4
1
5.00
5.00
2
5.00
3
5.00
4
10.00
1
10.00.
2
. 10.00
3
10.00
4
0.00
I
0.00
2
DISH4 PH4 EC4
pH4AV
******* ******** ***********
361 4.79 0.110
5.0375
362 4.94 0.100
363 5.34 0.066
364 5.08 0.116
365 4.28 0.395
4.335
366 4.41 0.191
367 4.26 0.234
368 4.39 0.162
369 4.10 0.267
3.945
370 4.14 0.223
. 371 3.87 0.182
• 372 3.67 0.204
373 2.74 2.220
2.8775
374 2.90 ■ 1.790
375 2.77 2.510
376 3.10 1.420
377 2.99 2.200
3,1975
378 3.01 2.450
379 2.89 2.850
380 3.90 2.650
381 3.26 2.080
3.1775
382 3.16 2.240
383. 3.19 2.350
384 3.10 1.950
385 7.84 0.193
7.835
386 7.80 0.235
387 7.91 0.197
388 7.79 0.203
389 7.54 0.568
7.4575
390 7.38 0.475
391 7.44 0.411
392 7.47 0.438
393 7.41 0.591
7.4925
394 7.47 0.531
395 7.51 0.579
396 7.58 0.402
397 7.45 1.099
7.4625
398 7.40 1.371
399 7.46 1.007
400 7.54 1.104
401 7.20 2.400
7.28
402 7.19 2.030
403 7.35 2.140
404 7.38 1.910
. 405 7.26 2.640
7.2725
406 7.50 2.790
407 7.11 2.760
408 7.22 2.700
409 7.95 0.195
7,825
410 7.92 0.254
EC4AV
**********
0.098
0.2455
0.219
1.985
2.5375
2.155
0.207
0.473
'
0.52575
1.14525
2.12
2.7225
0.21475
71
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
51 kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
. 69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
1 73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 m e
81 me
82 me
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 m e
87 m e
88 me
89 me
90 me
91 me
92 me
93 m e
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
I
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50 •
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6 . 10.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
I
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
. 0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00 '
6
10.00
10.00
6
6
10.00
6
10.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
REP DATE4
DISH4 PH4
30-Oct-91
3
411
7.65
4
412 7.78
1
413 7.72
2
414 7.73
3
415 7.70
4
416 7.77
1
417 7.67
2
418 7.70
3
419 7.68
4
420 7.71
1
421 7.51
2
422 7.59
3
423 7.60
4
424 7.62
1
425 7.60
2
• 426 7.63
3
427 7.62
4
428 7.64
I
429 7.57
2
430 7.59
3
431
7.65
4
432 7.63
I
433 7.86
2
434 7.83
3
435 7.74
4
436 7.73
1
437 7.75
2
438 7.72
3
439 7.64
4
440 7.70
1
441 7.40
2
442 7.48
3
443 7.57
4
444 7.55
1
445 7.50
2
446 7.56
3
447 7.58
4
448 7.51
449 7.43
I
2
450 7.43
3
451
7.38
4
452 7.43
I
453 7.26
2
454 7.35
3
455 7.03
4
456 ' 7.07
I
457 8.87
2
458 8.71
3
459 8.90
4
460 8.66
EC4
pH4AV
EC4AV
* * * * * * * * * *
0.235
0.175
0.256
0.425
0.460
0.373
0.730
0.588
0.674
0.568
1.049
0.966
0.967
0.949
1.687
1.289
1.635
1.683
2.380
2.390
2.230
2.270
0.190
0.201
0.223
0.237
0.256
0.295
0.266
0.334
0.473
0.415
0.348
0.479
1.130
0.845
0.917
1.087
1,438
1:770
1.745
1,874
2.370
3.410
2.400
2.440
3.850
3.820
3.690
3.840
7.73
0.3785
7.69
0.64
7.58
0.98275
7.6225
1.5735
7.61
2.3175
7.79
0.21275
7.7025
0.28775
7.5
0.42875
7.5375
0.99475
7.4175
1.70675
7.1775
2.655
.8.785
3.8
72
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
101 sm
102 sm
103 sm
104 sm
105 sm
106 sm
107 sm
108 sm
109 sm
110 sm
111 sm
112 sm
113 sm
114 sm
115 sm
116 sm
117 sm
118 sm
119 Sm
120 sm
■
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
REP DATE4
DISH4 PH4 EC4
pH4AV EC4AV
********** **********
*******
30-Oct-91
461
I
8.63 3.610
8.6825
4.01
2
462 8.77 3.320
3
.463 8.70 4.000
4
464 8.63 5.110
1
465 8.53 4.470
8.49
4.87
2
466 8.40 5.250
3
467 8.50 4.640
4
468 8.53 5.120
1
469 7.87 . 5.550
7.9475
5.465
2
470 7.89 5.090
3
471
7.91 5.150
4
472 8.12 6.070
1
473 7.86 4.460
7.7825
4.9325
2
474 7.76 4.280.
