Standardization Activities on ICT
15 Dec.2008
Isao SUGINO
Director for International Standardization
Standardization Division
MIC Japan
“Very primitive questions”
（Q1） What is “Standard” ?
（Q2） Then, what is “Standardization” ?
2
Interconnectivity and Interoperability
ensured through Standardization
Different
networks
Network A
Network B
Network C
Standardization,
Standardization,
such
suchas
ason
on
--Coding,
Coding,
--Signaling
Signalingand
and
--Protocol,
Protocol,
isisrequired
requiredfor
for
Interconnectivity
Interconnectivity
and
andInteroperability.
Interoperability.
• A variety of services
• A variety of terminals
①
Network A
Network B
②
③
Network C
① between Networks
② between Network and
Terminal
③ between Terminals
3
Merits of Standardization
1 Efficient provision of telecommunications services
(1) Generalizing network facilities, terminal equipment, associated parts, etc.
(2) Assuring interconnectivity (to make more open access to networks)
(3) Assuring security, proper quality, etc.
(4) Reducing costs due to mass production
(5) Facilitating international procurement
(6) Utilizing telecommunication resources such as radio waves and
telecommunication circuits, with efficiency.
2 Promotion of competition in the telecommunications field
(1) Reducing entry barriers by assuring interconnectivity
(2) Expanding global markets through easily setting up international networks
(3) Increasing multi-carriers and multi-vendors of telecommunication systems,
etc.
4
WTO/ TBT Agreement and International Standards
•
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) stipulates that Members shall use International
Standards as a basis for their technical regulations.
International Standards
Europe
Europe
Technical Regulations
USA
USA
Asia
Asia
Technical Regulations
Technical Regulations
International Standards are Important
-Members shall ensure that technical regulations are not prepared, adopted or applied with a view to or
with the effect of creating unnecessary obstacles to international trade.
-Where technical regulations are required and relevant international standards exist or their completion
is imminent, Members shall use them, or the relevant parts of them, as a basis for their technical
regulations except when such international standards or relevant parts would be an ineffective or
inappropriate means for the fulfillment of the legitimate objectives pursued, for instance because of
fundamental climatic or geographical factors or fundamental technological problems.
5
“mandatory” / “voluntary”
“mandatory” standards
“voluntary” standards
6
For example,
#1: Output voltage of telephone terminals …
#2: Assignment of telephone numbers …
#3: Protocols for FAX …
#4: Mobile phone systems …
#5: Mobile internet access …
7
Standardization activities in Japan (for ITU Standards)
ITU
ITU
ITU-R
For domestic standards
ITU-T
Up stream
Contributions to ITU
Down stream
Voluntary Standards
MIC of Japan
Sectional meetings
for ITU-R
for ITU-T
SDOs
Other
Committees
Participation
TTC
ARIB JCTEA
Information and Communications Council
TTC
ARIB
JCTEA
TTC標準 Standards
ARIB標準 JCTEA
標準
Standards
Standards
Mandatory
Standards
強制標準
Participation
HATS
HATS
Conference
推進会議
日本
JCL
ケーブルラボ
Interoperability tests
Operators,
Manufacturers, Universities, Research Institutes, etc.
電気通信事業者、放送事業者、製造業者、大学・研究機関等
8
Due process for establishing mandatory standards
ITU
Making coordination and keeping consistency
Needs in
market
MIC
Information and
Communications Council
IP-based
network
Study
technical
conditions
Broadband Inquiry
by
facilities
（open to
the public）
Asking for
Public
comments
Drafting
report
Asking for
Public
comments
MIC
ordinance/
notice
Minister
A variety of
services
etc.
Request from
operator
Study
technical
conditions
（open to
the public）
Asking for
Public
comments
authorize
Operator’s
tariff
report
9
(Q3) What is “Standardization Gap“ ?
What are your actual problems
regarding
standards/standardization?
10
Consequences for
socio-economic
development
ICT Standardization
Ladder
Helping to determine the
future standards-making
process
Making proposals
on future study questions
and work programmes
Helping to determine
future ICT standards
Nominating representatives
as study group chairs, vicechairs. rapporteurs, focus
group chairs etc
Helping to shape future
ICT standards
Making contributions to
Study Groups and
related meetings
Learning by doing.