3
475 7.71 5.310
4
476 7.80 5.680
1
477 5.77 4.530
5.975
5.6525
478 5.81 5.970
2
3
479 6.37 5.320
480 5.95 6.790
4
1
1213 2.99 15.820 . 2.845
11.705
1214 2.75 9.060
2
3
1215 2.78 11.490
4
1216 2.86 10.450
73
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
1
.1 rb
1
2 rb
3 rb
1
4 rb
1
5 rb
2
2
6 rb
7 rb
2
2
8 rb
3
9 rb
10 rb .
3
3
11 rb
3
12 rb
13 rb
•4
14 rb
4
15 rb
4
' 16 rb
4
1 7 ,rb
5
18 rb
5
19 rb
5
20 rb
5
21 rb
6
6
22 rb
6
23 rb
24 rb
6
25 kc
i
1
26 kc
1
27 kc
28 kc
1
29 kc
2
30 kc
. 2
31 kc
2
32 kc
2
33 kc
3
34 kc
3
35 kc
3
3
36 kc
37 kc,
4
4
38 kc
39 kc
4
40 kc
4
5
41 kc
42 kc
5
43 kc
5
44 kc
5
6
45 kc
6
46 kc
. 47 kc
6
6.
48 kc
49 kp
- 1
50 kp
1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
6.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00,
0.00
REP DATES
26-Nov-9i
1 26-Nov-91
2
3
. 4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
.
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3 '
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
. 2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
DISH5 PH5
p HSAV
....... ....... **********
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
• 508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515'
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
. 530
5.45
5.50
5.60
5.52
4.55
4.51
4.69
4.77
4.61
4.55
4.74
4.75
3.98
4.01
3.72
3.90
3.60
3.85
3.90
3.88
3.71
3.77
3.79
3.83
8.41
8.40
8.45
8.44
8.36
8.30
7.32
7.40
7.58
7.62
7.65
7.69
7.61
7.59
7.53
7.56
7.53
7.48
6.55
6.59
7.42
7.90
7.83
7.83
7.86
7.91
5.5175
4.63
4.6625
3.9025
3.8075
3.775
8.425
7.845
7.635
7.5725
7.0375
7.745
7.885
74
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
51 kp
1
52 kp
. 1
53 kp
2
54 kp
2
55 kp
2
56 kp
2
3
.57. kp
58 kp
3
59 kp '
3
60 kp
3
61 kp
4
62 kp
4
• 63 kp
. 4
64 kp
4
65 kp ■
5
66 kp
5
67 kp
5
68 kp
5
69 kp
6
70 kp
6
71 kp
6
72 kp
6
73 me
1
74 me
1
75 me
1
1
76 me
77 me
2
78 me
2
79 me
2
80 me
2
81 me
3
3
82 me
83 me
3
64 me
3
.4
85 me
86 me
4
■4
87 me
88 me
4
89 me .
5
90 me
5
91 me
5
92 me
5
93 me
. 6
94 me
6
6
95 me
96 me
6
1
97 sm
98 sm
1
99 sm
I
100 sm
1
.
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50.
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50 .
2.50
' 5.00 ■
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
.2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
REP DATES
26-Nov-91
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
.3
4
I
2
3
4
DISKS PH5
. 531
532
533
534
535
' 536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567 '
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
7.94
7.83
7.84
7.89
7.86
7.86
7.76
7.82
7.85
7.79
7.00
7.27
7.44
7.51
7.46
7.47
7.58
7.59
7.42
7.49
7.51
7.61
7.64
7.66
7.64
.7.65
7.62
7.63
7.61
7.68
7.60
7.60
7.63
7.61
7.47
7.48
7.53
7.54
7.50
7.52
7.51
7.54
7.51
7.49
7.43
7.43
8.75
8.87
8.83
8.82
pH5AV
7.8625
7.805
7.305
7.525
7.5075
-
7.6475
7.635
7.61
7.505
7.5175
7.465
8.8175
75
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
. 10.00
10.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
REP DATES
26-Nov-91
1.
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
' 4
1
. 2
. 3 •
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
DISKS PH5
581
8.64
582 8.62
583 8.70
584 8.71
585 8.52
586 8.62
587 8.55
■ 588 8.47
589 8.01
590 8.00
591
7.87.