Possibilities for wider regional
and home country participation
Learning by doing.
Possibilities for “networking”
Hosting events
and/or regional groups
(Res 54)
Indicators for
measuring the gap
Country of origin
for proposals on future study
questions
Statistics on breakdown of
Study Group officials
by country of
origin
Statistics on contributions
by country/member
of origin
Statistics on organization
and hosting of
workshops by country
Participation in Study
Groups and related
meetings
Study Group
participation statistics
Domestic Sector
Members or Associates
Membership statistics
Capacity-building helps to
build a national human
resource base and a stock
of engineers
Domestic training and
capacity-building in use of
ITU Recommendations
Downloads and sales of
ITU Recommendations by
Universities and training
institutes. Translation into
local language
Use of international standards,
for instance in ICT procurement,
should help to reduce costs
and promote ease of use
Domestic usage of ITU
Recommendations
Downloads and sales of
ITU Recommendations
by country of origin. Trends
over time
Institutional membership
in the international community
helps promote globalization
and offset its negative aspects
Document C07/EP/8-E
in ITU Council 2007
“BRIDGING THE
STANDARDIZATION GAP
(RES. 123)”
by Director of TSB
Defining
- Standardization development gap
- Standardization “Ladder of
development”
- Focusing on
the ability to create standards
- Based on
the ability to use standards
11
Discussion about BSG at WTSA-08 (1)
Res. 17 Telecommunication standardization in
relation to the interests of developing countries
1
2
3
4
Cooperation with the ITU regional offices &
relevant regional organizations.
Providing free electronic copies*.
Encourage participation from developing
countries.
Study of priority questions of developing
countries.
* ITU handbook, directives and ITU collection of basic texts etc.
12
Discussion about BSG at WTSA-08 (2)
Res. 44
Bridging the standardization gap
between developing & developed countries
1
2
Action Plan
 Strengthening standard-making capabilities
 Assisting developing countries in standards
application
 Human resource building
 Flagship groups for BSG
 Fundraising for BSG
Encourage more highly developed countries to
establish cooperation programs with developing
countries with regards to technical regulation and
conformity assessment.
13
Discussion about BSG at WTSA-08 (3)
Res. 26 Assistance to the regional tariff groups
Res. 43 Regional preparations for WTSAs
Res. 54 Creation of regional groups
• Strengthen Regional Groups
14
Discussion about BSG at WTSA-08 (4)
Summary: Noteworthy points
1
2
3
4
Recognizing the importance of collective efforts from
both developed and developing countries.
Trying to utilize regional efforts/activities.
Discussing the specific and actual activities in response
to developing countries’ requests/priorities.
Recognizing 3 disparities:
 voluntary standardization
 mandatory technical regulations
 conformity assessment
15
“ITU Mark” Program
Background
Non-smooth operability of ICT equipments, especially in
developing countries, because of lack of credibility.
Something to ensure interoperability is necessary.
“ITU Mark”
• Show end-to-end interoperability/interconnectivity of
ICT equipments from different manufactures on a global
scale in accordance with ITU-T Recommendations.
• Discussed at TSAG (Dec. 2007 & Jul. 2008) and WTSA-2008
16
(Q4) Does “Standard” guarantee interoperability?
17
Resolution 76 at WTSA-08
“Studies related to conformance and interoperability testing,
assistance to developing countries, and a possible future ITU
mark programme”
ITU-T studies …
1. Overall effects on ITU & manufactures
2. Legal & national/international regulatory implications
3. Cost of set up of facility
4. Location of testing facility
5. Measures to be take to build the necessary humanresource capacities
18
HATS (Harmonization of Advanced Telecommunication Systems) Conference
- Non-Profit organization established in 1988
- To ensure the interconnectivity/interoperability of telecommunication
equipments of different manufactures in order to give a users’ convenience.