592 7.94
593 7.73
594 7.68
595 7.70
596 7.53
597 6.74
598 6.28
599 6.28
600 6.00
1217 3.02
1218 3.01
1219 : 3.05
1220 3.04
pH5AV
###**#****
8.6675
8.54
7.955
7.66
6.325
3.03
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
I rb
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc
35 kc
" 36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
R E P DATE6
DISH6
30-Dec-91
'
1 30-Dec-91
1'
0.00
60t
0.00
2
1
602
3
1
0.00
603
1
0.00
4
604
1
2
0:25
605
2
2
0.25
606
3
2
0.25
607
2
4
0.25
608
3
1
0.50
609
2
3
0.50
610
3
3
0.50
611
3
4
612
0.50
1
4
2.50
613
2
4
2.50
' 614
3
2.50
4
615
4
4
2.50
616
1
5
5.00
617
2
5
5.00
618
5
5.00
3
619.
4
620
5
5.00
1
621
6
10.00
2
6
10.00
622
3
6
10.00.
623
4
6
10.00
624
1
0.00
625
1
0.00
2
626
1
3
0.00
1
627
4
0.00
628
' 1
1
2 ■ 0.25
629
2
2
0.25
630
3
2
0.25.
631
4
2 . 0.25
632
1
0.50
633
3
2
634
0.50
3.
- 3
3
635
0.50
4
3
0.50
636
1
637
4
2.50
2
2.50
638
4
3
2.50
639
4
4
4
2.50
640
■1
5.00
641
,5
2
5
. 5.00
642
3
5
5.00
643
5
5.00
644
4
1
6
10.00
645
2
6
10.00
646
6
10.00 '
3
647
4
■ 6
10.00
648
0.00
1
649
1
2
0.00
650
1
PH6
pH6AV
* * * * * * * * * *
4.69
5.20
5.24
.5.19
4.24
4.45
4.37
4.40
4.16
4.16
3.98
3.84
3.25
3.16
3.07
3.04
2.99
2.73
3.10
3.30
2.98
3.08
2.84
3.15
7.70
7.89
7.90
7.99
7.82
7.81
7.59
7.55
7.59
7.67
7.67
7.68
7.64
7.64
7.63
7.63.
7.36
7.47
7.54
7.60
7.39
6.79
7.11
7.05
7.70
7.82
5.08
4.365
4.035
3.13
3.03
3.0125
7.87
7.6925
7.6525'
7.635
7.4925
7.085
7.7825
77
PLOT SOIL TRT
RATE
REP DATES
DISKS PH6 pH6AV
* t leir
30-Dec-91 ******* *******
3
651
7.74
.4 ‘
652 7.87
1
653 7.75
7.805'
2
654 7,83
3
655 7.82
656 7.82
4 .
1
657 7.83
7.8475
658 7.82
. 2
3
659 7.86
4
■ 660 7.88
1
661
7.74
7.76
2
662 7.74
3
663 . 7.77
4
664 7.79
1
665 7.74
7.76
2
666 7.75
3
667 7.77
.4
668 7.78
1
669 7.76
7.6825
2
670 7.74
3
671
7.61
4
672 7.62
I
673 7.91
7.86
2
674 7.82
3
675 7.88
4
676 7.83
677 7.47
■ 1
7.655
2
678 7.70
3
679 7.72
4
680 7.73
1
681. 7.80
7.795
2
682 7.76
683 7.80
3
4
684 7.82
685 • 7.67
I
7.6625
2
686 7.65
687 7.64
3
688 7.69
4
1
689 7.64
7.54
690 7.64
2
3
691
7.41
4
692 7.47
693 7.50
1
7.375
2
694 7.49
695 7.29
3
4
696 7.22
1
697 9.08
9.Q675
2
698 9.06
699 9.09
3
• 700 9.04
4
# # -* * * *
. Slkp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71. kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 me
81 me
82 me
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 me
91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
.97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
•
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
. 4
.5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
. 3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6.
6
. 6
6
1
I
1
1
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5,00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00 .
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00.
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
78
PLOT SOIL TRT .RATE
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
•
.
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
' 4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
100.00 .
100.00
100.00
REP DATES
DISKS PH6 pH6AV
30-Dec-9T ******* ******* ***********
701
1
8.58
8.725
2
702 8.64
3
703 8.85
4
704 8.83
705 8.67
I .
8.655
706 8.63
2
3
707 8.66
4
708 8.66
709 8.23
1
8.095
2
710 8.30
711
7.98
3
712 7.87
4
713 7.44
7.3625
'. 1
714 7.39
2
715 7.19
3
716 7.43
4
717 5.66
5.6775
1
718 5.79
2
3
719 5.45
4
720 5.81
1221
2:86
3.045
I
1222 3.13
2
1223 3.07
3
1224 3.12
4 '
79
.OT SOIL TRT RATE
1 rb
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc
35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 k c .