- Members: ICT manufacturers,vendors, carriers, TTC, MIC
Secretariat: Communications and Information network Association of Japan
(CIAJ)
Main
Mainfunctions
functionsof
ofHATS
HATS
Types
Typesof
ofinterconnectivity
interconnectivitytesting
testing
1)
1)Setting
Settingout
outprograms
programsfor
fortesting
testing
2)
2)Issuing
Issuingtesting
testingguidelines
guidelines
3)
3)Implementing
Implementingconnectivity
connectivitytests
tests
4)
4)Describing
Describingthe
thebasis
basisfor
forTTC
TTC
1)
1)Tests
Testsconducted
conductedusing
usingonly
onlythose
thosedevices
devices
that
thatare
aresubject
subjecttototesting
testing
2)
2)Round
Roundrobin
robintesting
testingon
onall
alldevices
devices
3)
3)Terminal-to-terminal
Terminal-to-terminaltesting
testingon
onreal
reallines
lines
For the details,
http://www.ciaj.or.jp/hats/e/what/about.html
19
The Interconnectivity Test Range Targeted by HATS
Whole functions supported by
each equipment
Original functions
supported by each
equipment
Essential functions
Optional functions
Activity Expansion
Basic Functions → Interconnection test range
(Essential functions) + (a part of Optional functions)
Functions based on standard
+ Application and
Network Layer
20
Role of HATS
ITU, ISO, IETF etc.
International standard
TTC:Telecommunication Technology Committee
Manufacturer, vendor
R&D of new equipment
Participate
HATS
Feed
back
Japanese national standard
Confirm test guideline
Telecom. Carrier
Cooperate
Improve
- plans interconnectivity test
- examines test method/procedure(test guideline)
- builds test bed & executes interconnectivity test
on round robin basis
(Basically, participants share the detail test result,
and share all cost per each test.)
- reviews&studies test result
(- release abstract of test result to press)
Market
21
Actual results of HATS test
2005
5
11
0
0
18
5
0
0
39
2006
5
10
0
0
20
4
3
0
42
1,300
200420052006-
900
300
200
100
831
400
774
0
'90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07
120
By Year
1,277
1,175
1,131
500
985
600
1,063
700
1,256
160
1,214
800
726
2003-
200
686
2002-
240
1,000
616
20002001-
1,100
Nu mbe r of te ste d e qu ipme n t u n de r HATS Sc h e me
B ar graph （ Le f t） ： Cu mu lative To tal
Lin e graph （ Righ t）： B y Ye ar
540
199619971999-
1,200
Number of Info-communication Equipments Tested
Under HATS Scheme
（JFY2007, as of 2007/10) ⇒ 21
(TOTAL：JFY1988-2007) ⇒1,277
450
19901991-
ISDN Terminal Adapter/digital telephone, G4
facsimile, PBX, MHS
Analog videophone
Digital videophone/videoconference, LAN
router
Super G3 facsimile
MPEG2(H.262)
LAN router(ATM, IPsec), H.324 videophone,
Internet facsimile
H.323 videophone(over IP), Color facsimile
ADSL, LAN router(IPv6 native/tunnel mode),
PBX(VoIP:IP-QSIG), SIP(VoIP),
Internet-FAX
ADSL(CPE), LAN router(OSPF, PPoE),
SIP(VoIP), H.323+, IP-PBX(VoIP:IPQSIG+), Internet-FAX
ADSL, LAN router(VRRP), sYCC colour
FAX, H.323, SIP PBX(IP-QSIG)
LAN router (Internet VPN: IPsec-IKE),
PBX-SIP , H.323, SIP
PBX-SIP, IP-FAX, SIP, MPEG4
PBX-SIP, IP-FAX, SIP, MPEG4, H.264
Cumulative Total
1989-
2007
5
0
0
0
10
2
4
0
21
430
2004
5
0
6
6
23
4
0
0
44
380
2003
7
5
11
13
32
0
0
0
68
310
2002
3
1
24
17
29
0
0
4
78
220
ITEMS
PBX
Facsimile
LAN
H.323
SIP
MPEG4
H.264
DSL
Total
80
40
0
Fiscal
Year
22
Conclusion (?)
23