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
1
0.00
I
0.00
I
0.00
I
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4 ' 2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
• 5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
I
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
"0.25
2 . 0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
.0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
.5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
, 6
10.00
6
10.00
6
,10.00
6
10.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
REP DATE7 '
DISH7 PH7 pi
**********
31-Jan-92
1 3 1-Jan-92
721 6.48
6.455
2
722 6.27
3
723 6.53
4
724 6.54
1
725 4.70
4.675
2
726 4.87
3
727 4.63
4
728 4.50
1
729 4.22
4.2475
2
730 4.25
3
731 4.27
4
732 4.25
1
733 2.15 .
2
. 734 2.38
3
735 2.20
4
736 2.87
I
737 2.12
2.0975
2
738 2.07
3
739 2.11
4
740 2.09
1
741 2.74
2.5525
2
742 2.73
3
743 2.11
4
744 2.63
1
745 7.36
7.5675
2
746 7.61
3
747 .7.63
4
748 7.67
1
749 7.69
7.73
2
750 7.71
3
751 7.77
4
752 7.75
1
753 7.77
7.86
2
754 7:87
3
755 7.92
756 7.88
.4
1
757 7.54
7.585
2
758 7.60
3
759 7.60
4
760 ■7.60
1
761 7.44
7.3625
2
762 7.43
3
763 7.29
4
764 7.29
1
765 7.20
7.095
2
766 7.10
3
767 7.08
4
768 7.00
.1
769 .7.74
7.81
2
770 7.72
80
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
51 kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 me
81 me
82 me
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 me
91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
99 s m '
100 sm
1
I
2
2
2 .
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6.
6
6
1
1
I
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3 ,
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
1
1
1
1
- 0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0,50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00 .
10.00
10,00
.0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 ,
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
REP DATE?
31-Jan-92
3.
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
.
3
4
. I
2
3 .
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
. 3
4
1
2
3
4
DISH7
*******
771
.772
773
774
775
776
777
' 778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
. 792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
PH7 pH7AV
*****
7.80
7.98
7.80
7.8275
7.83
7.83
7.85
7.81
7.8175
7.85
7.79
7.82
7.86
7.7925
7.77
7.76
7.78
7.61
7.62
7.66
7.61
7.60
7.63
7.6175
7.61
7.63
7.60
7.98
8.0325
8.03
8.05
8.07
8.07
7.9425
7.89
7.92
7.89.
7.43
7.6375
7.60
7.75
7.77
7.51
7.4575
7.45
7.43
7.44
7.39
7.3525
7.40
7.29
7.33
7.36
7.2675
7.31
7.21
7.19
9.11
9.135
9.15
9.10
9.18
81
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
REP DATE7
DISH7PH7 pH7AV
31-Jan-92 *******
1
821
8.85
8.97
2
822 8.95
3
823 9.18
4
824 8.90
I
825 8.71
8.72
2
826 8.72
3
827 8.71
828 8.74
4
1
7.9275
829 8.11
2
830 7.91
3
831 7.83
4
832 7.86
1
833 7.48
7.2475
2
834 7.22
3
835 7.15
4
836 7.14
1
837 5.06
4.9925
2
838 5.28
3
839 4.80
840 4.83
4
1225 2.49
I
2.4375
1226 2.46
2
3
1227 2.44
4
1228 . 2.36
* * * * * * * .
101 sm
102 sm
103 sm
104 sm
105 sm
106 sm
107 sm
108 sm
109 sm
110 sm
111 sm
112 sm
113 sm
114 sm
115.sm
116 sm
117 sm
118 sm
119 sm
120 sm
2
0.25
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.50
3
0.50
3
3 . 0.50 .
3
0.50
2.50
4
2.50
4
4
. 2.50
2.50
4
5.00
5
5
5.00
5 . 5.00
5.00
5
10.00
6
.6
10.00
10.00
6
10.00
6
100.00
7
100.00
7
100.00
7
100.00
7
w * * * * * * « -» *
82
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
1 rb
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc'
35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
i 46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
.
I
T
1
• 1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
• 5
6
6
6
6
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
1
1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50.
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
6.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50 .
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
REP DATES
DISKS PH8 EC8
pH8AV
***+*+*+++
12-Mar-92
I 12-Mar-92
841
5.61 0.087
5.745
2
842 5.78 0.118
3
843 5.78 0.112
4
844 5.81 0.117
I
845 4.51 0.267
4.4775
2
846 4.76 0.210
' 3
847 4.40 0.184
4
848 4.24 0.215
1
849 4.45 0.245
4.3
2
850 4.19 0.325
. 3
851 4.36 0.222
4
852 4.20 0.341
1
853 2.71 2.120
2.62
2
854 2.56 4.920
3
855 2.59 4.100
4
856 2.62 3.400
1
857 2.72 3.880
2.7475
2
858. 2.75 3.760
3
859 2.69 4.420
. 4
860 2.83 3.830
1
861
2.66 6.320
2.6525
2
862 2.55 5.290
3
863 2.96 3.440
4
' 864 2.44 5.880
1 1
865 .8.00 0.999
7.91
2
866 7.61 0.469
3
.867 7.99. 0.405
4
868 8.04 0.426
1
869 7.97 0.879
7.98
.2
870 7.97 0.606
3
871
8.00 0.808
4
872 7.98 1.197
1
873 8.03 0.780
7.9975
2
874 7.96 1.206
3
. 875 8.04 0.773
4
876 7.96 1.189
1
877 7.89 1.622 ■7.8525
2
878 7.85 1.755
3
879 7.84 1.812
4
880 7.83 2.030
I
881
7.76 2.640
7.765
2
882 7.77 2.590
3
883 7.77 2.630
4
884 7.76 2.450
1 I
885 7.75 2.800
7.6875
2
886 7.71 3.000
3
887 7.68 2.920
4
888 7.61 3.180
. 1
889 7.68 . 0.899
7.755
2
890 7.77 0.485
EC8AV
**********
0.1085
0.219
0.28325
3.635
3.9725
5.2325
0.57475.
0.8725
0.987
1.80475
2.5775
2.975
0.5295
83
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
51 kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
75 me
76 me
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 me
81 me
82 me ■
83 me
84 me
85 me
86 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 me
. 91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
9 9 'sm
100 sm
1
0.00
.1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2 • 0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4 • 2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
1
0.00/
0.00
■1
1
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
0.50
3
3
0.50
0.50
3
4
2.50
4
2.50
2.50
4
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
■ 5.00
5.00
.5
5.00
5
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
6
10.00
0.00
I
0.00
1
0.00
1
1
0.00
REP DATES
12-Mar-92
3
4 .
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
' 1
2
3
4 •
1
2
3
4 .
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1 ■
2
3
4
DISKS PH8
’***••* *******
891
7.65
892 7.92
893 7.85
894 7.86
895. 7.91
896 7.87
897 7.93
898 7.92
899 7.87
900 7.86
901
7.85
902 7.71
903 7.81
904 7.83
905 7.69
906 7.74
907 7.72
908 7.72
909 7.75
910 7.74
911
7.14
91:2 7.39
913 7.59
914 7.76
915 7.83
916 7.91
917 7.94
918 7.91
919 7.98
920 7.83
921
7.82
922 7.99
923 7.96
924 8.02
925 7.74
926 7.67927 7.64
928 7.62
929 7.72
930 7.62
931, 7.53
932 7.56
933 7.42
934 7.37
935 7.27
936 7.36
937 9.07
938 9.16
939 9.15
940 9.18
pH8AV
EC8
.......*** • «*#•****+*
0.428
0.306
0.490
7.8725
0.547.
0.433
0.675
0.637.
7.895
,0.653
0.725
0.780
1.711
7.8
1.871
2.190
1.389
2.370
7.7175
2.160
2.320.
2.340
2.410
7.505
2.670
2.310
2.370
0.755
7.7725
0.406
0.374
0.315
0.326
7.915
0.383
0.317
0.577
7.9475
0.525
0.314
0.377
0.305
7.6675
1.387
1.652
1.735
2.190
1.390
7.6075
2.150
2.200
2.290
2.490 , 7.355
2.440
2.440
2.280
9.14
4.180
3.950
4.110
3.800
EG 8AV
**********
0.53625
0:69875
1.79025
2.2975
2.44
0.4625
0.40075
0.38025
1.741
2.0075
2.4125
4.01
84
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
101 sm
102 sm
103 sm
104 sm
105 sm
106 sm
107 sm
108 sm
109 sm
110 sm
111 sm
112 sm
113 sm
114 sm
115 sm
116 sm
117 sm
118 sm
. 119 sm
120 sm
2
2
2
2
. 3
' 3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
REP DATES
12-Mar-92
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
DISKS PH8
EC8
pHSAV
EC8AV
********** **********
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
1229
1230
1231
1232
8.79
8.92
8.93
8.86
8.60
8.65
8.82
8.69
7.95
8.05
7.81
7.97
7.68
7.49
4.72
7.25
4.80
4.50
4.42
4.20
2.66
2.74
2.66
2.69
5.070
3.810
4.220
4.780
6.020
5.670
3.530
'4.650.
5.790
6.730
7.170
5.950
6.510
6.250
6.270
6.940
6.910
5.821
4.370
6.740
19.900
16.830
12.780
17.920
8.875
4.47
8.69
4.9675
7.945
6.41
6.785
6.4925
4.48
5.96025
2.6875
16.8575
85
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
I rb
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb .
8 rb .
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
15 rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb .
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
. 24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc
34 kc
.35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
.
'
I
0.00
T
0.00
1
0.00
0.00
1
2
0.25
2 ' 0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
2.50
4
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6 " 10.00
6
10.00
0.00
1
0.00
1
REP DATE9
19-May-92
1 19-May-92
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
DISH9
*******
961
962
.963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
.987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008.
1009
1010
PH9 pH9AV
******* **********
5.60
5.6725
5.66
5.68
5.75
4.82
4.775
4.84
4.86
4.58
3.21
3.9675
4.16
4.14
4.36
3.34
3.2675
3.27
3.17
3.29
3.23
3.0025
2.88
3.13
2.77
3.12
2.9775
3.15
2.79
2.85
7.83
8.155
8.07
8.17
8.55
8.23
7.96
8.31
7.51
7.79
7.76
7.965
8.02
8.02
8.06
7.78
7.8075
. 7.81
7.86
7.78
6.9675
6.82
6.85
7.04
7.16
6.74
5.6575
6.22
4.87
4.80
7.33
. 7.58
7.48
86
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
Slkp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
< 60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 m e
. 74 m e
75 m e
76 m e
77 me
78 me
79 me
80 m e
81 me
82 me
83 m e
84 m e
85 me
86 m e
87 me
88 m e
89 me
90 m e
91 me
92 m e
93 m e
94 me
95 m e
. 96 m e
97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
I
0.00
1
0.00
2
0.25
,2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50
3
0.50 '
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
1
0.00
1 . 0.00
1
0.00
.
1
0.00
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
3
0.50
3
0.50 ’
3
0.50
3
0.50
4 ' 2.50
■ 4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
1
0.00
1
■ 0.00
0.00
1
1
q.oo
REP.DATE9
DISH9 PH9 pH9AV
19-May-92 ........ *
3
1011
7.73
4
1012 7.78
I
1013 7.80
7.9025
2
1014 7.87
3
1015 7.96
4
1016 7.98
1
1017 7.92
7.94
2
1018 7.90
3
1019 8.01
4
1020 7.93
1
1021
7.72
7.765
2
1022 7.78
3
1023 7.76
4
1024 7.80
1
1025 7.67
7.72
2
1026 7.72
3
1027 7.75
4
1028 7.74
1
1029 7.77
7.7625
2
1030 7.78
3
1031
7.74
4
1032 7.76
1033 ' 8.12
.1
8.13
2
1034 8.04
3
1035 8.11
4
1036 8.25
1
1037 8.09
7.9975
2
1038 7.93
3
1039 7.96
4
1040 8.01
1
1041
7.16
7.4
2
1042 7.40
3
1043 7.48
4
1044 7.56
1
1045 7.53
7.485
2
1046 7.43
3
1047 7.46
4
1048 7.52
1
1049 7.48
7.53
2
1050 7.52
3
1051
7.54
4,
1052 7.58
1
1053 7.32
7.105
2
1054 7.02
3
1055 7.02
4
1056 7.06
1
1057 9.05
9.2575
2
1058 9.26
3
1059 9.37
4
1060 9.35
87
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
sm
■
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
REP DATES
DISH9PH9 pH9AV
**********
19-May-92
1
0.25
1061. 8.92
8:9525
0.25
2
1062 8.86
0.25
3
1063 9.09
4
0.25
1064 8.94
I
0.50
1065 8.74
8.6525
0.50
2
1066 8.89
0.50
. 3
1067 8.78
0.50
1068 8.20
4
2.50
I
1069 8.21
8.1925
. 1070 8.10
2.50
2
2.50
1071
8.21
3
4
2.50
1072 8.25
1
1073 7.62
5.00
7.2075
1074 7.26
2
5.00
5.00
3
1075 7.00
4
1076 6.95
5.00
10.00
1
1077 5.00
4.855
1078 5.01
10.00
2
10.00
1079 4.49
3
10.00
4
1080 4.92
1233 2.87
2.9025
100.00 '
1
1234 3.00
100.00 • 2
100.00
1235. 2.91
3
100.00
4
1236 2.83
88
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
I ft)
2 rb
3 rb
4 rb
5 rb
6 rb
7 rb
8 rb
9 rb
10 rb
11 rb
12 rb
13 rb
14 rb
IS rb
16 rb
17 rb
18 rb
19 rb
20 rb
21 rb
22 rb
23 rb
24 rb
25 kc
26 kc
27 kc
28 kc
29 kc
30 kc
31 kc
32 kc
33 kc.
34 kc
35 kc
36 kc
37 kc
38 kc
39 kc
40 kc
41 kc
42 kc
43 kc
44 kc
45 kc
46 kc
47 kc
48 kc
49 kp
50 kp
SI kp
52 kp
53 kp
54 kp
55 kp
56 kp
57 kp
58 kp
59 kp
60 kp
61 kp
62 kp
63 kp
64 kp
65 kp
66 kp
67 kp
68 kp
69 kp
70 kp
71 kp
72 kp
73 me
74 me
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
1
I
I
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
I
I
0.00
0.00
0 00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
250
250
2.50
250
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
0.00
0.00
REP DATEIO
DISHIO PHIO
12-Aug-S2
I 12-Aug-92
1081 5.72
2
1082 5 68
3
1083 5.82
4
1084 5.88
I
1085 3.01
2
1066
42
3
1087 4 OS
4
1068 3.32
I
1089 2.87
2
1090 3.69
3
1091
3.19
4
1092 2.76
I
1093 2.49
1094 2.41
2
3
1095 2.39
4
1096 2.55
I
1097
2.3
2
1098 2.48
3
1099 2.52
4
1100 2.79
1
1101
2.41
2
1102 2.38
3
1103 2.45
4
1104 2.59
1
1105 7.76
2
1106 7.67
3
1107 7.56
4
1108 7.58
I
1109 7.51
2
1110 7.53
3
1111 7.55
4
1112 7 32
I
1113
7.6
1114 7.96
2
3
1115 7.79
4
1116 7.83
1
1117 7.31
2
1118 7 02
3
1119 7.07
4
1120 7.06
I
1121
6.31
2
1122 6.54
3
1123 6.97
4
1124 6.82
1
1125 2.78
2
1126
4
3
1127 3 63
4
1128 5.77
1129 7.71
1
2
1130 7.66
3
1131
7.79
4
1132 8.24
1
1133 8.07
2
1134 8.15
3
1135 8.21
4
1136 8.17
I
1137 8.11
2
1138 8.08
3
1139 7.97
4
1140
8.2
1141 7.67
I
2
1142 7.85
3
1143 7.72
4
1144 7.77
1
1145 7.61
1146 7.68
2
3
1147 7.63
4
1148 7.65
I
1149 7.65
2
1150 7.51
3
1151 7.04
4
7.1
1152
1153 7.81
I
1154 7.94
2
ECIO
0.099
0.141
0.129
0.112
0.761
0.209
0.72
0.739
1.257
0.457
0.543
1.183
3.08
5.67
3.4
2.31
6053
4.62
5.83
2.15
7.89
6.95
7.52
5.87
0.54
0.511
0.5
0.482
0.686
0.612
0.625
0.685
0.754
0.716
0.736
0.867
1.863
1.42
1.979
1.834
2.72
2.66
2.68
2.78
3.49
2.83
2.78
2.59
0.217
0.272
0.229
0.135
0.312
0.216
0.22
0.274
0.358
0.41
0.632
0.23
0.359
0.231
0.64
0.541
1.7
1.367
1.751
1.616
1.601
2.42
2.33
2.37
0.21
0.185
Fe 10
15
17
IS
16
203
117
122
232
274
164
246
438
644
3380
792
600
4960
1162
2416
532
6620
4060
5260
2576
5
4
4
4
6
7
7
6
10
10
9
9
31
39
35
36
65
65
96
69
338
194
202
214
3
3
3
3
8
7
8
8
16
15
18
18
38
46
38
48
73
82
85
73
77
77
77
81
3
3
SO410
pH 10AV ECIOAV FeIOAV SO410A
...............
5
5.775
8
13
11
523
3.645
438
302
406
687
3.1275
440
521
1045
2895
246
7975
4463
1998
11668
2.5225
5828
7623
2231
11400
2.4575
9435
8740
7458
31
7.6425
30
30
27
109
7.4775
134
162
138
237
7.795
312
317
312
1369
7.115
1295
1129
1557
1972
6.66
1810
1893
1715
4718
4.045
3450
3325
2644
39
7.85
31
36
38
227
8.15
228
190
213
331
8.09
384
322
292
1145
7.7525
1169
1101
1347
1477
7.6425
1462
1490
1455
1792
7.325
1903
1765
1839
22
7.925
16
0.12025
15.75
9.25
0.60725
168.5
417.25
0.66
280.5
673.25
3.615
1354
4332.75
1516.4
2267.5
6837.5
7.0575
4629
9258.25
0.50825
4.25
29.5
0.652
6.5
135.75
0.76825
9.5
294.5
1.774
35.25
1337.5
271
74
1847.5
2.9225
237
3534.25
0.21325
3
36
0.2555
7.75
214.5
0.4075
16.75
332.25
0.46775
425
1190.5
1.6085
78.25
1471
218025
78
1824.75
0.19125
3
18.5
89
PLOT SOIL TRT RATE
75 me
76 me
77 m e
78 me
79 me
80 m e
81 me
82 m e
83 me
64 me
85 m e
66 me
87 me
88 me
89 me
90 m e
91 me
92 me
93 me
94 me
95 me
96 me
97 sm
98 sm
99 sm
100 sm
101 sm
102 sm
103 sm
104 sm
105 sm
106 sm
107 sm
108 sm
109 sm
110 sm
111 sm
112 sm
113 sm
114 sm
115 sm
116 sm
117 sm
118 sm
119 sm
120 sm
0.00
I
0.00
I
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
3
0.50
0.50
3
0.50
3
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6 . 10.00
0.00
I
0.00
I
0.00
I
I
0.00
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.25
2
0.50
3
0.50
3
3
0.50
3
0.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
4
2.50
5
5.00
5
5.00
5
5.00
5.00
5
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
6
10.00
100.00
7
7
100.00
100.00
7
100.00
7
REP DATEIO
12-Aug-92
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
I
2
3
4
DISH10 PHIO ECIO
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1164
1185
1186
1187
1168
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1237
1238
1229
1240
7.94
8.01
8.14
8.05
8.14
8.04
7.81
7.98
8.02
8.1
7.91
7 64
7.85
7.86
7.71
7.68
6.96
7.06
6.97
7.09
6.99
7.07
9.54
9.65
9.62
9.54
9.29
9.48
9.48
9.48
955
9.36
9.44
9.45
8.23
8.02
8.09
8.05
7.2
7.1
7.12
7.04
4.23
4.15
4.03
4.02
2.8
3.03
3.06
3.03
0.214
0.156
0.123
0.162
0.129
0.142
0.127
0.115
0.126
0.103
0.265
0.371
0.361
0.378
0.775
0.806
0.754
0.823
1.407
0.987
1.558
1.107
1.245
0.686
0.762
0.863
1.287
0.768
0.755
0.867
0.627
0.896
0.872
1.192
2.92
2.97
2.08
2.31
3.13
3.25
2.4
2.7
3.61
3.34
2.46
2.35
4.11
3.77
6.66
5.96
FeIO
..........
3
3
6
6
6
6
9
10
11
9
51
41
45
49
77
77
82
88
91
98
183
190
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
7
8
a
7
33
32
33
29
134
133
156
202
348
342
397
340
23400
18220
25800
17300
SO410
19
17
156
158
140
113
281
261
206
268
1222
1209
1065
1264
1732
1752
1815
1876
2533
2581
2618
2768
834
876
773
827
1260
1177
1292
1177
1595
1462
1529
1427
3390
3245
3243
3168
3950
3885
3665
3925
4935
4698
4800
4630
21925
19650
29300
29425
pHIOAV EC10AV FeIOAV
SO410A
8.0925
0.1415
6
141.75
7.9775
0.11825
9.75
254
7.865
0.34375
46.5
1190
7.3525
0.7895
61
1793.75
7.03
1.26475
140.5
2625
9.5875
0.889
3
827.5
9.4325
0.91925
5
1226.5
9.45
0.89675
7.5
1503.25
8.1225
Z57
31.75
3261.5
7.115
2.87
156.25
3856.25
4.1075
2.94
356.75
4765.75
2.98
5.125
21180
25075
APPENDIX B
VEGETATION DATA FOR FIELD TEST PLOTS
r
91
Vegetation data for field test plots.
FY91
ID #
P250
P 2 51
P lant S
<%)
1.00
P lant N
<%)
4.92
4.90
P l a n t Fe
(m g/kg)
111
76 .
45
P2 5 2
0.89
0.44
P2 5 3
P 2 54
0.93
0.98
P2 5 5
0.98
4.67
74
P 2 56
1.00
' 4.99
• P2 5 7
P 2 58
1.02
0.92
5.09
5.22
90
76
P2 5 9
0.94
5.00
P260
0.94
4.71
66
P261 . .
P2 6 2
P2 6 3
0.92 '
1.00
1.06'
71
77
67
P264
0.96
4.77
4.89
4.85
4.78
P2 6 5
P 2 66
1.21
1.13
5.18
4.64
77
73
P 26 7
0.78
4.70
BI
P 2 68
0.97
P2 6 9
1.10
P 2 70
P 2 71
4.87
5.20
5.16
59
81
-
'99
1 53
64
5.10
71
0.97
5.22
5.07
62
76
0.93 .
4.93
71
P272
1.25
4.91
66
P2 7 3
P 2 74
1.13
4.96
5.11
67
4.73
5.02
67
5.33
64
5.06
95
P2 7 5
P 2 76
0.92
0.83
'
0.97
•
64
74
P278
0.98
' 1.15
P 2 79
1.08
5.03
70
P 2 80
1.12
4.85
92
P281
1.26'
5.10
99
P2 8 2
1.15
5.08
99
P 2 83
1.00
4.96
78
P 2 84
1.00
4.38
60
P285
P 2 86
0.86
0.42
5.20
4.83
139
P287
0.45
5.01
133
. P288
0.23
5.31
1197
P2 8 9
0.22
4.24
1054
P2 7 7
78
„
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
3 1762 10172721 O
HOUCHEN
b in d e r y ltd